DE2631476A1 - Central heating system controlled by outside conditions - uses monitoring and comparison system to regulate fuel supply - Google Patents

Abstract

A central heating system operated to adapt to the time of day and/or the time of year, alters the predetermined time intervals. After a second set of predetermined time intervals, the heating is cut off and if a predetermined support temperature differs from the normal temperature the ambient temperature is controlled by comparison. During the second time intervals, the heating is reversed so that the normal temperature is reached as quickly as possible. In cold external conditions, the support temperature is raised, and is controlled from two fixed points. For outside temperatures which require the maximum heating up during the first time intervals, the support temperature is adjusted to the estimated normal temperature.

Description

Procedure and device for influencing

the temperature of at least one building room The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for implementation this procedure.

It is known in the case of rooms in buildings heated by heating systems, to save energy costs, the room temperature at the time of day and / or calendar time lower, especially during the night or during weekends. It is there known (TJS-PS 1,869,161) to lower the daily temperature in such a way that that a constant, below normal temperature lying support temperature of for example 160 C or less is set and from the beginning of the second time interval switch off the heating system until the room temperature has reached this constant level Support temperature has dropped and then the room temperature is regulated up by kept this support temperature. At a time depending on the outside temperature within the second time interval, the heating will then take place in good time started again that at the end of every second time interval the normal temperature is approximately reached again. However, this only works when the outside temperature is not too low, where the heating system is still sufficient to heat up sufficiently quickly Overcapacity has it. because, you give the system considerable additional capacity, However, this increases the investment and the costs considerably.

It is an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset To create a way in which it is achieved in a simple manner that the capacity the Plant according to the during the first time intervals maintaining normal temperatures can be designed and still no difficulties due to the time of day and / or calendar time, which serve to save energy Changes in room temperature occur when extreme outside temperatures occur.

To achieve this object, the method according to claim 1 is provided.

This method is suitable for both heating systems and for Air conditioners, d. that is, that it may also be used in connection with the cooling of the at least a building room can be used during summer operation.

This procedure makes it possible to use only for the first time intervals designed capacity of the system to ensure that even with the normally Outside temperatures occurring only on a few days of the year for which the capacity the system is designed to maintain normal temperature at the beginning of the first time intervals in the relevant building spaces are those for the human Normal temperature required for well-being. So there is no oversizing for this the system required so that the system works optimally and economically Investment costs can be kept to a minimum.

The measure according to claim 2 can be provided particularly expediently will.

Because such extreme temperatures where the maximum capacity the system at least almost continuously to maintain the normal temperature is stressed, rarely occur, they take effect in the second time intervals caused energy costs on the total energy costs only slightly and play against the cost savings due to the elimination of additional system capacity respectively.

due to significant deviations in room temperature from normal temperature disadvantages caused during the first time intervals are irrelevant.

A preferred development of this method is given in claim 5 described. The first limit value of the support temperature can either be independent be taken constant by the normal temperature, for example in the case of Heating is used for frost protection of the building room or rooms or the building Limit value of, for example, + 60C or this first limit value can be a function the normal temperature provided in each case in the same direction as the adjustment of the normal temperature can be changed, whereby in the case of heating the procedure must of course be as follows: that there is no risk of foX in the room or rooms concerned during the second Time intervals can occur. or there can be other changes to the first limit value are provided.

