EP3556192B1 - Machine agricole de traitement du sol ainsi que procédé de traitement du sol - Google Patents

Machine agricole de traitement du sol ainsi que procédé de traitement du sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3556192B1
EP3556192B1 EP19160775.3A EP19160775A EP3556192B1 EP 3556192 B1 EP3556192 B1 EP 3556192B1 EP 19160775 A EP19160775 A EP 19160775A EP 3556192 B1 EP3556192 B1 EP 3556192B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil
section
soil cultivation
machine according
cultivation machine
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Application number
EP19160775.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3556192A1 (fr
Inventor
Philipp Horsch
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Horsch Maschinen GmbH
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Horsch Maschinen GmbH
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Publication of EP3556192A1 publication Critical patent/EP3556192A1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/027—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind with a rotating, soil working support element, e.g. a roller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B29/00—Rollers
    • A01B29/04—Rollers with non-smooth surface formed of rotatably-mounted rings or discs or with projections or ribs on the roller body; Land packers
    • A01B29/048—Bar cage rollers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B61/00—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain
    • A01B61/04—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame
    • A01B61/044—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame the connection enabling a yielding pivoting movement around a substantially horizontal and transverse axis
    • A01B61/046—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame the connection enabling a yielding pivoting movement around a substantially horizontal and transverse axis the device including an energy accumulator for restoring the tool to its working position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B73/00—Means or arrangements to facilitate transportation of agricultural machines or implements, e.g. folding frames to reduce overall width
    • A01B73/02—Folding frames
    • A01B73/04—Folding frames foldable about a horizontal axis
    • A01B73/044—Folding frames foldable about a horizontal axis the axis being oriented in a longitudinal direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an agricultural soil tillage machine having the features of independent claim 1 and a method for soil tillage having the features of independent method claim 18.
  • a frequently used design includes an attached frame with its own chassis and defined frame width, which is pulled over the field by a tractor.
  • Such soil tillage machines can be equipped with various components such as loosening and/or cutting tools and/or reconsolidation tools.
  • Such an agricultural tillage machine is, for example, by the U.S. 8,020,629 B1 disclosed.
  • the machine disclosed here comprises a plurality of rows with different tools for tilling the soil, which follow one another in the direction of travel, these multiple rows being arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the agricultural machine.
  • a first row arranged in the direction of travel is formed by cutting discs, which are followed by a second row with a knife roller in the direction of travel.
  • the second row is followed by a third row with a harrow unit and a fourth row with a packer roller.
  • Plant residues on the surface of the earth are first to be crushed by means of the knife roller. Then the resulting plant and soil residues should be distributed as evenly as possible on the field soil using the harrows or tines, so that they can then be reconsolidated together with the superficial soil using the packer roller.
  • a comparable agricultural tillage machine is also characterized by the EP 2 868 177 B1 disclosed.
  • the machine comprises several rows arranged transversely to the direction of travel, one behind the other, which rows are each equipped with different tools.
  • a first row arranged in the direction of travel includes a knife roller, which is followed in the direction of travel by a second row with a harrow or a harrow section.
  • the second row in the direction of travel is followed by a third row with a knife roller and a fourth row with a packer roller.
  • the knife roller is mounted on the frame of the machine via a support arm, with such a mounting not allowing adjustments to uneven floors.
  • a tillage implement Crumb rollers with a cutting bar are initially assigned to a support arm.
  • the main frame carries a packing roller at the rear end.
  • Support arms are arranged on the transverse frame, which together with the transverse frame form the main frame.
  • Tine-shaped tools are provided between the crumbling rollers.
  • These prong-shaped tools are assigned to a frame and are articulated to the intermediate frame or the support arm via angle levers.
  • the free ends of the angle levers are connected to one another via a spindle, so that the respective angular position of the prong-shaped tools or the shares assigned to them can be adjusted.
  • the height of the frame and thus of the prong-shaped tools can be changed via a control bar.
  • the US 2013/199807 A1 shows a tillage system with a frame assembly, which includes a central frame support structure, frame wings and central longitudinal beams. Additionally, a plurality of tillage modules may be releasably coupled to the frame assembly.
  • a soil treatment device is known. This comprises a frame on which a horizontal axis is provided, adjustable via a mechanical cylinder on a shaft, on which carriers with a large number of blades or tines are rotatably fastened. Furthermore, tine claws and rollers can be arranged on the frame.
  • the document DE 24 50 562 A1 shows a tillage device, on the support frame Harrow fields and Bodenkrümlerfelder can be attached.
  • the frame of the crumbler has a frame offset, which is shaped in such a way that the front rows of rollers of the crumbler fields carry alternately long and short rollers, whereby in the rear row of rollers a front short roller has a long rear roller and a front long roller has a rear short roller assigned.
  • the DE 94 18 722 U1 describes an agricultural tillage machine.
  • an angle lever is pivotally mounted on which tine rollers are attached to a seesaw.
  • the tine rollers can be offset from one another.
