EP3548234B1 - Long knife with several components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multi-part long knife for cutting rubberized and ungummed steel cord, rubber webs with or without fiber reinforcement, industrial textiles, sheet steel and non-ferrous metals with an elongated knife carrier on which at least one elongated blade with a cutting edge is held.

Long knives are used in industrial cutting devices in the manufacture of various products. The long knives have a cutting edge that interacts with a correspondingly designed second cutting edge, which is located, for example, on a cutting table or another long knife. The cutting devices are equipped, for example, with an upper long knife and a lower long knife, between which a cutting gap is formed. The cutting gap is closed by relative movement between the upper long blade and the lower long blade and a material arranged in the cutting gap is cut by the cutting edges.

Typical areas of use for such cutting devices are primarily in the field of tire production, with rubberized and ungummed steel cord and rubber webs being cut with or without fiber reinforcement. Furthermore, industrial textiles, sheet steel, non-ferrous metals, cardboard, veneers and plastic panels are cut with generic cutting devices. Long knives are usually used in lengths of less than one and up to more than six meters.

With many materials, the cutting edges are subject to relatively high wear. In order to keep this low and to achieve a longer service life of the long knife with a long-lasting sharpness of the cutting edge, higher-quality materials such as carbide can be used. Although these have advantages in terms of their service life and their temperature and corrosion resistance, they are not only more difficult to machine, but also significantly more expensive than conventional cutting steel.

It is therefore known to use multi-piece long knives in which a knife carrier is made from a cheaper material such as cutting steel and to attach one or more blades made from a special material such as hard metal. The cutting edge is then formed on the blade or blades, so that a long service life and a good cutting result are achieved.

The long knives are exposed to high loads, especially in the applications mentioned, because due to material build-up, not only the cutting, but especially the return stroke exerts high forces on the long knife, so that stable mounting of the blade on the knife carrier is required. In known long knives, the blade is therefore usually attached to the knife carrier by means of a soldering process. Bonding methods have not yet proven to be sufficiently reliable due to the loads that occur on the blade.

A connection between the knife carrier and the blade using a soldering process enables a very stable and reliable connection. However, it is not possible to exchange the blades to recycle the knife carrier. Furthermore, not all materials that are advantageous for manufacturing blades can be soldered. In particular, blades made of extremely fine carbide alloys are difficult to solder.

A knife strip with a clamping cutting blade for cutting paper and the like is in DE 103 59 025 A1 disclosed.

Comparable knife strips for cutting other materials are in US 4,036,095A , US 3,779,123A and UK 525385 described. The knife of the last document forms the preamble of claim 1. Sheet metal, cold and hot metals in rolling mills and shipyards are mentioned as intended uses.

Clamping cutters are also known from rotating cutting tools, such as from EP 0 761 089 A and US 4,131,047A .

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a multi-part long knife for cutting rubberized and ungummed Steel cord, rubber sheeting with or without fiber reinforcement, industrial textiles, sheet steel and non-ferrous metals that can be produced inexpensively and allows the combination of different materials for the knife carrier and blade. It should also be possible to cut industrial textiles, cardboard boxes, veneers and plastic panels with the cutting devices.

This problem is solved by a long knife with the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent claims.

In the case of a multi-part long knife with an elongated knife carrier on which at least one elongated blade with a cutting edge is held, it is provided according to the invention that the knife carrier has a clamping strip which is guided in a clamping direction in a recess in the knife carrier, with between the knife carrier and the the clamping strip guided in the recess, a receptacle for the blade is formed, with a first clamping surface being formed on the knife carrier and a second clamping surface, opposite the first clamping surface, being formed on the clamping strip, between which the blade can be clamped, the clamping surfaces being parallel to a longitudinal direction and to one another extend inclined, wherein the clamping surfaces are each inclined at an angle of 35 ° to 55 ° to the clamping direction K.

The blade is held clamped between the blade carrier and the terminal strip, the terminal strip being displaceable relative to the blade carrier. The cutting edge of the blade protrudes from the receptacle and is only clamped between the clamping surfaces, without the need for additional fastening means such as screws that are passed through the blade. The blade can be removed and a new blade can be inserted by expanding the mount between the clamping strip and the knife carrier. The first clamping surface formed on the blade carrier represents a defined contact and thus positioning for the blade. It is thus possible to accommodate the blade in the blade carrier very precisely and without play, with any material pairings being able to be used.

