EP3527928A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'élimination d'un matériel militaire non explosé sous l'eau - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé d'élimination d'un matériel militaire non explosé sous l'eau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3527928A1 EP3527928A1 EP19158392.1A EP19158392A EP3527928A1 EP 3527928 A1 EP3527928 A1 EP 3527928A1 EP 19158392 A EP19158392 A EP 19158392A EP 3527928 A1 EP3527928 A1 EP 3527928A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- buoy
- ordnance
- rov
- shock tube
- explosive charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for removing an unexploded ordnance that is underwater.
- unexploded ordnance UXO for short, e.g. Aviation bombs, grenades of large caliber, torpedoes, sea mines, depth charges or other rifles understood.
- the explosive ordnance device comprises in addition to an explosive charge with an igniter and means for activating the detonator detachable from the ordnance and then to the water surface rising radio buoy, which is connected via a line with the explosive charge.
- the weaponry removal device also has a holding device for securing a correct position on the UXO, which may be in the form of an electromagnet, a vacuum device and / or a clamping device.
- the present invention aims to develop a known device in order to make even a corresponding method even more efficient by opening up further cost and efficiency potentials with increased safety and simplified handling.
- the ordnance disposal device comprises means by which the buoy is detachable by the ROV of the ordnance disposal device, said device comprises in the region of the frame a resiliently secured locking element, in particular in the form of a spring connector which is deductible by the ROV.
- the safe triggering of the buoy of the ordnance clearance device has been solved as a known problem so that according to the invention in a very advantageous manner.
- Spring plugs are known in various designs as a resiliently secured locking element made of metal or plastic and are characterized even under the very harsh conditions at sea at low price as mechanically durable and reliable detachable passive fasteners.
- a method provides a solution to the above object, wherein the method of transporting and positioning a warfare clearing apparatus by a diving robot or ROV using a frame with the explosive charge on the ordnance (UXO), the activation of a triggering device for releasing a fixation between a buoy and the scope of the ordnance clearing device by removing a resiliently secured locking element in particular in the form of a spring connector in the region of the frame by the immersion robot comprises.
- a solution according to the invention thus has the advantage of a simple design of the buoy, which now essentially represents only a buoyant body and does not comprise any electrical functional parts.
- the invention is u.a. the recognition that the harsh environmental conditions at sea by aggressive moisture especially of sea water under dynamic stress only comparatively simple compounds at low price and without additional technical effort on the part of lost by the subsequent demolition of components permanently reliable.
- the spring connector for releasing the buoy is connected to the ROV, in particular via a loop. After completing the positioning of the ordnance disposal device on the UXO this can therefore be easily discontinued, the ROV when leaving the ordnance disposal device automatically actuates the means for releasing the buoy without further maneuvers and / or searching and gripping the spring connector.
- the buoy is connected via a shock tube as a conduit with an igniter in the explosive charge of the ordnance disposal device, the buoy carries an additional portion of the shock tube.
- a length of this additional section of the shock tube is preferably dimensioned such that in this way a predetermined minimum distance between an ignitor and a triggering demolition master and the buoy at the water surface is established.
- the additional section of the shock tube is temporarily stored on the buoy on a means.
- the means is formed in a preferred embodiment of the invention as a buoy-releasable coil on which the additional portion of the shock tube is wound.
- the buoy carries an antenna which is connected via an antenna line to a radio ignition device on the explosive charge.
- the buoy itself thus remains a purely passive component, a conversion of a coded radio signal takes place only in the connected via the antenna line radio-ignition device for triggering the explosive charge.
- Potentially dangerous and / or safety-relevant components are displaced into an area of the detonators and destroyed in the course of the demolition.
- the buoy for positional fixation is purely as a mark and warning signs on the water surface connected by a line with the ordnance disposal device and the explosive charge is separated from it via a 100m long shock tube with an underwater transponder connected to Positioning of the ordnance clearance apparatus for deployment by the ROV outside of a defined area around the UXO is formed on the surface of the seabed and for firing via an underwater transmitter of a control and supply ship.
- the said defined area around the UXO may be e.g. be defined by a bubble curtain as protection of the environment from the acoustic effects of a blast.
- the ordnance disposal device on its frame on a device through which the buoy after removal a spring connector by the ROV of the ordnance disposal device is solvable to ascend freely to the water surface can.
- this device comprises a vibration-proof and automatically locking means in the form of a spring connector.
- the frame preferably comprises a base plate with recesses, a free end of the gripping element or another part connected to the buoy being guided through a centrally arranged recess of the base plate and the spring connector being releasably fixed in a receptacle then lying beyond the bottom plate.
