EP3556683A1 - Lanière de fixation - Google Patents

Lanière de fixation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3556683A1
EP3556683A1 EP19168864.7A EP19168864A EP3556683A1 EP 3556683 A1 EP3556683 A1 EP 3556683A1 EP 19168864 A EP19168864 A EP 19168864A EP 3556683 A1 EP3556683 A1 EP 3556683A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strand
opening
eyelet
diameter
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19168864.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3556683B1 (fr
Inventor
Harms Lefnaer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3556683A1 publication Critical patent/EP3556683A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3556683B1 publication Critical patent/EP3556683B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D63/00Flexible elongated elements, e.g. straps, for bundling or supporting articles
    • B65D63/10Non-metallic straps, tapes, or bands; Filamentary elements, e.g. strings, threads or wires; Joints between ends thereof
    • B65D63/1018Joints produced by application of integral securing members, e.g. buckles, wedges, tongue and slot, locking head and teeth or the like
    • B65D63/1027Joints produced by application of integral securing members, e.g. buckles, wedges, tongue and slot, locking head and teeth or the like the integral securing member being formed as a female and male locking member, e.g. locking head and locking teeth, or the like
    • B65D63/1063Joints produced by application of integral securing members, e.g. buckles, wedges, tongue and slot, locking head and teeth or the like the integral securing member being formed as a female and male locking member, e.g. locking head and locking teeth, or the like the female locking member being provided with at least one plastic barb
    • B65D63/1081Joints produced by application of integral securing members, e.g. buckles, wedges, tongue and slot, locking head and teeth or the like the integral securing member being formed as a female and male locking member, e.g. locking head and locking teeth, or the like the female locking member being provided with at least one plastic barb with barbs situated on opposite sides of, or concentrically in, the female locking member
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2563/00Flexible elongated elements, e.g. straps for bundling or supporting atricles
    • B65D2563/10Non-metallic straps, tapes or bands; Filamentary elements, e.g. strings, threads, wires; Joints between ends thereof
    • B65D2563/101Details of non-metallic straps, tapes or bands
    • B65D2563/103Details of non-metallic straps, tapes or bands details of the male locking member, e.g. locking teeth on the strap
    • B65D2563/105Details of non-metallic straps, tapes or bands details of the male locking member, e.g. locking teeth on the strap formed as spheres, cones, pyramids or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2563/00Flexible elongated elements, e.g. straps for bundling or supporting atricles
    • B65D2563/10Non-metallic straps, tapes or bands; Filamentary elements, e.g. strings, threads, wires; Joints between ends thereof
    • B65D2563/101Details of non-metallic straps, tapes or bands
    • B65D2563/108Appendages formed with/on the strap for purposes other than joining, releasing or bundling, e.g. for fixing the strap to a wall, label plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fastening binder, in particular a lightning bolt, for providing attachment loops.
  • Fixing ties are known in the art. They find use in many applications as a quick-to-use and inexpensive connection element, in particular for the permanent connection of cables and whole harnesses to each other or to other objects.
  • a common variant of such Befest Trentsbinder are known by the term "cable ties". These have a head part with a passage opening and a strand extending from the head part.
  • the strand has an area in which a serration is introduced into the strand.
  • a locking tongue is arranged, which has a complementary to the serrations formed serration. If the strand is pushed through the passage opening in an intended feed-through or threading-in direction, the serration of the strand locks with that of the tongue, so that a non-detachable connection between strand and head arises opposite to the threading direction.
  • the head of such cable ties two adjacently arranged, same or analogously formed passage openings with locking tongue in order to produce by passing the strand first through the first passage opening and then through the second passage opening two loops, and so for example by means of a first loop to attach the cable tie to a frame structure and also to provide a loop for holding cables can.
  • One Such cable tie is for example in the WO 9958890 A1 shown.
  • the locking tongues equipped with a lever element to lift the locking tongue from the strand and so can solve the catch can.
  • Cable ties are relatively complicated due to the provision of the serration and the locking tongue in the head, which increases the manufacturing cost. This is especially true when a lever element is to be provided in addition to the locking tongue. In addition, the release of the latching is relatively difficult, since the lever element usually has to be made small. A repeated actuation of the lever member can also emulate the locking tongue, so that no more secure connection exists.
  • flash binders are known which, for example, from the AT 209245 B can be seen. These have, in contrast to cable ties on a strand with a plurality of extending from the strand radially outwardly extending retaining projections.
  • the head part of such lightning binders can have two identically formed eyelets for passing through the strand provided with the retaining projections.
  • the eyelets in this case have a passage opening and a strand receiving opening connected thereto, the passage opening having dimensions greater than the dimensions of a holding projection perpendicular to a longitudinal extent of the strand, and the strand receiving opening having dimensions which substantially correspond to the dimensions of the strand perpendicular to its longitudinal extent, so that the strand can be kept releasably in the strand receiving opening.
