EP3554737A1

EP3554737A1 - Grid structure and method for producing a grid structure

Info

Publication number: EP3554737A1
Application number: EP17825826.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Corinna WENDELER-GOEGGELMANN
Original assignee: Geobrugg AG
Current assignee: Geobrugg AG
Priority date: 2016-12-19
Filing date: 2017-12-19
Publication date: 2019-10-23
Also published as: TW201825826A; CO2019002635A2; WO2018114967A1; CA3046707A1; PE20191220A1; US20190383015A1; AR110553A1; CN110114165A; DE102016124850A1; BR112019011480A2; AU2017384434A1; KR20190099025A; MX2019006261A; PH12019501283A1; CL2019001472A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a grid structure, in particular a steel grid structure, comprising at least one longitudinal element (12a, 14a; 12b, 14b; 12c, 14c; 12d, 14d) and at least one edge element (16a, 18a; 16b; 16c; 16d) which runs perpendicular or transverse to the longitudinal element (12a, 14a; 12b, 14b; 12c, 14c; 12d, 14d) and is designed as an individual wire, rod, wire strand, pipe or profile, and which forms in particular at least one part of a grid edge (24a; 24b; 24c; 24d), wherein the longitudinal element (12a, 14a; 12b, 14b; 12c, 14c; 12d, 14d) is wound around the edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a; 16b; 16c; 16d) multiple times in a securing region (26a; 26b; 26c; 26d) of the edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a; 16b; 16c; 16d) in order to secure same to the edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a; 16b; 16c; 16d).

Description

Lattice structure and method for producing a lattice structure

State of the art

The invention relates to a lattice structure according to claim 1 and to a method for producing a lattice structure according to claim 14.

Grids are known which are used as components in the form of flat or corrugated supporting or protective gratings. Nodes of these grids are welded, secured with clamps and / or provided with additional wire material to give these nodes a tensile and / or shear strength, so that corresponding grids deform under load only to a small extent. In particular, in the case of additional fasteners such as terminals or wires, this entails a high production cost. Furthermore, in particular welding operations often bring about structural changes that can produce punctual weak points of the corresponding grid. For example, from AT 409 506 B, a grid structure is known, which consists of rod-shaped upper and lower chords, between which connecting rods are welded. Corresponding welds formed

Nodes cause a high production cost and also go hand in hand with structural changes. The object of the invention is in particular to provide a generic lattice structure with advantageous properties in terms of manufacturability and / or a load capacity. Furthermore, the invention is

in particular the task, with little effort resilient

Create link points of a grid structure. In addition, the lies - -

Invention in particular the object of enabling a cost-effective production of reliable links between an inner grid and a grid edge. In particular, these objects are achieved by the features of claims 1 and 14, while advantageous

Refinements and developments of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims.

Advantages of the invention

The invention relates to a, in particular at least substantially sweat-free and / or solderless, lattice structure, in particular a steel grid structure, with at least one longitudinal element and at least one perpendicular or oblique, in particular angled, extending to the longitudinal element, as

Single wire, rod, wire strand, pipe or profile formed edge element, in particular forms at least a portion of a grid edge, wherein the

Longitudinal element for its attachment to the edge element in one

Attachment of the edge element is wound several times around the edge element.

Due to the inventive design of the lattice structure advantageous properties in terms of a particularly simple and / or

low cost manufacturability can be achieved. In particular, longitudinal and / or transverse elements of a lattice structure can be fastened to a lattice frame simply and / or reliably and / or cost-effectively. Advantageously, a weld-free connection, in particular a winding of wires, strands, rods, profiles or the like can be provided, which is secured against unwinding and / or twisting. In addition, a resilient

Lattice structure can be provided. In particular, loadable and / or shear and / or tension-proof connection points of a lattice structure can be realized cost-effectively. Furthermore, exposure to high temperatures, the

possibly cause a structural change, be avoided on a lattice structure, for example in a welding and / or soldering. , ,

Advantageously, coatings and / or surface structures of wires, strands, pipes and the like used remain largely or completely unhurt and / or uninfluenced, so that a high corrosion resistance can be achieved, in particular in linking areas. In particular, the grid structure is suitable and / or intended for use in the reinforcement, protection and / or security area. For example, the grid structure for reinforcements in concrete and / or asphalt can be inserted and / or used as a reinforcement in mining. But it is also conceivable that the

Lattice structure as slope protection, cover, protective enclosure,

in particular as avalanche protection, as rockfall protection, as at least partially building envelope, protective element, separating element, fence, vandalism protection or the like, in particular parallel, perpendicular or oblique to a

Substrate installed, usable.

In particular, the lattice structure, preferably apart from any coating, is at least partially advantageous to at least a majority or entirely of metal, in particular of steel and / or stainless steel

educated. Advantageously, the lattice structure has a particular

corrosion resistant and / or corrosion protective coating.

For example, the grid structure may be galvanized, in particular hot-dip galvanized and / or an aluminum-zinc coating and / or a metal oxide coating and / or a ceramic coating and / or a

Have plastic coating. At least 55%, advantageously at least 65%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 85%, and particularly advantageously at least 95%, but in particular also completely, is to be understood by the term "at least a majority". By "provided" is intended to be understood in particular specially programmed, designed and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should in particular mean that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state. - -

Advantageously, the lattice structure has at least one transverse element designed in particular as a single wire, rod, wire strand, tube or profile, which intersects the longitudinal element in at least one crossing area, in particular perpendicularly, whereby advantageously a high load capacity can be achieved.

In particular, the longitudinal element and the transverse element intersect in the crossing region at an angle of at least substantially 90 ° or at an angle of at least substantially 60 °. However, any other angles, such as about 10 °, about 20 °, about 30 °, about 45 ° or about 70 ° or intermediate values are conceivable. Preferably, the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element runs at least substantially parallel to one

Main extension plane of the lattice structure. Advantageously, the longitudinal element and the transverse element in the crossing region in particular are connected to each other without welding. Preferably, the longitudinal element and the transverse element in the crossing region are non-positively and / or positively connected. In this context, "at least essentially" is to be understood in particular as meaning that a deviation from a predefined value corresponds in particular to less than 15%, preferably less than 10% and particularly preferably less than 5% of the predetermined value Object should in particular a level

be understood, which is parallel to a largest side surface of a smallest imaginary cuboid, which just completely encloses the object, and in particular passes through the center of the cuboid. By "at least substantially parallel" should be understood here in particular an orientation of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, wherein the direction relative to the reference direction a deviation in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously smaller than 2 °.

In particular, the grid element has a plurality of longitudinal elements, in particular at least substantially identical to one another, and a plurality of, in particular, at least substantially one another and / or to , ,

the longitudinal element identically formed cross members.

Of course, it is conceivable that longitudinal elements and / or transverse elements are designed differently from one another and / or that the grid structure has a plurality of different types of longitudinal elements and / or a plurality of different types of transverse elements. Preferably, the longitudinal elements are at least substantially parallel to each other. Particularly preferably, the transverse elements extend at least substantially parallel to one another. Advantageously, the longitudinal elements and the transverse elements form several in particular

rectangular, advantageously square stitches. However, other geometries are conceivable, such as triangular or pentagonal or hexagonal or polygonal, in particular regular or irregular, mesh geometries. By "at least substantially identical" objects, in this context, objects are to be understood in particular that are constructed in such a way that they can each perform a common function and differ in their construction apart from manufacturing tolerances at most by individual elements that are insignificant for the common function are, and beneficial objects, apart from

Manufacturing tolerances and / or are designed identically within the scope of production engineering possibilities, which should be understood by identical objects in particular also mutually symmetrical objects.