- the spring connector is advantageously directly or indirectly distracted by a loop on the spring connector loop by a gripper of the ROV or fixed to the ROV.
- the ordnance disposal device comprises a frame as a platform for a receptacle for the explosive, a receptacle for the buoy and a handle for transport and positioning by a gripper of the ROV.
- This frame forms a compact component, which is preferably made of steel as a welded construction. The bulk of the debris removal equipment will suffice with the underwater weight without any additional fixative for safe positioning on the UXO.
- this frame forms a basis for a modular system which, depending on the national blasting regulations, but also weather-related peculiarities of a particular application, can be fitted alternatively, as described below with reference to alternative embodiments.
- FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of a ordnance clearing device 1 with an installation and triggering direction of a buoy 2 described below in more detail.
- the buoy 2 is connected via a non-electric ignition line in the form of a shock tube 3 with an igniter not shown in an explosive charge 4 of the ordnance clearing device 1 connected.
- the ordnance clearance device 1 comprises a frame 5, which has a platform for fixing the explosive 4 with associated ignition means, a receptacle 6 for the buoy 2 and the shock tube 3 not shown here, and a handle 7 for transport and positioning by a Gripper of a submersible robot ROV includes.
- the ordnance disposal device 1 has a sufficient dead weight to stably maintain position and location in the area of a destroying weapon UXO, as established by the ROV, on a surface of the seabed BO.
- the buoy 2 Upon completion of these positioning steps and the removal of the ROV, the buoy 2 is released from the receptacle 6 of the ordnance clearing device 1 and rises to the water surface, as in FIG. 1 indicated by the dotted arrow.
- an essential task of the buoy 2 is to warn as a highly visible marker of the danger spot to any third party in the vicinity of an impending explosion below the surface of the water.
- the ordnance clearing device 1 has a low flow attack surface, so that the ordnance clearance device holds lech stable at a medium flow over ground position and location.
- two perforated plates 8, 9 each as Shooting provided for the fixation of the explosive 4 and the associated ignition means or detonator with associated supply lines.
- the sheets 8, 9 are welded to stabilize each with the frame 5 and the receptacle 6.
- the explosive 4 is fixed through the indicated holes by means of conventional plastic cable ties.
- the shock tube 3 On the plate 9 are connections of the shock tube 3 with not shown leads for at least one detonator in the explosive 4 also fixed in an easily producible manner by cable ties.
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the frame 5 of the ordnance clearing device 1 of FIG. 1
- This frame 5 is designed as a welded steel construction and constructed so that it is quickly flooded when immersed in water.
- the receptacle 6 designed as a double cylinder has a bottom plate 11 perforated by numerous recesses 10 for the buoy 2.
- a portion of the shock tube 3 with a length L is stored freely abspulbar during assembly of the ordnance clearance device 1.
- This section connects the ordnance clearing device 1 and its explosive charge 4 fixed thereto by cable ties via detonator with the buoy 2.
- a strain relief in the form of a nylon rope is guided parallel to the shock tube 3 and connected with this at intervals of about 2 m, preferably by means of non-tempered bonds, in particular using a seawater-resistant assembly adhesive tape.
- This strain relief is on the one hand to the frame 5, for example in the region of the receptacle 6 and on the other hand fixed to the buoy 2, for example by tensile knotting the respective ends.
- a second portion of the shock tube 3 is arranged with a length 1 within the inner cylinder 12 so that it rises after activating a not visible triggering device 14 with the buoy 2 together to the water surface WO.
- a recess A on the inner cylinder 12 allows safe passage of the shock tube 3 with strain relief from the outer cylinder 13 to a fixation of the shock tube 3 to the buoy 2, as best in the figures of FIGS. 4 and 5 can be seen.
- Further measures for strain relief of the shock tube 3 are known in the art, for example in the form of free loops and are additionally used if necessary to limit a tensile force on the shock tube 3. The further procedure is described below with reference to the figure of FIG. 6 described.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the frame 5 of the ordnance clearing device 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with an intimation of a buoy 2 inserted and fixed therein.
- This view shows the compact structure of the frame 5 with the above said functional elements.
- a cutout below the receptacle 6 shows a part of the triggering device 14 with one of the recesses 10 in the bottom plate 11 to which a resiliently secured locking latch fixes the buoy 2 in the receptacle 6, see also below FIGS. 4 and 5 with description.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective top view of a basic kit of the device 1 according to the preceding figures, ie without shock tube 3, detonator and explosive 4.
