EP3479977A1 - Procédé de fabrication de composants muraux pour bâtiments - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de composants muraux pour bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3479977A1
EP3479977A1 EP18204556.7A EP18204556A EP3479977A1 EP 3479977 A1 EP3479977 A1 EP 3479977A1 EP 18204556 A EP18204556 A EP 18204556A EP 3479977 A1 EP3479977 A1 EP 3479977A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
plates
carpet
cross
room
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18204556.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3479977B1 (fr
EP3479977C0 (fr
Inventor
Mattheo Johannes Binder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Binder Beteiligungs AG
Original Assignee
Binder Beteiligungs AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Binder Beteiligungs AG filed Critical Binder Beteiligungs AG
Publication of EP3479977A1 publication Critical patent/EP3479977A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3479977B1 publication Critical patent/EP3479977B1/fr
Publication of EP3479977C0 publication Critical patent/EP3479977C0/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/02—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only
    • B27B5/06—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only for dividing plates in parts of determined size, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D9/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of wood or substitutes therefor
    • B65D9/32—Details of wooden walls; Connections between walls
    • B65D9/34—Joints; Local reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34838—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2103/00—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like
    • E04B2103/04—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like of plastics, fibrous material or wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overall concept for the construction of buildings in system construction, preferably of multi-storey buildings designed for permanent residence.
  • the concept includes a space cell for use in constructing buildings in system construction, as well as a method of making wall components for buildings.
  • the concept of the present invention is based on the use of prefabricated wall parts and room cells made of wood and preferably cross-laminated timber, wherein in the space cells wet cells and risers for all types of required lines (water, air, electricity, signal, etc.) are integrated. It provides that the wall parts and room cells are manufactured on an industrial scale from a large number of identical wooden components, whereby a high degree of customizability is given by a special type of production.
  • Room cells for the manufacture of buildings are known in the art. They are mainly used in the manufacture of temporary buildings and hotels, where they represent separate areas.
  • the room cells are integrated as part of a larger unit in a floor of a multi-storey building, for example residential building. Furthermore, a plurality of room cells are to be stacked and the entire or at least a substantial part of the installations of the building is to run within the stacked room cells.
  • This area of application and the associated boundary conditions place high demands on the stability of the room cell, the possibilities of cable routing as well as the sound and fire protection. These requirements can be borne insufficient account with known concepts.
  • the invention relates to a space cell for use in the construction of buildings in modular construction, wherein the space cell has a cuboid basic shape and outer walls, a floor and a ceiling, wherein the structural components of some, and preferably all exterior walls are cross-laminated boards wherein the room cell includes a utility area and at least two separate risers, both risers passing through the space cell from bottom to top and each enclosed between at least one exterior wall and at least one well wall.
  • the industrial production of large wall components typically comprises the connection of several smaller panels along common side edges. If window or door openings are to be worked into the wall components, these are usually cut out or milled out.
  • a partial aspect of the invention is therefore concerned with a method for the production of wall components, for example for room cells, which overcomes these disadvantages of known methods.
  • the invention relates to a method for the production of wall components for buildings, wherein wood panels of a certain width and length are kept in a magazine and wherein the panels are sawed transversely to the longitudinal direction to obtain wood panels of the same width and shorter length wherein a plurality of panels are placed on a conveyor track transversely to the direction of travel, in such a way that the panels are flush top and bottom and the side edges of successive panels touch each other, the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a wood carpet, and wherein the carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the conveyor track to obtain wood panels of a defined width.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a space cell for use in the construction of buildings in system construction, wherein the space cell has a rectangular basic shape and outer walls, a floor and a ceiling, wherein the structural components of some, and preferably all outer walls are cross-laminated board, and wherein the room cell includes a utility area and at least two separate risers, both risers passing through the space cell from bottom to top and each enclosed between at least one exterior wall and at least one well wall.
  • the shaft walls may include or consist of cross laminated timber.
  • the buildings are multi-storey buildings designed for permanent residence.
  • the floor plan of the room cell is preferably rectangular and the room cell preferably comprises four outer walls. Preferably, at least two and more preferably all outer walls are load-bearing. Unlike one self-supporting wall, which carries only its own weight and is not statically loaded by other components, is a load-bearing wall through other parts of the building, for example, placed on the room cell more space cell statically resilient and designed to carry this load. For example, it may be provided that the box is designed to carry its own weight at least five times, and preferably at least eight times, so that it is possible to stack, for example, eight or even more than eight boxes in an eight-storey or multi-storey building.