Advantageously, the longitudinal element and / or the cross member and / or the

Edge element at least partially, in particular at least a major part of a metal, in particular made of steel and / or stainless steel, in particular made of a high-strength steel. For example, the high strength steel may be spring steel and / or wire steel and / or steel suitable for wire ropes. Advantageously, the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or the edge element comprises at least one wire, which advantageously extends over a corresponding length of the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or the edge element and / or is formed in one piece. In particular, the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or , ,

the edge element and / or the wire has a tensile strength of at least

800 N mm ^"2 , advantageously of at least 1000 N mm ^{" 2} , particularly advantageously of at least 1200 N mm ^"2 , preferably of at least 1400 N mm ^{" 2} and more preferably of at least 1600 N mm ^"2 , in particular one

Tensile strength of about 1770 N mm ^"2 or from about 1960 N mm ^{" 2} on. It is also conceivable that the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or the edge element and / or the wire has an even higher tensile strength, for example a tensile strength of at least 2000 N mm ^"2 , or at least 2200 N mm ^{" 2} , or also of at least 2400 N mm ^-2 . In this context, a "wire" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an elongate and / or thin and / or at least mechanically bendable and / or flexible body. Preferably, the wire strand has at least two, in particular a plurality of, for example three or four or five or ten or even more, in particular identical, advantageously wound around each other wires. Advantageously, the wire has an at least substantially constant, in particular circular or elliptical cross section along its longitudinal direction. Particularly advantageously, the wire is designed as a round wire. But it is also conceivable that the wire is at least partially or completely formed as a flat wire, a square wire, a polygonal wire and / or a profile wire. For example, the wire may be at least partially or completely made of metal, in particular a metal alloy, and / or organic and / or inorganic plastic and / or a

Composite material and / or an inorganic non-metallic material and / or a ceramic material may be formed. For example, it is conceivable that the wire is designed as a polymer wire or a plastic wire. In particular, the wire may be formed as a composite wire, for example as a metal-organic composite wire and / or a metal-inorganic composite wire and / or a metal-polymer composite wire and / or a metal-metal composite wire or the like. In particular, it is conceivable that the wire comprises at least two different materials, in particular , ,

arranged according to a composite geometry relative to each other and / or at least partially mixed together. The wire is advantageously designed as a metal wire, in particular as a steel wire, in particular as a stainless steel wire. If the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or the edge element has a plurality of wires, these are preferably identical. However, it is also conceivable that the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element and / or the edge element has a plurality of wires, in particular with regard to their material and / or their diameter and / or their cross-section

differ. It is conceivable that the wire is made of a composite material. In particular, it is conceivable that the wire at least two

includes different materials. Preferably, the wire has a particular corrosion resistant coating and / or sheath such as a zinc coating and / or an aluminum-zinc coating and / or a plastic coating and / or a PET coating and / or a metal oxide coating and / or a ceramic coating or the like ,

Preferably, the edge element is formed as a single wire or a rod. Advantageously, the edge element has an at least substantially constant and / or a circular or elliptical cross section. However, it is also conceivable that the edge element is designed as a pipe or a profile, in particular with a constant or a variable cross section.

Preferably, the edge element has a higher bending stiffness than that

Longitudinal element and / or as the cross element. It is also conceivable that the edge element is at least substantially identical to the transverse element and / or to the longitudinal element. Under that an object one

"At least substantially constant cross-section" is to be understood in particular that for any first cross-section of the object along at least one direction and any second cross-section of the object along the direction of a minimum surface area of a differential area formed when superimposing the cross sections becomes, , ,

not more than 20%, advantageously not more than 10% and particularly advantageously not more than 5% of the surface area of the larger of the two cross sections. It is conceivable that the edge element and the longitudinal and / or transverse element are at least partially formed in one piece. Advantageously should be understood in one piece and one piece. The term "one-piece" should be understood to mean, in particular, a single piece, preferably a piece made from a single blank, a mass and / or a casting, particularly preferably in an injection molding process, in particular a single and / or multi-component injection molding process. Advantageously, the longitudinal element is wound around the edge element at least twice, preferably at least three times, preferably at least four times, and particularly preferably at least five times If the longitudinal element has a plurality of wires or the like, it is conceivable that these wires are wound individually or jointly around the edge element and / or Preferably, the longitudinal element is tightly wound in the fastening region, and it is conceivable for windings described herein that they are left-handed or right-handed Advantageously, by means of a suitable winding, a planar lattice may be used stru ctu re

to be provided. Furthermore, it is conceivable that windings are designed to be multi-layered and / or multi-layered and comprise, for example, at least one inner winding having a first accessibility and / or a first winding angle and at least one second winding having a second accessibility and / or a second winding angle. It is conceivable that, in particular when the edge element and the longitudinal element and / or transverse element are at least partially formed in one piece, which are connected by a loop, merge into one another via a loop and / or form a loop, preferably at one end of the loop Longitudinal element and / or the transverse element forms a winding, which may be wound in particular around the edge element. This can advantageously be formed, in particular at one end of a longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element, a kind of knot loop. , ,

Windings of adjacent longitudinal elements preferably run in

opposite directions along the corresponding edge element, to which the longitudinal elements are attached. Particularly preferably, windings of adjacent transverse elements extend in opposite directions along the corresponding further edge element to which the transverse elements are fastened. As a result, stresses in the grid can be advantageously avoided. In this way, a flat grid can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner. It is also conceivable that windings run in the same direction and / or a direction is selected point-symmetrically and / or mirror-symmetrically with respect to a grid center and / or an axis of symmetry of a grid. Furthermore, windings may differ in their mobility.

In particular, the lattice structure has a length and / or width of at least 0.5 m, advantageously of at least 1 m, particularly advantageously of at least 2 m, and preferably of about 3 m and / or of at most 10 m, advantageously of at most 5 m , particularly advantageously of at most 4 m. However, any dimensions are conceivable which, for example, deviate from the values given here by a factor of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 or even more or any other factor. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the edge element in the attachment region has at least one, in particular one-sided or two-sided, flattening. Preferably that is

Flattened edge element in the mounting area and / or pressed.

Advantageously, the flattening has a different cross section from a circle or an ellipse. In particular, the longitudinal element is wrapped tightly around the flattening in particular. Advantageously, the longitudinal element abuts the flattening in the attachment region. Preferably, the

Flattening, in particular in a view parallel to a lattice plane and perpendicular to the edge element, a curved, in particular

arcuate, advantageously concave, surface on. Particularly preferred - -

the flattening formed as a concave curved from opposite sides of indentation. In particular, the surface of the flattening has a radius of curvature of at least 1 cm, advantageously of at least 2 cm and particularly advantageously of at least 2 cm and / or of at most 20 cm, advantageously of at most 10 cm and particularly advantageously of at most 8 cm. As a result, slipping and / or unwinding in a connection region can advantageously be avoided. Furthermore, this makes it possible to provide a load-bearing connection which can be produced by means of winding.

In particular, the flattening, in particular a center of the flattening, is in a longitudinal extension direction of the flattened element, for example of the edge element, of the longitudinal element and / or of the flattening element

Transverse element, and / or the winding relative to the winding, in particular to a center of the winding, staggered. Under one

"Longitudinal direction" of an object should be understood in particular a direction which is parallel to a largest side edge of a smallest geometric cuboid, which just completely encloses the object. A "center of the flattening" is to be understood in particular as meaning a point of the flattening which forms a midpoint of an extension of the flattening in the direction of longitudinal extent of the flattened element, for example the edge element, the longitudinal element and / or the transverse element Winding "should be understood in particular a point of the winding, which forms a center of an extension of the winding in the longitudinal direction of the winding. In particular, an offset of the center of the winding and the center of the flattening in the longitudinal direction is at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, advantageously at least 25%, preferably at least 30% and most preferably at least 40% of a total longitudinal extent of the flattening and / or the winding. In particular, the offset is formed from the center of the flattening in a direction in which the winding forming element, in particular the wrapping element, - -

For example, the longitudinal element, the cross member and / or the edge element, connects to the winding. In particular, the offset is formed from the center of the flattening in a direction in which a longitudinal component of a tensile force parallel to the longitudinal direction is directed, which in a train on the winding forming element, in particular the wrapping element, for example the longitudinal element, the transverse element and / or the edge element, on the winding forming element, in particular the wrapping element, for example the

Longitudinal element, the transverse element and / or the edge element, acts. As a result, a lattice structure with a high stability, in particular against breakage, displacement of nodal points and / or Aufdrillen can be advantageously achieved.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the longitudinal element is connected against rotation with the edge element, in particular with the flattening, in particular in the connection areas.

In particular, the longitudinal element in the fastening region is positively wrapped around the flattening. This can advantageously a twisting a

Connection, especially in a load case, can be prevented.

It is also proposed that the longitudinal element is designed as a wire strand. In particular, the wire strand has several, in particular two, wires which extend without interruption over a length of the longitudinal element.

Advantageously, the longitudinal element is wound as a whole around the edge element.

In particular, wires of the elongate element formed as a wire strand of its twist are wound in a retaining manner around the edge element in accordance with a strand geometry. As a result, a high load capacity of a grid surface and / or an edge connection can be achieved.

It is also proposed that the lattice structure be a perpendicular to the edge element or obliquely, in particular an angle, extending further

Having edge element. Advantageously, the edge element and the other

Edge element formed at least substantially identical. This is preferred - -

formed further edge element than a single wire or a rod, but it can also be designed as a wire strand, a pipe, a profile or the like. Preferably, the grid structure has a plurality of particular

interconnected edge elements, which together form the lattice edge in particular completely. Advantageously, the lattice structure has four

Edge elements on. However, it is also conceivable that the grid structure has three or five or six or even more edge elements, which are arranged in particular regularly and / or with identical angles to each other. Preferably, the grid structure is rectangular, in particular square. The lattice structure may also be triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, polygonal or otherwise shaped, for example elliptical or circular or irregularly shaped.

Preferably, the longitudinal element is parallel to at least one

Edge element of the lattice structure, in particular to two parallel and / or oppositely arranged edge elements of the lattice structure. Particularly preferably, the transverse element runs parallel to at least one, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal element extending edge element of the grid structure, in particular to two parallel and / or

oppositely arranged edge elements of the grid structure. This can advantageously be provided in a cost-effective manner a stable and / or loadable frame for a grid.

