EP3553408A1 - Hybrid heating device and method for operating a hybrid heating device - Google Patents
Hybrid heating device and method for operating a hybrid heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3553408A1 EP3553408A1 EP19160242.4A EP19160242A EP3553408A1 EP 3553408 A1 EP3553408 A1 EP 3553408A1 EP 19160242 A EP19160242 A EP 19160242A EP 3553408 A1 EP3553408 A1 EP 3553408A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat source
- heat
- operated
- power
- flow temperature
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/238—Flow rate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/258—Outdoor temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid heater and a hybrid heater.
- a hybrid heater in the context of this invention is a heater that generates heat from both the combustion of a fossil fuel such as natural gas and from an electrical energy source and provides for the heating of a building.
- heaters work monovalent, ie the heat is sourced only from one source of energy. For economic and ecological reasons, this is often natural gas. For technical reasons, however, the range between minimum and maximum power is limited, since the flow rate of the combustion air required for mixture formation is too low. In the patent application EP2735793A2 this is done by additional device features in the mixture forming device.
- the modulation range can be extended downwards, ie in the range of lower powers.
- Modulation ranges or power ratios between minimum and maximum power of 1:20 are very good values according to the prior art. Nevertheless, there is still a need for heaters covering an even smaller area.
- this object is achieved with a hybrid heater with a burner according to the prior art and an additional electric heater according to the method of claim 1.
- hybrid heaters or heating systems are known from the prior art.
- the utility model DE 9004025 U1 shows an additional integrated in a radiator electric immersion heater. It is disclosed that this heating cartridge is put into operation in case of failure of the heater.
- the publication DE 3109990 A1 shows a comparable heating cartridge outside the radiator, but also outside the heater.
- the DE 3109990 A1 teaches to use the electric heating cartridge with low heating demand. Explicit here are called the antifreeze function in the absence or the operation outside the normal heating periods. Again, an either-or-operation is provided.
- the DE 3325822 A1 shows a boiler with electric preheater. This serves to avoid condensation.
- the method according to the invention according to claim 1 the heat demand of heat sinks for small outputs, which are below the minimum power of the first heat source, in this case a gas burner, to cover by a second electric heat source.
- the second heat source as well as the first heat source is integrated in a heating circuit and transfers the heat to a heat transfer medium.
- the two heat sources for large heat demand can also be operated simultaneously.
- the modulation range can also be extended in the direction of larger powers.
- the current heat demand can be defined for example by a desired flow temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit.
- a desired flow temperature is determined as a function of the outside temperature and the desired room temperature on the basis of a mathematical building model (heating curves).
- a heater adjusts its power by means of a regulator so that the actual flow temperature of the desired flow temperature corresponds.
- the inventive method is carried out on the basis of the flow temperature.
- the first heat source is not operated below its minimum power.
- the switching to the first heat source according to claim 4 or 5 carried out according to two alternative process variants.
- Either the second heat source is operated with a maximum of the minimum power or a power slightly above the minimum power of the first heat source.
- An increased heat requirement leads to a drop in the flow temperature, which leads after exceeding a certain difference over a certain period of time according to the method described above.
- the second heat source is turned off and the first heat source is turned on.
- the power of the second heat source may be increased beyond the minimum power of the first heat source. If the second heat source is operated with a power above the minimum power of the first heat source for a certain period of time, this leads according to the invention to switch off the second heat source and to switch on the first heat source.
- the difference amounts of the flow temperatures are less than 1 K, more preferably less than 0.5 K.
- the measurement periods within which the temperature deviation of the actual flow temperature must be greater than the difference in order to effect a switching of the heat source is preferably at least the circulation time of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit.
- Under circulation duration is understood as the, which is needed for a complete circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit. This time depends on the volume flow of the circulation pump and the total volume of the heating circuit.