  • Cultivator tools are arranged in front of and behind the rollers.
  • From the DE 35 41 543 A1 a soil cultivating machine with soil rollers is known.
  • the frame of the bottom roller has coupling arms which are pivotally connected to one another.
  • An adjustable drawbar limits the tilting of the rear roller axle and allows a compressive load specification on one of the roller axles.
  • Roller elements are lined up axially on the roller axis and arranged with a precise gap to the front roller elements.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of making available an agricultural soil tillage machine and a method for soil tillage by means of which the disadvantages mentioned in the prior art are overcome, in that tillage of the entire surface is possible and in that a cutting section of an agricultural machine can be moved in a simple manner and way to bumps or the like can adapt.
  • the invention proposes an agricultural tillage machine.
  • the agricultural soil tillage machine can be designed either as a so-called 3-point machine that is pulled by means of a tractor or mounted on a tractor.
  • the agricultural soil tillage machine is part of a self-propelled agricultural machine, which, however, is not typical Embodiment of such soil cultivating machines is, so that at this point will not be discussed in more detail on this alternative embodiment.
  • the agricultural soil cultivating machine comprises at least one frame structure for supporting various components for soil cultivating.
  • the frame construction can consist in particular of a Assemble the center frame and machine sections extending laterally from the center frame.
  • the primary purpose of the frame construction is to provide a stable support and support structure for the necessary components, tools and engaging elements with which the soil is to be worked in the manner desired.
  • the components mentioned can be, for example, a large number of tools or engagement elements, which are assigned to the frame construction and which can be arranged one behind the other there, in particular in the direction of travel, with the positioning in the present context also being referred to as sections that are arranged one behind the other on the frame construction are. If sections are discussed below, this definition can also mean the arrangement of the tools or engagement elements in rows, which rows extend transversely to the direction of travel of the soil tillage machine.
  • the agricultural soil cultivating machine according to the invention comprises at least one cutting section according to claim 1.
  • the agricultural soil tillage machine comprises at least one tine section arranged downstream of the at least one cutting section in the direction of travel, for distributing the plant residues and for leveling the surface of the soil; i.e. the at least one tine section can be designed to distribute the plant residues and/or to level the loosened surface of the soil.
  • the agricultural soil cultivating machine further comprises at least one reconsolidation section downstream of the at least one tine section in the direction of travel for reconsolidating the soil worked and/or loosened by the at least one cutting section and/or at least one tine section; i.e. the reconsolidation section can be designed to reconsolidate the soil worked and/or loosened by the cutting section and/or tine section.
  • the at least one cutting section comprises at least two rotating knife rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel, these knife rollers typically rotating about horizontal axes of rotation which are approximately transverse to the direction of travel Tillage machine are oriented.
  • the at least one cutting section can comprise at least two rows, which rows can each be assigned a knife roller.
  • the knife rollers are mounted on a rocker and form a tandem arrangement, which tandem arrangement is pivotably arranged on a console mounted on the frame construction.
  • the console can be a bearing unit, via which the rocker with the knife rollers arranged on it can be movably and/or height-adjustably mounted on the frame construction.
  • the at least two cutter blocks arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel are offset from one another transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the staggered arrangement of the cutter blocks in relation to one another allows free spaces between the at least two cutter blocks which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel to be avoided, as a result of which soil cultivation over the entire surface and thus optimized compared with conventional solutions is possible.
  • At least one additional knife roller can be attached in the center of the rocker.
  • the console is mounted on the frame construction in a height-adjustable manner.
  • the console is mounted on the frame construction by a bearing unit.
  • At least one linear element is assigned to the console, as a result of which the height of the console relative to the frame construction can be adjusted.
  • the at least one linear element can be designed, for example, as a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.
  • the rocker with the two knife rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel, but in particular offset to one another transversely to the direction of travel, can also be designed to be adjustable in height relative to the frame structure via the console.
  • a spindle can also be provided as the linear element, which spindle in turn can be actuated or adjusted manually or adjusted by means of a motor-driven and/or actuated actuator.
  • the machine is composed of a plurality of knife roller segments, each one meter wide, to which segments at least one linear element is assigned, with the prestressing force or the contact pressure being variably adjusted depending on the width of the knife rollers and/or can be adjusted.
  • the at least one linear element or its control comprises a mechanical and/or a hydraulic overload protection.
  • the hydraulic overload protection can include a hydraulic spring accumulator.
  • any other mechanical overload protection for the linear element would also be conceivable.
  • the console as such includes an overload protection device, which can be designed hydraulically and/or mechanically.
  • elastomer bearings, rubber cords, spring elements or the like can be suitable as mechanical overload protection devices.
  • the overload protection can be used to ensure that the blade cylinders can swing upwards and/or move upwards when they hit obstacles, stones and/or other objects and/or uneven ground, so that damage and/or breakage or the like on the blade cylinders can be avoided .
  • the rocker is mounted on the bracket by means of elastically deformable bearing elements that generate a prestressing force.
