Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
  • B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
  • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
  • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
  • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
  • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C44/08—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using several expanding or moulding steps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
  • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/16—Fillers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/44—Furniture or parts thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for producing a component / a workpiece, wherein the component is at least partially manufactured using an additive method.
• a method for producing a component / a workpiece wherein the component is at least partially manufactured using an additive method.
• such a method can be used in the field of manufacturing components for the furniture and component industry.
• the invention relates to a device and a product.
• the document DE 2014 206 697 AI is known, which relates to an apparatus and a method for creating solids.
• the device shown in this document comprises a machining tool for preferably abrasive machining of workpieces, a feed device for supplying an additive material, for example. Partial wood material, such as wood foam and an applicator unit for forming solids from the material supplied by the feeder.
• FDM method melt-layer method
• filling or support structures are produced to increase the component stability and to support overhangs. These structures are created inside or outside a component outer contour. Filling structures remain in the component, whereas support structures are usually separated from it.
• the density of the printed component can be varied and a higher strength of the component.
• the pattern also affects the strength of the component.
• the choice of the pattern ensures, depending on the application, a relatively fast production or a higher strength of the support structure.
• the filling or support structures are produced with the same printing device as the outer contour or with a separate printing device.
• filling structures can also be made of a thermoplastic other than the outer contour.
• the known procedure leads to a significantly increased energy consumption, and in large-volume components, the filling structures lead to a significant proportion of the total weight of the components.
• the use of filling structures can only have a very limited influence on the component density. Due to the only partial connection between the filling structure and the outer shell, only a limited strength of the models is achieved, so that the strength of the components depends strongly on the selected filling pattern.
• the aim of the present invention is to provide a method by which the drawbacks known in the prior art are at least partially eliminated or reduced, and / or to provide a method which combines flexible production with a high throughput. Also, a device and a product are required to achieve the stated goals.
• the subject-matter of claim 1 provides a corresponding method. Further preferred embodiments are listed in the dependent claims. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a device and a product.
• An idea of the present invention is to first prepare a section of a cladding element with an additive method, preferably with a melt layer method. Subsequently, the section of the enveloping element, in particular after it has largely or completely cured, filled with a filling material, in particular foamable or at least partially foamed filling material become.
• a filling material in particular foamable or at least partially foamed filling material.
• the method according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: producing at least one section of an enveloping element by an additive method and introducing a, in particular foamable or at least partially foamed, filling material, in particular one
• Foam material in the section of the enveloping element. It is preferred that the said steps are carried out in the order described.
• component means any type of body to be created.
• component is in particular to be equated with a "workpiece”, “component” or the like. Concrete examples of components, workpieces or components are furniture parts, floor panels, wall panels, kitchen countertops, etc ..
• foam material in the sense of the invention means a material which can either be foamed or is already present in the foamed / partially foamed state In the course of foaming, pores or air inclusions are introduced into the filler material so that a porous or foam-like structure is formed.
• the section of the enveloping element includes at least one opening for introducing the filling material.
• the enveloping element may include a bottom portion and one or more sidewall portions.
• the introduced filling material preferably fills the section of the enveloping element at least partially or completely. It is also possible to introduce so much filling material that this partially exits the opening of the enveloping element.
• the opening in the section of the enveloping element for introducing the filling material can subsequently be closed, and / or another section of the enveloping element, preferably to be filled with filling material, is created.
• the comparatively good adjustability of the properties of the filling material results in a significantly improved selection of the component density.
• the method described here allows the production of large-volume or very small components with high
• the printing time can be significantly reduced with the method according to the invention. Furthermore, it is possible to realize component fillings by adjusting the properties of the filling material in a relatively short time according to specific requirements.
• the printing time is no longer dependent on the component density and the filling pattern due to the use of the filling material.
• a certain filling pattern is no longer needed when the filling material expands within the filling element and thus completely fills the space to be filled.
• the component density is therefore in relation to the porosity of the filler material and to the material properties of the filler material, whereby the application time is not affected.
• the filler does not have to be melted. Also, the filler takes a relatively small proportion of the total weight of the component.
• the component density can be set very precisely. Furthermore, in the case of a foam material, the component density also depends on the degree of foaming and on the porosity of the foam, which can likewise be influenced.
• the additive process is a melt layer process.