- the minimum power and the maximum power of the first heat source is determined by measures that are already known in the system. This is the speed of the fan, a calculated from the speed of the fan and the power consumption of the fan air mass flow, an air mass flow measured by a volume or mass flow sensor.
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the heater 1 comprises the first heat source 3 and the second heat source 4.
- the first heat source 3 is a burner operated with fuel gas, to which a fuel gas-air mixture is supplied via a blower 2. About a not shown here exhaust pipe, the exhaust gases are removed.
- the heat produced by the combustion transferred to a heat transfer medium that circulates in a heating circuit 11 by means of a circulating pump 12.
- the heat transfer medium transfers the heat to a heat sink 8, for example, a heater for a building or a heat sink 9, for example, a hot water tank for service water.
- the heating circuit 11 can be adjusted so that the heated heat transfer medium is passed either through the heat sink 8 or through the secondary heat exchanger 6, which transfers the heat to the heat sink hot water tank 9.
- a second heat source 4 is arranged in the flow direction of the heat transfer medium behind the first heat source 3.
- it is an electrical heater in the form of, for example, a heating cartridge, which is surrounded by the heat transfer medium.
- the second heat source 4 can transmit heat to the heat transfer medium alternately or together with the first heat source 3.
- a control unit 5 controls via the blower 2, the heat source 3 and the heat source 4.
- the information about the current flow temperature via the control unit 5 is set up, via an outside temperature sensor 7, the selected room temperature and a mathematical model of the Building to specify the current heat demand. This can be done for example in the form of a desired flow temperature.
- the first heat source 3 and the second heat source 4 can be controlled.
- the first heat source 3 is designed such that it has a minimum power and a maximum power.
- the heat source 3 can not deliver heat below the minimum power without being turned off periodically.
- the second heat source 4 is connected in series behind the first heat source 3, which can heat the heat transfer medium with low power by means of electrical energy.
- FIG. 2 and 3 show graphically illustrated courses of heat demand 101, deviation of the flow temperature 102 and heat outputs 103, 104 of the first 3 and second heat source 4 Figures 2 and 3 differ by different process variants switch from the second heat source 4 to the first heat source 3 at time t4. Below are the Figures 2 and 3 described together and pointed to differences.
- the description is based on a heat demand 101 which is initially above the minimum power P 1, min and below the maximum power P 2, max of the first heat source 3.
- the heat requirement is initially covered exclusively by the first heat source 3.
- the heat demand sings continuously at first.
- the heat requirement falls below the minimum power P 1, min of the first heat source 3.
- the power of the first heat source 3 can not be further reduced, so that the deviation of the flow temperature slowly rises.
- the flow temperature exceeds a first difference amount ⁇ T 1 .
- this first difference .DELTA.T 1 is present over a minimum period .DELTA.t 1, it is recognized that a certain duration .DELTA.t 1 is a lower demand for heat.
- the first heat source 3 is turned off, the graph of the graph 103 falls to zero.
- the second heat source 4 is put into operation, so that the graph 104 increases from zero. Since there is already an excess temperature of the flow temperature, the power of the second heat source 4 only slowly approaches the course of the heat demand.
- the described threshold values in the form of the first measurement space ⁇ t 1 and the first difference ⁇ T 1 serve to ensure that the switchover from the first heat source 3 to the second heat source 4 takes place only when the heat requirement 101 has dropped safely. Thus, a frequent switching back and forth between the heat sources 3 and 4 is avoided in the transition region.
- the heat demand 101 then rises again and exceeds the minimum power of the first heat source at time t3.
- the maximum power of the second heat source is limited to the minimum power of the first heat source.
- a certain time is also waited for at the times t3 and t4, in which the actual flow temperature falls below the desired flow temperature by the difference amount ⁇ T 2 .
- the second heat source 4 is turned off, so that the graph 104 falls to zero.
- the first heat source is switched on again, so that the graph 103 rises from zero and initially shoots beyond the course of the graph of the heat demand 101 to compensate for the deviation of the flow temperature. Subsequently, the graph 103 of the heating power of the first heat source 3 follows the graph 101 of the heat demand.