This method according to claim 5 also gives the possibility of the maximum Duration, .which in the case of heating at low outside temperatures or in the case of of cooling is required at very high outside temperatures, to bring the room temperature to approximately normal temperature at the beginning of the first time intervals to have raised or lowered in any desired expedient manner to limit, for example in the case of heating with daytime night reduction the maximum duration of heating for a predetermined number of hours, for example limited to 6 hours or in the case of a calendar time reduction - such as weekend or company holiday reduction - to another suitable maximum period of time, for example limited to 24 hours or two to three days, the maximum length of time the heating up or cooling down of the relevant building room (s) only at low temperatures or high outside temperatures depending on the programming of the outside temperature-dependent The support temperature is used during the run and between this outside temperature range and the outside temperatures lying at normal temperature, the heating-up and cooling-down times the shorter it becomes, the smaller the difference between normal temperature and outside temperature is. This method also enables it to be at high temperatures from normal deviating outside temperatures no excessive cooling or heating of the walls the building spaces occur. The wall temperatures also have a considerable effect on the human well-being, because not only the room air temperature is responsible for that human temperature perception is responsible, rather yourself in this regard also affect the wall temperatures. The increase or decrease in wall temperatures to normal temperature lasts for a given difference to normal temperature, the longer the more the outside temperature deviates from the normal temperature and lasts in in any case considerably longer than raising or lowering the air temperature of the building room concerned at normal temperature. The method of claim 5 also allows these circumstances affecting human well-being Optimally take this into account by looking at large deviations between normal temperature and outside temperature is the difference between normal temperature and support temperature the smaller it provides, the stronger the outside temperature is from the normal temperature deviates, d. H. the lower the outside temperature in the case of heating or the higher the outside temperature in the case of cooling -is. Also, this can be very significant have an energy-saving effect, especially in comparison to known methods those to prevent the walls from cooling down too much (in the case of heating) no very high night or week setback temperatures were used. Included allows this procedure, nevertheless, very large differences between the first Provide limit value of the support temperature and the normal temperature, which large Differences in frequently occurring outside temperatures can be achieved and in the even more frequent smaller differences between normal temperature and outside temperature if the first limit value of the reference value is so far removed from the normal temperature, that the energy supply of the system to the or the Building spaces from the beginning of the second time interval until the beginning of the return of the room temperature remains switched off at normal temperature. So it can be taken into account optimal human well-being during the first time intervals in every respect Create particularly favorable conditions and also save energy costs.

For returning the room temperature to the normal temperature can the further development of the method according to claim 7 is provided with particular advantage be. By returning the room temperature to normal temperature according to one of the time and the difference between normal temperature and outside temperature depending on the setpoint characteristic, it is ensured that even in the case of unfavorable Conditions are the normal temperature at the beginning of each first time interval at least is approximately reached, regardless of the fluctuating influences of the outside weather or similar. The setpoint characteristics can easily be provided in such a way that d. H.

program in such a way that, under the normally most unfavorable conditions, such as strong wind, lack of solar radiation or the like when using at least almost maximum performance of the system, the normal temperature with the beginning of the first Allow time intervals to be reached and, if weather or other conditions are more favorable than the assumed unfavorable case is then as a result of the rules the room temperature along the setpoint characteristic with a corresponding reduction the mean time output the system is also the normal temperature reached at the beginning of the second time interval.

Particularly when the second time intervals are switched on during the day, which in the case of heating is usually referred to as night reduction or night reduction intervals designated, it can be provided that the setpoint characteristics run linearly over time. This simplifies their programming and the function generator required to generate them. This measure is particularly useful in connection with the measure according to Claim 6, since you can then always achieve the maximum without difficulty Time interval between the start of heating or cooling and the end of the second Time interval is only so large that the use of linear setpoint characteristics is permissible is. If on the other hand - especially if the second one is switched on at the calendar time Time intervals, d. H. when the second time intervals are relatively long, for example several days - it is usually more practical to set the maximum time interval between Start of heating or cooling and termination of the second time interval To be taken so large that the linear course of the setpoint characteristics is no longer useful is, but a non-linear course of the setpoint characteristics, for example to program according to an exponential function or functions of the second or third order, around . heating up or cooling down the room temperature to normal temperature to be able to carry out the maximum energy supply with as few interruptions as possible, because this saves energy costs. The setpoint characteristics can be determined experimentally or possibly also by calculations or by a combination of calculations and experimental determinations for each building or building zone or room and once this has been determined, no subsequent changes are usually necessary. However, if there are building and / or plant conversions, normally a new definition of the setpoint characteristics is necessary.

The regulation according to the setpoint characteristics can be particularly useful be made according to the method according to claim 9, since this results in the control technology Effort is minimal and this also has a favorable effect on energy costs.

This inventive method can optionally only for one single room can be provided, e.g. for a production room, operating room, Laboratory room, open plan office or the like may be provided, but generally will useful for influencing the room temperature of an entire building or one Serve zone of a building. In the latter case you choose one or more Rooms in the building or the relevant building zone as "test room" or "test room" from, in which the room temperatures according to the invention procedure controlled or regulated. The other rooms of the building concerned or the building zone then run along with this test room or test rooms.

The temperature sensor or sensors that measure the room temperature for the purpose of their Feel the rules are to be arranged in the test room (s) in suitable places. The determination of the room temperature can preferably be made according to claim 13. If necessary, only the temperature of the room air can be felt, better however, the wall temperature must also be taken into account in the room temperature signal, for example by suitable arrangement of a sensor on, in or near the Wall or by using separate sensors for sensing the wall temperature and the room air temperature and their signals in a suitable manner to a single room temperature signal combined.