- the gripping element 15 has at the free end E a plurality of through holes, of which a first is occupied by a bolt 17 for securing the buoy 2 on the gripping element 15, wherein the bolt 17 has an eyelet 17a for fixing the strain relief of the shock tube 3 , Subsequently, a coil 16 is pushed onto the free end E and secured by a spring clip 18 on the handle member 15.
- the free end E of the gripping element 15 is guided by a centrally or centrally disposed of the recesses 10 of the bottom plate 11. Beyond a through hole as a receptacle for the spring clip 18, the free end E of the handle member 15 runs in a last through hole 19 as a receptacle for a spring pin 20 as an example of a commercially available, resiliently secured against dynamic loads locking bolt out.
- This receptacle 19 is after passing through the free end E of the handle member 15 through a recess 10 beyond the bottom plate 11.
- the spring connector 20 is designed to peel off by a gripper of the ROV and forms with receptacle 19 at the free end E of the handle member 15 and the perforated bottom plate 11, the essential part of the triggering device 14.
- the spring connector 20 is additionally connected to a loop 20a. If this loop 20a is fixed to the ROV, then the spring pin 20 is automatically withdrawn after positioning the ordnance clearing device 1 upon removal of the ROV. Additional search and positioning maneuvers of the ROV and / or a gripper of the ROV after the spring plug 20 are thus avoided while saving energy and process time.
- the fixation of the buoy 2 to the bottom plate 11 of the frame 5 is always securely released, and the buoy 2 then rises substantially perpendicular to the water surface WO when the ROV is substantially horizontally removed from the warfare agent clearing device 1. This rule out that the ROV can get caught in the shock tube 3 or damage it.
- FIG. 3 shows a vote of the inner diameter D of the outer cylinder 13 to a maximum diameter of the buoy 2 and the inner diameter d of the inner cylinder 12 on the spool 16 as an effective means for facilitating an assembly of the triggering device 14.
- the buoy 2 and the coil 16 with the relevant cylinders 12, 13 two guides, by the free end E is aligned in alignment with the recess 10 in the bottom plate 11.
- a spring pin 20 is therefore very easy to use at the free end E.
- This safe, fast and easy to carry out assembly is also feasible when using the following described alternative types of buoy 2.
- FIG. 5 shows a side view of the buoy 2 with attached coil roller 16.
- the buoy 2 Since the buoy 2 is a known from the fishery ago stand element, as it is used, inter alia, as a float on nets, this buoy 2 along a central axis a continuous recess on. Through this recess of the buoy 2 through the T-shaped handle member 15 is inserted from stainless steel, which is secured by the bolt 17 against displacement on the buoy 2. Beyond a receptacle for this bolt 17, the grip element 15 is extended so that the coil 16 can be placed on it and secured by a spring clip 18. Thus, the coil 16 by releasing the spring clip 18 by hand from the T-shaped handle member 15 can be removed.
- FIG. 6 is a sketch showing a flow of a method for UXO removal using the ordnance clearing apparatus 1 FIG. 1 , After the detected weapon UXO has been released for detonation, equipped with an explosive charge 4, not shown detonators and Shock-tube 3 completed ordnance clearing device 1 is positioned by an ROV under video surveillance on the ordnance UXO. After determining a correct position of the ordnance clearing device 1, the locking bar 20 is withdrawn by a gripping arm of the ROV, or when fixing a pull cord on the spring pin 20 via a loop 20a oää. the locking bar 20 of the trigger device 14 is automatically after discontinuation of the ordnance clearing device 1 and the release of the ROV operated and subtracted.
- the buoy 2 rises to the water surface WO, whereby a possibly prevailing ocean current MS can cause a slight drift in relation to the position of the UXO on the seabed BO.
- the ROV moves along the dashed arrow in a direction substantially perpendicular to that of the shock tube 3 ascending to the buoy 2. Any entrapment of the ROV in the shock tube 3 is thus excluded as far as possible.
- the ROV drives to a control and supply vessel 21 back to the intake from the water and is therefore indicated only in dashed lines.
- the buoy 2 glowing in a signal color can be quickly seen after surfacing and can easily be picked up from the water via the T-shaped grip element 15 in order to remove the bobbin 16 from the buoy 2 after release of the spring clip 18.
- the buoy 2 then remains in the water, while the wound up on the coil 16 portion of the shock tube 3 is unwound with the length of 1.
- a blasting master in a boat 22 moves away from the buoy 2 by a distance substantially corresponding to the length 1.
