Classifications

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  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
  • A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
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  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6889—Conjugates wherein the antibody being the modifying agent and wherein the linker, binder or spacer confers particular properties to the conjugates, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers or acid-labile linkers, providing for an acid-labile immuno conjugate wherein the drug may be released from its antibody conjugated part in an acidic, e.g. tumoural or environment
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  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/402—1-aryl substituted, e.g. piretanide
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  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/407—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
  • A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
  • A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/05—Dipeptides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
  • A61K47/65—Peptidic linkers, binders or spacers, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6835—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site
  • A61K47/6849—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a receptor, a cell surface antigen or a cell surface determinant
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6835—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site
  • A61K47/6851—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a determinant of a tumour cell
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6835—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site
  • A61K47/6851—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a determinant of a tumour cell
  • A61K47/6855—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a determinant of a tumour cell the tumour determinant being from breast cancer cell
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/33—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/335—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
  • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
  • C07K16/2863—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against receptors for growth factors, growth regulators
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
  • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
  • C07K16/2875—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the NGF/TNF superfamily, e.g. CD70, CD95L, CD153, CD154
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
  • C07K16/32—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against translation products of oncogenes

Definitions

• the invention relates to novel prodrugs in which cytotoxic agents such as e.g. Kinesin spindle protein inhibitors are conjugated to groups selected selectively by
• prodrugs or conjugates for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases as well as the use of these prodrugs for the production of medicaments for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases, in particular of hyperhidrosis.
• proliferative and / or angiogenic diseases such as cancer.
• Such treatments may be monotherapy or in combination with other medicines or other therapeutic measures.
• Cancer cells often express certain proteases more than normal cells. This has led to attempts to increase the selectivity of cytotoxic drugs for cancer cells, in which the drugs are linked to groups that are cleaved from such proteases, thereby releasing the drug.
• Legumain is an asparaginyl endopeptidase (S. Ishii, Methods Enzymol., 1994, 244, 604; JM Chen et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 8090) and has been used to process prodrugs of small cytotoxic molecules such as Wox et al., Cancer Res., 2006, 66, 970; L. Stern et al; Bioconjugate Chem. 2009, 20, 500; KM Bajjuri et al., ChemMed Chem 201 1, 6; 54).
• US 2015-0343083 A1 describes legumain-cleavable peptide-active substance conjugates of the formula RYZ-Asn-linker-D in which linker is p-aminobenzylcarbamoyl or p-aminobenzyl carbonate, R is a radical selected from different chemical groups D is a cytotoxic agent, Asn is the amino acid asparagine, Y is an amino acid selected from Ala, Thr, Ser, Leu, Arg, Pro, Val, Tyr and Phe and Z is an amino acid selected from Ala, Thr, Asn and Pro is, these being
• the object of the present invention is to further improve the tumor selectivity of cytotoxic drugs.
• the invention provides prodrugs of cytotoxic drug molecules.
• a group cleavable by the enzyme leguminin is conjugated to the drug molecule, the drug and the legumable cleavable group being linked either directly via a covalent bond or via a self-immolative linker.
• These prodrugs preferably contain a binder which, after binding to a receptor of a tumor cell, is internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly (preferably lysosomally). This binder can either be modified with the legume-cleavable group
• Active compound molecule may be connected via a linker, so that both groups (Legumain cleavable group and binder) must be processed independently of each other to form an active metabolite, or the binder may be connected to the cleavable by the Enyzm Legumain group optionally via a linker (see that after cleavage of the legume-cleavable group, the active ingredient is separate from the binder or a derivative thereof).
• a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor (CSF inhibitor) is preferred.
• CSF inhibitor kinesin spindle protein inhibitor
• an antibody is preferred.
• ADCs antibody-drug conjugates
• APDCs conjugates of prodrugs with antibodies
• the legume-cleavable group used in the present invention, which is linked to the active ingredient, has a structural motif reduced to the amino acid asparagine.
• the ADCs and APDCs of the invention exhibit only one amino acid (Asparagine) as an enzymatic cleavage site in the linker a high anti-tumor effect, the analogues with classical tripeptide substrates (three amino acids) in the linker
• Amino acid building block (one amino acid) can be reduced. Even for closely related conjugates with amino acids such as glutamine or leucine instead of asparagine (see
• the ADCs of the invention show a high preference for cleavage by a tumor-associated asparagine-cleaving protease such as legume.
• the prodrugs of the invention have the following general formula
• La is a self-immolative linker, n is 0 or 1;
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lb is a linker, o and p are each independently 0 or 1, R is LIG- (L c ) e-,
• LIG stands for a binder which, after binding to a receptor on a tumor cell, is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lc is a linker and e is 0 or 1 or
• x is 0 or 1 v is an integer from 1 to 20; and for -H, -alkyl, -CH 2 -COOH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -COOH or
• R 1 in the meaning of alkyl is preferably C 1 -C 12 -alkyl.
• the binder (LIG) is an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
• the antibody is preferably a human, humanized or chimeric monoclonal antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, in particular an anti-TWEAKR antibody, an anti-EGFR antibody, an anti-B7H3 antibody or an anti-HER2 antibody or a Antigen-binding fragment of these.
• anti-TWEAKR antibodies TPP-7006, TPP-7007 and TPP-10337, the anti-B7H3 antibodies TPP-8382 and TPP-8567, the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab (TPP-981) and the anti HER2 antibodies trastuzumab and TPP-1015 or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
• the prodrugs according to the invention preferably contain a binder which can bind to a receptor of a tumor cell and is usually internalized after binding to the receptor by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally.
• the binder may either be linked to the group cleavable by the enzyme legumain, if appropriate via a linker, so that after cleavage of the legume-cleavable group the active substance is present separately from the binder or a derivative thereof.
• the compounds of embodiment A thus preferably have the following general formula III ':
• n, e, LIG, La, Lc, and Di are those given in the general formula (Ia)
• -D in the general formula (la) represents -D-
• R in the general formula (Ia) represents LIG- (L c ) e - (Embodiment A).
• the present invention preferably relates to compounds of the general formula (Ia) in which
• La is a self-immolative linker, n is 0 or 1;
• D - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) p, o and p are 0, represents a cytotoxic agent
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lb stands for a linker
• R stands for LIG (Lc) e -
• LIG stands for a binder which, after binding to a receptor on a tumor cell, is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lc is a linker and e is 0 or 1.
• the binder may optionally be linked to the drug molecule via a linker, so that after cleavage of the legumain-cleavable group of the drug is present together with the binder or a derivative thereof.
• D represents in the general formula (la) -di- (L
• 3) 0 -LIG represents and R in the general formula (la) represents Zi- (C ( 0)) q is (Embodiment B).