- the heat demand 101 exceeds the maximum power P 1, max of the first heat source 3.
- the second heat source 4 is now operated in addition to the first heat source 3, which can be recognized by the rising graph 104.
- the services 103 of the first heat source 3 and 104 of the second heat source 4 in total cover the heat demand 101.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hybriden Heizgerätes (1) und ein hybrides Heizgerät (1). Das Heizgerät (1) umfasst eine erste Wärmequelle (3) auf Basis der Verbrennung eines Gemisches aus Brenngas und Luft und eine zweite Wärmequelle (4) auf der Basis elektrischer Energie. Unterschreitet der Wärmebedarf (101) die Minimalleistung (P) der ersten Wärmequelle, wird auf die zweite Wärmequelle (4) umgeschaltet und umgekehrt.The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid heater (1) and a hybrid heater (1). The heater (1) comprises a first heat source (3) based on the combustion of a mixture of fuel gas and air and a second heat source (4) based on electrical energy. If the heat requirement (101) falls below the minimum power (P) of the first heat source, the system switches to the second heat source (4) and vice versa.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines hybriden Heizgerätes sowie ein hybrides Heizgerät. Ein hybrides Heizgerät im Sinne dieser Erfindung ist ein Heizgerät, das Wärme sowohl aus der Verbrennung eines fossilen Energieträgers wie Erdgas als auch aus einer elektrischen Energiequelle erzeugt und für die Beheizung eines Gebäudes zur Verfügung stellt.The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid heater and a hybrid heater. A hybrid heater in the context of this invention is a heater that generates heat from both the combustion of a fossil fuel such as natural gas and from an electrical energy source and provides for the heating of a building.
Meist arbeiten Heizgeräte monovalent, d.h. die Wärme wird nur aus einem Energieträger bezogen. Aus ökonomischen und ökologischen Gründen ist dies häufig Erdgas. Aus technischen Gründen ist jedoch der Bereich zwischen minimaler und maximaler Leistung begrenzt, da die für die Gemischbildung benötigten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Verbrennungsluft zu gering ist. In der Patentanmeldung
Dadurch kann zwar der Modulationsbereich nach unten, also im Bereich niedriger Leistungen erweitert werden. Modulationsbereiche bzw. Leistungsverhältnisse zwischen minimaler und maximaler Leistung von 1:20 sind nach dem Stand der Technik sehr gute Werte. Dennoch besteht weiterhin der Bedarf nach Heizgeräten, die einen noch geringeren Bereich abdecken.As a result, the modulation range can be extended downwards, ie in the range of lower powers. Modulation ranges or power ratios between minimum and maximum power of 1:20 are very good values according to the prior art. Nevertheless, there is still a need for heaters covering an even smaller area.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit einem hybriden Heizgerät mit einem Brenner gemäß dem Stand der Technik und einem zusätzlichen elektrischen Heizer nach dem Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved with a hybrid heater with a burner according to the prior art and an additional electric heater according to the method of
Grundsätzlich sind hybride Heizgeräte oder Heizsysteme aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Das Gebrauchsmuster
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die
Keine der offenbarten Verfahren zum Betrieb der vorgenannten hybriden Heizsysteme oder Heizgeräte ist jedoch geeignet, den Modulationsbereich eines auf Verbrennung fossiler Energieträger während des laufenden Betriebes nach unten zu erweitern.However, none of the disclosed methods of operating the aforementioned hybrid heating systems or heaters is capable of extending down the modulation range of fossil fuel burning during operation.