An advantageously cost-producible, in particular resilient edge of a grid structure can be provided when the edge element in a

Edge connection region of the other edge element several times, in particular at least twice, advantageously at least three times, more preferably at least four times, and preferably at least five times to the other edge element in particular tightly wound. Preferably, the edge element is non-positively and / or positively, in particular free of sweat, with the other

Boundary element connected.

An inexpensive and / or easy to produce lattice edge with torsionally connected edge elements can be provided if the other - -

Edge element in the edge connection region has at least one flat. Preferably, the further edge element is in the

Edge connection area pressed flat and / or pressed. Particularly preferably, the edge element is wound around the flattening and is in particular at this, whereby advantageously unwinding and / or twisting can be prevented.

A dimensionally stable and / or warp-resistant grid edge can be provided if the edge element and the further edge element are connected to one another by means of mutual winding. A winding of the edge element around the further edge element advantageously has a different mobility than a winding of the further edge element around the edge element.

Advantageously, the edge element, in particular analogous to the other

Edge element, an edge connection area and / or a flattening on.

Pressure and / or shear and / or tensile nodes can be realized in a particularly cost-effective manner, when the cross member in the

Crossing area passes through the longitudinal element. Preferably, the wires of the longitudinal element in the crossing region are partially spaced from each other and / or form a passage for the transverse element.

In particular, the transverse element is inserted into the longitudinal element in the crossing region and / or inserted therethrough. It is also conceivable that the longitudinal element in the crossing region is at least partially wound around the transverse element and / or at least partially surrounds it. Preferably, the wires of the longitudinal element clamp in the intersection region, the transverse element at least in sections. In particular, the cross member is in the

Intersection region non-positively and / or positively with the longitudinal element

connected.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the transverse element for its attachment to the further edge element in a mounting region of the other

Edge element several times, in particular at least twice, advantageously at least - -

three times, particularly advantageously at least four times and preferably at least five times around the further edge element is wound. In particular, the further has

Edge element in another mounting area a flattening around which the cross member is wound. It is also conceivable that the

Longitudinal element and the transverse element are fastened to the same edge element, in particular in the case that they each include an angle different from a right angle with the edge element. For example, the lattice structure may have lozenge-shaped meshes, which result from the fact that longitudinal elements and / or transverse elements are attached obliquely to in particular the same edge elements.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the lattice structure form a plurality of longitudinal elements formed as wire strands and a plurality of transverse elements formed as a single wire, rod, wire strand, tube or profile, which form a grid together with the longitudinal elements, and a plurality of the Lattice bordering, as a single wire, rod, wire strand, pipe or profile formed edge elements, wherein the longitudinal elements, the transverse elements and the edge elements by twisting, nested and / or wrapping, in particular free of sweat and / or solder joints and / or free of material connection points connected to each other are. Advantageously, the grid structure or at least one multiple stitches and at least a part of a peripheral element comprehensive

Substructure free of welds and / or solder joints and / or splices and / or other cohesive connection points. In this way, a lattice structure can be provided, with low production costs

can be produced and on resilient and twist-proof node and

Has edge joints.

It is also proposed that a longitudinal and / or a transverse element in at least one fastening region and / or an edge element in at least one edge connection region form at least partially a wrapping element, which itself and / or a longitudinal transverse and / or edge element - -

wrapped several times, wherein at least the wrapping element is at least partially flattened. As a result, it is advantageously possible to further increase a load-bearing capacity and / or a security against twisting of the weld-free connection, and in particular to further improve a safeguard against unwinding. Under a wrapping element is in particular an element, preferably a longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element, understood, which forms a winding and thereby preferably by a longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element and / or one of the longitudinal -, transverse and / or edge element various other longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element is wound. A "wrapping element" is to be understood as meaning in particular an element which wraps around a further element at least twice, preferably at least more than twice, in particular in its full extent. the wrapping element has at least one at least partially flattened winding. A "flattened winding" is designed, in particular, as a winding which after production has been subjected to a force which flattens and / or flattens the winding, in particular changing a winding cross section of the winding Alternatively, it is conceivable that only the winding cross section changes during flattening and the cross section of the longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element forming the winding remains at least essentially the same Element in a direction perpendicular to a winding axis around which the wrapping element is wound., In particular, a winding and / or a wrapping element after flattening in at least one spatial direction, which is preferably at least substantially parallel to a force direction ng flattening and / or flattening force extends, a smaller extent than before flattening. The

Extension of the winding and / or the wrapping element in the

Spatial direction is in particular at least 10% smaller after flattening, - -

preferably at least 30% smaller, preferably at least 50% smaller or particularly preferably 100% smaller than before flattening.

In addition, it is proposed that a longitudinal and / or a transverse element in at least one attachment region and / or edge element at least partially forms a wrapping element in at least one edge connection region, which element repeatedly wraps itself and / or a longitudinal transverse and / or edge element in that the wrapping element forms a braking element which is in particular provided by means of a winding of at least part of a winding of the wrapping element, an acceleration acting on the wrapping element and / or on the grid structure, for example by an impact of a load on the grid structure , to delay. As a result, in particular an advantageous braking effect of the lattice structure can be achieved, whereby in particular an advantageous force redirection and / or force absorption of a force, which acts, for example, by a collision of a load on the lattice structure, can be achieved. In particular, that is

Brake element provided at least to absorb a force acting on the grid structure force by means of an irreversible deformation of the brake element. The irreversible deformation comprises at least partial

Unwinding at least one wrapping element and / or at least one winding in at least one attachment area and / or

Edge connection area. In particular, the element wrapped by the braking element is free of flattening. In particular, that is

Brake element free of flattened parts.

Furthermore, it is proposed that at least one longitudinal element at least partially forms a closed loop. As a result, advantageously, a fastening region of the lattice structure can be created, which can advantageously be provided with one another for external attachment and / or a connection of individual longitudinal, transverse and / or edge elements. A "closed loop" is intended in particular to mean one, in particular in the

knotenkundlichen meaning, an eye-forming form to be understood. - -

In particular, a loop is formed as a kind of knot, which does not tighten, especially in a tensile load.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the closed loop for

Training and / or attachment of the grid structure in a further closed loop, which at least partially by another longitudinal element

is formed, and / or engages in an external fastener. As a result, in particular an advantageous connection of individual longitudinal transverse and / or edge elements with one another, in particular for the formation of the lattice structure, and / or an advantageous connection of the lattice structure with one of the

Lattice structure different, external structure can be created.

In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing a lattice structure, in particular a steel grid structure, with at least one longitudinal element and at least one perpendicular or oblique to the longitudinal element extending, designed as a single wire, rod, wire strand, tube or profile edge element, in particular at least part of a Grid edge forms, the

Longitudinal element for its attachment to the edge element in one

Fixing portion of the edge element several times, in particular at least twice, advantageously at least three times, more preferably at least four times, and preferably at least five times is wrapped around the edge element. By the method according to the invention advantageous properties in terms of a particularly simple and / or cost-effective

Manufacturability can be achieved. In particular, longitudinal and / or

Cross members of a grid structure are easily and / or reliably and / or inexpensively attached to a grid frame. Advantageously, a weld-free connection, in particular a winding of wires, strands,

Be provided bars, profiles or the like, which is secured against unwinding and / or twisting. In addition, a resilient

Lattice structure can be provided. In particular, loadable and / or shear and / or tension-resistant connection points of a lattice structure can be cost-effective - -

will be realized. Furthermore, exposure to high temperatures, the

possibly cause a structural change, a grating structure, for example in a welding and / or soldering, be dispensed with.

It is also proposed that the edge element is at least partially flattened before wrapping with the longitudinal element in the attachment region, in particular to produce the flattening. Preferably, the edge elements of the grid structure are flattened in their attachment areas and / or edge connection area and / or provided with at least one flattening before corresponding elements are wound and / or bent around the corresponding area for their attachment.