  • the space cell is preferably closed all around, i. preferably comprises four side walls. Even with the load-bearing components of the floor and / or ceiling of the room cell may be cross-laminated board panels. Cross laminated timber is very stiff and stable. It is well suited as a load-bearing building material. The building material wood is environmentally friendly and renewable. It is comparatively inexpensive, durable and in demand as a building material for customers. It can be provided that the walls are made entirely of cross-laminated board, which can be coated or cladding on one side or on both sides at least part of the area. The same applies to the ceiling and / or floor. The outer walls may have openings for example doors.
  • Floor and ceiling comprise openings in the area of the riser shafts, so that they can be opened upwards or downwards or can be opened, provided the opening is closed.
  • the shaft is completely enclosed laterally over the entire height of the space cell by the shaft walls and the outer walls, so that openings are provided for connection to corresponding shafts of the underlying and overlying floor only at the upper and lower end of the shaft.
  • the shaft walls and / or the ascending shafts of the outer walls are insulated.
  • the shaft walls and / or the riser-limiting areas of the outer walls have a full-surface fire protection clothing.
  • the protective effect of the respective walls can be increased against fire spread between the risers and the useful area of the room cell or the areas outside the room cell.
  • fire protection clothing for example, one or more gypsum board come into question. It can be provided that the fire protection is ensured for vertical penetrations by means of tested fire protection elements / measures.
  • the at least two riser shafts are arranged along the inside of one and optionally the same outer wall, wherein it is preferably provided that the riser or shafts are arranged in a technical room, which is separated from the working area by means of an intermediate wall.
  • the shaft walls on the one hand and the intermediate wall on the other hand are preferably separate components.
  • the intermediate wall can be a plasterboard. It can also be made from several plasterboard become.
  • the shaft walls, like the outer walls, can essentially be formed of cross-laminated board panels.
  • the riser shafts fill only a part of the technical room and that an installation area is formed in the technical room between the riser shafts and / or between at least one riser shaft and the equipment room cladding.
  • the different risers and conduits which will be discussed in more detail below, can be diverted from the riser shafts in the installation area and then redistributed from there to any point in the useful space of the room cell or outside the room cell.
  • an installation niche for accommodating home stations and / or counting stations is provided in the intermediate wall.
  • the accessibility to this installation niche is preferably ensured by a maintenance opening with closure element, wherein the closure element is preferably designed so that it can be opened without tools.
  • a home station is installed in the installation niche, which centralized the domestic hot water and includes consumption meter for cold water, hot water and heating energy.
  • This home station is prepared in one embodiment for the heat transfer by means of convective heating surfaces (radiators) in the use units (residential units) and in another embodiment for the transfer of heat by means of surface heating.
  • a counting station for building-central water heating is installed in the stated installation niche, which includes the consumption meter for cold water, hot water and heating energy.
  • differential pressure control for hydraulic balancing of the primary heating supply network to be integrated.
  • the design of the differential pressure control allows standard dimensioning of the riser pipes for all heat transfer systems (convective heating surfaces, surface heating, etc.).
  • a plurality of riser ducts for receiving different liquids and gases, such as water pipes or ventilation ducts are mounted in one of the riser ducts.
  • the risers and conduits are distributed over the risers that all risers are included in a riser and all conduits in another riser, which may be required for safety reasons.
  • This embodiment ensures the local separation of fluids and electrical installations.
  • Both the riser pipes and the empty pipes can be designed as pipe sections which extend from bottom to top in the riser shaft.
  • Riser pipes can directly serve to guide fluids such as drinking water, sewage or exhaust air.
  • Conduits may be used to accommodate cables such as power cables or signal cables.
  • the empty tubes are fixed in the riser so that they can be moved vertically downwards from a defined starting position to an end position and / or that the empty tubes are sleeve tubes.
  • a method is provided in which first the space cell is placed on an underlying space cell, and in then the empty tubes of the current room cell moved down and put on the conduits of the lower room cell to form a continuous tube.
  • the empty tubing is connected in the shaft without tools by pushing down and then a continuous connection from the current floor is formed to the lowest floor.
  • Thebensoszuspeisonne (electricity, data, KTV, 7), as described in more detail below, are inserted without tools from top to bottom in this connection.
  • the space cell in that riser shaft in which the conduits are arranged, having a wiring with one or more cables the cables each have a free end and a bound end and wherein the bonded ends of the cable already on the room cell are connected.