In some cases it may also be useful not to use room temperature to regulate or control, but the enthalpy of the room air.

Instead of the measure according to claim 6 can often also be provided expediently be, within the second time set intervals / the earlier with the heating or to start cooling down to room temperature, the greater the difference between normal temperature and outside temperature is.

If outside temperature was mentioned above, it is below including the case that not only the outside temperature is measured alone is, but that the signal inputting the outside temperature still with is dependent on one or moreCaRt4 physical state variables of the Outside weather conditions, which can also have an influence on the room temperature, such as solar radiation and / or wind force.

In general, however, the activation of such additional more physical. State variables of external weathering are dispensed with. In the case of the When heating, the first limit value of the support temperature can expediently be 4 ° - 12 ° C. Although it can be entered through its own frost protection thermostat, it is however, it is also possible to generate it in another way, for example by means of a limiter circuit of a function generator specifying the support temperature. The regulation of the room temperature to the support temperature or according to the setpoint characteristic can be made particularly advantageous by two-point control, since it is not it is necessary to adhere to them very precisely, so that on a more complex constant Regulation can generally be dispensed with with advantage.

In simple cases it can also be useful to set the room temperature in the second time intervals during the heating leading to normal temperature or to regulate or control cooling, but simply the maximum output the heating or cooling system without interruption until the end of the second 7th period to turn on.

If the relevant heating and / or cooling system is in is controlled or regulated according to this procedure, then it is in general It is advisable to influence the energy supply in the heating or air conditioning center. In the case of a heating system, this can expediently be done by, in the case of an oil or gas-fired boiler, the burner and preferably also the circulation pump for two-point control the room temperature according to the support temperature or guide temperature in the second Time interval can be switched on and off.

But it is also possible with the energy available from the system to feed two or more system circuits, which are independent of each other according to the method according to the invention controlled or

can be regulated, for example a circle of the north zone and a second circle be assigned to the south zone of a building.

To carry out the method according to the invention, it can be advantageous a device according to claim 15 can be provided. Advantageous developments of this Device are described in the dependent claims 16-21, it being understood that that this device also has numerous other advantageous developments and embodiments enables.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing. Show it: Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment a device according to the invention using the example of a heating system in FIG Diagram to explain the operation of the device according to FIG. 1 The device according to Fig. 1 has an outside temperature sensor sensing the outside temperature Ta 10 and a room temperature sensor 12 sensing the room temperature Tr. Possibly.

several room temperature sensors can also be provided,. ,suitable weighted. . ~ where the mean value of the absolute values of these sensors is formed. The same can also be provided for the outside temperature sensor.

Furthermore, a transmitter 11 is present, which the during the first Time intervals to be controlled value of the normal temperature Tn specifies and manually adjustable is. The output signal of this normal temperature sensor 11 and the output signal of the outside temperature sensor 1.0 are a differential element 13 to form the difference Tn-Ta pressed and this first difference signal present at its output is input to a function generator 14, which the generation of variables Characteristic curves are used, namely the variable support temperature Ts and the variable setpoint characteristic curve Tf.

Tf is the raising of the room temperature in the second time intervals leading time-dependent setpoint of the room temperature in the time segment t1 to t2. in the from to to t1 each first time segment second time interval Dt2 (FIG. 2), the function generator supplies a signal in corresponding to Tn - Ts a comparator 15 and in the subsequent, constant long time segment, which extends from t1 to t2, the function generator 14 supplies to the comparator 15 Tn - Tf corresponding signal.

A time switch device 16, i.e. a timer, is also provided, which are the first time intervals Dt1 from t2 to to and that from to to t2 reaching second time intervals Dt2 and also at a constant time interval also a signal before the end of every second time interval at time t1 to function generator 14 supplies.

The comparator 15 has a second input, which is one in one second differential element 17 is fed second differential signal formed, which corresponds to Tn - Tr.

