EP3479977A1 - Method for production of wall components for building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the production of wall components for buildings, wherein Brettplywood panels of a certain width and length are kept in a magazine, wherein the panels are sawn transversely to the longitudinal direction to obtain Brettsperrholztafeln the same width and shorter length, wherein a plurality of panels transversely to the direction be placed on a conveyor track, in such a way that the panels are flush top and bottom and the side edges of successive panels touch each other, the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a board plywood carpet, and wherein the carpet transverse to the direction the conveyor track is sawed to obtain cross laminated timber panels of a defined width.

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to an overall concept for the construction of buildings in system construction, preferably of multi-storey buildings designed for permanent residence. The concept includes a space cell for use in constructing buildings in system construction, as well as a method of making wall components for buildings.

In times of urbanization and the rapidly growing demand for housing in conurbations, concepts are needed that can save a large number of residential units in a time-saving and cost-effective manner. A compelling requirement for these concepts is a high degree of quality, individualisability and sustainability in order to achieve a clear demarcation from the functional buildings of the 1960s and 1970s.

State of the art

In the prior art, it is known to manufacture larger buildings in system design using space cells made of cross-laminated timber. It is also known to integrate a wet area in these space cells and to conduct electrical and other lines through risers, which are integrated in the space cells. For example, we refer to the construction of the BMW Hotel Alpenhof in Ammerwald, Austria, which is presented in the catalog cut 43, 2011 of the consortium proholz, and to those in the European patents EP 2 617 911 B1 . EP 2 617 912 B1 and EP 2 617 913 B1 featured components.

Summary of the invention

The concept of the present invention is based on the use of prefabricated wall parts and room cells made of wood and preferably cross-laminated timber, wherein in the space cells wet cells and risers for all types of required lines (water, air, electricity, signal, etc.) are integrated. It provides that the wall parts and room cells are manufactured on an industrial scale from a large number of identical wooden components, whereby a high degree of customizability is given by a special type of production.

Room cells for the manufacture of buildings are known in the art. They are mainly used in the manufacture of temporary buildings and hotels, where they represent separate areas.

In the context of the present invention, however, it is provided to integrate the room cells as part of a larger unit in a floor of a multi-storey building, for example residential building. Furthermore, a plurality of room cells are to be stacked and the entire or at least a substantial part of the installations of the building is to run within the stacked room cells. This area of application and the associated boundary conditions place high demands on the stability of the room cell, the possibilities of cable routing as well as the sound and fire protection. These requirements can be borne insufficient account with known concepts.

Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide a space cell for use in the construction of buildings in system design, which meets all requirements for stability, sanitary equipment, wiring and sound and fire protection, which provides the present concept to them.

Against this background, the invention relates to a space cell for use in the construction of buildings in modular construction, wherein the space cell has a cuboid basic shape and outer walls, a floor and a ceiling, wherein the structural components of some, and preferably all exterior walls are cross-laminated boards wherein the room cell includes a utility area and at least two separate risers, both risers passing through the space cell from bottom to top and each enclosed between at least one exterior wall and at least one well wall.

The industrial production of large wall components, as required, for example, in the production of room cells according to the invention typically comprises the connection of several smaller panels along common side edges. If window or door openings are to be worked into the wall components, these are usually cut out or milled out.

These known methods are not optimally suited to the present concept in several aspects. On the one hand, the milling or cutting out of openings produces blends which as a rule can no longer be used. The blends represent a significant cost factor in industrial production and large quantities are not economically and ecologically desirable. On the other hand, compliance with small dimensional tolerances in production is difficult because of deviations in the starting materials propagate on the finished wall components. This is not tolerable in the context of the inventive concept, since a very high dimensional accuracy for the quality and stability of the space cells according to the invention and a building of the invention prepared according to the invention is important.

A partial aspect of the invention is therefore concerned with a method for the production of wall components, for example for room cells, which overcomes these disadvantages of known methods.

Against this background, in a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for the production of wall components for buildings, wherein wood panels of a certain width and length are kept in a magazine and wherein the panels are sawed transversely to the longitudinal direction to obtain wood panels of the same width and shorter length wherein a plurality of panels are placed on a conveyor track transversely to the direction of travel, in such a way that the panels are flush top and bottom and the side edges of successive panels touch each other, the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a wood carpet, and wherein the carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the conveyor track to obtain wood panels of a defined width.

Description of the figures

• FIG. 1 shows an exemplary Raumzelle invention in plan view.
• FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the area around the engineering room of the room cell according to FIG. 1 in a horizontal sectional view.
• FIG. 3 shows a more detailed view of the area around the engineering room of the room cell according to FIG. 1 in a vertical sectional view.
• FIG. 4 shows a more detailed view of the area around the engineering room of the room cell according to FIG. 1 in another vertical sectional view.
• FIG. 5 shows an exemplary plant layout for carrying out a carpet production method according to the invention for the production of wall components.
• FIG. 6 shows the schematic assembly of an exemplary wall in the carpet process.