The clamping direction preferably runs transversely to an intended cutting direction, ie in particular perpendicular to the cutting edge. The forces occurring during cutting and also during the return stroke of the long knife then do not counteract the clamping forces between the clamping strip and the knife carrier at all or only to a small extent. An unintentional independent release of the blade from the knife carrier is therefore hardly to be feared.

In particular, the width of the receptacle can be adjusted by selecting a suitable clamping strip, so that blades with different thicknesses can also be used. The knife carrier could also be combined with a different clamping strip in order to achieve better adaptation of the mount to differently shaped blades.

The clamping strip is designed, for example, in such a way that it terminates flush with an outer surface of the knife carrier in a clamping position in which the clamping strip clamps the blade in the receptacle.

The clamping surfaces extend parallel to a longitudinal direction and are inclined towards one another. In other words, the cross section of the receptacle expands or decreases, with an inward expansion away from the insertion opening being preferred. In particular, the blade has a cross section adapted to this shape. This ensures self-centering and a secure hold of the blade. Furthermore, the blade cannot be pulled out of the receptacle unintentionally, for example due to adhering material, but only when the terminal strip is released. The mutually inclined alignment of the clamping surfaces thus causes a form fit which prevents the blade from being pulled out of the recess.

Alternatively, other suitable means for forming a form fit can be present on the receptacle and/or on the blade, which make it difficult to pull the blade out of the receptacle, the form fit being canceled when the clamping elements are released and the blade can be removed from the receptacle.

The clamping surfaces are each inclined at an angle of 35° to 55°, in particular from 40° to 50° to the clamping direction. Since the clamping direction preferably runs perpendicularly to the cutting direction, the blade is also arranged at an angle of approx. 35° to 55°, in particular 40° to 50° to the cutting direction, so that the forces occurring during cutting can be ideally introduced into the knife carrier is possible. For example, the insertion opening of the receptacle is provided on an edge of the knife carrier, so that the inclined blade protrudes beyond the two adjacent surfaces. Cut material can thus escape into the space below the blade and thus a good cutting result can be achieved.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are given below and in the subclaims.

For example, the angle between the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface is between 1° and 7°, in particular between 3° and 5°, so that only a slight widening of the receptacle is required to remove the blade and high clamping forces can be transmitted. The preferred angle information also compensates for the high cutting forces when cutting and when retracting at the cutting edge, which means that the service life has been significantly increased compared to known long knives.

The blade has, for example, contact surfaces for contact with the clamping surfaces, with the angle of the contact surfaces relative to one another corresponding to the angle of the clamping surfaces to one another or being slightly larger or smaller than this, so that contact between the blade and the clamping strip or knife carrier is as flat as possible . As a result, high clamping forces can be transmitted and thus a stable hold of the blade can be guaranteed.

A further advantage of this design of the receptacle and the blade is that the blade is prevented from falling out of the receptacle even after the clamping strip has been pre-positioned in relation to the knife carrier or the blade. At the same time, it is still possible to align the blade. The blade could, for example, if the Recording is sufficiently deep to be pushed further into the recording, so that there is initially a slight play between the blade and the recording, which allows the blade to be moved. For example, the blade can also be pre-fixed by gently clamping it so that it cannot fall out of the mount. The blade is then pushed completely into the receptacle, for example until the blade rests against a base of the receptacle or a stop.

The stop for the blade is preferably formed by a base of the receptacle. The bottom of the receptacle can be formed, at least in sections, by a stop surface of the terminal strip running essentially in the clamping direction, with the blade having a corresponding surface. The stop surface can thus absorb the forces acting in the cutting direction and dissipate them via the knife carrier without the clamping strip being loaded in the opening direction. It is particularly advantageous that the blade rests against the second clamping surface, which is provided on the clamping strip, and the stop surface and is pressed together by these against the knife carrier. The blade is thus supported flat.