  • lightning binders have the advantages that, in contrast to cable ties, less complex tools are required for their manufacture. Due to the simpler structure, in particular of the heads, the production costs are correspondingly reduced. In addition, a quick as well as repeated closing and opening of the loop is provided in a simple manner by this unlike cable ties with locking tongue different geometry.
  • lightning binders have the disadvantage that the connection between the head and the loop can be released when the strand experiences a movement. Therefore, they are for applications in which by a first loop a permanent connection should take place, but on the other hand, the second loop should be opened and closed several times, for example, if cables are to be mounted successively to the frame in several production steps of a vehicle, only conditionally suitable ,
  • a fastening tie for providing fastening loops, comprising a head part and a strand formed integrally with the head part and extending from the head part with a plurality of retaining projections extending radially outward from the strand, the head part being a first and a second eyelet for passing the strand provided with the retaining projections, the second eyelet being formed of a passage opening and a strand receiving opening connected thereto, the passage opening having dimensions greater than the dimensions of a retaining projection perpendicular to a longitudinal extent of the strand, and the strand receiving opening Having dimensions that correspond substantially to the dimensions of the strand perpendicular to its longitudinal extent, so that the strand can be releasably held in the strand receiving opening.
  • the first eyelet has a base opening, wherein the base opening has dimensions which are greater than the dimensions of the retaining projections perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand, and a trap element for providing a non-releasable retention of a retaining projection extends radially inwardly from an outer contour of the base opening ,
  • the first eyelet has a base opening, wherein the basic opening has dimensions which are greater than the dimensions of the holding projections perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand, and a trapping element for providing a non-releasable retention of a holding projection from an outer contour of the base opening radially inward extends, on the one hand by the strand and the first eyelet a first loop are provided, which is not solvable due to the retention of the strand via the trap element in cooperation with the voltage applied to the trap element holding projection, and further provided a second loop, which extends through the one from the first eyelet results in the second loop extending strand. In this case, this second loop is detachable due to the detachable connection between strand and second eyelet.
  • the advantages of a lightning binder are combined with the provision of an insoluble first loop by the inventive design of the fastening binder.
  • the first eyelet and the second eyelet on different principles of action.
  • a secure and permanent locking a retraction the strand through the first eyelet opposite to the direction of passage over a retaining projection is made possible, and in contrast in the second eyelet a quick and easy snapping and loosening of the strand in the second eyelet, thus a quick and easy closing and opening of the second loop is reached.
  • the trap element is arranged in such a way in the base opening, so that it reduces the cross section of the base opening such that the cross section of the holding projections seen perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand is greater than the remaining cross section of the base opening.
  • the trap element further has an elastic deformability, such that upon passing through a holding projection in the direction of passage, the trap element can be displaced by the holding projection and elastically deformed. As a result, the holding projection can be pushed or pulled through the first eyelet. After the retaining projection has passed the trap element, the trap element passes through an elastic recovery in its initial state, so that the guided through the first eyelet retaining projection can not pass the first eyelet counter to the direction of passage.
  • the elastic deformability of the trap element is provided via a wall thickness and a length of the trap element.
  • the trap element Due to the extension of the trap element radially inward can be dispensed with an axially extending tube having substantially axially extending locking elements, as provided in conventional cable ties with blocking function.
  • at the head part is not perpendicular in the thickness direction of the head part extending from the head part tube member through which the strand is to perform, necessary.
  • the proposed fastening binder thus has a lower material requirement.
  • a tool mold for producing the fastening binder in particular an injection mold, can be designed to be simpler.
  • the trapping member extends in a thickness direction of the head into which the basic opening extends, as seen within the basic opening.
  • the holding projections each have an undercut surface which interacts with the trap element in such a way that, contrary to a predetermined direction of passage of the strand through the first loop, a self-locking positive connection between the trap element and a holding projection is provided.
  • the fastening binder can have a particularly simple construction.
  • the strand has a circular cross-section, it is not necessary that the strand must be guided in a predetermined orientation through the eyelets, but the strand can be pushed independently of the orientation through the eyelets.