  • the bearing elements can include, for example, elastomeric bearings or rubber cord bearings or the like. It can also be provided that the bearing elements have a Generate biasing force on the rocker, which biasing force can be transferred to the at least two knife rollers. The at least two knife rollers can be preset by the prestressing force generated by the bearing.
  • the bearing elements can also absorb overloads.
  • the at least two knife rollers which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel and offset from one another transversely to the direction of travel, are designed differently.
  • the knife rollers can have knives oriented transversely to the direction of travel, which knives run in a straight line and/or spirally.
  • the knife rollers can have a closed base body.
  • the at least two knife rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel, but in particular offset from one another transversely to the direction of travel, can be of identical design.
  • the soil cultivating machine can be composed of several machine sections, each of which can be designed to be foldable relative to one another.
  • Each of the machine sections can comprise at least one cutting section, which comprises a rocker with at least two knife rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel.
  • each of the machine sections can comprise at least one tine section and at least one reconsolidation section, with the at least one tine section being arranged downstream of the at least one cutting section and the at least one reconsolidation section being arranged downstream of the at least one tine section in the direction of travel.
  • Provision can be made for the knife rollers arranged in at least two rows one behind the other on two mutually foldable machine sections to be offset from one another and/or to extend into the processing field of the adjacent foldable machine section. Due to the offset arrangement of the knife rollers, the soil can be cultivated over the whole area.
  • the console is preferably oriented from the top front to the bottom rear, ie the console is pulled in the direction of travel.
  • the console is inclined in the direction of travel in such a way that an opening orientation angle between a floor surface and a direction of longitudinal extension of the console is oriented in the direction of travel, thus clearly defining a drawn orientation of the console.
  • the drawn orientation of the console is therefore preferable because a pushed arrangement could tend to rear up when encountering resistance in the ground, which could lead to disadvantages in depth control and to unfavorable effects with regard to the desired contact pressure of the intervention tools or tillage tools.
  • Tools, in particular tines can be arranged on the carriers.
  • the prongs can each be arranged on the carrier at an equal distance from one another.
  • the tines can also be in the form of harrow tines, cultivator tips or the like.
  • the angle of the tools or the tines of the tine section can be changed in relation to the soil surface of the soil to be worked, as a result of which their aggressiveness can be adjusted.
  • further linear elements can be provided, which can be designed, for example, as pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinders. Adjusting the angles can be done automatically or manually.
  • the at least one reconsolidation section can include at least one, two or more rotating packer rollers for reconsolidating the loosened soil, which are typically arranged at the rear of the soil tillage implement, with a pivotable and/or height-adjustable mounting of the packer rollers possibly being useful, for example in connection with a height adjustability of the entire machine frame to vary the engagement depth of the other tillage components in the soil to be tilled.
  • the at least one packer roller arranged at the rear of the machine can have, for example, a plurality of packer rings spaced apart from one another.
  • the reconsolidation section can also include packer tires or similar packer tools.
  • the at least one prong section and/or the at least one reconsolidation section on the Frame construction are designed to be height-adjustable, in particular the at least one packer roller and/or the at least one tine being attached to the frame construction in a height-adjustable manner.
  • further linear elements can be provided, which can be designed, for example, as pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinders.
  • elements and/or components for spreading seed can be assigned to the soil tillage machine.
  • the machine can include at least one storage tank, by means of which the seed can be carried along and stored.
  • At least one metering device can be provided below the storage tank, so that the seed carried and stored in the storage tank can be removed from the storage tank and directly metered or distributed accordingly into individual lines.
  • An air volume flow can prevail in the lines, which is generated by a blower, preferably by a radial blower.
  • the air volume flow generated by the blower can serve as a carrier medium, so that a seed air volume flow can be formed by admixing and/or mixing seed into the air volume flow of the individual line.
  • the line system or the individual lines can end in spreading elements that are close to the ground or guided in the ground, by means of which the seed can be spread into the ground.
  • the deployment elements can preferably be arranged in the direction of travel before and/or after the reconsolidation section. This means that soil tillage and seed sowing can be carried out in just one operation.
  • the invention further includes a method for tilling the soil, which comprises at least the following steps: In a first step, plant residues on the surface of a soil to be tilled are crushed by means of at least one cutting section, which comprises at least two knife rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel.
  • the blade rollers are mounted pivotably on a console by means of a rocker arm, which console is attached to a frame construction carrying the components of the soil tillage machine.
  • plant residues are distributed and the surface of the ground is leveled by means of a tine section that follows or is arranged downstream of the cutting section in the direction of travel.
  • the loosened soil is reconsolidated by means of a reconsolidation section following or downstream of the tine section in the direction of travel.
  • console to be mounted on the frame structure in a height-adjustable manner by means of a linear element, with the linear element being able to generate a contact pressure on the knife roller, which contact pressure can be variably adjusted.