Detailed description of the invention The room cell

One aspect of the invention relates to a space cell for use in the construction of buildings in system construction, wherein the space cell has a rectangular basic shape and outer walls, a floor and a ceiling, wherein the structural components of some, and preferably all outer walls are cross-laminated board, and wherein the room cell includes a utility area and at least two separate risers, both risers passing through the space cell from bottom to top and each enclosed between at least one exterior wall and at least one well wall.

The shaft walls may include or consist of cross laminated timber. Preferably, the buildings are multi-storey buildings designed for permanent residence.

The floor plan of the room cell is preferably rectangular and the room cell preferably comprises four outer walls. Preferably, at least two and more preferably all outer walls are load-bearing. Unlike one self-supporting wall, which carries only its own weight and is not statically loaded by other components, is a load-bearing wall through other parts of the building, for example, placed on the room cell more space cell statically resilient and designed to carry this load. For example, it may be provided that the box is designed to carry its own weight at least five times, and preferably at least eight times, so that it is possible to stack, for example, eight or even more than eight boxes in an eight-storey or multi-storey building.

The space cell is preferably closed all around, i. preferably comprises four side walls. Even with the load-bearing components of the floor and / or ceiling of the room cell may be cross-laminated board panels. Cross laminated timber is very stiff and stable. It is well suited as a load-bearing building material. The building material wood is environmentally friendly and renewable. It is comparatively inexpensive, durable and in demand as a building material for customers. It can be provided that the walls are made entirely of cross-laminated board, which can be coated or cladding on one side or on both sides at least part of the area. The same applies to the ceiling and / or floor. The outer walls may have openings for example doors.

Floor and ceiling comprise openings in the area of the riser shafts, so that they can be opened upwards or downwards or can be opened, provided the opening is closed.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the shaft is completely enclosed laterally over the entire height of the space cell by the shaft walls and the outer walls, so that openings are provided for connection to corresponding shafts of the underlying and overlying floor only at the upper and lower end of the shaft. Thus, even without special insulation in each room cell vertical sound isolation between the risers and the useful area done in insulation of the shaft walls between the risers and the useful area of the room cell, and insulation the areas of the outer walls delimiting the riser shafts between the riser shafts and the areas outside the room cell. In one embodiment, it may additionally be provided that the shaft walls and / or the ascending shafts of the outer walls are insulated.

Due to this type of vertical sound decoupling no horizontal sound decoupling between two adjoining floors is required in the area of the riser shafts. The sound can thus propagate between the floors within the risers of stacked space cells, but the vertical sound decoupling prevents sound propagation from the riser shaft.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the shaft walls and / or the riser-limiting areas of the outer walls have a full-surface fire protection clothing. By such clothing, the protective effect of the respective walls can be increased against fire spread between the risers and the useful area of the room cell or the areas outside the room cell. As fire protection clothing, for example, one or more gypsum board come into question. It can be provided that the fire protection is ensured for vertical penetrations by means of tested fire protection elements / measures.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the at least two riser shafts are arranged along the inside of one and optionally the same outer wall, wherein it is preferably provided that the riser or shafts are arranged in a technical room, which is separated from the working area by means of an intermediate wall.

The shaft walls on the one hand and the intermediate wall on the other hand are preferably separate components. The intermediate wall can be a plasterboard. It can also be made from several plasterboard become. The shaft walls, like the outer walls, can essentially be formed of cross-laminated board panels.

It may be provided that the riser shafts fill only a part of the technical room and that an installation area is formed in the technical room between the riser shafts and / or between at least one riser shaft and the equipment room cladding. The different risers and conduits, which will be discussed in more detail below, can be diverted from the riser shafts in the installation area and then redistributed from there to any point in the useful space of the room cell or outside the room cell.

In one embodiment, an installation niche for accommodating home stations and / or counting stations is provided in the intermediate wall. The accessibility to this installation niche is preferably ensured by a maintenance opening with closure element, wherein the closure element is preferably designed so that it can be opened without tools.

In one embodiment, a home station is installed in the installation niche, which centralized the domestic hot water and includes consumption meter for cold water, hot water and heating energy. This home station is prepared in one embodiment for the heat transfer by means of convective heating surfaces (radiators) in the use units (residential units) and in another embodiment for the transfer of heat by means of surface heating.

In a further embodiment, a counting station for building-central water heating is installed in the stated installation niche, which includes the consumption meter for cold water, hot water and heating energy.