  • the cables can already be connected to a likewise arranged in the room cell electric sub-distributor.
  • the electric sub-distributor can be installed in the room cell and ready wired.
  • the wiring comprises several individual cables, they can be combined to form a cable bundle.
  • the length of the cables can be chosen so that they extend beyond the underside of the room cell in any case.
  • the length of the cables may in one embodiment exceed the height of two, three or more room cells.
  • the length of the cables of a room cell can be chosen so that the cables from the floor of the building in which the relevant room cell is to be arranged to the lowest floor or Range of the building in which, for example, the meter main distributor can be located.
  • the long cables or the cable bundle can meander-shaped or otherwise wound in the riser.
  • a method for connecting consumers or an electric sub-distributor of the space cell to a supplier in which the free ends of the cables in the upper opening of an empty tube of the underlying space cell, which is optionally combined with the conduits of several underlying space cells to form a long tube, are introduced and guided entirely through this tube until the free ends emerge at the lower opening of this tube with predefined excess length.
  • a maintenance opening for example an EI90 maintenance opening, may be provided.
  • at least one concealed linear magnet pin is provided for locking this maintenance opening. This is preferably designed so that it can be brought into the open position only with a special jumper cable. This ensures that the shaft remains inaccessible to unauthorized persons.
  • the vertical fire protection at passages of cables through the shaft wall is preferably ensured by tested fire protection / measures such as fire protection collars.
  • the riser ducts and preferably the ventilation duct each have at least one branch, which leads out of the riser duct through the shaft wall or outer wall, wherein a silencer is preferably provided in or at the branch.
  • the turnoff is required for the individual supply of the respective use unit, for example residential unit.
  • the silencer serves to prevent or at least reduce the transmission of sound such as telephony sound among the individual use units.
  • the vertical fire protection at passages of ventilation ducts through the shaft wall is preferably also ensured by tested fire protection elements / measures such as fire dampers.
  • the room cell comprises exhaust air elements such as fans, intake openings and intake ducts.
  • the room cell can be connected to a demand-controlled exhaust air system. If the room cell has several rooms, exhaust air elements for one, several or all rooms can be provided.
  • a maintenance opening for example an EI90 maintenance opening, may also be provided on the shaft comprising the riser conduits in order to allow access to the empty conduits of the space cells or to the respective shaft.
  • the maintenance opening may be designed as described above in connection with the empty conduit shaft.
  • the load-bearing cross-laminated timber panels of the outer walls, the ceiling and / or the floor are at least partially covered and / or coated.
  • a cladding of the cross laminated timber panels of the outer walls is provided with plasterboard.
  • a plaster may be provided.
  • a bedding and / or a footfall sound insulation and / or a screed and / or a floor covering such as parquet or tiles or laminate are provided at the top of the cross-laminated board panels of the soil.
  • the board plywood panels of the ceiling are clad or coated on the underside at least part of the area.
  • panels are attached to the cross laminated board by means of a swing bracket.
  • the useful area is at least partially formed by a wet cell.
  • a wet cell in the broadest sense means a space in which water connections are present and in which at least the ground is waterproof.
  • it is a bathroom.
  • shower cabins, laundry, separate toilet rooms or storage rooms are also conceivable.
  • the bottom, and preferably also at least partial surfaces of the walls of the wet cell are waterproof coated or clad.
  • a waterproof floor covering made of plastic or with flow can be provided.
  • the inventory of the wet area is preinstalled in the room cell. Suitable inventory depends on the nature of the wet area and in the case of a bathroom may include, for example, a bath, a shower, a washbasin and / or a toilet. Also mirrors, mirror cabinets, accessories, furniture and the like can be pre-installed.
  • the connection of the installations of the wet cell is preferably carried out to a arranged in the technical room apartment station or counting station, which in turn is then connected to risers in the riser shaft of the room cell in connection or can be connected.
  • the interfaces for connecting separate consumers such as a washing machine are connected to the home station.
  • the useful area comprises only one room, ie is not subdivided into several rooms.
  • the useful area comprises at least two spaces, which are separated by partitions. At least one of the rooms or both rooms may be a wet cell.
  • the room cell may have two rooms, namely a bathroom and a separate toilet room, laundry or storage room.
  • the useful area of the room cell is barrier-free and designed for the disabled. The same applies to the additions to the working area.
  • the room cell comprises an electric sub-distributor.