• n, o, LIG, La, Lb and Di are those given in the general formula (Ia)
• the present invention preferably relates to compounds of the general formula (Ia) in which
• La is a self-immolative linker, n is 0 or 1;
• D is di- (Lb) 0 - (LIG) p , o is 0 or 1 p is 1, Di is a cytotoxic agent,
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lb is a linker
• Zi is a Ci-10-alkyl, C 5 -io-aryl, C 6 -io-aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl-, C3-10-
• 0 or 1 is a number from 1 to 20 and for -H, -alkyl, -CH 2 -COOH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -COOH, or
• Fig. 1 shows the strategy of transglutaminase-catalyzed
• Fig. 2 shows annotated sequences of preferred antibodies for binder drug
• Conjugates Shown are the protein sequences of the heavy and light chains of the IgGs, as well as the VH and VL regions of these antibodies. Below the sequences, important regions are annotated (VH and VL regions in IgGs, and the CDR regions (H-CDR1, H-CDR2, H-CDR3, L-CDR1, L-CDR2, L-CDR3)).
• Figure 3 shows the sequence listing of sequences of the preferred antibodies for binder-drug conjugates and sequences of the target proteins.
• legume cleavable groups which can be used according to the invention and the cytotoxic active compounds D, which may optionally have a soap immolative links are described.
• the preferred binder according to the invention LIG which is internalized after binding to a receptor of a tumor cell of the tumor cell and intracellularly (preferably lysosomally) is processed, described.
• the various elements of the compounds of the invention can be used without limitation in any combination.
• the active compounds D which are in each case described as being preferred or particularly preferred, may be used in combination with the binders LIG, each of which is illustrated as being preferred or particularly preferred, if appropriate in combination with the respective preferred or
• the compounds of the general formula (Ia) according to the invention have a legume-cleavable group of the formula (Ia ')
• n 0 or 1
• # 1 represents binding to the cytotoxic agent (cytotoxic agent)
• R stands for LIG- (L c ) e-
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally,
• Lc is a linker and e is 0 or 1, or
• Zi is a Ci-10-alkyl, C 5 -io-aryl, Ce-io-aryl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-10-
• Heteroalkyl Ci-io-alkyl-0-C6-io-aryl, Cs-io-heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C5-io-heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-io-heteroaryl-alkoxy,
• R 1 is -H, -alkyl, -CH 2 -COOH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -COOH, or -CH 2 -CH 2 -NH 2 .
• R 1 in the meaning of alkyl is preferably C 1 -C 12 -alkyl.
• leguminin-cleavable group of formula Ia ' is also referred to as a legume-cleavable protecting group (embodiment B).
• q is preferably 1.
• Zi particularly preferably represents a Ci-3-alkyl, C6-7-aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C5-6-heteroaryl-Ci-3-alkyl, or C6-7-aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy Group which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, identically or differently, by -COOH, -C ( O) - or -OH.
• the release of the active substance can take place according to various mechanisms, for example after initial enzymatic release of a nucleophilic group by subsequent elimination via an electronic cascade (Bioorg.Med.Chem., 1999, 7, 1597, J.Med.Chem., 2002, 45 . 937; Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2002, 10, 71) or by cyclization of the corresponding linker element (Bioorg.Med.Chem., 2003, 11, 2277; Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2007, 15, 4973; Bioorg. Med. Chem Lett, 2007, 17, 2241) or by a combination of both (Angew Chem. Inter. Ed., 2005, 44, 4378). Examples of such linker elements are shown in the figure:
• # 1 is the bond to the carbonyl group and # 2 is the bond to the hydroxyl or
• LIG represents a binder that binds to a receptor
• Tumor cell is preferably internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally,
• Lb is a linker and o and p are independently 0 or 1.
• Mitomycin, doxorubicin, aminopterin, actinomycin, bleomycin, 9-amino-camptothecin, n8-acetyl-spermidine, 1- (2-chloroethyl) -1,2-dimethanesulfonyl-hydrazide, tallysomycin, cytarabine, etoposide, camptothecin are preferably used as the cytotoxic agent , Taxol, esperamicin, podophyllotoxin, anguidine, vincristine, vinblastine, morpholine-doxorubicin, n- (5,5-diacetoxy-pentyl) -doxorubicin, duocarmycin, auristatin, monomethylauristatin, dolastatin, tubulysin, maytansinoid, cryptophycin, amanitine, pyrrolobenzodiazepine derivatives , Indolinobenzodiazep
• a corresponding derivatization of these active ingredients can be carried out on the basis of known methods (see, for example, Synthesis, 1999, 1505 with respect to duocarmycin, Nat. Struct. Biol., 2002, 9, 337, Journal of Med. Chem., 2010, 53 (3), 1043 with regard to camptothecin, ChemMedChem, 201 1, 6 (1), 54 with respect to auristatin, Mol. Cancer, Thier., 2005, 4, 751 with respect to doxorubicin and J. Biol. Chem., 2008, 283, 9318. Pyrrolobenzodiazepine derivatives (PBD derivatives), see J. Med. Chem 2013, 56, 7564 and further references in the introduction, J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 1341, Oncology Reports 201 1, 26, 629)).
• This group of drugs includes e.g. Doxorubicin which has the following formula:
• Active ingredients cytotoxic agents
• cytotoxic agents as e.g. in International Patent Application WO2015 / 096982.
• kinesin spindle protein inhibitors of the following formula (II) are cytotoxic agents:
• X 3 is C
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is C
• X 3 stands for C.
• R 1 is -H, -L- # 1, -MOD or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z,
• Halogen atoms one to three mono-, di- or tri-halogenated
• Alkyl groups one to three -O-alkyl groups, one to three -SH-
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another represent -H, -IMH 2, or - (CH 2) o-3Z ',
• R 5 is -H, -IMH 2, -NO 2, halogen, -CN, CF 3 , -OCF 3 , -CH 2 F, -CH 2 F, -SH or - (CH 2 ) o-3Z,
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another represent -H, -IMH 2, or - (CH 2) o-3Z ',
• Y 3 is -H or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z '
• R 6 and R 7 are each independently -H, -CN, C 1-10 -alkyl, fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl .
• R 8 represents straight-chain or branched C 1-10 -alkyl, fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl,
• Heteroatoms selected from N, O and S which may be substituted by -OH, -COOH, -NH2 or -L- # 1,
• R 9 is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 ,
• -L- # 1 stands for - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) P ,
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally,
• Lb stands for a linker
• o and p are independently 0 or 1
• -MOD is - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3
• R 10 is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl-
• o 0 or 1
• Sulfonic acid may be substituted
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• Rx for -H, C-
• G3 is -H or -COOH
• -MOD has at least one, preferably two -COOH groups, and an amino group in -MOD with the legumain-cleavable group of the formula (la ') may be acylated, and their salts, solvates and salts of the solvates.
• Preferred compounds are those in which
• R 3 is L- # 1 or a C 1-10 alkyl, C 6-10 aryl or C 6-10 aralkyl, C 5-10
• Heteroalkyl, Ci-io-alkyl-0-C6-io-aryl or Cs-io-heterocycloalkyl group having one to three OH groups, one to three halogen atoms, one to three mono-, di- or tri-halogenated alkyl groups, one to three -O-alkyl groups, one to three -SH- Groups, one to three -S-alkyl groups, one to three -O-C ( O) -alkyl
• n 0, 1 or 2
• X 3 stands for N.
• kinesin spindle protein inhibitors used according to the invention have an amino group which is essential for the action.
• this amino group By modifying this amino group with peptide derivatives or asparagine derivatives, the action against the kinesin spindle protein is blocked and thus also the unfolding of a cytotoxic effect is inhibited.