  • the holding projections have a substantially circular cross-section, viewed perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the strand.
  • the strand in the respective eyelet can also be kept independent of the orientation of the strand or holding projection for the respective eyelet.
  • the fastening tie can be made of a plastic, preferably a thermoplastic, the fastening tie preferably being made of this.
  • a particularly secure holding of the strand in the eyelets can be achieved if the strand has a strand diameter and the retaining projections perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand have a projection diameter which is greater than the strand diameter.
  • a fastening binder constructed in this way also has a particularly simple structure and is particularly easy to manufacture.
  • the passage opening in order to achieve a particularly simple passage of the strand through the second eyelet, the passage opening according to a further preferred embodiment, a passage diameter greater than the projection diameter.
  • the strand receiving opening has a receiving diameter which is approximately equal to the strand diameter, the strand can be safely received in the strand receiving opening.
  • the strand receiving opening has a receiving diameter which is slightly smaller than the stem diameter, so that the strand can be held in the strand receiving opening by means of a press fit of predetermined size.
  • the second eyelet between the passage opening and the strand receiving opening may have a connection region which has a width which is less than the strand diameter.
  • an opening diameter greater than the projection diameter and defines the trap element has an inner diameter of the first eyelet, which is smaller than the projection diameter, a particularly simple passing the strand through the first eyelet and also a safe Holding the strand can be achieved at its retaining projection through the trap element.
  • the trap element has a conical ring, preferably a segmented conical ring, which provides a radially tapering opening in the predetermined direction of passage of the first eyelet, the dimension of the opening, seen in the direction of passage, having an inner diameter at the end of the conical ring preferably smaller than the dimension of the retaining projections perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand and greater than the dimension of the strand perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand.
  • the trap element is elastically deformable, such that a holding projection can be guided through an elastic deformation of the trap element in the direction of passage through the trap element.
  • a particularly simple construction of the first eyelet and, in addition, a particularly high blocking effect against passage of the strand through the first eyelet counter to the direction of passage can be made possible if the first eyelet has a basic opening with an opening diameter which is larger than the dimensions of the retaining projections vertically to the longitudinal extent of the strand, and the trap element extends radially inwardly from the base opening.
  • the scoop element extends from the base opening substantially perpendicular to an extension direction of the first eyelet and / or perpendicular to a thickness direction of the head radially inwardly.
  • the extent or extent direction of the basic opening is preferably aligned in the depth direction or thickness direction of the head part.
  • the head part is constructed substantially plate-shaped.
  • the head part has a width and a length which are significantly larger than a thickness or in other words depth of the head part.
  • the width and the length of the head part are at least twice, three times, four times or five times as large as the thickness of the head part.
  • the first and the second eyelet preferably extend in the direction of the thickness or depth of the head part.
  • FIG. 1 is shown schematically a perspective view of a fastening binder 1 according to a first embodiment.
  • the lightning bolt has a head 2 and an elongated strand 3 extending from the first end 32 and extending to a free second end 34.
  • the strand 3 has a plurality of retaining projections 4, which extend from the strand 3 in the circumferential direction radially outward.
  • the fastening binder 1 has at its head a first eyelet 5 for providing a non-detachable connection of the head 2 with the strand 3.
  • a first loop 8 is correspondingly formed, which due to the via the first eyelet 5 provided inseparable connection with the strand 3 is not solvable.
  • a second loop 9 can be provided, which is due to the detachable connection to the second eyelet 6 solvable.
  • the fastening binder 1, or lightning binder, is presently formed in one piece and made of a plastic.
  • the fastening binder 1 can also be made of a different material, for example a metal or a metal alloy, preferably steel.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a detail sectional view through the first eyelet 5 of the mounting binder 1 from FIG. 1 .
  • the first eyelet 5 has a base opening 50, which has an opening diameter 58.
  • a trapping element 52 in the form of a conical ring.
  • the trap element 52 provides, contrary to the direction of implementation 7, a non-detachable retention of the strand 3 by retaining the last retaining projection 4 made in the direction of passage 7.
  • the holding projection 4 has an undercut surface 40 which cooperates with the trap element 52 such that, contrary to the predetermined direction of passage 7 of the strand 3 through the first eyelet 5, a self-acting positive connection between the trap element 52 and the holding projection 4 is provided.
  • an undercut opposite to the direction of passage 7 is provided by the end of the trap element 52 and the undercut surface 40.
  • the trap element 52 has at its free end an inner diameter 59 which is smaller than a projection diameter 42 which the holding projections 4 have perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the strand 3.