In addition, it is proposed that at least one longitudinal element forming at least one winding and / or at least one transverse element forming at least one winding be provided at least in the fastening region

Grid structure and / or in at least one edge connection region of the

Edge element at least one, at least one winding forming

Edge element, at least partially flattened. As a result, a grid structure with further improved stability, load capacity and / or security against unwinding can advantageously be created. In particular, the longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element forming the winding is flattened in plane, which at least substantially parallel to one

Main extension plane of the grid structure runs. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element forming the winding is flattened in a plane which is angled, in particular at least in the plane

Substantially perpendicular to the main plane of extension of the lattice structure. A "main extension plane" of a structural unit is to be understood in particular as meaning a plane which is parallel to a largest side surface of a smallest imaginary cuboid which just completely surrounds the structural unit, and in particular runs through the center of the cuboid. - -

Furthermore, it is proposed that, in particular in at least one

Process step, at least two longitudinal elements are twisted into a strand of wire, wherein at least one impact of the wire strand, in particular during the stranding, is widened. As a result, it is possible with advantage to produce a wire strand which provides intermediate spaces for injecting transverse elements during production of the lattice structure. By widening during the stranding, it is advantageously possible to avoid subsequently widening blows of the wire strand, for example by pulling it apart. As a result, it is advantageously possible to produce a particularly uniform strand of wire, in particular a strand of wire, with particularly uniform widening, whereby in particular a stiffer wire strand can be produced. Advantageously, an overall stiffer system of longitudinal and transverse elements and thus in particular a stiffer grid structure can be made possible. In particular, an improved clamping of transverse elements in the widened strikes of the wire strand at crossing regions can be achieved. In particular, a regular sequence of strikes of the wire strand is widened. In particular, a widening element is pushed between the longitudinal elements to be twisted, so that the widening element is clamped between the longitudinal elements after a twisting of the region to be widened, immediately before twisting the widened region. After a

Completing the entire wire strand will remove all expander elements, leaving a strand of wire with one of the number of expansion elements

corresponding number of expanded beats arises.

It is also proposed that the strand of wire with the at least one

expanded blow by pressing, hammering, compacting and / or

Processing is stiffened by means of a drawing die. As a result, advantageously a particularly rigid grid structure can be made possible. In particular, the widened impact of the wire strand can be stiffened before and / or after the transverse elements have been shot in by pressing, hammering and / or compacting. In particular by a processing, in particular a pull through, the - -

Wire strands with the expanded blows by a die can be achieved a particularly uniform shape of the expanded strikes of the wire strand.

A high cost efficiency with regard to a production of a lattice structure and / or advantageous properties with regard to a production of a lattice structure

loadable grid structure can be achieved with a manufacturing apparatus, which is provided for a production of the grid structure and / or for carrying out the method for producing a grid structure.

In general, compounds described herein between components of the lattice structure as well as resulting geometries shall be considered as arbitrary to others

Components of the grid structure are transferable. For example, transverse elements and / or edge elements can be connected and / or arranged and / or formed in the same way as longitudinal elements and / or vice versa.

The lattice structure according to the invention or the method according to the invention should not be limited to the applications described above and

Be limited embodiments. In particular, the lattice structure according to the invention or the method according to the invention can be used to form a

Fulfillment of a functionality described herein one of a number of individual elements and / or components mentioned herein and / or

Units and / or process steps have different numbers.

In particular, the method according to the invention may include special method steps in which at least one of the above-described features of the grid structure according to the invention is generated and / or added and / or implemented, in particular by a suitable manufacturing method or a suitable manufacturing step.

drawings Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, three embodiments of the invention are shown. The

Drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Show it:

1 shows a grid structure in a schematic plan view,

Fig. 2 shows a part of the grid structure in a schematic

Sectional view

3 shows the lattice structure in a schematic side view,

Fig. 4 is a mounting portion of a peripheral element and a with the

Edge element connected longitudinal element in a schematic

Sectional view

5 shows a fastening region of a further edge element as well as a cross element connected to the further edge element in a schematic sectional representation,

Fig. 6 shows an alternative edge mounting area in one

schematic sectional view,

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for

Production of the lattice structure,

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of a method to a

Production of a longitudinal element,

9 is a schematic representation of a method step of

10 shows a production apparatus for producing the lattice structure in a schematic plan view, FIG.

Fig. 1 1, a winding unit of the manufacturing apparatus in a

perspective view,

Fig. 12 shows an alternative manufacturing apparatus for producing the

Lattice structure in a schematic plan view, - -

13 shows a first alternative lattice structure in a schematic

Top view,

14 shows a second alternative lattice structure in a schematic

Top view,

15 shows a third alternative lattice structure in a schematic

Top view,

Fig. 1 6 a fastening region of a peripheral element and a with the

Edge element connected alternative longitudinal element in a schematic sectional view,

17 shows an attachment region of a further edge element and an alternative connected to the further edge element

Transverse element in a schematic sectional representation, FIG. 18 shows a further alternative edge fastening region in a schematic sectional illustration,

19 shows a fastening region of an alternative edge element and one connected to the alternative edge element

Braking element forming further alternative longitudinal element in a schematic sectional view,

Fig. 20 is a mounting portion of an alternative alternative

Edge element and one with the alternative further

Edge element connected, forming another brake element, another alternative cross member in a schematic sectional view,

Fig. 21 additional additional alternative longitudinal elements, and connected to the additional additional alternative longitudinal elements

Edge elements in a schematic side view, and Fig. 22, the additional further alternative longitudinal element of FIG. 19

together with an external fastener in a schematic side view. - -

Description of the embodiments

FIG. 1 shows a lattice structure 10a in a schematic plan view. FIG. 2 shows a part of the lattice structure 10a in a schematic

Sectional view. FIG. 3 shows the lattice structure 10a in a schematic side view. The lattice structure 10a has at least one longitudinal element 12a. In the present case, the grid structure 10a has a plurality of parallel longitudinal elements 12a, 14a, which are not all provided with reference numerals for reasons of clarity. The longitudinal elements 12a, 14a are arranged at regular intervals, but other arrangements are conceivable. Furthermore, the lattice structure 10a has at least one, in the present case two, edge elements 16a, 18a running at right angles to the longitudinal element 12a, 14a. The longitudinal element 12a is wound to its attachment to the edge element 1 6a in a mounting region 26a of the edge element 1 6a several times around the edge element 1 6a. The longitudinal element 12a forms in the

Fixing portion 26 a of the edge member 1 6 a from a dense winding 54 a. In the present case, the in particular transversely extending edge elements 1 6a, 18a attachment regions 26a for all longitudinal elements 12a, 14a, each longitudinal element 12a, 14a respectively with opposite and in particular mutually parallel edge elements 1 6a, 18a is connected. The lattice structure 10a in the present case is a steel lattice structure. The

Grid structure 10a, for example, as a reinforcement, protective grid, cover, embankment protection, building envelope, fence or the like can be used more. The lattice structure 10a is formed without welding in the present case. The lattice structure 10a is formed of a high strength steel. Furthermore, the grid structure 10a is hot-dip galvanized. The grid structure 10a has wound and inserted, in particular positive and / or non-positive connections between their individual elements.

The lattice structure 10a has at least one further edge element 20a extending at right angles to the edge element 16a. In the present case, the , -

Grid structure 10a two parallel to the longitudinal element 12a extending further edge elements 20a, 22a. The edge elements 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a each form part of a grid edge 24a. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a form an upper and lower edge of the lattice structure 10a, while the others

Edge elements 20a, 22a form lateral edges of the grid structure 10a. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a together form the grid edge 24a.

In addition, the lattice structure 10a has at least one transverse element 38a, 44a which intersects the longitudinal element 12a in at least one intersection area 40a. In the present case, the longitudinal element 12a and the transverse element 38a intersect at least substantially vertically. The lattice structure 10a has a plurality of, in particular, parallel transverse elements 38a, 44a, which for reasons of clarity are not all provided with reference numerals. The transverse elements 38a, 44a are arranged at regular intervals. The transverse elements 38a of the lattice structure 10a are at least substantially identical in the present case. However, as mentioned above, it is also conceivable that a grid structure comprises different transverse elements.

The transverse element 38a is wound several times around the further edge element 20a in a fastening region 42a of the further edge element 20a for securing it to the further edge element 20a. The transverse element 38a forms a dense winding 52a in the fastening region 42a of the further edge element 20a. The transverse element 38a is connected to opposite, in particular lateral edge elements 20a, 22a of the lattice structure 10a.

The longitudinal member 12a is in the present case as a wire strand 198a

educated. The longitudinal element 12a comprises two wires 48a, 50a twisted together. The wires 48a, 50a are formed as high-strength steel wires. The wires 48a, 50a have in the present case a tensile strength of about

1770 N mm ^"2 , but this value is to be understood as purely exemplary.

Furthermore, the wires 48a, 50a are formed as round wires. The wires 48a, 50a have in the present case a diameter of about 2 mm, wherein , -

Of course, other, especially significantly larger or smaller diameter are conceivable. The longitudinal elements 12a, 14a of the lattice structure 10a are formed in the present case at least substantially identical to one another. The wires 48a, 50a are wound in the winding 54a side by side. But it is also conceivable that individual wires of a strand of wire are wound independently of each other around an edge element, for example in opposite directions. As described above, it is also conceivable that a longitudinal element is designed as a rod, individual wire, profile, tube or the like and / or a plurality of different wires,

in particular also composite wires, flat wires, Ovaldrähte or the like.

The cross member 38a is formed as a single wire. The cross member 38a is formed as a high strength steel wire. The cross member 38a has in the present case a diameter of about 3 mm. However, as mentioned above, it is also conceivable that a transverse element 38a is designed as a rod, a tube, a wire strand, a profile or the like.