• this peptide residue can be released by tumor-associated enzymes such as legume, the effect can be selectively restored in the tumor tissue. definitions
• substituted means that one or more hydrogens on the designated atom or group are replaced by a selection from the group indicated, provided that the normal valence of the designated atom has not been exceeded under the present circumstances becomes.
• optionally substituted means that the number of substituents may be the same or different from 0. Unless otherwise indicated, optionally substituted groups may be substituted by as many optional substituents as may be substituted by replacement of a hydrogen by a non-hydrogen substituent. Typically, the number of optional substituents (if present) may be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, especially 1, 2, or 3. As used herein, in the definition of the substituents of the compounds of the general formulas of the present invention, the term “one or more times” means "1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 1 , 2 or 3, most preferably 1 or 2 ".
• radicals are substituted in the compounds according to the invention, the radicals can, unless stated otherwise, be monosubstituted or polysubstituted.
• the meanings of all residues that occur multiple times are independent of each other. Substitution by one, two or three identical or different substituents is preferred. Substitution by a substituent is particularly preferred.
• Alkyl is a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent
• Hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 10 -alkyl), generally 1 to 6 (C 1 -C 6 -alkyl), preferably 1 to 4 (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl), and particularly preferably 1 to 3
• Carbon atoms (Ci-C 3 alkyl).
• Particularly preferred is a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl radical.
• Heteroalkyl is a straight-chain and / or branched hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which is mono- or polysubstituted by one or more of
• R x is -H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or phenyl.
• Alkenyl is a straight-chain or branched monovalent hydrocarbon chain having one or two double bonds and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms (C 2 -Cio-alkenyl), in particular 2 or 3 carbon atoms (C 2 -C3 alkenyl), it being understood that when the alkenyl group contains more than one double bond, the
• Double bonds can be isolated from each other or conjugated with each other.
• the alkenyl group is, for example, an ethenyl (or vinyl),
• Prop-2-en-1-yl (or “allyl”), prop-1 -en-1-yl, but-3-enyl, but-2-enyl, but-1-ynyl , Pent-4-enyl, pent-3-enyl, pent-2-enyl, pent-1-enyl, hex-5-enyl, hex-4-enyl,
• Penta-1, 4-dienyl or hexa-1 -5-dienyl group is vinyl or allyl.
• Alkynyl represents a straight-chain or branched monovalent hydrocarbon chain having one triple bond and having 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms (C 2 -C 10 -alkynyl), in particular 2 or 3 carbon atoms (C 2 -C 3) alkynyl).
• C2-C6-alkynyl group is, for example, an ethynyl, prop-1-vinyl,
• Prop-2-ynyl (or propargyl), but-1-ynyl, but-2-ynyl, but-3-ynyl, pent-1-ynyl, pent-2-ynyl, pentyl 3-inyl, pent-4-ynyl, hex-1-ynyl, hex-2-ynyl, hex-3-ynyl, hex-4-ynyl, hex-5-ynyl, 1-methylprop 2-inyl, 2-methylbut-3-ynyl, 1-methylbut-3-ynyl, 1-methylbut-2-ynyl,
• alkynyl group is ethynyl, prop-1-ynyl or prop-2-ynyl.
• Cycloalkyl is a saturated monohydric mono- or bicyclic
• Hydrocarbon radical having 3-12 carbon atoms (C3-Ci2-cycloalkyl).
• a monocyclic hydrocarbon radical is a monovalent
• Hydrocarbon radical having generally 3 to 10 (C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl), preferably 3 to 8 (C 5 -C 8 -cycloalkyl), and more preferably 3 to 7 (C 3 -C 7 -cycloalkyl)
• cyclopropyl cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl
• Particular preference is given to a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.
• bicyclic hydrocarbon radical for a hydrocarbon radical having usually 3 to 12 carbon atoms (C3-Ci2-cycloalkyl), which in this case is a fusion of two saturated ring systems to understand that share two directly adjacent atoms.
• Hydrocarbon radicals may be mentioned: bicyclo [2.2.0] hexyl, bicyclo [3.3.0] octyl,
• Heterocycloalkyl is a non-aromatic mono- or bicyclic ring system having one, two, three or four heteroatoms, which may be the same or different. As heteroatoms nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms can occur.
• a monocyclic ring system according to the present invention may have 3 to 8, preferably 4 to 7, particularly preferably 5 or 6 ring atoms.
• heterocycloalkyl having 3 ring atoms are: Aziridinyl
• heterocycloalkyl having 4 ring atoms examples and preferred are: Acetidinyl, Oxetanyk
• heterocycloalkyl having 5 ring atoms examples include: pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, dioxolanyl and tetrahydrofuranyl
• heterocycloalkyl having 6 ring atoms examples and preferred are: piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, dioxanyl, tetrahydropyranyl and
• heterocycloalkyl having 7 ring atoms are: azepanyl, oxepanyl, 1, 3-diazepanyl, 1, 4-diazepanyk
• heterocycloalkyl having 8 ring atoms Exemplary and preferred for a heterocycloalkyl having 8 ring atoms are: oxocanyl, Azocanyk
• monocyclic heterocycloalkyl are 4 to 7-membered saturated
• Heterocyclyl radicals having up to two heteroatoms from the series O, N and S are preferred. Particularly preferred are morpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl and Tetrahydrofuranyk
• a bicyclic ring system having one, two, three or four heteroatoms, which may be the same or different, may according to the present invention have from 6 to 12, preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms, with one, two, three or four carbon atoms against the same or different heteroatoms from the series O, N and S can be exchanged.
• Examples include: azabicyclo [3.3.0] octyl, azabicyclo [4.3.0] nonyl,
• perhydrocyclopenta [c] pyrrolyl perhydrofuro [3,2-c] pyridinyl, perhydropyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazinyl, perhydropyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrrolyl and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl.
• heterocycloalkoxy is particularly preferred.
• Heterocycloalkoxy is heterocycloalkyl which is connected via an -O- group to the remainder of the molecule.
• Alkoxy represents a linear or branched, saturated alkyl ether radical of the formula -O-alkyl having generally 1 to 6 (C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy), preferably 1 to 4 (C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy), and particularly preferably 1 to 3 ( C 1 -C 3 -alkoxy) carbon atoms.
• Aryl is a monovalent, mono- or bicyclic, aromatic carbon ring system consisting of carbon atoms. Examples are naphthyl and phenyl; preferred is phenyl or a phenyl radical.
• Heteroaryl means a monovalent monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic ring system having 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 ring atoms (a "5- to 14-membered heteroaryl" group), in particular 5, 6, 9 or 10 ring atoms, which contains at least one ring heteroatom and optionally one, two or three further ring heteroatoms from the group N, O and S and which is bonded via a ring carbon atom or optionally (if it allows the valency) via a ring nitrogen atom.
• the heteroaryl group may be a 5-membered heteroaryl group such as thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl or tetrazolyl; or a 6-membered heteroaryl group such as pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or triazinyl; or a tricyclic heteroaryl group such as carbazolyl, acridinyl or phenazinyl; or a 9-membered heteroaryl group such as, for example, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl,
• heteroaryl radicals include all possible isomeric forms thereof, e.g. Tautomers and positional isomers with respect to the point of attachment to the remainder of the molecule.