  • the Figures 1A to 1C show different views of an embodiment variant of an agricultural soil treatment machine 10 according to the invention with a frame structure 12 for supporting the respective components;
  • the Figures 2A and 2 B 12 show different soil tillage tools in different views, as they can be installed and used in the agricultural soil tillage machine 10.
  • the frame construction 12 comprises a central frame 14 and two machine sections 16, 18, 20 and 22, each extending laterally on the central frame 14.
  • the lateral machine sections 16, 18 and the lateral machine sections 20, 22 can each be pivoted by approximately 90° with respect to the central frame 14 designed so that the overall width of the machine 10 can be reduced as needed, which is particularly desirable or necessary for road transport.
  • the two machine sections 16, 18, 20, 22, each extending laterally from the center frame 14, are two inner machine sections 18, 20 and two outer machine sections 16, 22 Figures 1A to 1C as well as in the Figures 2A and 2 B the machine sections 16, 18, 20, 22 are in a largely horizontal position relative to the central frame 14 in order to carry out tillage as part of a field trip.
  • adjusting elements 26, 26' are provided for pivoting the machine sections 16, 18, 20, 22 relative to the central frame 14.
  • the adjusting elements 26, 26' comprise, for example, electric or electric motor-actuated, pneumatically or hydraulically working cylinders 28, 28' (cf. Figures 1A to 1C ).
  • the center frame 14 includes a drawbar 24 at the front in the direction of travel F.
  • the center frame 14 is assigned a chassis 30 at the front in the direction of travel F, which includes wheels 32, 32'.
  • the landing gear 30 is opposite Central frame 14 is designed to be pivotable, so that the chassis 30 can be lowered for road travel and for field travel (cf. Figure 1C ) is raised.
  • further control elements 34, 34' are provided in the form of further electric, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders 35, 35'.
  • the frame construction 12 of the agricultural soil treatment machine 10 is shown without the chassis 30 .
  • depth control wheels 36, 36' are provided at the front for maintaining the working depth and for adapting to the terrain.
  • the soil cultivating machine 10 is divided into at least three sections.
  • the soil tillage machine 10 initially comprises at least one cutting section 40, which is designed for crushing plant residues on the surface of a soil (not shown here).
  • the cutting section 40 comprises at least two knife rollers 46, 46′ arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F, i.e. the cutting section 40 comprises at least two rows of knife rollers 46, 46′, which rows are arranged transversely to the direction of travel F of the soil tillage implement 10.
  • the knife rollers 46, 46' are mounted on a rocker 56 and form a tandem arrangement, which tandem arrangement is pivotably attached to a console 58 mounted on the frame structure 12.
  • the soil cultivating machine 10 further comprises at least one tine section 42 which is arranged downstream of the cutting section 40 in the direction of travel F and which is designed for crushing the plant residues and for leveling the surface of a soil (not shown here).
  • the tine section 42 comprises at least two carriers 48, 48' arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F, ie the tine section 42 comprises two rows, which rows are arranged transversely to the direction of travel F of the soil tillage implement.
  • Prongs 50, 50' are arranged on the carrier 48, 48' at a uniform distance from one another.
  • the tines 50, 50' can, for example, be harrow tines or cultivator tips or the like.
  • the tines 50, 50' arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F are offset from one another transversely in the direction of travel F, which means that no free spaces are created and the soil can be cultivated over the entire surface.
  • the angle of the tines 50, 50' can also be adjusted, as a result of which their aggressiveness can be adjusted.
  • Linear elements can be provided, which can be designed, for example, as pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinders. The angles can be adjusted automatically or manually.
  • the soil cultivating machine 10 further comprises at least one reconsolidation section 44 arranged downstream of the tine section 42 in the direction of travel F, which is designed to reconsolidate the loosened soil (not shown here).
  • the reconsolidation section 44 includes a packer roller 52, which is formed by a plurality of packer rings 54 spaced apart from one another.
  • the tines 50, 50' and/or the packer roller 52 are attached to the frame structure 12 so that they can be adjusted in height.
  • further linear elements can be provided, for example in the form of electric, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders or the like. The height can be adjusted automatically or manually.
  • the soil cultivating machine 10 includes a control device S, via which the adjusting elements 26, 26', the additional adjusting elements 34, 34', the linear elements 66 and the additional linear elements not shown here can be controlled.
  • FIG. 3A to 3C Various views of the console 58 and rocker 56 with the at least two knife rollers 46, 46' arranged on them in the direction of travel F are shown.
  • the knife rollers 46, 46' are each mounted in the direction of travel F at the front and at the rear end of the rocker 56 and form a tandem arrangement, which tandem arrangement is pivotably attached to a console 58 mounted on the frame structure 12.
  • the cutter rollers 46, 46' which are arranged one behind the other at least in the direction of travel F, are offset from one another transversely to the direction of travel F. In this way, free spaces or unworked areas of the soil are avoided, so that an optimal and improved soil processing compared to conventional soil processing machines takes place.
  • the knife rollers 46, 46' can also be arranged in such a way that they reach into the respective processing area of the adjacent machine section 16, 18, 20, 22 and/or central frame 14.