Daher sieht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 vor, den Wärmebedarf von Wärmesenken für kleine Leistungen, die unterhalb der Minimalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle, in diesem Fall ein Gas-Brenner, liegen, durch eine zweite elektrische Wärmequelle zu decken. Dabei ist die zweite Wärmequelle ebenso wie die erste Wärmequelle in einem Heizkreislauf eingebunden und gibt die Wärme an ein Wärmeträgermedium ab. Der Vorteil ist, dass nach außen hin das Heizgerät einen zu kleineren Leistungen hin erweiterten Modulationsbereich aufweist.Therefore, the method according to the invention according to
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung gemäß Anspruch 2 können die beiden Wärmequellen für großen Wärmebedarf auch gleichzeitig betrieben werden. Somit kann der Modulationsbereich auch in Richtung größerer Leistungen erweitert werden.In a development of the invention according to claim 2, the two heat sources for large heat demand can also be operated simultaneously. Thus, the modulation range can also be extended in the direction of larger powers.
Der aktuelle Wärmebedarf kann beispielsweise durch eine Soll-Vorlauftemperatur des Wärmeträgermediums im Heizkreislauf definiert werden. Bei konstantem Volumenstrom des Wärmeträgermediums, also bei konstanter Drehzahl der Umwälzpumpe besteht eine direkte Proportionalität zwischen dem aktuellen Wärmebedarf und der Soll-Vorlauftemperatur. Nach dem Stand der Technik wird die Soll-Vorlauftemperatur in Abhängigkeit von der Außentemperatur und der gewünschten Raumtemperatur auf der Basis eines mathematischen Gebäudemodells (Heizkurven) ermittelt. Nach dem Stand der Technik passt ein Heizgerät seine Leistung mittels eines Reglers so an, dass die Ist-Vorlauftemperatur der Soll-Vorlauftemperatur entspricht. Gemäß Anspruch 3 wird daher das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auf der Basis der Vorlauftemperatur durchgeführt. Dabei wird die erste Wärmequelle nicht unterhalb ihrer Minimalleistung betrieben. Für den Fall, dass diese Leistung oberhalb des aktuellen Wärmebedarfs liegt, führt dies zu einem Anstieg der Ist-Vorlauftemperatur. Sobald über einen bestimmten Zeitraum bei Betrieb mit Minimalleistung die Ist-Vorlauftemperatur um einen bestimmten Differenzbetrag oberhalb der Soll-Vorlauftemperatur liegt, wird die erste Wärmequelle abgeschaltet und die zweite Wärmequelle eingeschaltet, die nun die Wärmesenken mit Wärme versorgt. Dabei wird weiterhin die Vorlauftemperatur geregelt.The current heat demand can be defined for example by a desired flow temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit. At constant flow rate of the heat transfer medium, ie at constant speed of the circulation pump, there is a direct proportionality between the current heat demand and the desired flow temperature. According to the prior art, the desired flow temperature is determined as a function of the outside temperature and the desired room temperature on the basis of a mathematical building model (heating curves). According to the prior art, a heater adjusts its power by means of a regulator so that the actual flow temperature of the desired flow temperature corresponds. According to
Steigt nun der Wärmebedarf wieder an, so wird erfindungsgemäß die Umschaltung auf die erste Wärmequelle gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5 nach zwei alternativen Verfahrensvarianten durchgeführt. Entweder wird die zweite Wärmequelle mit maximal der Minimalleistung oder einer Leistung geringfügig oberhalb der Minimalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle betrieben. Ein erhöhter Wärmebedarf führt zu einem Absinken der Vorlauftemperatur, was nach dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren nach einem Überschreiten eines bestimmten Differenzbetrages über einen bestimmten Zeitraum führt. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dazu, dass die zweite Wärmequelle abgeschaltet und die erste Wärmequelle eingeschaltet wird. Alternativ kann auch die Leistung der zweiten Wärmequelle über die Minimalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle hinaus erhöht werden. Wird die zweite Wärmequelle über einen bestimmten Zeitraum mit einer Leistung oberhalb der Minimalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle betrieben, führt dies erfindungsgemäß zum Abschalten der zweiten Wärmequelle und zum Einschalten der ersten Wärmequelle.Now increases the heat demand again, so according to the invention, the switching to the first heat source according to
Bevorzugt sind die Differenzbeträge der Vorlauftemperaturen kleiner 1 K, besonders bevorzugt kleiner 0,5 K.Preferably, the difference amounts of the flow temperatures are less than 1 K, more preferably less than 0.5 K.