- the buoy 2 is connected via the shock tube 3 on the one hand with an igniter of the explosive charge 4 near the UXO and on the other hand with means for activating the detonator by a demolition master.
- the first section of the length L of the shock tube 3 bridges at least one given in an application and exactly known depth of water T, which is in a range of ⁇ 50 m to about 200 m.
- the second section of the shock tube 3 with the length 1 gives a predetermined minimum safety distance of the demolisher to the buoy 2 of about 200 m.
- S a further safety distance S of 1,000 m to 1,500 m, the control and supply vessel 21 is removed from the boat 22 until the completion of the detonation. This ensures that all safety distances specified here are adhered to and that detonation can be carried out safely.
- the above-described basic kit of the ordnance clearing device 1 can be separated under the above-outlined captive and seawater pre-assembly of all items and free of any kind of explosives on board a supply vessel 21 and stored at relatively low safety standards, as of the individual explosives themselves before assembly only a very small danger emanates.
- this basic kit is then equipped with a specific explosive charge 4, at least one detonator and at least one shock tube 3 at a time of use for the underwater disposal of an unexploded ordnance UXO.
- this kit can also be adapted to the respective conditions of use, in that in each case other types of buoy 2 are used for the modification of a respective control for triggering the explosive charge 4.
- FIGS. 7a and 7b show side views of the former alternative of a buoy 2 with a mast 23 and an antenna 24 fixed thereto above.
- Figure 7a represents in an installed position, in which this design of the buoy 2 is fixed via a free end E of the mast 23 by the spring connector 20 of the triggering device 14 to the only indicated area of the frame 6.
- this structure is a longitudinally displaceable in the buoy 2 Rod 25 supplemented at one end of a counterweight 26 is fixed for stabilizing the position of the antenna 24.
- this structure is a longitudinally displaceable in the buoy 2 Rod 25 supplemented at one end of a counterweight 26 is fixed for stabilizing the position of the antenna 24.
- this buoy 2 forms a support for a mounted between the outer cylinder 13 and inner cylinder 12 and freely removable by the buoy 2 antenna line 27.
- this buoy 2 For a fixation of the mast 23 to the buoy 2, but also as an end stop on the slidable rod 25 further spring connector 20 for a safe, fast and inexpensive assembly of the rods 23, 25 made of plastic or aluminum used.
- only commercially available components are used, which meet the known requirements for durability of the described buoy 2 in their short use time at sea.
- FIG. 7b shows the buoy 2 ascending to the water surface WO, the antenna 24 now being held on the mast 23 via the counterweight 16 on the rod 25 displaced to an end position in an upright position at a predetermined height above the water surface WO.
- the antenna line 27 extends from the antenna 24 above the water surface WO up to a radio ignition device 28 on the receptacle 6 near the UXO at the seabed BO.
- FIG. 8 shows a sketch analog FIG. 6 depicting an alternative method for UXO removal using an expanded ordnance clearing device with the in FIG. 7b
- the radio ignition device 28 is activated via the antenna line 27 and ignites the explosive charge 4 to destroy the UXO.
- all the above-mentioned and partly safety-relevant components of the explosive ordnance disposal device 1 are safely destroyed on the seabed BO.
- At the water surface WO may possibly only the modified buoy. 2 but do not pose any danger to the environment.
- FIG. 9 shows a sketch analogous to the FIGS. 6 and 8th another alternative method for UXO removal.
- the buoy 2 rises purely to the mark and warning of a pending demolition on the water surface WO.
- the buoy is connected to fix the position on the water surface WO against further drift by a line 3a with the ordnance clearance device 1.
- the explosive charge 4 is connected, for example via an approximately 100m long shock tube 3 with an underwater transponder 29, which is placed after positioning the ordnance disposal device 1 by the ROV outside of an area with about 90m radius around the UXO at the bottom of the sea.
- the ignition of the shock tube 3 is triggered from there via an underwater transmitter 30 to the underwater transponder 29, which can also run through a ring-shaped bubble curtain 31 without interference here is intended as acoustic protection of wildlife around the UXO.
- the closed bubble curtain 31 This applies in particular to acoustic signals which would be damped or interrupted too much by the bubble curtain 31.
- the buoy 2 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is usually lost in high sea state, the underwater transponder 29 can be recovered easily by the ROV. After a test and reassembly with a shock tube 3, the underwater transponder 29 can be reused with the entire safety-relevant electronics.
- FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of an additionally usable safety device in the form of an igniter transport device 32.