• pyridinyl includes pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl and pyridin-4-yl; or the term thienyl includes thien-2-yl and thien-3-yl.
• the binding valency may be on any aromatic compound
• Carbon atom or on a nitrogen atom Carbon atom or on a nitrogen atom.
• a monocyclic heteroaryl group according to the present invention has 5 or 6 ring atoms.
• heteroaryl radicals having one or two heteroatoms Preference is given to those heteroaryl radicals having one or two heteroatoms. Particularly preferred are one or two nitrogen atoms.
• heteroaryl radicals having 5 ring atoms include the rings:
• Oxadiazolyl triazolyl, tetrazolyl and thiadiazolyl.
• Heteroaryl radicals having 6 ring atoms include, for example, the rings: Pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl and triazinyl.
• a bicyclic heteroaryl group according to the present invention has 9 or 10
• heteroaryl radicals having 9 ring atoms include the rings:
• Heteroaryl radicals with 10 ring atoms include, for example, the rings:
• Heteroaryl-alkyl is a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 10 -alkyl), to which a heteroaryl radical is bound as defined above.
• a heteroaryl radical is bound as defined above.
• this is meant e.g. a group C5-io-heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl
• aralkoxy or arylalkoxy is meant a linear or branched, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 10 -alkyl), to which an aryl radical as defined above is bonded.
• aryl radical as defined above is bonded.
• this is meant e.g. a group C6-io-aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy-.
• Aryloxy represents an aryl radical, the formula aryl-O-.
• the hydrocarbon chain including the
• R y is in each case -H, phenyl, C-
• R x is -H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or phenyl.
• Halogen or halogen atom in the context of the invention is fluorine (-F), chlorine (-CI), bromine (-Br), or iodine (-1).
• the kinesin spindle protein inhibitors (cytotoxic agent) of the present invention preferably have the following formula (IIa):
• X 3 is N
• Xs stands for C.
• R 1 is -H, -L- # 1, -MOD or - (CH 2 ) 0 - 3 Z,
• Y 1 and Y 2 are independently -H, -NH 2 , - ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2 0) ⁇ -3- ( ⁇ 2 ) ⁇ -3 ⁇ '
• w is -H or -OH
• ⁇ 4 is linear or branched Ci-6 alkyl, optionally with
• ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 independently of one another represent -H, -NH 2 , or - (CH 2 ) o-3Z ',
• ⁇ 3 is -H or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z '
• ⁇ 4 is linear or branched C1-6 alkyl, optionally with
• ⁇ 6 is linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl, -MOD, -L- # 1, or an optionally substituted alkyl,
• Ci-10-alkyl fluoro-Ci-10 alkyl, C 2- io-alkenyl -, fluoro- C 2- io-alkenyl, C 2- io-alkynyl, fluoro-C 2-io-alkynyl, hydroxy, -N0 2, -NH 2, -COOH, or halogen, represent straight-chain or branched Ci-10-alkyl, fluoro-Ci-10 alkyl, C 2- io alkenyl, C 2- fluoro-io alkenyl, C 2- io-alkynyl or fluoro-C 2-io-alkynyl , or is C4-io-cycloalkyl, fluoro-C4-io-cycloalkyl or - (CH 2 ) o- 2 - (HZ 2 ),
• R 9 is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 ,
• -L- # 1 stands for - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) P ,
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally,
• Lb stands for a linker, o and p are independently 0 or 1,
• -MOD is - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3
• R 10 is -H or Ci-C 3 alkyl
• n 0 or 1
• o 0 or 1
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• 0 "alkynyl, each containing -NH-C ( O) -NH 2 , -COOH, -OH, -NH 2 , sulfonamide, sulfone,
• Rx for -H, C-
• G3 is -H or -COOH
• -MOD has at least one, preferably two -COOH groups and
• an amino group in -MOD may be acylated with the legume-cleavable group of formula (Ia '),
• R 3 is L- # 1 or a C 1-10 alkyl, C 6-10 aryl or C 6-10 aralkyl, C 5-10
• Xi is CH or CF
• Xi is NH
• Xi stands for CH
• Xi stands for CH
• R 1 is preferably - MOD.
• R 4 is -L- # 1 and R 1 is -MOD if R 3 is not -MOD.
• R 2 is preferably -H.
• R 3 is preferably
• Alkyl here is preferably C 1 -C 3 -alkyl
• R 5 is preferably -H or -F.
• R 6 and R 7 are each independently -H, Ci-io-alkyl, fluoro-Ci-io-alkyl, C 2 -io-alkenyl, fluoro-C 2 -io-alkenyl -, C 2 -io-alkynyl, fluoro-C 2-io-alkynyl, hydroxy or halogen.
• R 8 is the group-C (CHs) 2- (CH 2) -R y , wherein R y is -H.
• R 9 is preferably -H or -F.
• -MOD is preferably the group
• x is a number from 2 to 6
• -MOD is particularly preferably the group
• a binder which is bound to a receptor of a tumor cell internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally, is a linker independently of one another representing 0 or 1 which represents - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3 , is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, is 0 or 1,
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• R 5 is -H
• R 6 and R 7 are fluorine
• R 8 is t-butyl
• R 9 is -H
• -L- # 1 stands for - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) P ,
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally,
• Lb stands for a linker
• o and p independently of one another are 0 or 1, and their salts, solvates and salts of the solvates.
• Ci-3-alkyl is particularly preferred.
• X 3 is N
• R 1 is -L- # 1, -H, or -MO D
• LIG stands for a binder which, after binding to a receptor of a tumor cell, is internalized by the tumor cell and processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally.
• Lb is a linker, o and p independently of one another are 0 or 1, -MOD is the group - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3,
• R 10 is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, n is 0,
• R y is -H or C-
• C 0 alkyl which is substituted by -NH-C ( O) -NH 2 , -COOH,
• R 2 is -H, for -L- # 1, R 4 for the legume-cleavable group of formulas (la ')
• R 5 is -H
• R 6 and R 7 are fluorine
• R 8 is t-butyl
• R 9 is -H
• -L- # 1 stands for - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) P ,
• LIG stands for a binder that binds to a receptor after binding
• Tumor cell is internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly and preferably lysosomally,
• Lb stands for a linker
• o and p are independently 0 or 1
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is C
• X 3 stands for C.
• R 1 is -MOD
• -MOD is the group - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• Rx for -H, C-
• G3 stands for -H or -COOH
• R 2 is -H
• R 4 is -H
• R 5 is -H, -NH 2 , -NO 2 , halogen, -CN, CF 3 , -OCF 3 , -CH 2 F, -CH 2 F, -SH or - (CH 2 ) 0 - 3 Z,
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another are -H, -NH 2 , or - (CH 2 ) o-3Z ',
• Y 3 is -H or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z '
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are -H, -CN, C 1 -10-alkyl, fluoro-C 1 -10-alkyl,
• C 2- io-alkenyl, C 2- fluoro-io alkenyl, C 2- io-alkynyl, fluoro-C 2-io alkynyl, hydroxy, -N0 2, -NH 2, -COOH or Halogen stand, for straight-chain or branched C 1-10 -alkyl, fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl, C 2-10 -alkenyl, fluoro-C 2-10 -alkenyl, C 2-10 -alkynyl or fluorinated C 2-1 -alkynyl-, or is C4-io-cycloalkyl- or fluoro-C4-io-cycloalkyl-,
• X 3 is N
• R 1 is -MOD
• -MOD is the group - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3
• R 10 is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, n is 0,
• Sulfonic acid may be substituted
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• X 3 is C
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is C
• X 3 stands for C.