The edge elements 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a are formed in the present case as individual wires. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a are round wires

educated. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a have a diameter of about 4 mm, of course, other diameters are conceivable. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a are made of high strength

Steel wire formed. However, as mentioned above, it is also conceivable that individual or all edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a are formed as wire strand, pipe, profile, rod or the like. In the present case, the

Edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a at least substantially identical

educated. Depending on the geometry and / or application, however, it is conceivable, for example, for transverse and longitudinal edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a to differ, for example with regard to a length and / or a

Diameter and / or a material condition and / or a structure. , -

The cross member 38a passes through the longitudinal member 12a in the crossing portion 40a. The wires 48a, 50a of the longitudinal element 12a clamp the transverse element 38a in the crossing region 40a. The longitudinal element 12a and the transverse element 38a are non-positively connected in the crossing region 40a. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that a longitudinal element and a

Cross element twisted together in an intersection region and / or

wrapped around each other and / or knotted together.

The longitudinal elements 12a, 14a and the transverse elements 38a, 44a together form a grid 46a of the grid structure 10a. The edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a surround the grid 46a. The longitudinal elements 12a, 14a, the transverse elements 38a, 44a and the edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a are by twisting,

Ineinanderführen and / or wrapping in particular without welding connected. The grid 46a is bounded by the grid edge 24a. The lattice structure 10a is free of material connection points and / or

Intersection points and / or boundary junctions.

In the present case, the lattice structure 10a has in particular 60x60 cm ² , in particular square meshes. The lattice structure 10a further has a length of about 3 m. In addition, the lattice structure 10a has a width of about 3 m. Furthermore, the lattice structure 10a is at least substantially flat. In particular, the longitudinal elements 12a, 14 extend

Cross members 38a, 44a and the edge elements 1 6a, 1 8a, 20a, 22a of

Grid structure 10a in a common plane and / or parallel to a common plane. But it is also conceivable edge elements with

to provide corresponding curvatures to produce curved grid structures. In addition, completely different dimensions of a grid structure are conceivable. Thus, a grid structure may be elongated, round, elliptical or otherwise shaped. Further, a grid structure may have any other area, for example, a smaller or larger by a factor of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 or 100 area than the area shown here by way of example. , -

The edge element 16a is wound several times around the further edge element 20a in an edge connection region 30a of the further edge element 20a. The edge element 1 6a and the further edge element 20a are interconnected by mutual wrapping. A winding 34a of the edge element 16a around the further edge element 20a has a different mobility than a winding 36a of the further edge element 20a around the edge element 16a. The mutual wrapping of the edge element 1 6a and the further edge element 20a prevents a relative rotation of the edge elements 1 6a, 20a to each other. In the present case, the edge elements 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a are each connected in pairs by means of mutual wrapping. It can thus be provided a dimensionally stable grid edge 24a. In the present case, the edge elements 1 6a, 20a have a constant cross section in the edge connection region 30a.

FIG. 4 shows the fastening region 26a of the edge element 16a and the longitudinal element 12a connected to the edge element 16a in a schematic sectional view. The edge element 16a has at least one flattening 28a in the attachment region 26a. The edge element 16a is flattened in a region of the flattening 28a. In the present case, the edge element 1 6 is flattened from opposite sides. The flattening 28a is formed as a two-sided flattening. But it is also a one-sided flattening conceivable. In the present case, the flattening 28a, a radius,

In particular, a radius of curvature of a surface of the flattening 28a, between 2 cm and 8 cm, but there are also larger or smaller radii conceivable. In particular, due to the two-sided configuration of the flattening 28a, a load-bearing composite in the attachment region 26a and / or a high friction between the edge element 16a and the longitudinal element 12a can be achieved. The longitudinal member 12a is tightly wound around the flat 28a. The longitudinal element 12a is non-rotatably connected to the edge element 16a. The winding 54a about the flattening 28a prevents twisting of the

Longitudinal elements 12a around the edge element 16a. Further, the winding 54a prevents , -

advantageously, unwinding of the winding 54a. The longitudinal element 12a is positively wrapped around the flattening 28a. The winding 54a follows a course of the flattening 28a. The edge element 1 6a has a

Longitudinal direction 182a on. The flattening 28a points in

Longitudinal direction 182a has a longitudinal extent 172a. The flattening 28a has a center 176a. The center 176a of the flattening 28a is located centrally in the flattening 28a relative to the longitudinal extent 172a of the flattening 28a. The winding 54a has a longitudinal extension 174a in the longitudinal extension direction 182a. The winding 54a has a center 178a. The center 178a of the winding 54a is located centrally in the winding 54a relative to the longitudinal extent 174a of the winding 54a. The center 176a of the flat 28a and the center 178a of the coil 54a have an offset 180a. The offset 180a is more than 25% of the longitudinal extent 172a of the flattening 28a. FIG. 5 shows the fastening region 42a of the further edge element 20a and the transverse element 38a connected to the further edge element 20a in a schematic sectional illustration. The further edge element 20a has a flattening 60a. The cross member 38a is tightly wound in the attachment portion 42a around the flat 60a. The cross member 38a is non-rotatably connected to the further edge element 20a. The transverse element 38a is connected to the flattening 60a of the further edge element 20a analogously to the connection of the longitudinal element 12a with the flattening 28a of the edge element 16a. The further edge element 20a has a longitudinal extension direction 182a. The flattening 60a has in the longitudinal direction of extension 182a

Longitudinal extension 184a on. The flattening 60a has a center 186a. The center 186a of the flattening 60a is located centrally in the flattening 60a relative to the longitudinal extent 184a of the flattening 60a. The winding 52a has a longitudinal extension 188a in the longitudinal extension direction 182a. The winding 52a has a center 190a. The center 190a of the coil 52a is centered in the coil 52a relative to the longitudinal extent 188a of the coil 52a , -

arranged. The center 186a of the flattening 60a and the center 190a of the winding 52a have an offset 192a. The offset 192a is more than 20% of the longitudinal extent 184a of the flattening 60a.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative edge connection area 30a 'for the

Grid structure 10a in a schematic sectional view. The embodiment of the alternative edge connection region 30a 'is directly on the

Grid structure 10a transferable, which is why the corresponding reference numerals are selected and deleted analogous to those of Figures 1 to 5. The further edge element 20a 'has a flattening 32a' in the alternative edge connection region 30a '. The further edge element 20a 'is, for example

Flattened and forms the flattening 32a 'from. The edge element 1 6a 'is wound several times around the flattening 32a' of the further edge element 20a '. A winding 34a 'of the edge element 1 6a' is secured against rotation with the flattening 32a 'of the further edge element 20a'. In addition, that can

Edge element 1 6a 'in the edge connection region 30a' a flattening 62a 'formed in particular analogous to the flattening 32a', with which a winding 36a 'of the further edge element 20a' is connected. In particular, all edge elements of a grid structure can be connected to one another in this way. FIG. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for

Production of the lattice structure 10a. In a first method step 64a, the edge element 16a is flattened in the attachment area 26a before being wrapped with the longitudinal element 12a. In the present case, the

Edge element 1 6a pressed and thereby provided with the flattening 28a. In a second method step 66a, the longitudinal element 12a for its attachment to the edge element 16a in the fastening region 26a of the edge element 16a is wound several times around the edge element 16a. In an analogous manner, in the present case, all the longitudinal elements 12a, 14a are connected to the upper and lower edge elements 16a, 18a. Furthermore, the transverse elements 38a, 44a are connected in an analogous manner to the lateral edge elements 20a, 22a. , ,

Moreover, the method for producing the lattice structure 10a includes corresponding method steps which are provided for producing intersection regions 40a of longitudinal elements 12a, 14a and transverse elements 38a, 44a, as well as for connecting the edge elements 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a to one another. In a further method step 212a, in the attachment region 26a, 42a, the longitudinal element 12a, 14a forming the winding 54a is pressed flat, the transverse element 38a, 44a forming the winding 52a is flattened. In an additional method step 214a, in the edge connection region 30a of the

Edge element 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a, a winding 34a, 36a forming edge element 1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a flattened.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing the longitudinal element 12a, 14a. In a method step 21 6a, two at least substantially identical wires 48a, 50a are selected. In at least one further method step 218a, the wires 48a, 50a are twisted together in a specific lay length 226a. By twisting, the wires 48a, 50a form a wire strand 198a. In at least one further method step 220a, a widening element 202a (see Fig. 9) is placed in a still non-twisted region between the two wires 48a, 50a before further twisting. In at least one further method step 222a, the wires 48a, 50a are further twisted together. In this case, the expansion element 202a is jammed in the wire strand 198a. The expansion element 202a thereby expands a shock 200a of the wire strand 198a. In at least one

At higher intervals, strikes 200a of the strand of wire 198a are widened at higher intervals. The expanded bumps 200a preferably have regular distances from one another. In at least one further method step 224a, the expansion elements 202a are removed from the wire strand 198a. After removal of the expansion members 202a, passageways remain in the wire strand 198a which are intended to receive transverse members 38a, 44a. In at least one other

Process 230a becomes the wire strand 198a with the expanded impact , ,

200a stiffened by pressing, hammering, compacting and / or processing by means of a drawing die. In a production of the lattice structure 10a, transverse elements 38a, 44a are injected into the passages formed by the widened blows 200a in at least one further method step. FIG. 9 shows a method step of the method for producing the longitudinal element 12a, 14a. In the illustrated method step, two wires 48, 50 are twisted together. This will be done on a regular basis

Expander 202a clamped during twisting between the wires 48a, 50a, wherein flared bumps 200a arise. The expansion member 202a is formed as a short tubular metal piece. The

Expander 202a has a diameter of a

Cross member 38a, 44a comparable, in particular at most 10%, preferably at most 25% and preferably at most 40% larger

Diameter up. FIG. 10 shows a manufacturing device 68a for producing the

Grid structure 10a in a schematic plan view. The manufacturing device 68a is intended to carry out the method for producing the lattice structure 10a. The production device 68a operates in a production direction 110a. The following are multiply existing elements, assemblies,

Function groups and the like of the manufacturing device 68a for reasons of clarity not all provided with reference numerals.