- an igniter 33 is mounted in a tube 34 slidably against a prestressed spring 35. This prestressed device is fixed between two spring plugs 20.
- At least one igniter transport device 32 is fixed to complete the packaging of the ordnance disposal device 1 on board the control and supply ship 21, here secured with the additional use of a molded onto the pipe 34 latch 36.
- Located on the igniter 34 Spring clip 20 is connected by a leash 37 to the buoy 2.
- the buoy 2 When rising the buoy after triggering of the triggering device 14 by the ROV of the spring pin 20 is pulled out of the tube 33 through the line 37.
- the spring 35 presses the detonator 34 connected to the shock tube 3 into the explosive charge 4. Only in this way is the explosive ordnance disposal device 1 switched on and can then be ignited via the shock tube 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL19158392T PL3527928T3 (pl) | 2018-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Urządzenie i sposób usuwania niewybuchów ładunków wybuchowych zanurzonych pod wodą |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018103753.8A DE102018103753B4 (de) | 2018-02-20 | 2018-02-20 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beseitigung eines nicht explo-dierten Kampfmittels unter Wasser |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3527928A1 true EP3527928A1 (fr) | 2019-08-21 |
EP3527928B1 EP3527928B1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 |
Family
ID=65529444
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19158392.1A Active EP3527928B1 (fr) | 2018-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Dispositif et procédé d'élimination d'un matériel militaire non explosé sous l'eau |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3527928B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102018103753B4 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK3527928T3 (fr) |
LT (1) | LT3527928T (fr) |
PL (1) | PL3527928T3 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112213357A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种可在大型水域开展水下爆炸毁伤试验的浮体平台 |
US20220098529A1 (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-03-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Automatic dishwashing cleaning composition |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022125485B3 (de) | 2022-10-04 | 2023-05-11 | Heinrich Hirdes Gmbh | Sprengverfahren und Sprengvorrichtung zur Beseitigung eines nicht explodierten Kampfmittels |
Citations (4)
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WO2009059881A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Procédé d'exploration d'une zone maritime |
EP2415660A1 (fr) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-08 | ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH | Appareil de stockage de moyens de combat pour stocker des moyens de combat, comme des mines sous-marines, véhicule sous-marin non habité doté d'un tel appareil de stockage de moyens de combat et procédé associé |
US20150225049A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2015-08-13 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Apparatus and method for neutralizing underwater mines |
EP3007966A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-11 | 2016-04-20 | ATLAS Elektronik GmbH | Dispositif et procédé servant à neutraliser des moyens de combat |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2722164B1 (fr) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-09-13 | Eca | Procede perfectionne de destruction d'un objet sous-marin, notamment d'une mine immergee |
GB2483861C (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2019-01-30 | Ecs Special Projects Ltd | Attachment device and assemblies and systems using same |
AU2015416242B2 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2019-01-03 | Mas Zengrange (Nz) Limited | Maritime floatation device |
-
2018
- 2018-02-20 DE DE102018103753.8A patent/DE102018103753B4/de active Active
-
2019
- 2019-02-20 DK DK19158392.1T patent/DK3527928T3/da active
- 2019-02-20 EP EP19158392.1A patent/EP3527928B1/fr active Active
- 2019-02-20 LT LTEP19158392.1T patent/LT3527928T/lt unknown
- 2019-02-20 PL PL19158392T patent/PL3527928T3/pl unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009059881A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Procédé d'exploration d'une zone maritime |
EP2415660A1 (fr) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-08 | ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH | Appareil de stockage de moyens de combat pour stocker des moyens de combat, comme des mines sous-marines, véhicule sous-marin non habité doté d'un tel appareil de stockage de moyens de combat et procédé associé |
US20150225049A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2015-08-13 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Apparatus and method for neutralizing underwater mines |
EP3007966A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-11 | 2016-04-20 | ATLAS Elektronik GmbH | Dispositif et procédé servant à neutraliser des moyens de combat |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112213357A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种可在大型水域开展水下爆炸毁伤试验的浮体平台 |
CN112213357B (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2023-05-30 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种可在大型水域开展水下爆炸毁伤试验的浮体平台 |
US20220098529A1 (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-03-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Automatic dishwashing cleaning composition |
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DE102018103753A1 (de) | 2019-08-22 |
EP3527928B1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 |
PL3527928T3 (pl) | 2021-05-17 |
DE102018103753B4 (de) | 2022-06-30 |
DK3527928T3 (da) | 2020-12-14 |
LT3527928T (lt) | 2020-12-28 |
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