• Sulfonic acid may be substituted
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• Rx for -H, C-
• R 2 is -H
• R 3 represents an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
• R 4 is -H
• R 5 is -H, -IMH 2, -NO 2, halo, -CN, CF 3 , -OCF 3 , -CH 2 F, -CH 2 F, -SH or - (CH 2 ) o -3Z stands,
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another are -H, -IMH 2, or - (CH 2 ) o-3Z ', Y 3 is -H or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z',
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are -H, -CN, C 1 -10-alkyl, fluoro-C 1 -10-alkyl,
• R 8 represents straight-chain or branched C 1-10 -alkyl, fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl,
• R 9 is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 , and their salts, solvates and salts of the solvates.
• R 9 is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 , and their salts, solvates and salts of the solvates.
• X 3 is N
• R 1 is the group * - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -NH- ** ,
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• Sulfonamide, sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted
• R 4 is -H
• R 5 is -H
• R 6 and R 7 are fluorine
• R 8 is t-butyl
• R 9 is -H
• R 1 is -H, -L- # 1, -COOH
• R 2 is -H
• -CH (CH 3) OCH 3 a phenyl group which may be substituted by one to three halogen atoms, one to three amino groups, one to three alkyl groups or one to three haloalkyl groups,
• x is 0 or 1
• Y 5 is -H or -NHY 6 ,
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are -H, C 1-3 -alkyl or halogen
• R 8 is Ci-4-alkyl-
• R 9 stands for -H.
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another represent hydrogen or fluorine
• R 8 is tert-butyl
• R 1 is -H, -COOH
• R 2 is -H
• Y 5 is -H or -NHY 6 ,
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are -H, C 1-3 -alkyl or halogen
• R 8 is C 1-4 -alkyl
• R 9 is -H
• R 6 and R 7 are -F and
• R 8 is tert-butyl
• R 7 , R 8 and R 9 have the meanings given in the general formula (IIa) and
• B represents a single bond, -O-CH 2 - or -CH 2 -O-,
• R 20 is -NH 2 , -F, -CF 3 , or -CH 3 and
• n 0, 1, or 2.
• Preferred compounds of this type are those of the general formula (IIb) in which X.sup.1 is CH,
• X 3 stands for N.
• X 1 , X 2 , X 3 A, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are as defined in general formula (IIa)
• Preferred compounds of this type are those of the general formula (IIc) in which X.sup.1 is CH,
• X 2 is C, X 3 is N,
• R 3 is -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 OCH 3 , -CH (CH 3 ) OH or -CH (CH 3 ) OCH 3 .
• Xi stands for CH
• X 2 is C
• X 3 is N
• R 3 is -CH 2 -S x - (CH 2 ) o-4-CHY 5 -COOH
• x is 0 or 1
• Y 5 stands for -H or -NHY 6
• R 1 is - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z
• Y 1 is -H, -NH 2 , or - (CH 2 CH 2 O) o-3- (CH 2 ) o-3 Z ';
• Y 2 is - (CH 2 CH 2 O) o-3- (CH 2 ) 0 -3Z 'and
• Y 2 is - (CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 -CH 2 CH 2 Z 'and
• Y 2 is -CH 2 CH 2 Z '
• Y 2 is -CH 2 CH 2 Z '
• Y 2 is -CH 2 CH 2 Z '
• Y 2 is -CH 2 CH 2 Z '
• Y 4 is aryl or benzyl optionally substituted with -NH 2 ; Y 4 is aminobenzyl;
• R 2 is - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z
• Y 3 has the meaning given above;
• Y 5 is -H
• Y 4 and Y 6 have the meanings given above; Y 4 is linear or branched C 1-6 alkyl, optionally with
• -MOD is - (NR 10) n - (G) o- G2 - G3 is,
• R 10 is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl
• o 0 or 1
• R y is -H, phenyl, C-
• o-alkynyl, each containing -NH-C ( O) -NH 2 , -COOH, -OH, -NH 2 , sulfonamide,
• Sulfone, sulfoxide, or sulfonic acid may be substituted, Rx for -H, C-
• G3 is -H or -COOH
• group -MOD preferably has at least one or preferably two -COOH groups, and an amino group in -MOD can be acylated with the legumain-cleavable group of the formula (Ia ').
• the group -MOD has at least one -COOH group, e.g. in a beta group.
• this -COOH group is terminal all the time.
• the group -MOD is the group
• x is 0 or 1
• Y 5 stands for -H or -NHY 6
• X 2 stands for N and X 3 is C
• X 3 is N
• Xi is CH or CF
• X 3 is N
• Xi is NH
• X 3 is C
• Xi is CH or CF
• X 3 is C, -H, -L- # 1, -MOD or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z,
• R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are -H, -CN, C 1 -10-alkyl, fluoro-C 1 -10-alkyl,
• R 8 represents straight-chain or branched C 1-10 -alkyl, fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl, C 2-10-
• R 9 is Is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 ,
• -MOD is the group - (NR 10 ) n - (G 1 ) 0 -G 2 -G 3
• R 10 is -H or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl-
• n 0 or 1
• o 0 or 1
• C 3 alkyl or phenyl stands,
• G3 is -H or -COOH and wherein the group -MOD preferably has at least one group -COOH and in which R 1 and R 3 are not simultaneously -L- # 1,
• Xi stands for CH
• X 3 stands for N.
• particular preference is furthermore given to the compounds of the general formulas (I la), (Ib), (Ib) and (Idb) in which, for a Ci-10-alkyl, C6-io-aryl, C6-io Aralkyl, Cs-io-heteroalkyl,
• X 3 is C
• X 3 is N
• Xi is CH or CF
• X 3 is N
• X 3 is C
• Xi is CH or CF
• X 3 is C, -H, -L- # 1, -MOD or - (CH 2 ) o- 3 Z,
• R 3 is L- # 1, -MOD or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl,
• -H, -S ( O) 3 H, -IMH2 or -COOH, independently of one another represent -H or halogen, represents straight-chain or branched C 1-10 -alkyl or fluoro-C 1-10 -alkyl-, is -H, -F, -CH 3 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 F or -CHF 2 , the group - (Lb) 0 - (LIG) P is, stands for a binder which, after binding to a Receptor one
• Tumor cell is internalized by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally, is a linker, o and p are each independently 0 or 1, -MOD is -CH 2 -Sx- (CH 2 ) o-4-CHY 5 -COOH,
• x is 0 or 1
• Y 5 is -H or -NHY 6 ,
• R 1 and R 3 are not simultaneously L- # 1, and their salts, solvates and salts of the solvates.
• Xi stands for CH
• X 3 stands for N.