  • the bracket 58 is composed of two housing halves 60, 60', which accommodates a longitudinal member 62 of the rocker 56, i.e. the bracket 58 forms a bearing unit for the rocker 56.
  • the console 58 as such, on the other hand, is mounted on the frame construction 12 via a support arm 70, as a result of which a bearing unit 72 is formed.
  • the support arm 70 is provided in particular on an upper side of at least one housing half 60, 60'.
  • the two housing halves 60, 60' are connected to one another, for example, by means of a non-positive, positive and/or material connection.
  • the two housing halves 60, 60' of the console 58 are preferably connected or screwed to one another by means of screws.
  • the four elastomer bearings or rubber cords 64 are also provided in the console 58 .
  • the four elastomer bearings 64 generate a prestressing force, which prestressing force is transmitted to the rocker 56 and in particular to the knife rollers 46, 46', i.e. the rocker 56 is mounted on the console 58 by means of elastically deformable bearing elements 63 that generate a prestressing force.
  • the elastomer bearings or rubber cords 64 can also absorb an overload if the cutter rollers 46, 46' encounter an obstacle and/or bumps in the ground, for example, which means that damage and/or breaks or the like on the cutter rollers 46, 46' can be avoided.
  • the resulting forces can at least largely be absorbed by the elastomer bearings or rubber cords 64, so that the rocker 56 with the knife whales 46, 46' arranged on it in the direction of travel F can move upwards.
  • the bracket 58 is mounted on the frame construction 12 in a height-adjustable manner by means of a linear element 66 , the linear element 66 comprising an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 67 . It is also possible by means of the linear element 66 to variably adjust and/or set the prestressing force or pressing force on the knife rollers 46, 46'. In this way, the blade rollers 46, 46' can be individually adjusted to the respective prevailing environmental and soil conditions in order to achieve optimized soil cultivation.
  • the prestressing force or contact pressure force can also be adapted and/or variably changed as a function of the width of the knife rollers 46, 46'.
  • FIG. 3A to 3C a rocker 56 with two knife rollers 46, 46' arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F is shown in each case.
  • the agricultural soil tillage machine 10 (cf. figures 1 and 2 ) is composed of a plurality of knife roller segments, each one meter wide, to which segments a linear element 66 is assigned; ie the contact pressure on the knife rollers 46, 46' can be variably adjusted depending on the width of the knife rollers 46, 46'.
  • the linear element 66 or its controller is assigned an overload protection device, not shown here, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a hydraulic spring accumulator.
  • the at least two knife rollers 46, 46' arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F each comprise knives 68 oriented transversely to the direction of travel F.
  • the knife rollers 46, 46' can be designed differently, so that, for example, the knife rollers 46, 46' have knives 68 oriented transversely to the direction of travel F have, which knives 68 run in a straight line and/or spirally.
  • the knife rollers 46, 46' can have a closed base body.
  • the linear elements 66 in particular the cylinders 67, are connected to a control device S, via which the linear elements 66, in particular the cylinders 67, are controlled (cf. Figure 1C ).
  • a control device S via which the linear elements 66, in particular the cylinders 67, are controlled (cf. Figure 1C ).
  • manual adjustment can also be possible.
  • the Figure 4A shows a first variant of a hydraulic circuit diagram for controlling the linear elements 66, 66', 66" +n , via which linear elements 66, 66', 66" +n the height of the console 58 and thus the height of the rocker 56 with the knife rollers arranged thereon 46, 46' can be adjusted.
  • three double-acting cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n are provided, which are connected in parallel with each other with both pressure sides.
  • Each of the three cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n has a piston side 80, 80', 80 " +n with a piston space 82, 82', 82" +n , a piston rod 78, 78', 78" +n and a ring side 84, 84', 84" +n .
  • the piston sides 80, 80′, 80′′ +n with the piston chamber 82, 82′, 82′′ +n of the cylinders 67, 67′, 67′′ +n are each connected to one another or fluidically coupled via a first pressure line 74 and the ring sides 82, 82', 82" +n of the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n are each connected to one another or fluidly coupled via a second pressure line 76.
  • the ring sides 84, 84', 84'' +n are each relieved or at least subjected to a somewhat lower load.
  • a flatter working of the knife rollers 46, 46' in the ground is achieved by the piston sides 80, 80', 80" +n with the piston chamber 82, 82', 82" +n being relieved via the first pressure line 76 or with at least a little less Load is applied and the ring lines 84, 84', 84" +n is acted upon via the second pressure line 76 with more pressure and/or load than the first pressure line 74.
  • the piston rods 78, 78', 78" +n are the cylinders 67, 67′, 67′′ +n are each retracted at least in sections, as a result of which the cutter rollers 46, 46′ work more flatly in the ground.