It can be installed either in the home station or in the counting the main barriers for use units (housing units). Furthermore, can a differential pressure control for hydraulic balancing of the primary heating supply network to be integrated. The design of the differential pressure control allows standard dimensioning of the riser pipes for all heat transfer systems (convective heating surfaces, surface heating, etc.).

In one embodiment, it is provided that a plurality of riser ducts for receiving different liquids and gases, such as water pipes or ventilation ducts are mounted in one of the riser ducts.

In one embodiment it is provided that in a riser, preferably in relation to the riser just mentioned in connection with the risers in the other of the riser shafts several conduits are provided for receiving cables.

Preferably, the risers and conduits are distributed over the risers that all risers are included in a riser and all conduits in another riser, which may be required for safety reasons. This embodiment ensures the local separation of fluids and electrical installations.

Both the riser pipes and the empty pipes can be designed as pipe sections which extend from bottom to top in the riser shaft. Riser pipes can directly serve to guide fluids such as drinking water, sewage or exhaust air. Conduits may be used to accommodate cables such as power cables or signal cables.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the empty tubes are fixed in the riser so that they can be moved vertically downwards from a defined starting position to an end position and / or that the empty tubes are sleeve tubes. In this embodiment, in the construction of a multi-storey building, a method is provided in which first the space cell is placed on an underlying space cell, and in then the empty tubes of the current room cell moved down and put on the conduits of the lower room cell to form a continuous tube.

It can therefore be provided that in a stacking several inventive room cells in the context of the construction of a building, the empty tubing is connected in the shaft without tools by pushing down and then a continuous connection from the current floor is formed to the lowest floor. The Wohnungszuspeisungen (electricity, data, KTV, ...), as described in more detail below, are inserted without tools from top to bottom in this connection.

In one embodiment, it is provided that several identical empty tubes of the same function are provided in the riser. In this embodiment, in the construction of a multi-storey building, it is possible to sort the bundles of cables into floors in a simple manner.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the space cell in that riser shaft in which the conduits are arranged, having a wiring with one or more cables, the cables each have a free end and a bound end and wherein the bonded ends of the cable already on the room cell are connected. For example, the cables can already be connected to a likewise arranged in the room cell electric sub-distributor. The electric sub-distributor can be installed in the room cell and ready wired. As far as the wiring comprises several individual cables, they can be combined to form a cable bundle. The length of the cables can be chosen so that they extend beyond the underside of the room cell in any case. The length of the cables may in one embodiment exceed the height of two, three or more room cells. With regard to the use of the room cell in the construction of a building, the length of the cables of a room cell can be chosen so that the cables from the floor of the building in which the relevant room cell is to be arranged to the lowest floor or Range of the building in which, for example, the meter main distributor can be located. The long cables or the cable bundle can meander-shaped or otherwise wound in the riser.

In this embodiment, in the application of the space cell in the construction of a building, a method is provided for connecting consumers or an electric sub-distributor of the space cell to a supplier, in which the free ends of the cables in the upper opening of an empty tube of the underlying space cell, which is optionally combined with the conduits of several underlying space cells to form a long tube, are introduced and guided entirely through this tube until the free ends emerge at the lower opening of this tube with predefined excess length. This enables tool-free cabling of the room cells from the lowest floor or basement floor to any floor.

In order to allow access to the conduits of the space cells or to the respective shaft, a maintenance opening, for example an EI90 maintenance opening, may be provided. In one embodiment it is provided that at least one concealed linear magnet pin is provided for locking this maintenance opening. This is preferably designed so that it can be brought into the open position only with a special jumper cable. This ensures that the shaft remains inaccessible to unauthorized persons.

The vertical fire protection at passages of cables through the shaft wall is preferably ensured by tested fire protection / measures such as fire protection collars.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the riser ducts and preferably the ventilation duct each have at least one branch, which leads out of the riser duct through the shaft wall or outer wall, wherein a silencer is preferably provided in or at the branch. The turnoff is required for the individual supply of the respective use unit, for example residential unit. The silencer serves to prevent or at least reduce the transmission of sound such as telephony sound among the individual use units. The vertical fire protection at passages of ventilation ducts through the shaft wall is preferably also ensured by tested fire protection elements / measures such as fire dampers.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the room cell comprises exhaust air elements such as fans, intake openings and intake ducts. Thus, the room cell can be connected to a demand-controlled exhaust air system. If the room cell has several rooms, exhaust air elements for one, several or all rooms can be provided.

