EP3553408A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil chauffant hybride et appareil chauffant hybride - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil chauffant hybride et appareil chauffant hybride Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3553408A1
EP3553408A1 EP19160242.4A EP19160242A EP3553408A1 EP 3553408 A1 EP3553408 A1 EP 3553408A1 EP 19160242 A EP19160242 A EP 19160242A EP 3553408 A1 EP3553408 A1 EP 3553408A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat source
heat
operated
power
flow temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19160242.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3553408B1 (fr
Inventor
Lars Thum
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Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/258—Outdoor temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid heater and a hybrid heater.
  • a hybrid heater in the context of this invention is a heater that generates heat from both the combustion of a fossil fuel such as natural gas and from an electrical energy source and provides for the heating of a building.
  • heaters work monovalent, ie the heat is sourced only from one source of energy. For economic and ecological reasons, this is often natural gas. For technical reasons, however, the range between minimum and maximum power is limited, since the flow rate of the combustion air required for mixture formation is too low. In the patent application EP2735793A2 this is done by additional device features in the mixture forming device.
  • the modulation range can be extended downwards, ie in the range of lower powers.
  • Modulation ranges or power ratios between minimum and maximum power of 1:20 are very good values according to the prior art. Nevertheless, there is still a need for heaters covering an even smaller area.
  • this object is achieved with a hybrid heater with a burner according to the prior art and an additional electric heater according to the method of claim 1.
  • hybrid heaters or heating systems are known from the prior art.
  • the utility model DE 9004025 U1 shows an additional integrated in a radiator electric immersion heater. It is disclosed that this heating cartridge is put into operation in case of failure of the heater.
  • the publication DE 3109990 A1 shows a comparable heating cartridge outside the radiator, but also outside the heater.
  • the DE 3109990 A1 teaches to use the electric heating cartridge with low heating demand. Explicit here are called the antifreeze function in the absence or the operation outside the normal heating periods. Again, an either-or-operation is provided.
  • the DE 3325822 A1 shows a boiler with electric preheater. This serves to avoid condensation.
  • the method according to the invention according to claim 1 the heat demand of heat sinks for small outputs, which are below the minimum power of the first heat source, in this case a gas burner, to cover by a second electric heat source.
  • the second heat source as well as the first heat source is integrated in a heating circuit and transfers the heat to a heat transfer medium.
  • the two heat sources for large heat demand can also be operated simultaneously.
  • the modulation range can also be extended in the direction of larger powers.
  • the current heat demand can be defined for example by a desired flow temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit.
  • a desired flow temperature is determined as a function of the outside temperature and the desired room temperature on the basis of a mathematical building model (heating curves).
  • a heater adjusts its power by means of a regulator so that the actual flow temperature of the desired flow temperature corresponds.
  • the inventive method is carried out on the basis of the flow temperature.
  • the first heat source is not operated below its minimum power.
  • the switching to the first heat source according to claim 4 or 5 carried out according to two alternative process variants.
  • Either the second heat source is operated with a maximum of the minimum power or a power slightly above the minimum power of the first heat source.
  • An increased heat requirement leads to a drop in the flow temperature, which leads after exceeding a certain difference over a certain period of time according to the method described above.
  • the second heat source is turned off and the first heat source is turned on.
  • the power of the second heat source may be increased beyond the minimum power of the first heat source. If the second heat source is operated with a power above the minimum power of the first heat source for a certain period of time, this leads according to the invention to switch off the second heat source and to switch on the first heat source.
  • the difference amounts of the flow temperatures are less than 1 K, more preferably less than 0.5 K.
  • the measurement periods within which the temperature deviation of the actual flow temperature must be greater than the difference in order to effect a switching of the heat source is preferably at least the circulation time of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit.
  • Under circulation duration is understood as the, which is needed for a complete circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit. This time depends on the volume flow of the circulation pump and the total volume of the heating circuit.
  • the minimum power and the maximum power of the first heat source is determined by measures that are already known in the system. This is the speed of the fan, a calculated from the speed of the fan and the power consumption of the fan air mass flow, an air mass flow measured by a volume or mass flow sensor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the heater 1 comprises the first heat source 3 and the second heat source 4.
  • the first heat source 3 is a burner operated with fuel gas, to which a fuel gas-air mixture is supplied via a blower 2. About a not shown here exhaust pipe, the exhaust gases are removed.
  • the heat produced by the combustion transferred to a heat transfer medium that circulates in a heating circuit 11 by means of a circulating pump 12.
  • the heat transfer medium transfers the heat to a heat sink 8, for example, a heater for a building or a heat sink 9, for example, a hot water tank for service water.
  • the heating circuit 11 can be adjusted so that the heated heat transfer medium is passed either through the heat sink 8 or through the secondary heat exchanger 6, which transfers the heat to the heat sink hot water tank 9.
  • a second heat source 4 is arranged in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium behind the first heat source 3.
  • it is an electrical heater in the form of, for example, a heating cartridge, which is surrounded by the heat transfer medium.
  • the second heat source 4 can transmit heat to the heat transfer medium alternately or together with the first heat source 3.
  • a control unit 5 controls via the blower 2, the heat source 3 and the heat source 4.
  • the information about the current flow temperature via the control unit 5 is set up, via an outside temperature sensor 7, the selected room temperature and a mathematical model of the Building to specify the current heat demand. This can be done for example in the form of a desired flow temperature.
  • the first heat source 3 and the second heat source 4 can be controlled.
  • the first heat source 3 is designed such that it has a minimum power and a maximum power.
  • the heat source 3 can not deliver heat below the minimum power without being turned off periodically.
  • the second heat source 4 is connected in series behind the first heat source 3, which can heat the heat transfer medium with low power by means of electrical energy.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show graphically illustrated courses of heat demand 101, deviation of the flow temperature 102 and heat outputs 103, 104 of the first 3 and second heat source 4 Figures 2 and 3 differ by different process variants switch from the second heat source 4 to the first heat source 3 at time t4. Below are the Figures 2 and 3 described together and pointed to differences.
  • the description is based on a heat demand 101 which is initially above the minimum power P 1, min and below the maximum power P 2, max of the first heat source 3.
  • the heat requirement is initially covered exclusively by the first heat source 3.
  • the heat demand sings continuously at first.
  • the heat requirement falls below the minimum power P 1, min of the first heat source 3.
  • the power of the first heat source 3 can not be further reduced, so that the deviation of the flow temperature slowly rises.
  • the flow temperature exceeds a first difference amount ⁇ T 1 .
  • this first difference .DELTA.T 1 is present over a minimum period .DELTA.t 1, it is recognized that a certain duration .DELTA.t 1 is a lower demand for heat.
  • the first heat source 3 is turned off, the graph of the graph 103 falls to zero.
  • the second heat source 4 is put into operation, so that the graph 104 increases from zero. Since there is already an excess temperature of the flow temperature, the power of the second heat source 4 only slowly approaches the course of the heat demand.
  • the described threshold values in the form of the first measurement space ⁇ t 1 and the first difference ⁇ T 1 serve to ensure that the switchover from the first heat source 3 to the second heat source 4 takes place only when the heat requirement 101 has dropped safely. Thus, a frequent switching back and forth between the heat sources 3 and 4 is avoided in the transition region.
  • the heat demand 101 then rises again and exceeds the minimum power of the first heat source at time t3.
  • the maximum power of the second heat source is limited to the minimum power of the first heat source.
  • a certain time is also waited for at the times t3 and t4, in which the actual flow temperature falls below the desired flow temperature by the difference amount ⁇ T 2 .
  • the second heat source 4 is turned off, so that the graph 104 falls to zero.
  • the first heat source is switched on again, so that the graph 103 rises from zero and initially shoots beyond the course of the graph of the heat demand 101 to compensate for the deviation of the flow temperature. Subsequently, the graph 103 of the heating power of the first heat source 3 follows the graph 101 of the heat demand.
  • the heat demand 101 exceeds the maximum power P 1, max of the first heat source 3.
  • the second heat source 4 is now operated in addition to the first heat source 3, which can be recognized by the rising graph 104.
  • the services 103 of the first heat source 3 and 104 of the second heat source 4 in total cover the heat demand 101.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP19160242.4A 2018-04-13 2019-03-01 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil chauffant hybride et appareil chauffant hybride Active EP3553408B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018108800.0A DE102018108800A1 (de) 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hybriden Heizgerätes und hybrides Heizgerät