  • each of the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n which is created, for example, by applying the piston chamber 82, 82', 82" +n to the piston sides 80, 80', 80"+n via the first pressure line 74 is set with pressure, and the elastomer bearings or rubber cords 64 provided in the console 58 generate a pretensioning force and thus a contact pressure on the knife rollers 46, 46'. 67′, 67′′ +n , in particular in the piston chamber 82, 82′, 82′′ +n .
  • the cylinders 67, 67′, 67′′ +n are actuated via a control device S, which is designed as a double-acting control unit. Overloads, which occur, for example, when the knife rollers 46, 46' hit an obstacle, are mainly absorbed by the elastomer bearings or rubber cords 64 according to the present hydraulic plan.
  • the first pressure line 74 and the second pressure line 76 each have a check valve 86, 86'.
  • a spring-loaded check valve 88 is provided in the first pressure line 74 and is connected in series with the check valve 86 .
  • the spring-loaded check valve 88 is also connected to the second pressure line 76 .
  • the check valves 86, 86' and the spring-loaded check valve 88 have the effect that when the piston side 80, 80', 80" +n is pressurized with the piston chamber 82, 82', 82" +n via the first pressure line 74, the second pressure line 76 is shut off and that when the ring side 84, 84', 84'' +n is pressurized via the second pressure line 76, the first pressure line 74 is shut off.
  • first pressure line 74 includes a pressure accumulator 90, which is connected between the spring-loaded check valve 88 and the piston side 80, 80', 80" +n with the piston chamber 82, 82 ', 82" +n and which is arranged with the spring-loaded Check valve 88 is connected in series.
  • the pressure accumulator 90 brings about a better ground adaptation of the rocker 56 with the at least two knife rollers 46, 46' arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel F, as a result of which volume compensation takes place during adjustment movements of the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n , which above all occurs in the case of bumps or similar unevenness in the ground is advantageous.
  • forces that arise when the knife rollers 46, 46' hit an obstacle and/or bumps in the ground can be better compensated for, in that the piston sides 80, 80', 80" + n comes with the piston space 82, 82', 82" +n .
  • the hydraulic circuit diagram shown (third variant) includes all components or the same structure as in Figure 4B shown hydraulic circuit diagram for controlling the linear elements 66, 66 ', 66 " +n .
  • a pressure valve 92 is provided, which is connected or fluidically coupled to the first pressure line 74 and to the second pressure line 76 .
  • the pressure valve 92 serves to ensure that a preset or defined pressure in the first pressure line 74 and in the second pressure line 76 is not exceeded.
  • the pressure valve 92 can be set in a fixed manner or configured to be adjustable, with the adjustment being able to be configured manually or electro-proportionally.
  • FIG. 4D is a fourth variant of a hydraulic circuit diagram for controlling the linear elements 66, 66', 66" +n , in particular the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n , with the height of the console 58 and thus the height of the rocker 56 with the knife rollers 46, 46' arranged thereon is adjusted.
  • three linear elements 66, 66′, 66′′ +n in particular three cylinders 67, 67′, 67′′ +n are provided, which are connected in parallel to one another.
  • Each of the three cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n has a piston side 80, 80', 80" +n with a piston chamber 82, 82', 82", a piston rod 78, 78', 78" +n and a ring side 84, 84', 84" +n .
  • the piston sides 80, 80', 80" +n with the piston chamber 82, 82', 82" +n of the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n are each connected via a first Pressure line 74 is connected to one another or fluidically coupled and the ring sides 82, 82', 82" +n of the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n are each connected to one another or fluidly coupled via a second pressure line 76.
  • the first Pressure line 74 is connected to a pressure source P and the second pressure line 76 is connected to a return line T, ie the piston side 80, 80', 80" +n with the piston chamber 82, 82', 82" +n is connected via the pressure source P to a defined pressure applied.
  • the return T serves to ensure that the fluid runs back via the second pressure line 76 into a tank, not shown here.
  • the first pressure line 74 and the second pressure line 76 are connected to one another by a pressure valve 92, which adjusts the pressure level in the cylinders 67, 67', 67" +n .
  • the pressure valve 92 ensures that a preset pressure is not exceeded .
  • the aggressiveness of the knife rollers 46, 46' is also adjusted, with a far extended piston rod 78, 78', 78" +n producing a deeper and thus more aggressive Working of the knife rollers 46, 46' in the ground and a retracted piston rod 78, 78', 78" +n allows a flatter and a little more aggressive working of the knife rollers 46, 46' in the ground.