  • the trap element 52 has a wall thickness 56 and a length 54, formed in such a way that the trap element 52 has an elastic deformability.
  • the retention of the holding projection 4 by the trap element 52 against the direction of passage 7 is therefore provided by the fact that the undercut surface 40 rests against the end of the trap element 52. Due to the above-described geometry of trap element 52 and holding projection 4, it is not possible for the holding projection 4 to expand the trap element 52 if, due to a force acting on the strand 3 against the direction of passage 7, the holding projection 4 presses on the trap element 52.
  • the head 2 is substantially plate-shaped. In other words, the head 2 forms a substantially flat plate which is thin-walled.
  • the head 2 thus has a length and a width, as shown FIG. 1 to take on, which is many times greater than a depth or thickness of the head, wherein the depth in FIG. 2 extends from left to right, in other words, the feedthrough direction 7 is parallel to the thickness direction of the head second
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a detail sectional view through a second eyelet 5 of the fastening binder 1 from FIG. 1 ,
  • the second eyelet 6 has a passage opening 60 through which the strand 3 together with the retaining projection 4 can be carried out in both directions.
  • the passage opening 60 is connected to a strand receiving opening 62. In FIG. 3 shown, the strand 3 is received in the strand receiving opening 62.
  • FIG. 4 schematically is a further detail sectional view of the second eyelet 6 FIG. 3 shown.
  • the view off FIG. 4 is one in terms of FIG. 3 90 ° rotated sectional view.
  • the passage opening 60 has a passage diameter 64 which is greater than the projection diameter 42 of the holding projection 4.
  • the strand receiving opening 62 connected to the passage opening 60 has a receiving diameter 66 which corresponds approximately to the strand diameter 30.
  • the strand 3 can therefore be guided or inserted together with retaining projection 4 through the passage opening 60.
  • the strand 3 In order to achieve a releasable locking between the strand 3 or a retaining projection 4 and the second eyelet 6 opposite to the direction of passage 7 of the strand 3, the strand 3 only in relation to the orientation of the head 2 in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is shown schematically a detail view of a head 2 of a fastening binder 1 according to another embodiment.
  • the attachment binder 1 shown here corresponds essentially to that FIG. 4 ,
  • the first eyelet 5 has a segmented trapping element 52.
  • To form the trap element 52 four segments 53 are presently provided, which extend from the base opening 50 web-like radially inwards.
  • the trap element may be only partially segmented.
  • the second eyelet 6 is substantially corresponding to that of FIG. 4 shown second eyelet 6 is formed.
  • the in FIG. 5 shown second eyelet 6 between the passage opening 60 and the strand receiving opening 62 on a connecting portion 68, which has a width 69 which is less than the strand diameter 30.
  • the strand 3 is to push through the connecting portion 68, wherein the connecting portion 68 due to the material properties of the head 2 by applying a predetermined force on the strand 3 in the direction of the strand receiving opening 62 can be elastically deformed or displaced. Thereby, the strand 3 can be moved from the passage opening 60 into the strand receiving opening 62.
  • the strand receiving opening 62 may therefore have a receiving diameter 66 which is slightly larger than the strand diameter 30. In other words, there may be a predetermined clearance between the strand 3 and the strand receiving opening 62. The manufacturing tolerances for such a trained head 2 can therefore be less accurately formed.
  • the retaining projections 4 in this embodiment are truncated cone-shaped, which increase in the direction of the connection between the head 2 and strand 3, thus in the direction of the first end 32 out.
  • they have rearwardly directed undercut surfaces 40, which opposite to the direction of passage through the first eyelet 5 and also with material of the head 2 around the strand receiving opening 62 counter to the direction of passage 7 through the second eyelet 6 form a positive engagement with the segments 53 and thereby prevent the strand 3 can be moved back against the direction of passage 7 in through the first eyelet 5 and second eyelet 6 back.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a detailed view of a head 2 of a fastening binder 1 according to a further embodiment, which is substantially that of FIG. 5 corresponds, wherein the strand 3 based on the embodiment of FIG. 5 is arranged on the opposite side of the head 2.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a detail sectional view through a first eyelet 5 of a fastening binder 1 according to another embodiment.
  • the attachment binder 1 substantially corresponds to that of the FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the trap elements 52 extend perpendicular to the extension of the first loop 5 through the head 2, thus perpendicular to the direction of passage 7 radially inward.
  • the trap elements 52 extend only radially inward and have substantially no axial Component of their extension.
  • the strand 3 can be guided from both sides through the first eyelet 5, as indicated by the double arrow of the feedthrough direction 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
EP19168864.7A 2018-04-18 2019-04-12 Lanière de fixation Active EP3556683B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018109265.2A DE102018109265B4 (de) 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 Befestigungsbinder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3556683A1 true EP3556683A1 (fr) 2019-10-23
EP3556683B1 EP3556683B1 (fr) 2020-08-26