The manufacturing device 68a has a plurality of reels 70a with raw material for longitudinal elements 12a, 14a. Furthermore, the

Manufacturing device 68a at least one reel 72a with raw material for cross members 38a, 44a. In addition, the production device 68a has corresponding reels with raw material for the edge elements 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a, for example a reel 74a with raw material for the upper and lower edge elements 16a, 18a. According to the configuration of the lattice structure 10a, the raw material is wire strand and individual wires. Depending on - -

However, the nature of a grid structure can be used in an analogous or correspondingly adapted manner profiles, rods, tubes or the like as a raw material.

Blanks 78a of the longitudinal elements 12a, 14a are guided in parallel. In a first processing region 76a, a blank 80a for a transverse element 38a, 44a is injected laterally in each case. In a second processing region 82a, a respective blank 84a for an upper or lower edge element 16a, 18a is injected laterally.

In a third processing area 86a, the further, in particular lateral edge elements 20a, 22a are pressed flat in order to produce corresponding flattenings with which the transverse elements 38a, 44a can be connected.

In a fourth and fifth processing area 88a, 94a, a respective edge element 16a, 18a is wound around a corresponding further edge element 20a, 22a in order to produce a part of the mutual wrapping. In a sixth and a seventh processing region 90a, 92a, the transverse elements 38a, 44a are respectively wound around the corresponding further edge elements 20a, 22a, whereby adjacent windings, as mentioned above, are generated running in opposite directions.

FIG. 11 shows a winding unit 128a of the production device 68a in a perspective view. The winding unit 128a is arranged in the sixth processing area 90a. In particular, the

Manufacturing device 68a four similarly formed winding units 128a, which are arranged on opposite sides in the sixth processing area 90a and in the seventh processing area 92a. In addition, the manufacturing device 68a comprises further winding units around all windings 34a. 36a, 52a, 54a, 56a, 58a of the lattice structure 10a. An operation of the winding unit 128a will be described below. Further wraps of the lattice structure 10a are in partially analog and / or in part , ,

generated in an adapted manner. Basically, features shown are

Winding unit 128a to other winding units, in particular corresponding processing areas 88a, 90a, 92a, 94a, 102a, 104a, 106a, 108a in which windings are generated, transferable. The winding unit 128a is provided for wrapping the edge element 22a with a transverse element 130a for attachment to the edge element 22a. After attachment of the transverse element 130a to the edge element 22a, a feed in the production direction 110 takes place and a next transverse element 132a is fastened to the edge element 22a. The edge element 22a is initially formed as an endless blank and will later, in particular in an eighth processing area 96a, according to a size of the grid structure 10a

cut.

The winding unit 128a has a guide element 134a, which is the

Longitudinal element 22a leads in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the winding unit 128a has a movably mounted fixing element 136a, which fixes the transverse element 130a during winding. In the present case, the fixing element 136a presses the transverse element 130a into a fixing guide 138a. To a fixing are the

Fixing element 136a and the fixing guide 138a toward each other to move. For feed, the fixing element 136a and the fixing guide 138a are movable away from one another.

The winding unit 128a has a bending element 140a, which is provided for bending over a projection 142a of the transverse element 130a about the edge element 22a. The further cross member 132a has a not yet bent over projection 144a. The bending element 140a is partially mounted circumferentially around the edge element 22a. Before a next feed, the bending element 140a is pivoted into an initial position and, on subsequent pivoting about the edge element 22a, bends the next projection 144a about the edge element 22a. The winding unit 128a has another

Fixing element 146a, which leads to a lateral fixing of the transverse element , ,

130a is provided. The further fixing element 146a is movably mounted. The further fixing element 146a is perpendicular to a pivot axis about a

Lattice plane pivotable, in particular to release the cross member 130a for a feed. The winding unit 128a has a further bending element 148a, which is provided for a lateral bending of the projection 142a after its first bending around the edge element 22a. The further bending element 148a bends the projection 142a in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of the

Edge element 22a. The projection 142a is thereby fixed in a fastening region 150a by the further fixing element 146a. The supernatant 142a

or the transverse element 130a are first fixed by the fixing element 136a and the further fixing element 146a. Subsequently, the

Projection 142 a bent by the bending element 140 a around the edge element 22 a. Thereafter, the supernatant 142a is bent laterally by means of the further bending element 148a.

The winding unit 128a has a winder 152a, which is provided for winding the supernatant 142a several times around the edge element 22a. The winder 152a generates the windings 52a, 58a of the transverse elements 38a, 44a, 130a, 132a of the lattice structure 10a around the edge elements 20a, 22a of the lattice structure 10a. The winder 152a is pivotally mounted laterally over the edge member 22a and the folded overhang 142a. A pivot axis of the winder 152a is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the edge member 22a. The winder 152a has a rotatably mounted winding element 154a. The winding element 154a has a receiving region 156a for the edge element 22a and the projection 142a. The receiving area 156a is U-shaped. For winding, first the further bending element 148a is pivoted back into an initial position. In addition, the further fixing element 146a is in a

Starting position pivoted back. As a result, the supernatant 142a becomes accessible to the winder 152a. Further, the receiving portion 156a is pivoted over the edge member 22a and the protrusion 142a. The winding element 154a - -

is then rotated to wrap the supernatant 142a several times around the edge member 22a. After rewinding the supernatant 142a several times around the edge member 22a, the winder 152a becomes an advance in one

Starting position pivoted back. In the eighth processing area 96a trimming takes place

according to a size of the lattice structure 10a as well as an advance of a trimmed pre-structure 98a of the lattice structure 10a.

In a ninth processing area 99a, the preliminary structure 98a is rotated by 90 °. In the present case, we raised the Vorstruktur 98a, rotated, and lowered to a transport path.

In a tenth processing area 100a, the upper and lower edge elements 16a, 18a are pressed to produce corresponding flats 28a.

In an eleventh and twelfth processing area 102a, 108a, the side edge elements 20a, 22a are wound around the upper and lower edge elements 16a, 18a to produce a second part of the mutual wrapping.

In a 13th and 14th processing area 104a, 106a, the longitudinal elements 12a, 14a are wound around the corresponding edge elements 16a, 18a. All connection points of the lattice structure 10a are after passing through the 14th

Processing area 106a completed. Finished grid structures 10a are then stacked and optionally coated later. However, the blanks of the longitudinal elements 12a, 14a, transverse elements 38a, 44a and edge elements 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a are already advantageous

appropriately coated and / or surface-treated. Because of a

Waiver of welded and / or soldered connections

corresponding coatings and surfaces in the production of

Lattice structure not injured, which in particular a high - -

Corrosion resistance, in particular of linking points, can be achieved.

Optionally, a further processing area is provided at a suitable location, in which edge elements with flats for

Randverbindungsbereiche be provided, for example by means of pressing.

FIG. 12 shows an alternative production device 68a 'for producing the lattice structure 10a in a schematic plan view. The alternative

Manufacturing device 68a 'is largely analogous to the manufacturing device 68a, which is why corresponding reference numerals are selected and deleted analogously. Instead of rotating a preliminary structure 98a ', in the alternative production device 68a' further processing of the preliminary structure 98a 'takes place in a further production direction 1 12a' rotated by 90 ° with respect to an initial production direction 110a 'after completion of the lateral connections of the preliminary structure 98a'. FIGS. 13 to 22 show six further exemplary embodiments of the invention. The following descriptions and the drawings are essentially limited to the differences between the exemplary embodiments, wherein, with regard to identically named components, in particular with regard to components having the same reference numbers, in principle also to the drawings and / or the description of the other embodiments, in particular FIGS to 12, can be referenced. To distinguish the embodiments of the letter a is the reference numerals of the embodiment in Figures 1 to 12 adjusted. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 13 to 22, the letter a is replaced by the letters b to g. FIG. 13 shows a first alternative lattice structure 10b in a schematic plan view. The first alternative lattice structure 10b has at least one

Longitudinal element 12b and at least one at right angles to the longitudinal element 12b extending edge element 1 6b, which forms a part of a grid edge 24b. The longitudinal element 12b is for attachment to the edge element , ,

16b in a fastening region 26b of the edge element 1 6b wound several times around the edge element 1 6b. The longitudinal member 12b is formed as a wire strand. In the present case, the first alternative lattice structure 10b has a plurality of parallel and equally spaced longitudinal elements 12b, 14b.