  • the pressure valve 92 can be set in a fixed manner or configured to be adjustable, with the adjustment being able to be configured manually or electro-proportionally.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Machine agricole de travail du sol (10) qui comprend au moins :
    - une construction châssis (12) destinée à porter plusieurs composantes, destinée notamment au travail du sol,
    - une section de coupe (40) destinée au broyage des résidus végétaux à la surface d'un sol à travailler et/ou sur lequel ladite machine de travail du sol (10) doit passer, ladite section de coupe (40) comprend au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') rotatifs agencés l'un derrière l'autre dans le sens de la marche (F) de ladite machine de travail du sol (10), lesdits cylindres de coupe (46, 46') étant montés sur un oscillateur (56) et constituant ensemble un groupe tandem qui est fixé pivotant sur une console (58) disposée sur la construction châssis (12), ledit oscillateur (56) étant disposé sur la console (58) au moyen d'éléments de palier (63) déformables de manière élastique et générant une force de précontrainte, et lesdits au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') de la section de coupe (40) agencés l'un derrière l'autre dans le sens de la marche (F) étant agencés décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre à la diagonale du sens de marche (F),
    - une section à dents (42) en aval de la section de coupe (40) dans le sens de la marche (F) de la machine de travail du sol (10), destinée à la répartition des résidus végétaux broyés et à l'aplanissement de la surface du sol, ainsi que
    - une section de rappuyage (44) en aval de la section à dents (42) dans le sens de la marche (F), destinée au rappuyage du sol ameubli et/ou aplani,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    la console (58) est disposée ajustable en hauteur sur la construction châssis (12) au moyen d'un élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n) sous forme d'un cylindre à double effet (67, 67', 67"+n), ledit élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n) étant relié à un dispositif de commande (S) qui permet de piloter l'élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n),
    une force de précontrainte ainsi qu'une force de pression étant générées sur les cylindres de coupe (46, 46') par le biais d'un niveau de pression réglé dans le cylindre (67, 67', 67"+n) et/ou par le biais des éléments de palier (63) prévus dans la console (58).
  2. Machine de travail du sol selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la console (58) est disposée sur la construction châssis (12) de manière réglable en hauteur.
  3. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') respectifs sont fixés à l'oscillateur (56) à l'avant et/ou à l'arrière vu dans le sens de la marche (F).
  4. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle une force de pression peut être générée ou est générée sur le cylindre de coupe (46, 46') au moyen de l'élément linéaire (66), ladite force de pression pouvant être ajustée de manière variable.
  5. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle un dispositif de sécurité mécanique et/ou hydraulique contre la surcharge est associé à l'élément linéaire (66) pour limiter la force de pression sur le cylindre de coupe (46, 46').
  6. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdits au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') agencés l'un derrière l'autre sont réalisés ou constitués de manière respectivement distincte.
  7. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les cylindres de coupe (46, 46') présentent des lames (68) orientées à la diagonale du sens de marche (F), lesdites lames (68) sont rectilignes et/ou sous forme de spirale et/ou de forme incurvée.
  8. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui se compose de plusieurs sections de machine (16, 18, 20, 22) agencées rétractables les unes par rapport aux autres, au moins un oscillateur (56) doté d'au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') agencés l'un derrière l'autre ainsi qu'une section à dents (42) et une section de rappuyage (44) étant associés à chacune des sections de la machine (16, 18, 20, 22).
  9. Machine de travail du sol selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle les cylindres de coupe (46, 46'), qui sont agencés sur deux sections de machine (16, 18, 20, 22) rétractables l'une vers l'autre dans au moins deux rangées l'une derrière l'autre, sont agencés respectivement décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre et/ou pénètrent dans le champ de travail de la section de machine rétractable (16, 18, 20, 22) voisine.
  10. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 9, dans laquelle la force de pression peut être modifiée de manière variable en fonction de la largeur des sections de machine (16, 18, 20, 22) et/ou des cylindres de coupe (46, 46').
  11. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la console (58) est, dans ses composantes, orientée du haut à l'avant vers le bas à l'arrière.
  12. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la section à dents (42) présente au moins deux supports (48, 48') agencés l'un derrière l'autre, sur chacun desquels des dents (50, 50') sont fixées.
  13. Machine de travail du sol selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle l'angle des dents (50, 50') par rapport à la surface du sol peut être modifié.
  14. Machine de travail du sol selon la revendication 12 ou 13, dans laquelle les dents (50, 50') sont réalisées en tant que dents de raclage ou pointes de soc.
  15. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la section de rappuyage (44) comprend au moins un rouleau de compactage (52) rotatif.
  16. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la section à dents (42) et/ou la section de rappuyage (44), notamment les dents (50, 50') et/ou le rouleau de compactage (52) sont fixés ajustables en hauteur par rapport à la construction châssis (12).
  17. Machine de travail du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle des roues de guidage en profondeur (36, 36') sont agencées en amont de la section de coupe (40), et/ou dans laquelle des roues de guidage en profondeur (36, 36') sont agencées entre la section de coupe (40) et la section à dents (42), et/ou dans laquelle des roues de guidage en profondeur (36, 36') sont agencées de manière intégrée dans la section de coupe (40) et/ou dans la section à dents (42).