The bottom of the receptacle can be delimited at least in sections by a delimitation surface of the knife carrier running essentially perpendicularly to the clamping direction, with the blade being able to have a corresponding surface. When the blade is clamped, it is then pushed in the direction of the ground due to the inclined orientation of the clamping surfaces, until the blade is completely in the receptacle and is in contact with the base of the receptacle. However, if possible, there should still be a small gap to the boundary surface in order to avoid excessive tension in the blade.

At least one guide for the terminal strip can be provided on the knife carrier, and the terminal strip has at least one projection protruding into the guide. As a result, the clamping strip is aligned in the desired position on the knife carrier and can be moved in the clamping direction. For example, the guide and the projection can extend over the entire width of the long knife. It is but it is also possible for these to only extend over partial areas of the blade carrier and the terminal strip, so that the terminal strip is fixed to the blade carrier in the longitudinal direction of the terminal strip.

The stop surface is preferably formed on the projection. Due to the projection, sufficient material is available for the abutment surface, which is accordingly also able to absorb higher forces.

In a preferred embodiment, the clamping strip is held on the knife carrier by a large number of clamping elements arranged next to one another in the longitudinal direction, with the clamping elements being guided in particular by the projection. In this way, a homogeneous clamping force can be generated in the longitudinal direction.

The clamping elements are preferably designed as screws which are rotatably held in the blade carrier or in the clamping strip and engage in a thread provided on the clamping strip or on the blade carrier, so that stepless clamping of the clamping strip against the blade carrier or the blade is possible. For example, the screws are arranged in the area of the guide and the projection and extend through the projection. The screws therefore do not come into contact with the blade.

In this case, the screws are preferably arranged on a front side of the long blade, viewed in the direction of web travel. The area below the blade, in which the cut material is pressed, can thus remain free.

Preferably, the screw head is countersunk on the blade carrier or on the terminal strip, so that apart from the blade, no components protrude beyond the surfaces of the blade carrier or the terminal strip.

Fig. 1.

Eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Langmessers;

Fig. 2.

eine Draufsicht auf das Langmesser aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3.

eine Schnittansicht des Langmessers aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 4.

eine Schnittansicht des Langmessers aus Fig. 1 im Bereich der Klinge;

Fig. 5.

eine Schnittansicht des Langmessers aus Fig. 1 im Bereich der Klemmleiste und der Klinge;

Fig. 6.

eine Schnittansicht des Messerträgers des Langmessers aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 7.

eine Schnittansicht der Klemmleiste des Langmessers aus Fig. 1 und

Fig. 8.

eine Schnittansicht der Klinge des Langmessers aus Fig. 1.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1

A perspective view of a long knife according to the invention;

2

a top view of the long knife 1 ;

3

a sectional view of the long knife 1 ;

4

a sectional view of the long knife 1 in the blade area;

figure 5

a sectional view of the long knife 1 in the area of the terminal block and the blade;

6

a sectional view of the knife carrier of the long knife 1 ;

7

a sectional view of the terminal block of the long knife 1 and

8

A sectional view of the blade of the long knife 1 .

In the Figures 1 to 3 1 shows a specific embodiment of a long blade 10 according to the invention for cutting rubberized and ungummed steel cord, rubber webs with or without fiber reinforcement, industrial textiles, sheet steel and non-ferrous metals for a cutting device that is not shown. The long knife 10 has a knife carrier 12, a clamping strip 14 and a blade 16 with a cutting edge 18. The long knife 10 is inserted into a cutting device in such a way that the cutting edge 18 moves in a cutting direction S relative to a second, corresponding cutting edge and in the cutting gap material between the cutting edges can be cut.

The knife carrier 12 has an essentially cuboid base body 20 which extends in a longitudinal direction L (see also figure 6 ). Means, not shown here, for mounting the long blade 10 in a cutting device are provided on the base body 20 . A recess 22 is formed on the base body 20 and extends into extends over the entire base body 20 in a longitudinal direction L running perpendicularly to the cutting direction S.