• R 3 is a C 1-10 -alkyl-, C 6-10 -aryl or C 6-10 -aralkyl- , Cs-io-heteroalkyl-,
• Y 1 and Y 2 independently of one another represent -H, -IM H2, or - (CH 2) o-3Z ',
• alkyl is preferably C1-C10-alkyl.
• halogen is fluorine (-F), chlorine (-CI) and bromine (-Br).
• R 1 , R 2 and R 5 are -H and R 4 has the meanings given in the general formula (IIa).
• Binder that binds to a receptor of a tumor cell
• the term "binder” is broadly understood to mean a molecule that binds to a target molecule that binds to a particular binding agent
• binder is to be understood in its broadest interpretation and includes e.g. also lectins, proteins that can bind certain sugar chains, or phospholipid-binding proteins.
• binders include, for example, high molecular weight proteins (binding proteins), polypeptides or
• Binding proteins are, for example, antibodies and antibody fragments or antibody mimetics such as Affibodies, Adnectins, Anticalins, DARPins, Avimers, Nanobodies (review article by Gebauer M. et al., Curr. Opinion in Chem. Biol. 2009; 13: 245-255; Nuttall SD et al., Curr. Opinion in Pharmacology 2008; 8: 608-617).
• Binding peptides are, for example, ligands of a ligand-receptor pair, such as VEGF of the ligand receptor pair VEGF / KDR, such as transferrin of the ligand Receptor pair transferrin / transferrin receptor or cytokine / cytokine receptor such as TNFalpha of the ligand receptor pair TNFalpha / TNFalpha receptor.
• ligands of a ligand-receptor pair such as VEGF of the ligand receptor pair VEGF / KDR
• transferrin of the ligand Receptor pair transferrin / transferrin receptor or cytokine / cytokine receptor such as TNFalpha of the ligand receptor pair TNFalpha / TNFalpha receptor.
• the prodrugs according to the invention preferably contain a binder which can bind to a receptor of a tumor cell and is usually internalized after binding to the receptor by the tumor cell and is processed intracellularly, preferably lysosomally.
• This binder may either be linked to the group cleavable by the enzyme legumain, if appropriate via a linker, so that after cleavage of the legume-cleavable group the active substance is present separately from the binder or a derivative thereof.
• -D in the general formula (la) represents -D-
• and R in the general formula (Ia) represents (L c ) r -LIG (Embodiment A).
• the binder may optionally be linked to the active substance molecule via a linker, so that after cleavage of the legume-cleavable group, the active ingredient is present together with the binder or a derivative thereof.
• the compounds of the embodiment A preferably have the following general formula (III '):
• n, r, LIG, La, Lc, and Di are those given in the general formula (Ia)
• the compounds of the embodiment B preferably have the following general formula (IV):
• n, o, R, LIG, La, Lb and Di have the meanings given in the general formula (Ia).
• the binder LIG is usually a peptide, protein or derivative thereof.
• the peptide or derivative thereof is preferably selected from octreotide, GnRH-III, [D-Tyr 6 , ⁇ -Ala 11 , Phe 13 , Nle 14 ] BN (6-14), NT (8-13), c (RGDfK ), HSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILN-NH2 (SEQ ID NO: 161),
• NAPamide [Phe 7 , Pro 34 ] NPY, HER2-targeting peptide, ATEPRKQYATPRVFWTDAPG (SEQ ID NO: 162) or LQWRRDDNVHNFGVWARYRL (SEQ ID NO: 163) [the peptide sequences are given in the common 1-letter code for amino acids here]. It is possible to detect additional peptide sequences using a screening method as described in Umlauf et al., Bioconj. Chem. 2014, Oct. 15; 25 (10): 1829-37.
• the peptide may be linked directly (eg, with its C-terminus) to the N-terminus of the legume-cleavable group through a peptide bond. It is also possible that the peptide is linked to the N via a linker Lc. Terminus of the legumain-cleavable group is bound, with the linker
• peptide preferably attached to the C- or N-terminus of the peptide or to a lysine or cysteine side chain of the peptide.
• the peptide may be bound directly to the drug molecule.
• the peptide is linked to the drug molecule via a linker Lb, the linker preferably being attached to the C- or N-terminus of the peptide or to a lysine or cysteine side chain of the peptide.
• the binding of Lb or the peptide is usually carried out by substitution of an H atom in the drug molecule.
• Binder LIG is an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment or derivative thereof which binds to an extracellular target molecule of a tumor cell.
• LIG is particularly preferably an antibody or fragment thereof to which or to which one or more cytotoxic active substance molecules are bound.
• ADCs antibody-drug conjugates
• AB represents an antibody
• s represents a number from 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6 such as 4 ,
• Di is preferably a compound of the general formula (IIa), (IIb), (IIc), (IId), (V), (VI) or (VII) wherein one substituent selected from R 1 , R 2 , R 3 R 4 , R 8 does not have the meanings given above under the general formulas (IIa), (IIb), (IIc), (IId), (V), (VI) and (VII), but for a bond to La , ie the self-immolative linker or a bond to a carbonyl group.
• the compounds according to the invention are antibody prodrug conjugates (APDCs) of the following general formula (IVa '):
• D 1 is preferably a compound represented by the general formulas (IIa), (IIb), (IIc), (Id), (V), (VI) or (VII), wherein a substituent R 4 does not satisfy the above general formula (IIa), (IIb), (IIc), (lld), (V), (VI) or (VII) has the meaning given, but represents the bond to La or a carbonyl group.
• the antibody (such as AB in the above general formulas (IIIa) and (IVa) is
• a human, humanized or chimeric monoclonal antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof in particular an anti-TWEAKR antibody, an anti-EGFR antibody, an anti-B7H3 antibody or an anti-HER2 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
• an anti-TWEAKR antibody an anti-EGFR antibody
• an anti-B7H3 antibody an anti-HER2 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
• the anti-TWEAKR antibodies TPP-7006, TPP-7007 and TPP-10337
• the anti-B7H3 antibodies TPP-8382 and TPP-8567
• the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab (TPP-981) and the anti - HER2 antibodies trastuzumab and TPP-1015 or an antigen-binding fragment of these are particularly preferred.
• conjugation of organic molecules to antibodies
• the conjugation to the antibody is preferably via one or more sulfur atoms of cysteine residues of the antibody and / or via one or more NH groups of lysine residues of the antibody.
• target molecule is broadly understood to be a molecule present in the target cell population, and may be a protein (eg, a growth factor receptor) or a non-peptidic molecule (eg, a sugar or phospholipid) Receptor or an antigen.
• extracellular target molecule describes a cell-bound one
• Target molecule which is located on the outside of a cell or the part of a target molecule, which is located on the outside of a cell, i.
• An antibody can bind to an extracellular target molecule on an intact cell.
• An extracellular targeting molecule may be anchored in the cell membrane or be part of the cell membrane. The person skilled in the art knows methods to identify extracellular target molecules. For proteins, this can be achieved by determining the transmembrane domain (s) and the
• Orientation of the protein in the membrane happen. This information is usually stored in protein databases (e.g., SwissProt).