  • This may be a distributor designed as a hybrid distributor which, in addition to electrical equipment such as, for example, residual current circuit breakers or automatic circuit breakers, also includes data and TV technology and / or space reservation for WLAN technology.
  • the electric sub-distributor can be fully wired and clamped, wherein the free ends of the supply cables, such as electrical power supply, data line and TV cable as described in detail above can lie in the respective shaft of the room cell.
  • the room cell comprises a floor heating distribution cabinet.
  • this is equipped with a heating system finished connected floor heating manifold. This can be ready connected to any underfloor heating of the room cell.
  • free cable ends and optionally cable sections of various connection cables such as connection cables for connecting consumers such as sockets, Lichauslässen, a stove or the like are included, for example, as a rolled-up cable bundle.
  • the underfloor heating cabinet may be in communication with the electrical subdistributor. In place of the underfloor heating distributor can in Hiezungsverteiler 2 only the space reserved for cable ends and Be provided cable sections, unless underfloor heating is provided.
  • the underfloor heating cabinet may be mounted at a level below the electric sub-distributor on the room cell.
  • installation connections are provided on the outside of the room cell.
  • the connection is preferably made to the arranged in the technical room apartment station or counting station.
  • Examples include supply and return pipes for building heating or pipes for connecting a kitchenette.
  • an outer wall of the room cell may be suitable for attaching a kitchenette to it in a building.
  • the entire electrical installation of the room cell is prepared so far that when building a building using the room cell from the lowest floor of the building to the consumers (sockets, switches, light outlets, ...) of each uppermost room cell all installations and electrical sub-distribution boards are pre-installed (installed, fixed and clamped). Cables for the primary (home supply) and secondary (consumer connections) supply from the electrical sub-distributor can be kept and laid connectionless to the destination.
  • connection lines for the supply of radiators in the use unit (housing unit) are provided on the outside of the room cell, which are preferably connected to the arranged in the technical room housing station or counting station.
  • the room cell comprises means for decentralized hot water preparation, both for hygienic drinking water heating and for drinking water heating by heating water in a continuous flow principle.
  • the cross laminated wood panels of the outer walls and also of other wall components of the room cell can be produced by means of a carpet method described herein.
  • the wall components of the room cell can be connected to the floor and / or ceiling of the cell by means of metallic connectors and / or gluing.
  • the risers are spatially separated, for example, fluids on the one hand and electrical media on the other hand. Even after stacking the room cells, they form their own EI90 fire compartment and comply with all common sound insulation requirements.
  • the manhole installations are designed so that up to five or up to eight or more than eight stacked space cells can be supplied with all required media as described above. This may include, for example, heating, cold water, hot water, waste water, ventilation, electricity, data, TV and a reserve for other media.
  • One and the same standardized shaft installation can also cover all requirements for variants such as low-temperature or surface heating, convective heating surfaces (radiators / radiators) as well as centralized or decentralized hot water preparation.
  • Devices for hydraulic adjustment of the heat supply, such as a differential pressure regulator are preferably integrated in the room cell. Therefore, in a building erected using the room cell, it is preferable not to take any further measures for hydraulic balancing outside the room cell. Sound transmissions such as telephony sound transmission between superimposed room cells can be counteracted for example by the installation of silencers.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary Jardinzelle invention in plan view.
  • Figures 2-4 show detailed views of the area around the technical room of the room cell in horizontal and vertical sectional views.
  • the room cell is generally designated by the reference numeral 100. It has a rectangular floor plan with four outer walls 101.
  • the outer walls 101 are made of load-bearing board plywood panels, which are at least partially coated and clad in a manner described in more detail below.
  • the room cell 100 is closed at the bottom and top with reference to a floor 102 and a ceiling 103.
  • the floor 102 and the ceiling 103 are made of load-bearing cross-laminated board, which are at least partially coated and clad in a manner described in more detail below.
  • the cross-plywood panels of the outer walls 101 may be manufactured by a method as described in more detail below, or, in particular if there are no window or door openings, comprise one or more large plywood panels.
  • the floor 102 and ceiling 103 may include one or more large plywood panels, but may also be manufactured using a method described in more detail below.
  • the space bounded by the outer walls 101 is divided into a working space 120 and a technical room 150.
  • the technical room 150 is separated from the working space 120 by a partition wall 104 made of plasterboard or cross-laminated timber.
  • a partition wall 104 made of plasterboard or cross-laminated timber.