The recess 22 extends from a surface 24 of the base body 20 running in the cutting direction S into the base body, the recess 22 being directed away from a front edge 26 in the cutting direction S. The recess 22 has a guide 28 in the form of a groove with a rectangular cross section, extending transversely to the cutting direction into the base body 20 and in the longitudinal direction L over the entire length of the base body. The guide 28 opens into a plurality of bores 30 extending through the base body 20. From the surface 32 opposite the surface 24, a plurality of clamping elements 34 designed as screws with an external thread extend through the bores 30 and the guide 28 into the recess 22. The screw heads 36 are countersunk in recesses 38 provided on the surface 32 of the base body 20 so that they do not protrude beyond the surface 32 . The screw heads 36 each rest on the bottom 40 of the recesses 38 .

The terminal strip 14 (see also figure 7 ) extends in the longitudinal direction L over the entire length of the knife carrier 12 and has a projection 42 which protrudes into the guide 28 in a clamping direction running transversely to the longitudinal direction L and transversely to the cutting direction S, so that the clamping strip 14 can be displaced in the clamping direction K on the Knife carrier 12 is mounted. A plurality of bores 44 corresponding to the bores 30 and the clamping elements 34 are provided in the terminal strip 14 and have internal threads corresponding to the threads of the clamping elements 34 . The clamping elements 34 extend into the bores 44 and into the internal threads. By turning the clamping elements 34, the clamping strip 14 can be displaced parallel to the clamping direction against the knife carrier 12.

A receptacle 46 for the blade 16 is formed between the terminal strip 14 and the blade carrier 12 and extends obliquely from an insertion opening 48 on the edge 26 between the blade carrier 12 and the terminal strip 14 . By moving the clamping bar 14 in the clamping direction K, the width of the receptacle 46 is reduced so that the blade 16 is clamped in the receptacle 46 between the terminal strip 14 and the knife carrier 12.

The receptacle 46 is closed off by a first clamping surface 50 provided on the knife carrier 12 and a second clamping surface 52 provided on the clamping strip 14 and a base 54 . The base 54 is delimited by a boundary surface 56 running perpendicularly to the clamping direction K and provided on the knife carrier 12 and formed by a stop surface 58 running in the clamping direction K and provided on the clamping strip 14 .

The first and the second clamping surface 50, 52 run at an angle of between 40° and 50° to the cutting direction S, with the clamping surfaces 50, 52 enclosing an angle of between 3° and 5°, so that the receptacle 46 moves away from the insertion opening 48 extended toward bottom 54.

The blade 16 has surfaces 60, 62 corresponding to the clamping surfaces 50, 52, which are also inclined to one another and enclose an angle of approximately 3° to 5°. In particular, the angle subtended by the surfaces 60, 62 corresponds to the angle between the clamping surfaces 50, 52 or is slightly larger or smaller than this.

At a rear end of the blade 16 in the insertion direction E, a cutting edge 18 is provided, which is formed by two partial surfaces 64, 66 standing at an angle to one another, with a first partial surface 64 running in the cutting direction S. The second partial surface 66 runs essentially perpendicularly to the first partial surface 64 or to the cutting direction S. Two essentially perpendicular surfaces 68, 70 are provided at the opposite front end, which are aligned adjacent to the boundary surface 56 or to the stop surface 58. The transition between the surface 70 associated with the stop surface 58 and the second surface 68 is rounded (see in particular figures 4 , 5 and 8th ).

To mount the blade 16, the clamping strip 14 is moved in such a way that the receptacle 46 is wide enough to accommodate the blade 16. Then the Blade 16 is inserted into the receptacle 46 in the direction of insertion E until the second surface 62 rests against the second clamping surface 52 and the second surface 70 rests against the stop surface 58 . After the blade 16 has been pushed in, the clamping strip 14 is moved in the clamping direction K against the knife carrier 12 by rotating the clamping elements 34 until the first surface 60 rests against the first clamping surface 52 . By turning the clamping elements 34 further, the clamping strip 14 is prestressed against the blade carrier 12 and the blade 16 is clamped in the receptacle 46 between the clamping strip 14 and the blade carrier 12 .

As in particular in the figures 4 and 5 As can be seen, the blade 16 is clamped without play between the clamping surfaces 50, 52 and the stop surface 58, the blade 16 being spaced apart from the limiting surface 56 in the clamping position shown.