Die Messzeiträume, innerhalb derer die Temperaturabweichung der Ist-Vorlauftemperatur größer als der Differenzbetrag sein muss, um ein umschalten der Wärmequelle zu bewirken, ist bevorzugt mindestens die Umlaufdauer des Wärmeträgermediums im Heizkreislauf. Unter Umlaufdauer wird die da verstanden, die für ein vollständiges Umwälzen des Wärmeträgermediums im Heizkreislauf benötigt wird. Diese Zeit hängt ab vom Volumenstrom der Umwälzpumpe und vom Gesamtvolumen des Heizkreislaufs.The measurement periods within which the temperature deviation of the actual flow temperature must be greater than the difference in order to effect a switching of the heat source is preferably at least the circulation time of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit. Under circulation duration is understood as the, which is needed for a complete circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heating circuit. This time depends on the volume flow of the circulation pump and the total volume of the heating circuit.
Die Minimalleistung und die Maximalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle wird bestimmt durch Messgrößen, die ohnehin im System bekannt sind. Dies ist die Drehzahl des Gebläses, ein aus der Drehzahl des Gebläses und der Stromaufnahme des Gebläses berechneter Luftmassenstrom, ein durch ein Volumen-oder Massenstromsensors gemessener Luftmassenstrom.The minimum power and the maximum power of the first heat source is determined by measures that are already known in the system. This is the speed of the fan, a calculated from the speed of the fan and the power consumption of the fan air mass flow, an air mass flow measured by a volume or mass flow sensor.
Eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens ist gemäß dem unabhängigen Vorrichtungsanspruch geschützt.An apparatus for carrying out the method is protected according to the independent apparatus claim.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren detailliert erläutert.The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to FIGS.
Es stellen dar:
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Figur 1 : eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens -
Figur 2 ,3 : Leistungsverlauf der ersten und zweiten Wärmequelle und Vorlauftemperaturabweichungsverlauf während des Durchführens des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens
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FIG. 1 a device for carrying out the method according to the invention -
FIG. 2 .3 : Performance curve of the first and second heat source and flow temperature deviation course during the implementation of the method according to the invention
In Strömungsrichtung des Wärmeträgermediums ist hinter der ersten Wärmequelle 3 eine zweite Wärmequelle 4 angeordnet. Im vorliegenden Fall handelt es sich um eine elektrische Heizung in Form beispielsweise einer Heizpatrone, die von dem Wärmeträgermedium umspült wird. Die zweite Wärmequelle 4 kann alternierend oder zusammen mit der ersten Wärmequelle 3 Wärme auf das Wärmeträgermedium übertragen. Ein Steuergerät 5 steuert über das Gebläse 2 die Wärmequelle 3 sowie die Wärmequelle 4. Zudem liegt über den Vorlauftemperatursensor 13 dem Steuergerät 5 die Information über die aktuelle Vorlauftemperatur vor. Weiterhin ist das Steuergerät 5 eingerichtet, über einen Außentemperaturfühler 7, die gewählte Raumtemperatur und ein mathematisches Modell des Gebäudes den aktuellen Wärmebedarf vorzugeben. Dies kann beispielsweise in Form einer Soll-Vorlauftemperatur geschehen. Durch Vergleich mit der mittels des Vorlauftemperatursensors gemessenen Ist-Vorlauftemperatur können die erste Wärmequelle 3 und die zweite Wärmequelle 4 angesteuert werden.In the flow direction of the heat transfer medium behind the
Dabei ist die erste Wärmequelle 3 so ausgeführt, dass sie über eine Minimalleistung und eine Maximalleistung verfügt. Die Wärmequelle 3 kann keine Wärme unterhalb der minimalen Leistung liefern, ohne periodisch abgeschaltet zu werden. Aus diesem Grund ist in Reihe hinter die erste Wärmequelle 3 die zweite Wärmequelle 4 geschaltet, die mithilfe elektrischer Energie das Wärmeträgermedium mit geringen Leistungen beheizen kann.In this case, the