This comparator 15 has two outputs 18, 19, namely a NO output 18 and a YES output 19. These two outputs 18, 19 are connected to the two inputs of a switching relay 20, the switching on and off of the burner 21 of an oil - or gas-fired boiler 22 of a heating system 23 is used to heat a building, a building zone or, if necessary, only one or more building rooms, such as a manufacturing room, while at the same time the circulation pump 24 of the relevant heating system 23 via a line 25 together with the burner 21 or with the closing or opening of the mixing valve 26 is switched on and off. The heating system 23 also has a boiler flow line 27 leading to a three-way mixing valve 26, a heating flow line 28, a heating return line 29 and a boiler return line 30 as well as heating elements such as 31. In the second time interval In all cases, the mixing valve 26 is scanned with a time delay via the line 25 when the burner 21 is switched off and is opened to the maximum every time the burner 21 is switched on during its burning time.

It is also an outside temperature-dependent room temperature control device 32, which allows controlling the room temperature during each first time interval according to the value of the specified normal temperature Tn as a function of the outside temperature Ta serves. At the beginning (to) of every second time interval TD2 is the output signal this control device 32 by means of a switch controlled by the timer 16 33 switched off and switched on again at the end (t2) of every second time interval. The output line 34, in which the switch 33 is interposed, leads to the servomotor 35 of the mixing valve 24 for continuous control of the heating flow temperature for the purpose of constant control of the room temperature during the first time intervals TD1, for this purpose, the heating flow temperature sensed by a temperature sensor 18 is used regulated as a function of the outside temperature Ta, with a circuit not shown regulates a constant boiler flow temperature, e.g. by activating the switching relay 20 by means of a boiler thermostat.

The function generator 16, which for example as an analog or Digital computer can be designed, is at the time to by the time switching device 16 switched on or brought into effect and switched off again at time t2 or made ineffective and calculated from its various input data, of which only the first difference signal Tn - Ta changes, while the thermo-technical Properties of the building or the like and the corresponding heating system, Input data symbolized by the arrows 40, 41 after the correct setting has been made normally the support temperature and the setpoint characteristic do not have to be changed during every second time interval TD2. The support temperature generation is used to Time to switched on and at time t1 on the generation of the setpoint characteristic switched.

A schematic example of the operation of the device according to Fig. 1 is shown in the diagram of FIG. The abscissa corresponds to the time axis t and the ordinate corresponds to temperatures. The value of the set normal temperature is + 20 ° C. Some support temperatures Ts are dash-dotted and some setpoint characteristics Tf are dotted with two dash-dots for the different outside temperatures entered Ta registered. The first and second limit values of the support temperatures are included with Ts1 or Ts2, the other support temperatures with Ts. Equals are some room temperature curves Tr for different outside temperatures Ta, dashed registered. If the normal temperature is set to other values, change also the support temperatures and calculated by the function generator 14 Setpoint characteristics. The support temperatures can be adjusted continuously or discontinuously and setpoint characteristics can be provided. If necessary, Ts1 can be programmed to be constant.

In this simple exemplary embodiment, the setpoint characteristics are used formed by straight lines or straight branches of the characteristic curve, which is not too large Time spans between t1 and t2 are at least in many cases readily permissible is, for example, is normally allowed when t2 - t1 six hours amounts to.

Instead of training the function generator as a computer, it can be used in in many cases also have other forms of training, for example the support temperatures and guide temperature characteristics by means of other electronic circuits or generated by means of driven cams or in some other way.

The families of curves shown in FIG. 2, the curve parameters of which is the outside temperature in each case, of course, only provide a few curves, for example and are only intended to reflect the principle How the institution works according to Fig. 1 clarify.

As such, the method of operation of the device results from FIGS. 1 and 2 and explanations above. Nevertheless, there are a few more remarks made. The heating system 23 is tailored to the rooms to be heated maximum output depending on the climatic zone in which the building in question is located is so taken that it is deepest at normally occurring in winter Outside temperature (reference temperature) the adjustable normal temperatures of the to heating rooms and at this reference temperature still a small excess capacity of for example 10%.

In Germany, a reference temperature is used in most cases from -150C to -200 C.

In the diagram of FIG. 2, those on both sides of the are shown second time intervals Dt2 adjoining two first time intervals Dt1 excerpts marked with. At time to, the timer 16 switches from the control the normal temperature Tn to the economy mode, which with daily periodicity normally the night setback and, in the case of weekly periodicity, the Weekend setback is. In the case of daytime night reduction, for example, the Time to at 5:00 p.m. and time t2 to 8:00 a.m. of time to the following day. For a better overview are in Fig. 2 the Dashed room temperatures for non-changing outside temperatures Ta drawn in. In reality if this is not the case, so that the respective effective support temperature and setpoint characteristic are in knowledge changes slowly during the second time interval.