• a thermoplastic material for forming the Hüllelements which forms a shell for the subsequently introduced filler, are applied in layers.
• the filler material is a polyurethane filler, in particular a 2-component polyurethane filler. This can expand, for example, after or during the introduction into the enveloping element and thus fill the enveloping element.
• the filling material may be a wood foam, aluminum foam or a plastic foam.
• an exposed region of the filling material can be processed with an erosive method in order to produce a flat surface. This additional surface could be printed or some other material applied.
• foaming of the filling material takes place prior to introduction, during introduction or after the introduction of the filling material, in particular by adding a propellant gas, for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide, or by admixing a foaming agent.
• a propellant gas for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide
• foaming agent for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide
• the filling material is foamed prior to introduction, then it reaches the enveloping element in the foamed state. If foaming takes place during introduction, then the filling material is present in an at least partially foamed state, wherein the filling material in the enveloping element is optionally further foamed or foamed. Foaming after introduction of the filling material means that the filling material is introduced in a liquid or pasty state into the enveloping element and is foamed or foamed in the latter.
• a propellant gas changes in temperature from a solid / liquid state to a gaseous state.
• said propellant may be added in cryogenic form or as a cryogen, such as in the form of liquid nitrogen or dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide). If, for example, more propellant gas is added, immediately larger pores are obtained and vice versa. The handling is comparatively simple accordingly. Furthermore, the relationship between action and reaction can be adjusted advantageously.
• a foaming agent can trigger the foaming effect, for example, as a function of temperature. This can be achieved for example by heating element on the nozzle of the Schaumaustragsvorraum.
• the filler material is mixed from two components, wherein the two components have an intumescent effect for foaming the
• the foaming effect unfolds, for example, by the reaction of the two components with each other.
• a reaction product of said reaction in the application material to induce a foaming process.
• a gas such as carbon dioxide can be released to achieve the foaming effect.
• the use of a 2-component foam has the advantage that the foaming is well controllable and thus the pore size can be adjusted.
• the enveloping element can be provided with a coating or a decorative element (such as a real wood veneer, a plastic strip, etc.) and / or printed.
• a coating or a decorative element such as a real wood veneer, a plastic strip, etc.
• the present invention relates to a device for producing a component, comprising: a first device, in particular a printing device, for creating at least a portion of an enveloping element an additive method, a second device, in particular Schaumaustragsvoriques, wherein the second device is adapted to deploy a foamable or at least partially foamed filling material and to introduce into the portion of the Hüllelements.
• the combination of the first device for creating a Hüllelements and second device for filling the Hüllelements a production of a component can be significantly accelerated. Furthermore, components can be created as needed. For further advantages, reference is made to the above explanations.
• the first device in particular the pressure device, and the second device,
• Schaumaustragsvoriques to a support, in particular boom or portal, are mounted, in particular on a movable carriage along the carrier.
• a compact design can be realized.
• the first device comprises an extruder which is adapted to heat and dispose a granulate or a wire-shaped material.
• the sheath element can be created in a melt layer process.
• the device may further comprise a machining unit for machining, in particular a milling unit, a drilling unit or a grinding unit.
• a processing unit with the first device (printing device) and / or the second device (Schaumaustragsvoriques) on a support, in particular boom or portal is mounted, more preferably on a carriage movable along the carrier.
• the device is set up to carry out a method according to one of the above aspects.
• the method according to further variants is intended to work using a device according to one of the said aspects.
• the present invention further relates to a component, in particular a piece of furniture, such as a kitchen worktop, a furniture front, a shelf, a floor covering, counter, or the like, comprising: at least one envelope of a first material, the at least a portion of an outer surface of the product forms, and a filling material, which is disposed within the at least one enveloping element and this fills, wherein the at least one enveloping element by an additive method, in particular a melt layer method is prepared.
• a component in particular a piece of furniture, such as a kitchen worktop, a furniture front, a shelf, a floor covering, counter, or the like, comprising: at least one envelope of a first material, the at least a portion of an outer surface of the product forms, and a filling material, which is disposed within the at least one enveloping element and this fills, wherein the at least one enveloping element by an additive method, in particular a melt layer method is prepared.
• the alternative method may comprise the following steps:
• a method of manufacturing a component comprising the steps of providing at least a portion of a cladding element of the component by an abrasive method, in particular by milling, and introducing a filler into the portion of the cladding element.