In the construction of a multi-storey building using the space cells may be provided to connect the risers of adjacent floors with preferably flexible Verbindungsschläuchen- or pipes. It can be provided that the connecting elements are connected only on one side to the undersides of the risers. When building a building and stacking the room cells connections of the last room cell must be connected only to the risers of the existing room cell. Corresponding insulating means can also be kept in the room cell. A maintenance opening, for example an EI90 maintenance opening, may also be provided on the shaft comprising the riser conduits in order to allow access to the empty conduits of the space cells or to the respective shaft. The maintenance opening may be designed as described above in connection with the empty conduit shaft.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the load-bearing cross-laminated timber panels of the outer walls, the ceiling and / or the floor are at least partially covered and / or coated.

In one embodiment, a cladding of the cross laminated timber panels of the outer walls is provided with plasterboard. In one embodiment, a plaster may be provided. In one embodiment, a bedding and / or a footfall sound insulation and / or a screed and / or a floor covering such as parquet or tiles or laminate are provided at the top of the cross-laminated board panels of the soil. In one embodiment, the board plywood panels of the ceiling are clad or coated on the underside at least part of the area.

In one embodiment, panels are attached to the cross laminated board by means of a swing bracket.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the useful area is at least partially formed by a wet cell. A wet cell in the broadest sense means a space in which water connections are present and in which at least the ground is waterproof. For example, in one embodiment, it is a bathroom. Also conceivable are shower cabins, laundry, separate toilet rooms or storage rooms. In one embodiment, the bottom, and preferably also at least partial surfaces of the walls of the wet cell are waterproof coated or clad. For example, a waterproof floor covering made of plastic or with flow can be provided.

In one embodiment, the inventory of the wet area is preinstalled in the room cell. Suitable inventory depends on the nature of the wet area and in the case of a bathroom may include, for example, a bath, a shower, a washbasin and / or a toilet. Also mirrors, mirror cabinets, accessories, furniture and the like can be pre-installed. The connection of the installations of the wet cell is preferably carried out to a arranged in the technical room apartment station or counting station, which in turn is then connected to risers in the riser shaft of the room cell in connection or can be connected. The interfaces for connecting separate consumers such as a washing machine are connected to the home station.

In one embodiment, the useful area comprises only one room, ie is not subdivided into several rooms. In another embodiment, the useful area comprises at least two spaces, which are separated by partitions. At least one of the rooms or both rooms may be a wet cell. For example, the room cell may have two rooms, namely a bathroom and a separate toilet room, laundry or storage room.

In one embodiment, the useful area of the room cell is barrier-free and designed for the disabled. The same applies to the additions to the working area.

In one embodiment, the room cell comprises an electric sub-distributor. This may be a distributor designed as a hybrid distributor which, in addition to electrical equipment such as, for example, residual current circuit breakers or automatic circuit breakers, also includes data and TV technology and / or space reservation for WLAN technology. The electric sub-distributor can be fully wired and clamped, wherein the free ends of the supply cables, such as electrical power supply, data line and TV cable as described in detail above can lie in the respective shaft of the room cell.

In one embodiment, the room cell comprises a floor heating distribution cabinet. In one embodiment, this is equipped with a heating system finished connected floor heating manifold. This can be ready connected to any underfloor heating of the room cell. Furthermore, it can be provided that in the underfloor heating distribution cabinet free cable ends and optionally cable sections of various connection cables such as connection cables for connecting consumers such as sockets, Lichauslässen, a stove or the like are included, for example, as a rolled-up cable bundle. The underfloor heating cabinet may be in communication with the electrical subdistributor. In place of the underfloor heating distributor can in Hiezungsverteilerschrank only the space reserved for cable ends and Be provided cable sections, unless underfloor heating is provided. The underfloor heating cabinet may be mounted at a level below the electric sub-distributor on the room cell.

In one embodiment it is provided that installation connections are provided on the outside of the room cell. Again, the connection is preferably made to the arranged in the technical room apartment station or counting station. Examples include supply and return pipes for building heating or pipes for connecting a kitchenette. For example, due to their connections, an outer wall of the room cell may be suitable for attaching a kitchenette to it in a building. Thus, using the room cell, a building can be erected in which there are no further risers or cables outside the room cell.

It can therefore be provided that the entire electrical installation of the room cell is prepared so far that when building a building using the room cell from the lowest floor of the building to the consumers (sockets, switches, light outlets, ...) of each uppermost room cell all installations and electrical sub-distribution boards are pre-installed (installed, fixed and clamped). Cables for the primary (home supply) and secondary (consumer connections) supply from the electrical sub-distributor can be kept and laid connectionless to the destination.

In one embodiment it is provided that connection lines (supply and return) for the supply of radiators in the use unit (housing unit) are provided on the outside of the room cell, which are preferably connected to the arranged in the technical room housing station or counting station.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the room cell comprises means for decentralized hot water preparation, both for hygienic drinking water heating and for drinking water heating by heating water in a continuous flow principle.

As far as the production of the room cell is concerned, the cross laminated wood panels of the outer walls and also of other wall components of the room cell can be produced by means of a carpet method described herein.