• protein databases e.g., SwissProt
• cancer target molecule describes a target molecule that is more abundant on one or more types of cancer cells as compared to non-cancerous cells of the same tissue type
• the cancer target molecule is on one or more cancer cell types compared to non-cancer cells of the same tissue type selectively present, with selective at least two-fold accumulation on cancer cells in the Describes the comparison with non-cancer cells of the same tissue type (a "selective cancer target molecule”) .
• selective cancer target molecule allows the selective therapy of cancer cells with the conjugates of the invention.
• binder is understood to mean a binder peptide, a derivative of a binder peptide, a binder protein or a derivative of a binder protein.
• the binder is linked to the linker via a bond.
• the linkage of the binder can be effected by means of a heteroatom of the binder.
• Heteroatoms of the binder according to the invention which can be used for linking are:
• Nitrogen via a primary or secondary amine group.
• the term "binder” means an antibody.
• heteroatoms listed above may be present in the natural antibody or introduced by chemical or molecular biological methods.
• the linkage of the antibody with the organic radical in formula (I) has only a small influence on the binding activity of the antibody to
• the linkage has no influence on the binding activity of the binder to the target molecule.
• an immunoglobulin molecule preferably comprises a molecule having four polypeptide chains, two heavy chains (H chains) and two light chains (L chains), which are typically linked by disulfide bridges.
• Each heavy chain comprises a heavy chain variable domain (abbreviated VH) and heavy chain constant domain.
• the heavy chain constant domain may comprise three domains CH1, CH2 and CH3.
• Each light chain comprises a variable domain (abbreviated VL) and a constant domain.
• the constant Light chain domain comprises a domain (abbreviated CL).
• VH and VL domains can be further subdivided into regions of hypervariability, also called complementarity determining regions (abbreviated to CDR) and regions of lower sequence variability (FR).
• CDR complementarity determining regions
• FR regions of lower sequence variability
• Each VH and VL region typically consists of three CDRs and up to four FRs. For example, from the amino terminus to
• An antibody can be obtained from any suitable species, e.g. Rabbit, llama, camel, mouse, or rat. In one embodiment, the antibody is of human or murine origin. An antibody can e.g. be humane, humanized or chimeric.
• monoclonal antibody refers to antibodies obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies, ie, individual antibodies of the population are identical except for naturally occurring mutations which can occur in small numbers.Monoclonal antibodies recognize with high specificity a single antigenic binding site The term monoclonal antibody does not refer to a particular manufacturing process.
• the term "intact" antibody refers to antibodies comprising both an antigen-binding domain and the light and heavy chain constant domain
• the constant domain may be a naturally occurring domain, or a variant thereof in which multiple amino acid positions are altered were.
• modified intact antibody refers to intact antibodies that have been fused to another non-antibody polypeptide or protein via their amino terminus or carboxy-terminus via a covalent bond (eg, a peptide linkage) modified to introduce reactive cysteines at defined sites to facilitate coupling to a toxophore (see Junutula et al., Nat Biotechnol., 2008 Aug; 26 (8): 925-32).
• a covalent bond eg, a peptide linkage
• human antibody refers to antibodies that can be obtained from a human or are synthetic human antibodies
• a "synthetic” human antibody is an antibody that is available in part or in full as a whole from synthetic sequences in silico that are based on the Human analysis
• Antibody sequences are based.
• a human antibody can e.g. by a
• An example of such antibodies is in Söderlind et al., Nature Biotech. 2000, 18: 853-856.
• humanized or chimeric antibody describes antibodies consisting of a non-human and a human sequence portion.
• Antibodies a part of the sequences of the human immunoglobulin (recipient) is replaced by sequence portions of a non-human immunoglobulin (donor).
• the donor is a murine immunoglobulin in many cases.
• Amino acids of the CDR of the recipient replaced by amino acids of the donor.
• CDR complementarity determining region
• Each variable region typically has three CDR regions, referred to as CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3.
• Each CDR region may comprise amino acids as defined by Kabat and / or amino acids of a hypervariable loop defined by Chotia.
• the Kabat definition includes, for example, the region of approximately amino acid position 24-34 (CDR1), 50-56 (CDR2) and 89-97 (CDR3) of the variable light chain and 31-35 (CDR1), 50-65 (CDR2). and 95-102 (CDR3) variable heavy chain (Kabat et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. (1991)).
• the definition according to Chotia includes the region of approximately amino acid position 26-32 (CDR1), 50-52 (CDR2) and 91-96 (CDR3) of the variable light chain and 26-32 (CDR1), 53-55 (CDR2).
• a CDR may comprise amino acids from a CDR region as defined by Kabat and Chotia.
• antibodies can be divided into different classes. There are five major classes of intact antibodies: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM, several of which can be broken down into other subclasses. (Isotypes), eg IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2.
• the heavy chain constant domain corresponding to the different classes are referred to as [alpha / a], [delta / ⁇ ], [epsilon / ⁇ ], [gamma / ⁇ ] and [my / ⁇ ]. Both the three-dimensional structure and the subunit structure of antibodies are known.
• the term "functional fragment” or "antigen-binding antibody fragment" of an antibody / immunoglobulin is defined as a fragment of an antibody
• Antibodies / immunoglobulins e.g., the variable domains of an IgG which still comprise the antigen binding domains of the antibody / immunoglobulin.
• the "antigen binding domain" of an antibody typically comprises one or more
• Hypervariable regions of an antibody e.g. the CDR, CDR2 and / or CDR3 region.
• the "framework" or “framework” region of an antibody may also play a role in binding the antibody to the antigen.
• the framework region provides the framework for the CDRs.
• the antigen binding domain comprises at least amino acids 4 to 103 of the variable light chain and amino acids 5 to 109 of the variable heavy chain, more preferably amino acids 3 to 107 of the variable light chain and 4 to 11 of the variable heavy chain are particularly preferred the complete variable light and heavy chains, so amino acid 1 - 109 of the VL and 1 to 1 13 of the VH (numbering according to WO97 / 08320).
• “Functional fragments” or “antigen-binding antibody fragments” of the invention do not exhaustively include Fab, Fab ', F (ab') 2 and Fv fragments, diabodies, single domain antibodies (DAbs), linearae antibodies, single chain antibodies (single-chain Fv , abbreviated scFv); and multi-specific, e.g. bi- and tri-specific antibodies formed from antibody fragments C.
• DAbs single domain antibodies
• single chain antibodies single chain antibodies
• scFv single chain antibodies
• Multispecific antibodies are those with identical binding sites. Multispecific antibodies may be specific for
• An F (ab ') 2 or Fab molecule can be designed to reduce or completely prevent the number of intermolecular disulfide interactions that occur between the Chi and CL domains.
• Epitopic determinants refers to protein determinants that can specifically bind to an immunoglobulin or T cell receptor Epitopic determinants usually consist of chemically active surface groups of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains, or combinations thereof, and typically have specific 3-dimensional structural properties such as also specific charge characteristics.
• “Functional fragments” or “antigen-binding antibody fragments” may be fused to another non-antibody polypeptide or protein via their amino-terminus or carboxy-terminus via a covalent bond (e.g., a peptide linkage). Furthermore, antibodies and antigen-binding fragments can be modified to introduce reactive cysteines at defined sites to facilitate coupling to a toxophore (see Junutula et al., Nat Biotechnol., 2008 Aug; 26 (8): 925-32) ).