If the outside temperature has such a low extreme value that the heating system can only maintain the normal temperature during the first time intervals with at least almost maximum conduction, i.e. if the outside temperature in this embodiment is - 200C, then the support temperature corresponds to Ts 2 and the setpoint Tf in this embodiment the set value of the normal temperature, so that there is no lowering of the room temperature at all because otherwise the heating in the second time interval will no longer succeed. In some cases, provision can also be made for a slight reduction in room temperature, for example 10 -20e, to be provided for at this extreme temperature of - 20 ° C (all specified temperature values are examples and differ depending on the climatic zone and other conditions), for example 10 -20e, provided that the temperature is low Allow room temperatures below t2 or additional heat sources, such as lighting, can be switched on. At an outside temperature of - 15 ° C, a support temperature that is significantly below normal is automatically set and the more the outside temperature rises, the lower the support temperature is automatically set until a preferably constant first limit support temperature Ts1 of 80C is reached. This support temperature is no longer fallen below, so that during the entire heating season the room temperature can never drop below this limit support temperature /. In this exemplary embodiment, this first limit support temperature is automatically set from an outside temperature of -5 0C and then, so that it can only take effect when the outside temperature is between -50 and 8 0C.

If the room temperature in the period from to to t1 due to the Time to shutdown of the burner 21 up to the respective support temperature drops, then the room temperature will be at the respective support temperature up to time tl held by two-point control by means of the comparator 15 and the switching relay 20. The support temperatures are such that in a first, in this embodiment from d9 OC to -5 OC, the time t1 is the last possible outside temperature range The point in time is to use at least almost the maximum heating output of the heating system 23 by regulating the room temperature along the time segment t1 to t2 then valid setpoint characteristics at time t2 the normal temperature of the room temperature approximately to be reached again, i.e. the support temperature in question at time t1 The subsequent setpoint characteristic corresponds approximately to that from the point in time t1 uninterrupted switching on of maximum heating output resulting in room temperature increase. In that of C C second outside temperature range reaching up to normal temperature the time at which the heating starts shifts with increasing outside temperature always further in the direction of t2, where possible

the room temperature up to the start of heating to the first limit support temperature Ts1 is held, which is then a horizontal, non-time-varying branch of the Setpoint characteristic forms. If the outside temperature is higher than the first limit support temperature however, the room temperature can no longer rise to the first limit § set temperature sink. Depending on the length of the time span from to to tl, this can also be done at Outside temperatures below -50C also occur.

In these cases, heating begins when the setpoint, which increases as a function of time according to the setpoint characteristic Tf, exceeds the room temperature. The comparator 15 also forms the two-point Controller rür / room temperature, if the setpoint of the room temperature is determined by the setpoint characteristic.

The two-point temperature control property of the comparator 15 in connection with the switching relay 20 results from the fact that this comparator has the NO output 18 and the YES output 19. If the NO output 18 is effective, the switching relay is 20 switched so that it turns off the burner 21 and the heat supply to the radiators 31 after switching off the pump 24 prevents. If the YES output is effective, will the switching relay 20 switched so that it the burner 21 to full power and the pump 24 switches on and the three-way valve 26 - possibly delayed with switching on a minimum limitation of the boiler return temperature (not shown) - maximum opening, so that finally in the heating course 28 only boiler water from the boiler flow 27 and no heating return water is flowing in.

As can be seen from the entries for block 15 in FIG. 1, its YES output is effective if in the time segment from to to t1 or in the time period from tl to t2 is present, otherwise the NO output of the comparator 15 is effective.

There are, of course, numerous other ways to get in and out Turning off the energy supply to the radiators 31 by means of the switching relay 20 possible, so that the heating system shown is only one of numerous possible designs shows.

The device shown can also be modified in many ways.