The first alternative lattice structure 10b has a plurality of transverse elements 38b, 44b which, for reasons of clarity, are not all provided with reference numerals. The transverse elements 38b, 44b are designed as wire strands. The longitudinal elements 12b, 14b and the transverse elements 38b, 44b are at least substantially identical to each other. The transverse elements 38b, 44b pass through the longitudinal elements 12b, 14b in crossing regions 40b, 14b.

The edge element 1 6b is formed as a single wire. In the present case, all edge elements 1 6b of the first alternative lattice structure 10b are formed as individual wires. The edge elements 1 6b point in

Attachment areas 26b, 42b for longitudinal elements 12b, 14b and transverse elements 38b, 44b respectively flats 28b, 60b, around which the longitudinal elements 12b, 14b and the cross members 38b, 44b are tightly wound, whereby in particular a twist-proof connection can be provided.

FIG. 14 shows a second alternative lattice structure 10c in a schematic plan view. The second alternative lattice structure 10c has edge elements 1c, 18c, 20c, 22c as well as longitudinal elements 12c, 14c and transverse elements 38c, 44c which are wound around them for their attachment to the edge elements 1c, 18c, 20c, 22c. The second alternative lattice structure 10c is free of cohesive

Linking points. The edge elements 16c, 18c, 20c, 22c form a rectangular, in particular square lattice edge 24c. The longitudinal elements 12c, 14c extend perpendicularly with respect to an upper and lower edge element 1 6c, 18c, 20c, 22c of the lattice structure 10c. The longitudinal members 12c, 14c are connected to the upper and lower edge members 1c, 18c. The longitudinal elements 12c, 14c are parallel , ,

to each other. The transverse elements 38c, 44c extend obliquely with respect to lateral edge elements 20c, 22c of the second alternative lattice structure 10c. The

Cross members 38c, 44c are with the lateral edge elements 20c, 22c

connected. The longitudinal elements 12c, 14c and transverse elements 38c, 44c form parallelogram-shaped, in particular diamond-shaped stitches. It is also conceivable that longitudinal elements obliquely with respect to upper and lower

Edge elements are arranged. It is also conceivable that both longitudinal elements and transverse elements are arranged obliquely with respect to edge elements to which they are attached. For example, diamond-shaped meshes can be produced in this way, the tips of which each point to an edge element.

FIG. 15 shows a third alternative lattice structure 10d in a schematic plan view. The third alternative lattice structure 10d has edge elements 1 6d, 18d, 20d, 22d, 120d, 122d. In the present case, the edge elements 1 6d, 18d, 20d, 22d, 120d, 122d form a hexagonal lattice edge 24d. The lattice structure 10d has longitudinal elements 12d, 14d, transverse elements 38d, 44d, and others

Cross members 124d, 126d, each perpendicular to two opposite, parallel edge elements 16d, 18d, 20d, 22d, 120d, 122d extend and are wound several times to a mounting around this. The longitudinal elements 12d, 14d, the transverse elements 38d, 44d and the further transverse elements 124d, 126d extend in each case through common crossing regions 40d, in each of which a longitudinal element 12d, a transverse element 38d and another

Cross cross member 124d. The third alternative lattice structure 10d has a plurality of triangular meshes. In particular, the stitches are in the

present case designed as equilateral triangles.

FIG. 16 shows a fastening region 26e of an edge element 16e of a lattice structure 10e, as well as a region connected to the edge element 16e

Longitudinal element 12e in a schematic sectional view. The edge element 16e has at least one flattening 28e in the attachment region 26e. The edge element 16e is flattened in a region of the flattening 28e. The , ,

Longitudinal member 12e is tightly wound around the flat 28e. The longitudinal member 12e forms a dense winding 54a in the attachment portion 26e of the edge member 16e. The longitudinal element 12e is non-rotatably connected to the edge element 16e. The winding 54e around the flattening 28e prevents

Twisting the longitudinal element 12e to the edge element 1 6e. The longitudinal member 12e forms a wrapping member 158e in the attachment portion 26e. The longitudinal element 12e surrounds the edge element 1 6e several times. The

wrapping element 158e is flattened. The wrapping member 158e has a cross section in the attachment portion 26e which is formed from a cross section of the wrapping member 158e

Longitudinal elements 12e significantly different. The cross-section of the wrapping element 158e, in particular a single wire of the longitudinal element 12e, is at least substantially oval. The cross section of the longitudinal element 12e forming the wrapping element 158e, in particular a single wire of the longitudinal element 12e, is at least substantially round outside the fastening region 26e. An additional flattening of the longitudinal element 12e forming the wrapping element 158e advantageously prevents unwinding of the winding 54e.

FIG. 17 shows a fastening region 42e of a further edge element 20e of the lattice structure 10e, as well as a transverse element 38e connected to the further edge element 20e in a schematic sectional representation. The further edge element 20e has a flat 60e. The cross member 38e is tightly wound around the flattening 60e in the attachment portion 42e. The cross member 38e forms in the attachment portion 42e further

Edge element 20e from a dense winding 52e. The transverse element 38e is connected against rotation with the further edge element 20e. By doing

Attachment portion 42e, the cross member 38e forms a wrapping member 204e. The wrapping element 204e of the transverse element 38e wraps around the further edge element 20e several times. The wrapping member 204e is flattened. The wrapping member 204e faces in the attachment area - -

42e has a cross section substantially different from a cross section of the cross member 38e forming the wrapping member 204e. The cross section of the wrapping element 204e is at least substantially oval. The cross section of the cross member 38e forming the wrapping member 204e is at least substantially round outside the attachment portion 42e. Additional flattening of the cross member 38e forming the wrapping member 204e advantageously prevents unwinding of the coil 52e.

FIG. 18 shows a further alternative edge connection region 30e 'for the lattice structure 10e in a schematic sectional representation. The

Embodiment of the alternative edge connection region 30e 'is directly transferable to the lattice structure 10e. The edge element 16e 'is wound several times around the further edge element 20e'. The further edge element 20e 'is wound several times around the edge element 1 6e'. In the edge connection region 30e ', the edge element 1 6e' and further elements 206e ', 208e' wrapping the edge element 20e 'form. The wrapping element 206e 'of the edge element 16e' repeatedly wraps around the further edge element 20e '. The wrapping element 206e 'of the edge member 16e' is flattened. The wrapping elements 206e ', 208e' have, in the edge joining region 30e ', a cross section substantially different from a cross section of the skirting elements 1 6e', 20e 'forming the wrapping elements 206e', 208e '. The cross-section of the wrapping elements 206e ', 208e' is at least substantially oval. The cross section of the wrapping elements 206e ', 208e' form

Edge elements 1 6e ', 20e' is at least substantially round outside the edge connection region 30e '. The wrapping element 208e 'of the further edge element 20e' repeatedly wraps around the edge element 16e '. The wrapping element 208e 'of the further edge element 20e' is flattened.

FIG. 19 shows a fastening region 26f of an alternative edge element 1f of a lattice structure 10f, as well as a further alternative longitudinal element 12f connected to the alternative edge element 1f, in a schematic , ,

Sectional view. The longitudinal element 12f forms a dense winding 54f in the fastening region 26f of the edge element 1 6f. The longitudinal member 12f is formed in the attachment portion 26f as a wrapping member 158f. The wrapping element 158f of the longitudinal element 12f wraps the edge element 16f several times. The wrapping member 158f of the longitudinal member 12f forms a brake member 1 62f. The braking element 1 62f is provided to delay an acceleration acting on the wrapping element 158f and / or on the grid structure 10f by means of a winding of at least part of a winding 54f of the wrapping element 158f of the longitudinal element 12f. An unwinding of the braking element 162f of the longitudinal element 12f leads to an irreversible deformation of the wrapping element 158f of the longitudinal element 12f. The wrapped by the braking member 162f of the longitudinal member 12f

Element is free of a flattening. The element wrapped by the brake member 1 62f of the longitudinal member 12f is not flattened. By dispensing with a flattening and a flattening is advantageously a delaying development of the braking element of the longitudinal member 12f allows.