• Monoclonal antibodies can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
• Monoclonal antibodies can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art (Köhler and Milstein, Nature, 256, 495-497, 1975).
• Humanized humanized monoclonal antibodies can be used for the
• Amino acid sequences of a variety of antibodies which were created from a large number of healthy volunteers.
• Antibodies can also be made by known recombinant DNA technology.
• the nucleic acid sequence of an antibody can be obtained by routine sequencing, or is available from publicly available databases.
• An "isolated" antibody or binder has been purified from other components of the cell Contaminating components of a cell that may interfere with a diagnostic or therapeutic use are, for example, enzymes, hormones, or other peptidic or non-peptidic components of a cell an antibody or binder which is greater than 95% by weight of the antibody or Binder was purified (determined by eg Lowry method, UV-Vis spectroscopy or by SDS capillary gel electrophoresis).
• an antibody which has been purified to the extent that at least 15 amino acids of the amino terminus or an internal amino acid sequence can be determined, or purified to homogeneity, the homogeneity is determined by SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions (the detection can by means Coomassie blue staining or preferably determined by silver staining).
• an antibody is usually produced by one or more purification steps.
• the term “specific binding” or “specific binding” refers to one
• Antibody or binder that binds to a predetermined antigen / target molecule typically describes an antibody or binding with an affinity of at least 10 "7 M_ (as Kd value, so preferably those with smaller Kd values than 10" ⁇ M), wherein the antibody or a binder has at least two-fold higher affinity for the predetermined antigen / target molecule than for a non-specific antigen / target molecule (eg, bovine serum albumin, or casein) that is not the predetermined antigen / target molecule or a closely related antigen / target molecule.
• Specific binding of an antibody or binder does not preclude the antibody or binder from binding to multiple antigens / target molecules (eg, orthologs from different species).
• the antibodies preferably have an affinity of at least 10 " ⁇ M (as Kd value, so preferably those with smaller Kd values than 10 ⁇ 7 M), preferably at least 10" 8 M, more preferably in the range of 10 -9 M to KT M on.
• Kd values can be determined by eg
• the antibody-drug conjugates of the invention also have affinities in these areas.
• affinity is not significantly affected by the conjugation of the drugs (as a rule, the affinity becomes less than one)
• the antibodies used according to the invention are furthermore preferably characterized by a high selectivity.
• a high selectivity is present when the
• Antibodies according to the invention have an affinity to the target protein which is better by at least a factor of 2, preferably factor 5 or particularly preferably factor 10 than on an independent other antigen, eg human serum albumin (the affinity can be determined, for example, by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy).
• the antibodies used according to the invention are preferably cross-reactive. In order to facilitate and better interpret preclinical studies, eg toxicological or efficacy studies (eg in xenograft mice), it is advantageous if the antibody used according to the invention binds not only the human target protein but also in the species used for the studies the species target protein binds.
• the antibody used according to the invention is, in addition to the human target protein, cross-reactive to the target protein of at least one other species.
• species of the family rodents, dogs and non-human primates are preferably used.
• Preferred rodent species are mouse and rat.
• Preferred non-human primates are rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees and long-tailed macaques.
• the antibody used according to the invention is cross-reactive to the target protein of at least one other species selected from the group of species consisting of mouse, rat and
• Macaca fascicularis Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Particularly preferred
• Antibodies used according to the invention which, in addition to the human target protein, are at least cross-reactive with the mouse target protein. Preference is given to cross-reactive antibodies whose affinity for the target protein of the further non-human species does not differ by more than a factor of 50, in particular not more than a factor of ten, from the affinity for the human target protein.
• the target molecule against which the binder e.g. an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, a cancer target molecule.
• cancer target molecule describes a target molecule that is more abundant on one or more types of cancer cells as compared to non-cancerous cells of the same tissue type, Preferably, the cancer target molecule is on one or more cancer cell types compared to non-cancer cells of the same tissue type selectively present, selectively expressing at least two-fold accumulation on cancer cells compared to non-cancer cells of the same tissue type (a "selective cancer target molecule").
• Antibodies that are specifically directed against an antigen may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art by methods known to those in the art (such as recombinant expression) or purchased commercially (such as from Merck KGaA, Germany). Examples of known commercially available antibodies in cancer therapy are Erbitux® (Cetuximab, Merck KGaA), Avastin® (Bevacizumab, Roche) and Herceptin® (Trastuzumab, Genentech).
• the antibody is produced recombinantly in CHO cells.
• the target molecule is a selective cancer target molecule.
• the target molecule is a protein.
• the target molecule is an extracellular target molecule.
• the extracellular target molecule is a protein.
• Cancer target molecules are known to the person skilled in the art. Examples of this are listed below.
• cancer target molecules are:
• EGFR EGF receptor, NCBI reference sequence NP_005219.2, NCBI genes ID: 1956
• Mesothelin StewissProt reference Q13421-3
• Amino acids 37-286 encode "megakaryocyte-potentiating factor”.
• Mesothelin is anchored in the cell membrane by a GPI anchor and is localized extracellularly.
• CD52 NCBI reference sequence NP_001794.2
• HER2 (ERBB2; NCBI Reference Sequence NP_004439.2; NCBI Gene ID: 2064)
• CD20 NCBI reference sequence NP_068769.2
• lymphocyte activation antigen CD30 (SwissProt ID P28908)
• lymphocyte adhesion molecule CD22 (SwissProt ID P20273, NCBI genes ID: 933)
• myloid cell surface antigen CD33 (SwissProt ID P20138, NCBI genes ID: 945)
• the B lymphocyte antigen CD19 (SwissProt ID P15391, NCBI Gene ID: 930)
• the prostate-specific membrane antigen PSMA (Swiss Prot ID: Q04609, NCBI genes ID: 2346)
• the tyrosine protein kinase EPHA2 (Swiss Prot ID: P29317, NCBI genes ID: 1969)
• Ephrin receptor EPHB2 (SwissProt: P29323)
• the B cell antigen receptor complex associated protein CD79a (SwissProt: P1 1912) (45) the receptor protein CXCR5 (CD185; SwissProt: P32302; NCBI genes ID 643, NCBI reference sequence: NP_001707.1)
• T-cell protein VTCN1 SwissProt: Q7Z7D3
• TWEAKR FN14, TNFRSF12A, NCBI reference sequence: NP_057723.1, NCBI genes ID: 51330
• lymphocyte antigen CD37 (Swiss Prot: P1 1049, NCBI Gene ID: 951)
• the FGF receptor 2; FGFR2 (NCBI gene ID: 2263; Official symbol: FGFR2).
• the FGFR2 receptor occurs in different splice variants (alpha, beta, IIIb, IIIc). All splice variants can act as a target molecule.
• NCBI genes ID: 960 the cell surface glycoprotein CD44 (NCBI genes ID: 960)
• CDH15 cadherin 15, NCBI genes ID: 1013)
• NCBI genes ID: 4233 the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met (NCBI genes ID: 4233)
• NCBI genes ID: 10683 the Notch ligand DLL3
• Ephrin A4 (67) Ephrin A4 (EFNA4, NCBI Gene ID: 1945)
• folate receptor 1 (FOLR1, NCBI gene ID: 2348)

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