  • the bottom 102 and the ceiling 103 include in the region of the risers 160 and 170 openings so that the risers 160 and 170, the room cell 100 can pass through from bottom to top.
  • the L-shaped wall elements 161 and 171 are also made of cross-laminated plywood panels which are coated in a manner described in more detail below.
  • At least one maintenance opening 107 with a closure element is provided in the intermediate wall 104 in order to be able to access from the utility space 120 tool-free at any time to a housing and counting station 107c arranged outside the useful space 120.
  • In the intermediate wall 104 and the shaft wall 161 and 171 further two maintenance openings 107a and 107b are provided with a magnetic closure element and linear magnetic locking bar to allow access only to trained personnel.
  • the utility room 120 is a wet room with pre-installed inventory 121 in the form of a shower, a wash basin and a toilet.
  • a bathtub could be pre-installed. All of these elements are arranged on the intermediate wall 104 or a sectionally extending on the working space 120 and provided with a lining 122 made of plasterboard outer wall 101 to lay lines not visible from the technical room 150 to the connections for the inventory 121 can.
  • a door opening 106 in a side wall 101 allows access into the work space 120.
  • the side wall 101 with the door opening 106 is not clad in the embodiment shown, but could also be clad.
  • the left riser 160 includes a plurality of risers 162 for, inter alia, for heating, cold water, hot water, circulation, sewage and exhaust air. From these risers 162 go off branches 163, which pass through the wall 161 of the riser shaft 160 in the technical room 150 and are guided from there to terminals at the housing and counting station 107c. At the junction of the exhaust pipe 163a, a muffler 164 is provided. The risers 162o of adjacent floors are connected by flexible connection hoses or pipes 165. In ducts in the wall 161 for the branches 163 tested fire protection elements 169 are provided.
  • the right riser 170 includes a plurality of conduits 172 for cables 173 such as power cables, data cables, TV cables, and other signal cables.
  • the cables 173 for the respective floor are guided through the wall 171 of the riser shaft 170 in the technical room 150 and from there to an electric sub-distributor on the outer wall of the room cell.
  • tested fire protection elements / measures 174 are provided in ducts in the wall 171 for the cables 173.
  • conduits 172 sleeve pipes which are fixed in the riser 170 so that they can be moved vertically from a defined starting position to an end position down.
  • the empty tubes 172 of the current room cell 100 are placed on the empty tubes 172u of the lower room cell 100u to form a continuous empty tube.
  • the held in the free space in the shaft 170 cables of the current room cell 100 are then inserted into the conduits 172u of the underlying room cell 100u and fully pushed down until they at the lowest point of the resulting by pushing together the conduits all below the current room cell 100 space cells tube emerge with a predefined excess length.
  • conduits 172 of the same function are present in the riser shaft 170 for a plurality of superimposed space cells.
  • the cable bundle 173a for the current room cell 100 is fully connected to the electrical sub-distributor of the current room cell 100. Cable bundles 173b of overlying room cells are led through the empty tubes 172 of the current floor.
  • the shaft walls 161 and 171 and the areas lying at the shafts 160 and 170 have sound and fire protection insulating properties.
  • the wells 160 and 170 can be vertically sound-decoupled and fire propagation from the wells 160 and 170 and into the wells 160 and 170, respectively, can be prevented.
  • the cross-laminated board panels of the outer walls 101 are provided on the inside facing the working space 120 at least part of the surface with a waterproof coating.
  • At least one screed is applied to the upper side of the cross-laminated board of the floor 102.
  • the storey ceiling fulfills the standard REI90 and that all legally required sound insulation values are reached and fallen below.
  • the floor structure is therefore executed in one example above the bed with impact sound insulation and either cement or dry screed, the flooring is selectable.
  • the underside of the storey quilt is made in an example of cross-laminated timber in visual quality or a dry screed construction with attached ceiling.
  • the shown room cell 100 accommodates all the heating, sanitary and electrical components required to supply a residential unit. By simply replacing a component, the most diverse heating and hot water preparation systems can be operated if necessary. These include, for example, a home station with decentralized water heating for radiators, a home station with decentralized water heating for surface heating, a counting station for central hot water for radiators and / or surface heating, or a hybrid electrical distributor equipped with electrical and data / media technology with underlying cabinet with space for cable management and underfloor heating distributors.
  • connections required for a residential unit are attached to the room cell 100. These connections include radiator connections (supply / return), underfloor heating connections (on the attached underfloor heating distributor) and sanitary connections (cold, warm and waste water) for a kitchen or other sanitary consumers.