The wall components of the room cell can be connected to the floor and / or ceiling of the cell by means of metallic connectors and / or gluing.

It can be noted that the risers are spatially separated, for example, fluids on the one hand and electrical media on the other hand. Even after stacking the room cells, they form their own EI90 fire compartment and comply with all common sound insulation requirements.

The manhole installations are designed so that up to five or up to eight or more than eight stacked space cells can be supplied with all required media as described above. This may include, for example, heating, cold water, hot water, waste water, ventilation, electricity, data, TV and a reserve for other media. One and the same standardized shaft installation can also cover all requirements for variants such as low-temperature or surface heating, convective heating surfaces (radiators / radiators) as well as centralized or decentralized hot water preparation. Devices for hydraulic adjustment of the heat supply, such as a differential pressure regulator are preferably integrated in the room cell. Therefore, in a building erected using the room cell, it is preferable not to take any further measures for hydraulic balancing outside the room cell. Sound transmissions such as telephony sound transmission between superimposed room cells can be counteracted for example by the installation of silencers.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary Raumzelle invention in plan view. Figures 2-4 show detailed views of the area around the technical room of the room cell in horizontal and vertical sectional views.

The room cell is generally designated by the reference numeral 100. It has a rectangular floor plan with four outer walls 101. The outer walls 101 are made of load-bearing board plywood panels, which are at least partially coated and clad in a manner described in more detail below. The room cell 100 is closed at the bottom and top with reference to a floor 102 and a ceiling 103. Also, the floor 102 and the ceiling 103 are made of load-bearing cross-laminated board, which are at least partially coated and clad in a manner described in more detail below.

The cross-plywood panels of the outer walls 101 may be manufactured by a method as described in more detail below, or, in particular if there are no window or door openings, comprise one or more large plywood panels. For example, the floor 102 and ceiling 103 may include one or more large plywood panels, but may also be manufactured using a method described in more detail below.

The space bounded by the outer walls 101 is divided into a working space 120 and a technical room 150. The technical room 150 is separated from the working space 120 by a partition wall 104 made of plasterboard or cross-laminated timber. Within the engineering space 150, there are two risers 160 and 170 formed between two L-shaped wall elements 161 and 171 and the corners of the engineering space 150 formed by the outer walls 101. The bottom 102 and the ceiling 103 include in the region of the risers 160 and 170 openings so that the risers 160 and 170, the room cell 100 can pass through from bottom to top. The L-shaped wall elements 161 and 171 are also made of cross-laminated plywood panels which are coated in a manner described in more detail below.

At least one maintenance opening 107 with a closure element is provided in the intermediate wall 104 in order to be able to access from the utility space 120 tool-free at any time to a housing and counting station 107c arranged outside the useful space 120. In the intermediate wall 104 and the shaft wall 161 and 171 further two maintenance openings 107a and 107b are provided with a magnetic closure element and linear magnetic locking bar to allow access only to trained personnel.

The utility room 120 is a wet room with pre-installed inventory 121 in the form of a shower, a wash basin and a toilet. Of course, in addition to or instead of the shower, a bathtub could be pre-installed. All of these elements are arranged on the intermediate wall 104 or a sectionally extending on the working space 120 and provided with a lining 122 made of plasterboard outer wall 101 to lay lines not visible from the technical room 150 to the connections for the inventory 121 can.

A door opening 106 in a side wall 101 allows access into the work space 120. The side wall 101 with the door opening 106 is not clad in the embodiment shown, but could also be clad.

The left riser 160 includes a plurality of risers 162 for, inter alia, for heating, cold water, hot water, circulation, sewage and exhaust air. From these risers 162 go off branches 163, which pass through the wall 161 of the riser shaft 160 in the technical room 150 and are guided from there to terminals at the housing and counting station 107c. At the junction of the exhaust pipe 163a, a muffler 164 is provided. The risers 162o of adjacent floors are connected by flexible connection hoses or pipes 165. In ducts in the wall 161 for the branches 163 tested fire protection elements 169 are provided.

The right riser 170 includes a plurality of conduits 172 for cables 173 such as power cables, data cables, TV cables, and other signal cables. The cables 173 for the respective floor are guided through the wall 171 of the riser shaft 170 in the technical room 150 and from there to an electric sub-distributor on the outer wall of the room cell. In ducts in the wall 171 for the cables 173, tested fire protection elements / measures 174 are provided.