Weiterhin ist es möglich, für hohen Wärmebedarf die erste Wärmequelle 3 und die zweite Wärmequelle 4 gleichzeitig zu betreiben.Furthermore, it is possible for high heat demand, the
Die Beschreibung erfolgt anhand eines Wärmebedarfs 101 der zunächst oberhalb der Minimalleistung P1,min und unterhalb der Maximalleistung P2,max der ersten Wärmequelle 3 ist. Der Wärmebedarf wird zunächst ausschließlich durch die erste Wärmequelle 3 gedeckt. Der Wärmebedarf singt zunächst kontinuierlich. Zum Zeitpunkt t1 unterschreitet der Wärmebedarf die Minimalleistung P1,min der ersten Wärmequelle 3. Die Leistung der ersten Wärmequelle 3 kann nicht weiter reduziert werden, so dass die Abweichung der Vorlauftemperatur langsam ansteigt. Die Vorlauftemperatur überschreitet einen ersten Differenzbetrag ΔT1. Nachdem dieser erste Differenzbetrag ΔT1 über einen Mindestzeitraum Δt1 vorliegt, wird zum Zeitpunkt t2 erkannt, dass über eine gewisse Dauer Δt1 ein niedrigerer Wärmebedarf vorliegt. Die erste Wärmequelle 3 wird abgeschaltet, der Verlauf des Graphen 103 fällt auf Null. Zeitgleich wird die zweite Wärmequelle 4 in Betrieb genommen, so dass der Graph 104 von Null ansteigt. Da bereits eine Übertemperatur der Vorlauftemperatur vorliegt, nähert sich die Leistung der zweiten Wärmequelle 4 nur langsam dem Verlauf des Wärmebedarf an.The description is based on a
Die beschriebenen Schwellwerte in Form des ersten Messeraums Δt1 und dem ersten Differenzbetrag ΔT1 dienen dazu, sicherzustellen dass die Umschaltung von der ersten Wärmequelle 3 auf die zweite Wärmequelle 4 nur dann erfolgt, wenn der Wärmebedarf 101 sicher abgesunken ist. Damit wird im Übergangsbereich ein häufiges hin und herschalten zwischen den Wärmequellen 3 und 4 vermieden.The described threshold values in the form of the first measurement space Δt 1 and the first difference ΔT 1 serve to ensure that the switchover from the
Der Wärmebedarf 101 steigt danach wieder an und überschreitet zum Zeitpunkt t3 die Minimalleistung der ersten Wärmequelle. In dem in
Abweichend davon wird in dem
Schließlich überschreitet zum Zeitpunkt t5 der Wärmebedarf 101 die Maximalleistung P1,max der ersten Wärmequelle 3. in einer optionalen Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird nun zusätzlich zu der ersten Wärmequelle 3 die zweite Wärmequelle 4 betrieben, was an dem ansteigenden Graphen 104 zu erkennen ist. Dabei decken die Leistungen 103 der erste Wärmequelle 3 und 104 der zweiten Wärmequelle 4 in Summe den Wärmebedarf 101.Finally, at time t5, the
- 11
- Heizgerätheater
- 22
- Gebläsefan
- 33
- Erste WärmequelleFirst heat source
- 44
- Zweite WärmequelleSecond heat source
- 55
- Steuergerätcontrol unit
- 66
- SekundärwärmetauscherSecondary heat exchanger
- 77
- AußentemperaturfühlerOutdoor temperature sensor
- 88th
- Wärmesenke HeizungHeat sink heating
- 99
- Wärmesenke WarmwasserspeicherHeat sink Hot water tank
- 1010
- DreiwegeventilThree-way valve
- 1111
- Heizkreislaufheating circuit
- 1212
- Umwälzpumpecirculating pump
- 1313
- VorlauftemperatursensorFlow temperature sensor
- 101101
- Wärmebedarfheat demand
- 102102
- Abweichung der VorlauftemperaturDeviation of the flow temperature
- 103103
- Heizleistung der ersten WärmequelleHeating power of the first heat source
- 104104
- Heizleistung der zweiten WärmequelleHeating power of the second heat source
- P1,min P 1, min
- Minimalleistung der ersten WärmequelleMinimum power of the first heat source
- P1,max P 1, max
- Maximalleistung der ersten WärmequelleMaximum power of the first heat source
- ΔT1 ΔT 1
- Erster Differenzbetrag der VorlauftemperaturFirst difference amount of the flow temperature
- ΔT2 ΔT 2
- Zweiter Differenzbetrag der VorlauftemperaturSecond differential amount of the flow temperature
- Δt1 Δt 1
- Erster MesszeitraumFirst measurement period
- Δt2 Δt 2