The blade 16 is clamped in such a way that the cutting edge 18 protrudes beyond the adjoining surface 24 so that space is available below the blade 16 or the cutting edge 18 for the material that has been cut off. In figure 5 a state is shown in which an upper edge of the blade 16 projects beyond an upper side of the knife carrier. However, this overhang is ground off after the blade 16 has been inserted, so that a planar surface is obtained over which the material to be cut can be moved without problems.

In particular, the clamping elements 34 are countersunk in such a way that even if the surfaces 24 , 32 wear out as a result of use, they do not protrude beyond the surfaces 24 , 32 . The receptacle 28 and thus the position of the blade 16 are also independent of use-related wear on the surfaces.

The invention is not limited to one of the embodiments described above, but can be modified in many ways. For example, the knife carrier can not only have a holder for a blade, but also several holders with a corresponding number of clamping strips. An embodiment with two receptacles for two blades, which are one below the other or diagonally opposite one another, is preferred are arranged. When a blade becomes worn, the other blade can be used first by turning the long knife before a completely new long knife or at least a replacement of the blades becomes necessary. <b>Reference List</b> 10 long knife 48 insertion opening 12 knife carrier 50 clamping surface 14 terminal strip 52 clamping surface 16 blade 54 floor 18 cutting edge 56 boundary surface 20 body 58 stop surface 22 Recess on the body 60 Surface 24 surface of the body 62 Surface 26 edge of the body 64 face 28 guide 66 face 30 drilling 68 Surface 32 surface of the body 70 Surface 34 clamping element 36 screw head E insertion direction 38 recess K clamping direction 40 floor L longitudinal direction 42 head Start S cutting direction 44 drilling 46 recording

Claims (10)

1. A multi-part long knife (10) for cutting rubberized and non-rubberized steel cord, rubber sheets with or without fiber reinforcement, industrial textiles, steel sheets and non-ferrous metals having an elongate knife carrier (12) on which at least one elongate blade (16) with a cutting edge (18) is held, wherein the knife carrier (12) comprises a clamping strip (14) which is guided in a recess (22) of the knife carrier (12) in a clamping direction (K), wherein a receptacle (46) for the blade (16) is formed between the knife carrier (12) and the clamping strip (14) guided in the recess (22), wherein a first clamping surface (50) is formed on the knife carrier (12) and a second clamping surface (52) opposite the first clamping surface (50) is formed on the clamping strip (14), between which the blade (16) can be clamped, wherein the clamping surfaces (50, 52) extend parallel to a longitudinal direction L and inclined to each other, characterized in that the clamping surfaces (50, 52) are each inclined at an angle of 35° to 55° to the clamping direction K.
2. The long knife according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an angle between the first clamping surface (50) and the second clamping surface (52) is between 1° and 7°, in particular between 3° and 5°.
3. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade (16) comprises contact surfaces (60, 62) for contact with the clamping surfaces (50, 52), wherein the angle of the contact surfaces (60, 62) relative to each other corresponds to the angle of the clamping surfaces (50, 52) to each other or is smaller or larger than this.
4. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping surfaces (50, 52) are each inclined at an angle of 40° to 50° to the clamping direction (K).
5. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bottom (54) of the receptacle (46) is formed at least in sections by a stop surface (58) of the clamping strip (14) running substantially in the clamping direction (K), wherein the blade (16) has a corresponding surface (70).
6. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (54) of the receptacle (46) is bounded at least in sections by a boundary surface (56) running substantially perpendicular to the clamping direction (K), which boundary surface is formed on the knife carrier (12).
7. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one guide (28) for the clamping strip (14) is provided on the knife carrier (12) and the clamping strip (14) comprises at least one projection (42) projecting into the guide (28).
8. The long knife according to claim 7, characterized in that the stop surface (58) is formed on the projection (42).
9. The long knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping strip (14) is held on the knife carrier (12) via a plurality of clamping elements (34) arranged next to each other in the longitudinal direction, wherein the clamping elements (34) in particular are guided by the projection (42).
10. The long knife according to claim 9, characterized in that the clamping elements (34) are formed as screws which are rotatably held in the knife carrier (12) or in the clamping strip (14) and engage in a thread provided on the clamping strip (14) or on the knife carrier (12).

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