Like this in FIG. 4 is indicated, it is in the conduits 172 sleeve pipes, which are fixed in the riser 170 so that they can be moved vertically from a defined starting position to an end position down. When constructing a multi-storey building, after the relevant room cell has been placed on an underlying room cell, the empty tubes 172 of the current room cell 100 are placed on the empty tubes 172u of the lower room cell 100u to form a continuous empty tube. The held in the free space in the shaft 170 cables of the current room cell 100 are then inserted into the conduits 172u of the underlying room cell 100u and fully pushed down until they at the lowest point of the resulting by pushing together the conduits all below the current room cell 100 space cells tube emerge with a predefined excess length. As shown, several identical conduits 172 of the same function are present in the riser shaft 170 for a plurality of superimposed space cells. The cable bundle 173a for the current room cell 100 is fully connected to the electrical sub-distributor of the current room cell 100. Cable bundles 173b of overlying room cells are led through the empty tubes 172 of the current floor.

The shaft walls 161 and 171 and the areas lying at the shafts 160 and 170 have sound and fire protection insulating properties. Thus, the wells 160 and 170 can be vertically sound-decoupled and fire propagation from the wells 160 and 170 and into the wells 160 and 170, respectively, can be prevented.

The cross-laminated board panels of the outer walls 101 are provided on the inside facing the working space 120 at least part of the surface with a waterproof coating.

At least one screed is applied to the upper side of the cross-laminated board of the floor 102. With the built-in floor construction is to be achieved that the storey ceiling fulfills the standard REI90 and that all legally required sound insulation values are reached and fallen below. The floor structure is therefore executed in one example above the bed with impact sound insulation and either cement or dry screed, the flooring is selectable. The underside of the storey quilt is made in an example of cross-laminated timber in visual quality or a dry screed construction with attached ceiling.

The shown room cell 100 accommodates all the heating, sanitary and electrical components required to supply a residential unit. By simply replacing a component, the most diverse heating and hot water preparation systems can be operated if necessary. These include, for example, a home station with decentralized water heating for radiators, a home station with decentralized water heating for surface heating, a counting station for central hot water for radiators and / or surface heating, or a hybrid electrical distributor equipped with electrical and data / media technology with underlying cabinet with space for cable management and underfloor heating distributors.

All connections required for a residential unit are attached to the room cell 100. These connections include radiator connections (supply / return), underfloor heating connections (on the attached underfloor heating distributor) and sanitary connections (cold, warm and waste water) for a kitchen or other sanitary consumers. A technical control preparation for individual room control of the underfloor heating variant is integrated.

Furthermore, all required components for legally compliant utility billing are integrated in the room cell 100. These include cold water meter bridge, hot water meter bridge and heat meter bridge. Ultimately, 100 components for the preparation of a counter remote reading are integrated in the room cell.

The room cell 100 includes two types of maintenance openings 107 and 107a / 107b to allow access to the components in the engineering room 150 and in the risers 160 and 170, respectively. These types include an accessible opening 107 which is closed by a magnetic snap-lock. This opening leads to the home station or counting station 107c. Another type 107a / 107b is only accessible to trained personnel. This includes the same type of closure, which is, however, secured with a linear magnetic locking bar, which can be brought only by means of special cable bridge in the open position. This opening leads to the shaft connections.

The carpet process

Another aspect of the invention is directed to a method of making wall building components wherein board plywood panels of a given width and length are stored in a magazine and wherein the panels are sawn transversely to the longitudinal direction to obtain board plywood panels of the same width and lenght a plurality of panels are laid on a conveyor track transversely to the direction of travel, in such a way that the panels are flush at the top and bottom and the side edges of successive panels touch each other, the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a cross laminated timber carpet, and wherein the Carpet is sawn transversely to the direction of the conveyor track to obtain cross laminated timber panels of a defined width.

The height of the carpet and the cross laminated timber panels is the same as the length of the panels. The inventive method has the advantage that can be made of simple standard panels in an automated process cross laminated wood panels of any height and width. By the method is achieved that the possible width of the plates is not limited to a multiple of the width of the panels, but can be chosen freely. Furthermore, this handling results in a gain in precision. Because tolerances in the width of the panels are not passed on to the outer dimensions of the plates. Instead, a determination is made directly in the method using, for example, a precision saw. Dimensional accuracies of +/- 1 mm can be achieved for large panels.

By means of the method produced wall components can serve as outer walls or inner walls in the finished building, for example. For example, the wall components produced by the method can be used as side wall components of a room cell according to the invention. A use as ceilings and / or floors is conceivable.

Preferably, all panels of the magazine have the same width. The thicknesses and lengths of the panels are preferably standardized, but need not always be the same. For example, it can be provided that the panels are between 5 and 20 m long and between 1 and 2.5 m wide. Preferred dimensions are 10-16 m long and 1.25 m wide. The thickness of the panels can be between 6 and 24 cm. Preferred starches are 10, 12 or 14 cm. Panels of these dimensions can be transported in simple trucks without excess length or width. They are easy to manufacture and handle with standard tools. Cross laminated wood panels of this size are available as standard.