- Zweiter MesszeitraumSecond measurement period
- Δt3 Δt 3
- Dritter MesszeitraumThird measurement period
- t1 - t5t1 - t5
- Zeitpunkttime
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018108800.0A DE102018108800A1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Method of operating a hybrid heater and hybrid heater |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3553408A1 true EP3553408A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
EP3553408B1 EP3553408B1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
Family
ID=65657355
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19160242.4A Active EP3553408B1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-03-01 | Hybrid heating device and method for operating a hybrid heating device |
Country Status (3)
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---|---|
EP (1) | EP3553408B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018108800A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2863534T3 (en) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3109990A1 (en) | 1981-03-14 | 1982-09-23 | Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt | Electrical continuous-flow heater as an additional heating device for central heating systems |
DE3325822A1 (en) | 1983-07-18 | 1985-02-07 | Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann | Heating boiler |
DE9004025U1 (en) | 1989-08-03 | 1990-12-06 | Bossert, Gerdi, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De | |
DE102004029376A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heating apparatus with burner and auxiliary electric heater, switches electric heater on at switching threshold |
EP2189729A2 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-26 | Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG | Method for operating a heating assembly |
EP2615385A1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-17 | STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG | System manager for energy converters with adjustable power |
EP2735793A2 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2014-05-28 | Vaillant GmbH | Combustible gas-air mixing device |
CA2901659A1 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-02-25 | Miclau-S.R.I. Inc. | Dual/multi energy gas water heater |
-
2018
- 2018-04-13 DE DE102018108800.0A patent/DE102018108800A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-03-01 EP EP19160242.4A patent/EP3553408B1/en active Active
- 2019-03-01 ES ES19160242T patent/ES2863534T3/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3109990A1 (en) | 1981-03-14 | 1982-09-23 | Wella Ag, 6100 Darmstadt | Electrical continuous-flow heater as an additional heating device for central heating systems |
DE3325822A1 (en) | 1983-07-18 | 1985-02-07 | Hans Dr.h.c. 3559 Battenberg Vießmann | Heating boiler |
DE9004025U1 (en) | 1989-08-03 | 1990-12-06 | Bossert, Gerdi, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De | |
DE102004029376A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heating apparatus with burner and auxiliary electric heater, switches electric heater on at switching threshold |
EP2189729A2 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-26 | Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG | Method for operating a heating assembly |
EP2615385A1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-17 | STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG | System manager for energy converters with adjustable power |
EP2735793A2 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2014-05-28 | Vaillant GmbH | Combustible gas-air mixing device |
CA2901659A1 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-02-25 | Miclau-S.R.I. Inc. | Dual/multi energy gas water heater |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2863534T3 (en) | 2021-10-11 |
DE102018108800A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
EP3553408B1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
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