  • radiator connections supply / return
  • underfloor heating connections on the attached underfloor heating distributor
  • sanitary connections cold, warm and waste water
  • a technical control preparation for individual room control of the underfloor heating variant is integrated.
  • room cell 100 all required components for legally compliant utility billing are integrated in the room cell 100. These include cold water meter bridge, hot water meter bridge and heat meter bridge. Ultimately, 100 components for the preparation of a counter remote reading are integrated in the room cell.
  • the room cell 100 includes two types of maintenance openings 107 and 107a / 107b to allow access to the components in the engineering room 150 and in the risers 160 and 170, respectively. These types include an accessible opening 107 which is closed by a magnetic snap-lock. This opening leads to the home station or counting station 107c. Another type 107a / 107b is only accessible to trained personnel. This includes the same type of closure, which is, however, secured with a linear magnetic locking bar, which can be brought only by means of special cable bridge in the open position. This opening leads to the shaft connections.
  • Another aspect of the invention is directed to a method of making wall building components wherein board plywood panels of a given width and length are stored in a magazine and wherein the panels are sawn transversely to the longitudinal direction to obtain board plywood panels of the same width and lenght a plurality of panels are laid on a conveyor track transversely to the direction of travel, in such a way that the panels are flush at the top and bottom and the side edges of successive panels touch each other, the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a cross laminated timber carpet, and wherein the Carpet is sawn transversely to the direction of the conveyor track to obtain cross laminated timber panels of a defined width.
  • the height of the carpet and the cross laminated timber panels is the same as the length of the panels.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that can be made of simple standard panels in an automated process cross laminated wood panels of any height and width. By the method is achieved that the possible width of the plates is not limited to a multiple of the width of the panels, but can be chosen freely. Furthermore, this handling results in a gain in precision. Because tolerances in the width of the panels are not passed on to the outer dimensions of the plates. Instead, a determination is made directly in the method using, for example, a precision saw. Dimensional accuracies of +/- 1 mm can be achieved for large panels.
  • wall components can serve as outer walls or inner walls in the finished building, for example.
  • the wall components produced by the method can be used as side wall components of a room cell according to the invention. A use as ceilings and / or floors is conceivable.
  • all panels of the magazine have the same width.
  • the thicknesses and lengths of the panels are preferably standardized, but need not always be the same.
  • the panels are between 5 and 20 m long and between 1 and 2.5 m wide.
  • Preferred dimensions are 10-16 m long and 1.25 m wide.
  • the thickness of the panels can be between 6 and 24 cm.
  • Preferred starches are 10, 12 or 14 cm. Panels of these dimensions can be transported in simple trucks without excess length or width. They are easy to manufacture and handle with standard tools. Cross laminated wood panels of this size are available as standard.
  • the length of the panels and thus the height of the carpet and the panels may be for example between 3 m and 4 m.
  • the resulting board plywood panels can serve directly as wall components or ceiling, floor and roof components.
  • the intermediate parts may, for example, be intermediate plates made of cross-laminated timber, glued laminated timber or solid construction timber.
  • the height of such intermediate plates is less than the height of the large board plywood panels. If intermediate plates are used, it can preferably be provided that they are inserted into the gaps so that each intermediate plate is flush with the adjacent plates at the top or bottom and / or that the side edges of the intermediate plates and the adjacent plates contact one another. The plates can then be connected along the adjacent side edges.
  • intermediate carriers of, for example, wood or steel is conceivable.
  • the intermediate parts serve as parapets if they run in the lower region of the plates, for example flush with the lower edge of the plates, or as falls if they are in the upper region of the plates, for example, flush with the upper edge the plates run.
  • the height or vertical extent of the intermediate parts can be, for example, 135 cm.
  • the height or vertical extension of the intermediate parts for example, 22 cm.
  • this production method Compared to conventional methods of producing wall components with window openings, where the window opening is cut or milled out of a plate, this production method has the great advantage that almost no waste is obtained. This missing waste leads to the large-scale production of wall components at significant cost savings and overall increases the sustainability of the concept.
  • two intermediate parts are inserted into the gap, wherein an intermediate part is arranged on the upper side of the plate, for example flush with the upper edge and an intermediate part on the underside of the plate, for example flush with the lower edge of the plate.
  • window openings with parapet and lintel can be incorporated into the wall components.