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3553408A1 true EP3553408A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
EP3553408B1 EP3553408B1 (fr) 2020-12-16

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ID=65657355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19160242.4A Active EP3553408B1 (fr) 2018-04-13 2019-03-01 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil chauffant hybride et appareil chauffant hybride

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3553408B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018108800A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2863534T3 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3109990A1 (de) 1981-03-14 1982-09-23 Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Elektrischer durchlauferhitzer als zusatz-heizeinrichtung fuer zentralheizungsanlagen
DE3325822A1 (de) 1983-07-18 1985-02-07 Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann Heizungskessel
DE9004025U1 (fr) 1989-08-03 1990-12-06 Bossert, Gerdi, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De
DE102004029376A1 (de) * 2004-06-17 2006-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät mit elektrischer Zusatzheizung und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
EP2189729A2 (fr) * 2008-11-25 2010-05-26 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de chauffage
EP2615385A1 (fr) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-17 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Gestionnaire système pour convertisseurs d'énergie réglés en fonction de la puissance
EP2735793A2 (fr) 2012-11-26 2014-05-28 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de mélange air-gaz combustible
CA2901659A1 (fr) * 2015-08-25 2017-02-25 Miclau-S.R.I. Inc. Chauffe-eau au gaz bienergie/multienergie

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3109990A1 (de) 1981-03-14 1982-09-23 Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Elektrischer durchlauferhitzer als zusatz-heizeinrichtung fuer zentralheizungsanlagen
DE3325822A1 (de) 1983-07-18 1985-02-07 Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann Heizungskessel
DE9004025U1 (fr) 1989-08-03 1990-12-06 Bossert, Gerdi, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De
DE102004029376A1 (de) * 2004-06-17 2006-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät mit elektrischer Zusatzheizung und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
EP2189729A2 (fr) * 2008-11-25 2010-05-26 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de chauffage
EP2615385A1 (fr) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-17 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Gestionnaire système pour convertisseurs d'énergie réglés en fonction de la puissance
EP2735793A2 (fr) 2012-11-26 2014-05-28 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de mélange air-gaz combustible
CA2901659A1 (fr) * 2015-08-25 2017-02-25 Miclau-S.R.I. Inc. Chauffe-eau au gaz bienergie/multienergie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3553408B1 (fr) 2020-12-16
ES2863534T3 (es) 2021-10-11
DE102018108800A1 (de) 2019-10-17

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