Claims (21)

Patent claims automatic 1.) Method for / time of day and / or calendar-time influencing of the temperature of at least one building room, by influencing the temperature during predetermined first time intervals The energy-supplying system is maintained at an adjustable normal temperature, whereas, at the beginning of the second time intervals in between, the supply of Energy is switched off through the system to at least one building room and, if a predetermined support temperature deviating significantly from normal temperature is reached, then the room temperature is regulated according to this support temperature and within the second time interval, the system is timed to at least almost maximum energy supply is switched to the building or rooms that the normal temperature towards the end of the second time interval in at least almost The shortest possible time is reached again, that is, it is not possible to do so h -n e t that at outside temperatures, the at least almost the maximum output of the Make a facility to maintain the normal temperature necessary, the support temperature changed to a value that corresponds at least almost to this normal temperature will. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at outside temperatures, the maximum during the first time intervals at least almost continuously supply of energy through the system to the building room (s) determine the support temperature is set to the intended normal temperature. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the the set support temperature is regulated by two-point rules. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that during the first time intervals the room temperature as a function of the outside temperature is controlled. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that starting from the second at least nearly corresponding to the normal temperature Limit value of the support temperature is the difference between the intended normal temperature and the support value with decreasing difference between normal temperature and outside temperature is increased continuously or discontinuously by changing the reference value until a predetermined one the first limit value of the support temperature is reached, that with further decreasing difference is then no longer changed between normal temperature and outside temperature. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the support temperature in the range between the first and second limit value so taking into account the The building and system values are programmed in accordance with these support temperatures Regulated room temperatures with the return of the room temperature to the oL temperature always at the same predetermined time interval before the end of the second time interval is started. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that for bringing the room temperature back to the normal temperature a time-dependent one Setpoint characteristic for time-dependent control of the room temperature is specified, their course taking into account the building and system values from the difference between normal temperature and outside temperature: is. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the setpoint characteristics run linearly over time. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the control according to the setpoint characteristic is carried out by two-point rules, whereby in the switch-on phases of the energy supply to the relevant housing room or rooms the system is switched to maximum energy supply. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that it is used to influence the room temperature by heating. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that that it is used to influence the room temperature by cooling. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that it affects the room temperature of an entire building or a zone of a Building serves. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the room temperature is both the room air temperature and a wall temperature of the room concerned is taken into account according to the human sensation of warmth. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that at the outside temperature there is also at least one other physical state variable the outside weather is taken into account, preferably solar radiation and / or Wind strength, according to its influence on the heat transmission between the or the relevant building numbers and the outside atmosphere. 15. Device for controlling and / or regulating one of the influencing factors the temperature of at least one room in a building Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a time switch device (16) for measuring first and second time intervals (Dt 1 and Dt 2, respectively), one Control device (32) or regulating device for the outside temperature or weather dependent Control or regulate the room temperature according to specified adjustable normal temperatures (Tn) during the first time intervals, a function generator (14) for specifying a variable support temperature (Ts) during the second time interval, this support temperature depends in a predetermined manner on the means of an outside temperature or. Weather giver (10) perceived outside temperature or outside weather, a comparator (15) and from it controlled switching means (20) to the supply of the room temperature influence serving energy supplied by the system during the second time intervals switch off completely as long as one or more room temperature sensors (11) Perceived room temperature from the respective support temperature towards the normal temperature deviates and, when the room temperature reaches the support temperature, this room temperature to keep at the base temperature. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the comparator (15) depending on the support or room temperature, preferably at the earliest al) a predetermined intermediate time entered into it by the timer (t1) the rise or fall in room temperature within every second time interval to normal temperature, the beginning of this rise and fall respectively is determined so that using at least almost the maximum output of the system the normal temperature is approximately reached at the end of the second time interval. 17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the Function generator (14) is designed so that it starts from the predetermined, by the Time switch device (16) entered, lying within the second time interval Intermediate time point (t1) to the comparator (15) one of the difference between normal temperature and outside temperature and the time-dependent setpoint characteristic of the room temperature which takes the place of the support temperature and that at the end of the second Time interval (Dt 2) has reached the value of the normal temperature, so that if at the intermediate time (tl) the room temperature (Tr) from the setpoint characteristic deviates in the direction of normal temperature, the rise or fall of the Room temperature to normal temperature is only then initiated and according to the setpoint characteristic is performed as soon as the setpoint characteristic curve reaches room temperature or at Heating exceeds or falls below during cooling. 18. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that that the room temperature in the second time interval by means of a two-point control device is regulated, and the system always only uses such energy to influence the room temperature supplies that change the room temperature towards the normal temperature able. 19. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that that it is assigned to a heating system. 20. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that that it is assigned to an air conditioning system. 21. Device according to one of claims 15-20, characterized in that that instead of the room temperature, the enthalpy of the room air is felt and controlled or is regulated.