  • the window opening is formed by the remaining area of the gap between the upper side of the lower intermediate part and the lower side of the upper intermediate part.
  • At least a part of the intermediate parts are intermediate plates which are produced by sawing the cross laminated timber cross laminated timber panels horizontally to obtain cross laminated long lath panels of the same width and shorter length compared to the panels in that a plurality of short plates are laid transversely to the running direction on a second conveyor track, in such a way that the short plates are flush at the top and bottom and the side edges of successive short plates contact one another, that the short plates on the second conveyor track are joined along the adjoining longitudinal sides to form a second cross-laminated plywood carpet be, and that the second carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the second conveying path to obtain intermediate plates of a defined width.
  • the carpet method used for the production of the large plates is also used for the production of intermediate parts in the form of intermediate plates. This has the advantage of low width tolerances and any width choice.
  • At least part of the intermediate parts are intermediate plates obtained by sawing cross laminated timber cross-laminated timber panels of the magazine. So can Intermediate plates with a width of the wood panels corresponding width of, for example, 1.25 m are easily made.
  • the panels are cross laminated wood panels, the panels and possibly at least part of the intermediate panels are also made of cross laminated timber.
  • Cross-laminated timber is available in the stated dimensions and for the reasons already mentioned in connection with the space cell for use in the present method, are to be produced with the wall components for houses and for example for such space cells, particularly advantageous.
  • At least a part of the intermediate plates or intermediate carrier is provided separately, wherein this part of the intermediate plates are preferably intermediate plates or intermediate carriers made of glued laminated timber or solid construction timber or steel.
  • connection of the adjacent panels and / or the short panels and / or panels and / or intermediate parts is effected by use of mechanical connection means or by gluing.
  • the elements can be connected by wrapping brackets.
  • the elements can be glued. This is preferable because the potential problem of metal parts at positions where the carpet is to be cut does not occur.
  • a piece of the carpet is cut off and disposed of when, when sawing it, a cut is to be made at an unauthorized location, such as in the area of a connecting bracket between two panels.
  • cut-off end pieces of the carpet are stored intermediately and reinserted into the carpet at a later time, such as a board plywood board. For example, can by changing the desired room height a change in the carpet height in the process will be necessary. So it may be necessary to cut off an end piece of the carpet. This is then stored and used at the next opportunity, for example, a return to the original carpet height, again as a counterpart to a long panel in the carpet.
  • FIG. 5 an exemplary plant layout for carrying out a carpet production method according to the invention for the production of wall components is shown.
  • the plant includes a truck access area with a magazine 202 directly adjacent thereto.
  • the magazine 202 comprises individual storage areas for pallets with standardized board plywood panels of certain dimensions. Preferably some or all of the storage areas have the same dimensions to accommodate cross laminated timber panels of the same dimensions. For the process according to the invention, only cross-laminated timber panels of the same width are required as the starting material for the overwhelming majority, so that optimal space utilization is achieved with a bearing designed in this way. It can be maintained with limited space required sufficient material. As far as cross laminated wood panels of different thicknesses are needed, they fit into all storage areas regardless of their thicknesses. Suitable dimensions for the cross laminated timber panels include, for example, 1.25 x 10-16 m. Suitable different panel thicknesses are for example 10, 12 or 14 cm. The nature of the panels received in the individual storage areas of the magazine 202, i.e., their thickness and their type of wood, is individually notified or preset to an electronic control unit.
  • a crane robot is provided in order to be able to lift the panels that are currently required lengthwise onto a supply track 206.
  • a precision saw 207 is arranged, with which the panels can be shortened to any length with a maximum error of +/- 1 mm.
  • a main conveyor track 208 and a secondary conveyor track 209 run transversely from the supply track 206 at different branches. Both of these tracks 208 and 209 run in the same direction from the supply track 206.
  • a manipulation device not shown, it is possible to control which of the pieces obtained by sawing the panels reach which of the tracks 208 and 209.
  • the saw 207 only panels 210 of a single length are cut out of the panels and guided flush with the width of the main conveyor track 208. There, the panels 210 are pushed together so that their longitudinal edges touch each other. In a connecting machine 211, the adjacent side edges of the panels 210 are then connected to a wooden carpet 212 by mechanical bonding and / or gluing, preferably gluing. Another precision saw 213 then saws the carpet 212 normal to the direction of travel of the web 208 to obtain wood panels having the same height as the panels 210 and the carpet 212, respectively. The width of the wood panels can be freely selected in the saw 213. The saw 213 is designed so that the carpet 212 can be cut with a maximum error of +/- 1 mm in wall panels of any width.