The length of the panels and thus the height of the carpet and the panels may be for example between 3 m and 4 m.

The resulting board plywood panels can serve directly as wall components or ceiling, floor and roof components.

Alternatively, it may be provided that further intermediate parts are provided and inserted on the conveyor track in gaps previously formed between adjacent plates, the plates and intermediate parts thus arranged being connected to form a wall component.

The intermediate parts may, for example, be intermediate plates made of cross-laminated timber, glued laminated timber or solid construction timber. The height of such intermediate plates is less than the height of the large board plywood panels. If intermediate plates are used, it can preferably be provided that they are inserted into the gaps so that each intermediate plate is flush with the adjacent plates at the top or bottom and / or that the side edges of the intermediate plates and the adjacent plates contact one another. The plates can then be connected along the adjacent side edges. Furthermore, the use of intermediate carriers of, for example, wood or steel is conceivable.

Below or above the intermediate parts there is a release in the wall component. The release is a window or door opening. The intermediate parts serve as parapets if they run in the lower region of the plates, for example flush with the lower edge of the plates, or as falls if they are in the upper region of the plates, for example, flush with the upper edge the plates run. For use as a parapet, the height or vertical extent of the intermediate parts can be, for example, 135 cm. For use as a fall, the height or vertical extension of the intermediate parts, for example, 22 cm.

Compared to conventional methods of producing wall components with window openings, where the window opening is cut or milled out of a plate, this production method has the great advantage that almost no waste is obtained. This missing waste leads to the large-scale production of wall components at significant cost savings and overall increases the sustainability of the concept.

In one embodiment it is provided that two intermediate parts are inserted into the gap, wherein an intermediate part is arranged on the upper side of the plate, for example flush with the upper edge and an intermediate part on the underside of the plate, for example flush with the lower edge of the plate. Thus, window openings with parapet and lintel can be incorporated into the wall components. The window opening is formed by the remaining area of the gap between the upper side of the lower intermediate part and the lower side of the upper intermediate part.

In one embodiment it is provided that at least a part of the intermediate parts are intermediate plates which are produced by sawing the cross laminated timber cross laminated timber panels horizontally to obtain cross laminated long lath panels of the same width and shorter length compared to the panels in that a plurality of short plates are laid transversely to the running direction on a second conveyor track, in such a way that the short plates are flush at the top and bottom and the side edges of successive short plates contact one another, that the short plates on the second conveyor track are joined along the adjoining longitudinal sides to form a second cross-laminated plywood carpet be, and that the second carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the second conveying path to obtain intermediate plates of a defined width.

In other words, it may be provided that the carpet method used for the production of the large plates is also used for the production of intermediate parts in the form of intermediate plates. This has the advantage of low width tolerances and any width choice.

In one embodiment it is provided that at least part of the intermediate parts are intermediate plates obtained by sawing cross laminated timber cross-laminated timber panels of the magazine. So can Intermediate plates with a width of the wood panels corresponding width of, for example, 1.25 m are easily made.

After the panels are cross laminated wood panels, the panels and possibly at least part of the intermediate panels are also made of cross laminated timber. Cross-laminated timber is available in the stated dimensions and for the reasons already mentioned in connection with the space cell for use in the present method, are to be produced with the wall components for houses and for example for such space cells, particularly advantageous.

In one embodiment it is provided that at least a part of the intermediate plates or intermediate carrier is provided separately, wherein this part of the intermediate plates are preferably intermediate plates or intermediate carriers made of glued laminated timber or solid construction timber or steel.

In one embodiment it is provided that the connection of the adjacent panels and / or the short panels and / or panels and / or intermediate parts is effected by use of mechanical connection means or by gluing. For example, the elements can be connected by wrapping brackets. Also to be mentioned is a connection by means of screws, with the help of a bumper or with the help of a foreign spring. Alternatively or additionally, the elements can be glued. This is preferable because the potential problem of metal parts at positions where the carpet is to be cut does not occur.

In one embodiment, it is provided that a piece of the carpet is cut off and disposed of when, when sawing it, a cut is to be made at an unauthorized location, such as in the area of a connecting bracket between two panels.

In one embodiment it is provided that cut-off end pieces of the carpet are stored intermediately and reinserted into the carpet at a later time, such as a board plywood board. For example, can by changing the desired room height a change in the carpet height in the process will be necessary. So it may be necessary to cut off an end piece of the carpet. This is then stored and used at the next opportunity, for example, a return to the original carpet height, again as a counterpart to a long panel in the carpet.

In FIG. 5 an exemplary plant layout for carrying out a carpet production method according to the invention for the production of wall components is shown.