  18. Procédé de travail du sol comprenant au moins les étapes :
    - broyage de résidus végétaux à la surface du sol au moyen d'une section de coupe (40), laquelle comprend au moins deux cylindres de coupe (46, 46') agencés l'un derrière l'autre dans le sens de la marche (F) et à la diagonale du sens de la marche (F), décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre, lesdits cylindres de coupe (46, 46') étant disposés pivotants sur une console (58) au moyen d'un oscillateur (56), ladite console (58) étant fixée à une construction châssis (12) portant les composantes de la machine de travail du sol (10), ledit oscillateur (56) étant disposé sur la console (58) au moyen d'éléments de palier (63) déformables de manière élastique et générant une force de précontrainte,
    - répartition de résidus végétaux et aplanissement de la surface du sol, au moyen d'au moins une section à dents (42) suivant la section de coupe (40) dans le sens de la marche (F), ainsi que
    - rappuyage du sol ameubli au moyen d'une section de rappuyage (44) suivant, dans le sens de la marche (F), la section à dents (42),
    caractérisé en ce que la console (58) est disposée ajustable en hauteur sur la construction châssis (12) au moyen d'un élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n) sous forme d'un cylindre à double effet (67, 67', 67"+n), ledit élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n) étant relié à un dispositif de commande (S) qui permet de piloter l'élément linéaire (66, 66', 66"+n),
    une force de précontrainte ainsi qu'une force de pression étant générées sur les cylindres de coupe (46, 46') par le biais d'un niveau de pression réglé dans le cylindre (67, 67', 67"+n) et/ou par le biais des éléments de palier (63) prévus dans la console (58).
  19. Procédé selon la revendication 18, dans lequel la console (58) est disposée sur la construction châssis (12) de manière ajustable en hauteur au moyen d'au moins un élément linéaire (66), une force de pression étant générée sur les cylindres de coupe (46, 46') à l'aide dudit au moins un élément linéaire (66), ladite force de pression étant ajustable de manière variable.
EP19160775.3A 2018-04-18 2019-03-05 Machine agricole de traitement du sol ainsi que procédé de traitement du sol Active EP3556192B1 (fr)

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DE102018205887.3A DE102018205887A1 (de) 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 Landwirtschaftliche Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Bodenbearbeitung

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DE102018211814A1 (de) * 2018-07-16 2020-01-16 Horsch Maschinen Gmbh Landwirtschaftliche Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Bodenbearbeitung
EP4066612A1 (fr) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-05 Czajkowski Maszyny Sp. z o.o. Unité de travail d'un cultivateur
DE102021132345A1 (de) 2021-12-08 2023-06-15 Horsch Maschinen Gmbh Verschleißoptimierte Klinge für eine Messerwalze einer Bodenbearbeitungs- und/oder Saatmaschine, landwirtschaftliche Bodenbearbeitungs- und/oder Saatmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verschleißoptimierten Klinge

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DE3541543A1 (de) * 1985-11-25 1987-05-27 Fritz Guettler Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine oder/und bodenbearbeitungsgeraet, wie von motorkraft angetriebene bodenfraese, zinkenrotor, kreiselegge u.ae., oder/und zinkenbestueckte, nur von der schlepperzugkraft durch den boden gezogene bodenbearbeitungsgeraete mit an ihrem hinteren ende loesbar und wechselweise angeordneter, mehr-achsig hintereinander gestaffelter, die bearbeitungstiefe regelnde, das geraete/maschinengewicht tragende und der bodenrueckfestigung dienende bodenwalze
DE9418722U1 (de) * 1994-11-25 1996-04-04 Rau, Willy, 73230 Kirchheim Landwirtschaftliche Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine

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DE2450562A1 (de) * 1974-10-24 1976-04-01 Schoenberger Kg Jakob Bodenbearbeitungsgeraet fuer schlepperzug
DE3707758C2 (de) * 1986-04-21 1996-10-17 Lemken Kg Pflugfab Saatbettkombination
FR2619667B1 (fr) * 1987-08-31 1991-05-17 Huard Sa Perfectionnement aux outils agricoles de reprise de labour
US8020629B1 (en) 2008-05-21 2011-09-20 Mcfarlane Manufacturing Co., Inc. Low-disturbance tillage tool
US20130199807A1 (en) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-08 Mark Hoffman Tillage System with Interchangeable Modules
PL2868177T3 (pl) 2013-11-05 2016-03-31 Kverneland Group Les Landes Genusson Sposób i urządzenie do bronowania

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DE3541543A1 (de) * 1985-11-25 1987-05-27 Fritz Guettler Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine oder/und bodenbearbeitungsgeraet, wie von motorkraft angetriebene bodenfraese, zinkenrotor, kreiselegge u.ae., oder/und zinkenbestueckte, nur von der schlepperzugkraft durch den boden gezogene bodenbearbeitungsgeraete mit an ihrem hinteren ende loesbar und wechselweise angeordneter, mehr-achsig hintereinander gestaffelter, die bearbeitungstiefe regelnde, das geraete/maschinengewicht tragende und der bodenrueckfestigung dienende bodenwalze
DE9418722U1 (de) * 1994-11-25 1996-04-04 Rau, Willy, 73230 Kirchheim Landwirtschaftliche Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine

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EP3556192A1 (fr) 2019-10-23
DE102018205887A1 (de) 2019-10-24

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