Family

ID=66175194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19168864.7A Active EP3556683B1 (fr) 2018-04-18 2019-04-12 Lanière de fixation

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EP (1) EP3556683B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018109265B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK3556683T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113135357A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-20 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 扎线带
EP4501809A1 (fr) * 2023-07-29 2025-02-05 Hellermanntyton Limited Dispositif bidirectionnel de serre-câble

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220411151A1 (en) * 2021-06-26 2022-12-29 Michael A. Gladkin Wire Management Device and System

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT209245B (de) * 1958-09-29 1960-05-25 Perfekta Wiener Gummi Und Plas Zu einem Ring lösbar zusammenfügbares Bindeorgan
DE2012300A1 (de) * 1970-03-14 1971-09-23 Württ. Allplastik GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart-Vaihingen Schnurähnliche Bindevorrichtung
DE9001391U1 (de) * 1990-02-07 1990-04-12 Hermann Fahrbach GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Sicherungsvorrichtung
US20030159254A1 (en) * 2002-02-27 2003-08-28 Wendle Todd B. Releasable tie

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3402435A (en) * 1967-04-26 1968-09-24 Dennison Mfg Co Tag attaching or bundle fastening device
US3467427A (en) * 1968-03-29 1969-09-16 Brooks Co E J All-plastic seal
US3712655A (en) * 1970-11-16 1973-01-23 Stoffel Steel Corp Plastic seal
US4001919A (en) * 1974-05-22 1977-01-11 E. J. Brooks Company Seal
WO1999058890A1 (fr) 1998-05-12 1999-11-18 Samuel Giufre Serre-cable

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT209245B (de) * 1958-09-29 1960-05-25 Perfekta Wiener Gummi Und Plas Zu einem Ring lösbar zusammenfügbares Bindeorgan
DE2012300A1 (de) * 1970-03-14 1971-09-23 Württ. Allplastik GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart-Vaihingen Schnurähnliche Bindevorrichtung
DE9001391U1 (de) * 1990-02-07 1990-04-12 Hermann Fahrbach GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Sicherungsvorrichtung
US20030159254A1 (en) * 2002-02-27 2003-08-28 Wendle Todd B. Releasable tie

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113135357A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-20 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 扎线带
EP4501809A1 (fr) * 2023-07-29 2025-02-05 Hellermanntyton Limited Dispositif bidirectionnel de serre-câble

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3556683T3 (da) 2020-09-21
EP3556683B1 (fr) 2020-08-26
DE102018109265B4 (de) 2023-05-25
DE102018109265A1 (de) 2019-10-24

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