  • shorter pieces 218 are cut out of the panels in the saw 207 and onto the secondary conveying track 209 steered, or alternatively directed by the above described as an alternative, separate supply path to the secondary conveyor track.
  • the shorter pieces 218 are combined according to the same principle to a carpet 219 and cut into intermediate plates of any length, as is done for the panels 210 on the main conveyor track 208.
  • a connection machine 221, a precision saw 222 and an offcut storage not shown are also available on the secondary conveyor track 209.
  • the secondary conveyor track 209 terminates at a transfer track 226, which leads to the main conveyor track 208 and opens at a junction 227 in this.
  • a magazine for glulam beams, or alternatively structural logs or steel beams, and a manipulating means are disposed at the junction 227.
  • the manipulation device comprises, in addition to an engagement device for positioning the wall panels, the intermediate plates and the glulam beams or structural solid wood or steel beams and a connecting machine.
  • intermediate plates and / or equal-width glulam beams or structural solid wood or steel beams are inserted into a gap between two wall panels that touch the adjacent side edges. The different plates are then meachanisch connected or glued together. This is done by connection machine 215.
  • rectangular wall members 214 made of cross-laminated timber with window or door openings, which are composed of at least two wall panels and at least one intermediate plate and / or a plywood carrier.
  • the intermediate plate typically serves as a parapet and the laminated wood beam as a fall.
  • FIG. 6 shows the schematic assembly of an exemplary wall in the carpet process.
  • the wooden carpet 212 located on the main conveyor track 208 is displayed. It consists of individual Brettsperrholztafeln 210a, 210b, etc., all of which have the same nominal width of 1.25 m and glued along the common side edges, for example, glued and / or mechanically, for example, based on metal brackets 240 are connected.
  • the drawing indicates that the widths of the wooden panels 212 have a certain tolerance.
  • one wooden plate is only 1249 mm wide, while another wooden plate is 1260 mm wide.
  • Tolerances on this scale are quite possible with commercially available cross laminated timber panels and a Popehalttechniks along would be associated with significant additional costs.
  • such and optionally added tolerances in the finished wall components for use in a building in the context of the inventive concept are not tolerable.
  • a significant advantage of the method according to the invention is therefore that when processing in the context of the method according to the invention these tolerances can be compensated in the starting material, since the carpet 212 is anyway divided by the precision saw 213 so that the width of the plates true to the millimeter.
  • the cutting lines of the precision saw 213 are identified by the reference numeral 241 in the figure.
  • the cut lines 241 are such that from the carpet 212 inter alia three plates 214a, 214b and 214c with widths of 1470 mm, 2910 mm and 750 mm are cut out.
  • FIG. 2 shows a finished wall component 230 with two window openings, which consists of the three plates 214a, 214b and 214c, of which, in connection with the upper part of FIG FIG. 6 and two parapets 220a and 220b of plywood and two lintels 229a and 229b of glued laminated timber, each having a width of 1250 mm.
  • the parapets can be as above related FIG. 5 be described in more detail in the carpet process.
  • the falls are related as above FIG. 5 provided and described the use of parapets and falls between the plates as well as their connection to the plates is also as above in connection with FIG. 5 described in more detail.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP18204556.7A 2017-11-06 2018-11-06 Procédé de fabrication de composants muraux pour bâtiments Active EP3479977B1 (fr)

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DE102017125829.9A DE102017125829A1 (de) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wandbauteilen für Gebäude

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WO2020245868A1 (fr) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 日揮グローバル株式会社 Module de construction d'installation, installation, procédé de fabrication de module de construction d'installation et procédé de construction d'installation

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EP2618972A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2013-07-31 Michael Weinig Ag Procédé de fabrication d'éléments panneaux plats et dispositif permettant la mise en uvre dudit procédé

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EP2618972A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2013-07-31 Michael Weinig Ag Procédé de fabrication d'éléments panneaux plats et dispositif permettant la mise en uvre dudit procédé

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US10808400B2 (en) 2020-10-20
US20190136519A1 (en) 2019-05-09
CA3022130A1 (fr) 2019-05-06
DE102017125829A1 (de) 2019-05-09
EP3479977B1 (fr) 2023-07-26
AU2018253631A1 (en) 2019-05-23
EP3479977C0 (fr) 2023-07-26

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