Figure 20 shows a mounting portion 42f of an alternative alternative

Edge element 20f and a further alternative transverse element 38f connected to the alternative further edge element 20f in a schematic sectional representation. The transverse element 38f forms a dense winding 52f in the fastening region 42f of the further edge element 20f. The cross member 38f is formed in the attachment portion 42f as a wrapping member 204f. The wrapping element 204f of the transverse element 38f wraps the further edge element 20f several times. The wrapping element 204f of the

Transverse element 38f forms a further brake element 21 Of. The further

Brake element 21 Of is provided by means of a Abwickeins at least a portion of a winding 52f of the wrapping element 204f of

Transverse element 38f to delay an acting on the wrapping element 204f and / or on the grid structure 10f acceleration. Unwinding of the braking element 21 Of the transverse element 38f leads to an irreversible , ,

Deformation of the wrapping element 204f of the transverse element 38f. The element wrapped by the braking element 21 Of of the cross member 38f is free from flattening. The element wrapped by the braking element 21 Of of the cross member 38f is not flattened. By abandoning one

Flattening and flattening is advantageously a delaying development of the braking element 21 Of the transverse element 38f allows.

FIG. 21 shows additional further alternative longitudinal elements 12g, 1, 68g and edge elements 1, 6g, 194g of the lattice structure 10g in a schematic,

Side view. The longitudinal element 12g partially forms a closed loop 164g. The edge element 1 6g partially forms a closed loop 164g. The longitudinal element 12g is partially formed integrally with the edge element 16g. The longitudinal member 12g forms a winding 54g at one end. The longitudinal element 12g is wound in the region of the winding 54g several times around the edge element 1 6g. The winding 54g closes the closed loop 164g of the longitudinal member 12g to one side. Another longitudinal element 1 68g partially forms another closed loop 1 66g. The further

Edge element 194g partially forms another closed loop 1 66g. The further longitudinal element 168g is partially integral with the other

Edge element 194g formed. The further longitudinal element 168g forms a winding 1 60g at one end. The further longitudinal element 1 68g is wrapped in the region of the winding 1 60g several times around the further edge element 194g. The winding 1 60g closes the closed loop 1 66g further

Lengthwise elements 168g to one side. The closed loop 1 64g of the longitudinal element 12g engages in the further closed loop 166g of the further longitudinal element 168g. By mutual engagement of the closed loops 1 64g, 1 66g of the longitudinal elements 12g, 1 68g, the longitudinal elements 12g, 1 68g, in particular together with other longitudinal elements, a

Form grid structure 10g. The edge elements 16g, 194g have in the area of the windings 54g, 1 60g a flattening 28g (indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 21). The winding 54g of the longitudinal element 12g is pressed flat (cf. - -

also Fig. 14). The winding 1 60g of the further longitudinal element 168g could also be at least partially flattened and / or flat-pressed. As a result, a particularly high stability of the closed loops 164g, 166g can advantageously be achieved. FIG. 22 shows the additional further alternative longitudinal element 12g with an external fastening element 170g. The external fastener 170g is formed as a wall hook. The external fastener 170g is attached to a wall 196g. The closed loop 1 64g of the longitudinal member 12g and the external fastener 170g engage each other. By the meshing engagement, the longitudinal member 12g is captively secured to the wall 196g.

Claims

claims

1 . Grid structure, in particular steel grid structure, with at least one

Longitudinal element (12a, 14a; 12b, 14b; 12c, 14c; 12d, 14d) and with at least one perpendicular or oblique to the longitudinal element (12a, 14a; 12b, 14b; 12c, 14c; 12d, 14d) extending as a single wire, Rod, wire strand, tube or profile formed edge element (1 6a, 18a, 1 6b, 1 6c, 16d), in particular at least part of a grid edge (24a; 24b; 24c; 24d) is formed, wherein the longitudinal element (12a, 14a 1 2b, 14b, 12c, 14c, 12d, 14d) for fixing them to the edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a, 16b, 16c, 16d) in an attachment area (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d) of the edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a; 1 6b; 1 6c; 1 6d) is wound several times around the edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a; 1 6b; 1 6c; 1 6d).

2. grid structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Edge element (1 6a) in the mounting region (26a) has at least one flattening (28a).

3. grid structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal element (12a, 14a) against rotation with the edge element (1 6a) is connected.

4. Grid structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the longitudinal element (12a, 14a) is designed as a wire strand (198a).

5. Grid structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a to the edge element (1 6a) at right angles or obliquely extending further edge element (20 a).

6. grid structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the

Edge element (1 6a) in an edge connection region (30a) of the further edge element (20a) is wound several times around the further edge element (20a).

7. grid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the further edge element (20a) in the edge connection region (30a) has at least one flattening (32a).

8. lattice structure according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized

characterized in that the edge element (1 6a) and the other

Edge element (20a) are connected to each other by means of a mutual winding, wherein a winding (34a) of the edge element (1 6a) around the other edge element (20a) has a different mobility than a winding (36a) of the further edge element (20a) around the edge element (1 6a).

9. lattice structure according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by at least one transverse element (38a) which intersects in particular perpendicularly the longitudinal element (12a) in at least one crossing region (40a).

10. grid structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the

Transverse element (38a) in the crossing region (40a) through the

Longitudinal element (12a) passes.

1 1. Grid structure according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the transverse element (38a) is formed as a single wire, a rod, a tube or a profile.

12. grid structure at least according to claim 5 and 9, characterized

characterized in that the transverse element (38a) for its attachment to the further edge element (20a) in a fastening region (42a) of the further edge element (20a) is wound several times around the further edge element (20a).

13. Grid structure according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a plurality of longitudinal elements (12a, 14a) formed as wire strands (198a) and a plurality of individual wires, rods, wire strands, tubes or profiles

Cross members (38a, 44a), which together with the longitudinal elements (12a, 14a) form a grid (46a), and by a plurality of the grid (46a) bordering, designed as a single wire, rod, wire strand, pipe or profile edge elements (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22), wherein the

Longitudinal elements (12a, 14a), the transverse elements (38a, 44a) and the

Edge elements (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) are connected to each other by twisting, nesting and / or wrapping.

14. A lattice structure according to at least one of claims 1, 6 or 9, characterized in that a longitudinal and / or a transverse element (12e; 14e; 38e; 44e) in at least one fastening region (26e, 42e) and / or an edge element (12). 16e; 18e; 20e; 22e) in at least one

Edge joining region (30e) at least partially forming a wrapping element (158e, 204e, 206e) which itself and / or a longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element (12e; 14e; 1 6e; 18e; 20e; 22e; 38e; 44e) is wrapped several times, wherein at least the wrapping element (158e, 204e, 206e) is at least partially flattened.

15. Grid structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that a longitudinal and / or a transverse element (12e; 14e; 38e; 44e) in at least one fastening region (26e, 42e) and / or an edge element (16e; 18e; 20e; 22e) in at least one

Edge joining region (30e) at least partially forming a wrapping element (158e, 204e, 206e) which itself and / or a longitudinal, transverse and / or edge element (12f; 14f; 1 6f; 18f; 20f; 22f; 38f; 44f), wherein the wrapping member (158f, 204f, 206f) forms a braking member (162f).

16. Grid structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that at least one longitudinal element (12g, 14g) at least partially forms a closed loop (1 64g).

17. Grid structure according to claim 16, characterized in that the

closed loop (1 64g) for forming and / or fixing the grid structure (10g) in a further closed loop (1 66g), which is at least partially formed by a further longitudinal element (1 68g), and / or in an external fastener (170g ). Method for producing a lattice structure (10a), in particular a steel lattice structure, in particular according to one of the preceding

Claims, with at least one longitudinal element (12a, 14a) and with at least one edge element (16a, 18a, 20a, 22a) running at right angles or obliquely to the longitudinal element (12a, 14a) as a single wire, rod, wire strand, tube or profile in particular forming at least a part of a grid edge (24a), wherein the

Longitudinal element (12a, 14a) for its attachment to the edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) in a mounting region (26a) of

Edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) several times around the edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) is wound.

A method according to claim 18, characterized in that the

Edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) before wrapping with the

Longitudinal element (12a, 14a) in the mounting region (26a) is flattened at least in sections.

Method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that at least one longitudinal element (12a, 14a) forming at least one winding (54a) and / or at least one transverse element forming at least one winding (52a) is formed at least in the fastening region (26a, 42a) (38a, 44a) of the grid structure (10a) and / or in at least one edge connection region (30a) of the edge element (1 6a, 18a, 20a, 22a) at least one, at least one winding (34a, 36a) forming edge element (1 6a, 18a , 20a, 22a), at least in sections

flattened.

21. Method according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that at least two longitudinal elements (12a, 14a) are twisted into a wire strand (198a), wherein at least one impact (200a) of the wire strand (198a), in particular during the Verlitz, is widened ,

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the

Wire strand (198a) is stiffened with the at least one widened impact (200a) by pressing, hammering, compacting and / or processing by means of a drawing die. 23. Manufacturing device, which is provided for producing a lattice structure (10a) according to any one of claims 1 to 17 and / or for carrying out a method according to any one of claims 18 to 22.