• a component comprising at least one sheath member forming at least a portion of an outer surface of the product, and a filler material disposed within the at least one a Hüllelements is arranged and this fills, wherein in a recess in the filler material, a further material, in particular plastic material, is introduced, in particular for forming a bearing.
• Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a
• Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a
• Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a method sequence according to the invention.
• an enveloping element 10 is produced (printed) by means of a melt layer method.
• an appropriate material in particular thermoplastic material, is melted in an extruder and forced through a nozzle of the printing device 1.
• a foam material 20 as an example of a filler introduced into the enveloping element 10.
• the enveloping element 10 is substantially completely filled.
• the foam material 20 may be, for example, a reactive foam, such as a PU foam, which to a certain extent is injected into the enveloping element 10 and expands there. In the course of curing of the foam material 20, this also connects to the inside of the enveloping element 10th
• a milling unit 3 is used, with which the protruding foam material 20 is milled and thus a flat surface of the foam material 20 is achieved.
• the milling unit 3 can be a 3-axis milling unit, 4-axis milling unit or a 5-axis milling unit.
• an intermediate product is present in method step S4, in which the lateral regions and the underside of the intermediate product are essentially formed by the sheath element 10 and the upper side of the intermediate product by the smoothed or milled foam material 20.
• the process step S4 may include the purification of the intermediate product.
• a section of the milled foam material is now printed by means of the printing device 1 in the melt layer process.
• a planar surface is created as part of the enveloping element 10 in sections.
• a further outer contour is printed, and thus the envelope element 10 is effectively expanded.
• the outer contour created in the method step defines a cavity. After the exterior of extended envelope member 10 has been created, the created cavity is filled with foam
• the still exposed section of the foam material is printed with the printing device and thus the enveloping element is closed (method steps S9, S10).
• a cleaning can be carried out after the method step 8.
• the component density can be controlled by the foaming behavior or porosity of the foam material 20 used.
• porosity can be adjusted with high accuracy. This is especially true for 2K PU foams, e.g. by the mixing ratio of the two components.
• the present method can be used, for example, in the creation of furniture parts, for example.
• the foam material is introduced in the vertical direction from above into the enveloping element 10, it is also possible to introduce the foam material laterally into an opening in the enveloping element.
• Method step AI a section of an enveloping element 10 is created.
• Method step AI could correspond to method step S1 according to FIG.
• the foam material 20 is introduced into the enveloping element 10 in a process step (not shown in FIG. 2) and subsequently a flat surface is produced by means of a milling tool.
• the enveloping element 10 with the foam material 20 is now in the form shown in step A2.
• an annular portion 25 is removed by means of a removing process. For example, a drill or cutter is used for this purpose, which are particularly suitable for this purpose. Centered to the annular portion 25 remains a pin-shaped body 26 of the foam material 20 (step A3).
• the annular portion 25 is filled with a plastic material 30 (step A4).
• the plastic material 30 may, for example, be introduced into the annular portion 25 in liquid or pasty form.
• step A5 the pin-shaped body 26 made of foam material 20 is now removed by means of a drill / milling cutter.
• Plastic material 30 from a body through which a pin 40 can be inserted in a further method step A6.
• the pen 40 is to be considered only as an example.
• a wave could also be introduced into the plastic body 30.
• a plastic material may be used which has properties of a sliding bearing.
• annular portion 25 is shown, in which the plastic material 30 is filled.
• the annular portion 25 could also be formed as a square section, oval section, etc. with or without a central opening.
• the aforementioned alternatives can be carried out.
• the configuration of the enveloping element 10 can be arbitrarily complex after the enveloping element 10 is produced by means of an additive process.
• a foam material is described as filling material which is foamed prior to introduction, during introduction or after introduction into the section of the enveloping element 10, other filling materials are also conceivable within the scope of the invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (6)

• 2016
  • 2016-11-17 DE DE102016122131.7A patent/DE102016122131A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-11-16 CN CN201780071194.6A patent/CN110023055A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-11-16 EP EP17800828.0A patent/EP3541605A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-11-16 WO PCT/EP2017/079436 patent/WO2018091581A1/de unknown
  • 2017-11-16 US US16/461,783 patent/US20190322039A1/en not_active Abandoned

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