The plant includes a truck access area with a magazine 202 directly adjacent thereto. The magazine 202 comprises individual storage areas for pallets with standardized board plywood panels of certain dimensions. Preferably some or all of the storage areas have the same dimensions to accommodate cross laminated timber panels of the same dimensions. For the process according to the invention, only cross-laminated timber panels of the same width are required as the starting material for the overwhelming majority, so that optimal space utilization is achieved with a bearing designed in this way. It can be maintained with limited space required sufficient material. As far as cross laminated wood panels of different thicknesses are needed, they fit into all storage areas regardless of their thicknesses. Suitable dimensions for the cross laminated timber panels include, for example, 1.25 x 10-16 m. Suitable different panel thicknesses are for example 10, 12 or 14 cm. The nature of the panels received in the individual storage areas of the magazine 202, i.e., their thickness and their type of wood, is individually notified or preset to an electronic control unit.

Above the magazine 202, a crane robot is provided in order to be able to lift the panels that are currently required lengthwise onto a supply track 206. At the supply track 206, a precision saw 207 is arranged, with which the panels can be shortened to any length with a maximum error of +/- 1 mm.

Beyond the saw, a main conveyor track 208 and a secondary conveyor track 209 run transversely from the supply track 206 at different branches. Both of these tracks 208 and 209 run in the same direction from the supply track 206. On the basis of a manipulation device, not shown, it is possible to control which of the pieces obtained by sawing the panels reach which of the tracks 208 and 209. In an alternative embodiment of the system can be arranged for the secondary conveyor belt 209 and a separate supply track next to the existing track 206 incl. Precision saw.

In the simplest embodiment of the method, in the saw 207 only panels 210 of a single length are cut out of the panels and guided flush with the width of the main conveyor track 208. There, the panels 210 are pushed together so that their longitudinal edges touch each other. In a connecting machine 211, the adjacent side edges of the panels 210 are then connected to a wooden carpet 212 by mechanical bonding and / or gluing, preferably gluing. Another precision saw 213 then saws the carpet 212 normal to the direction of travel of the web 208 to obtain wood panels having the same height as the panels 210 and the carpet 212, respectively. The width of the wood panels can be freely selected in the saw 213. The saw 213 is designed so that the carpet 212 can be cut with a maximum error of +/- 1 mm in wall panels of any width.

In addition to the saw 221 storage locations not shown are arranged for blending, which may arise, for example, when the wall height, ie carpet height is changed in the context of manufacturing. These blends can be re-fed when changing again. In this simplest version of the process, rectangular wall components made of cross-laminated timber without window or door openings, which correspond to the wall panels.

In a more complex embodiment of the method, shorter pieces 218 are cut out of the panels in the saw 207 and onto the secondary conveying track 209 steered, or alternatively directed by the above described as an alternative, separate supply path to the secondary conveyor track. There, the shorter pieces 218 are combined according to the same principle to a carpet 219 and cut into intermediate plates of any length, as is done for the panels 210 on the main conveyor track 208. For this purpose, a connection machine 221, a precision saw 222 and an offcut storage not shown are also available on the secondary conveyor track 209.

The secondary conveyor track 209 terminates at a transfer track 226, which leads to the main conveyor track 208 and opens at a junction 227 in this. At the junction 227 are already pre-cut wall panels before. Further, a magazine for glulam beams, or alternatively structural logs or steel beams, and a manipulating means are disposed at the junction 227. The manipulation device comprises, in addition to an engagement device for positioning the wall panels, the intermediate plates and the glulam beams or structural solid wood or steel beams and a connecting machine. At the manipulation means intermediate plates and / or equal-width glulam beams or structural solid wood or steel beams are inserted into a gap between two wall panels that touch the adjacent side edges. The different plates are then meachanisch connected or glued together. This is done by connection machine 215.

The result is rectangular wall members 214 made of cross-laminated timber with window or door openings, which are composed of at least two wall panels and at least one intermediate plate and / or a plywood carrier. The intermediate plate typically serves as a parapet and the laminated wood beam as a fall.

The finished wall components, whether with or without window or door openings, then enter a processing area which is arranged at the end of the web. FIG. 6 shows the schematic assembly of an exemplary wall in the carpet process.

In the upper part of the FIG. 6 the wooden carpet 212 located on the main conveyor track 208 is displayed. It consists of individual Brettsperrholztafeln 210a, 210b, etc., all of which have the same nominal width of 1.25 m and glued along the common side edges, for example, glued and / or mechanically, for example, based on metal brackets 240 are connected.

The drawing indicates that the widths of the wooden panels 212 have a certain tolerance. For example, one wooden plate is only 1249 mm wide, while another wooden plate is 1260 mm wide. Tolerances on this scale are quite possible with commercially available cross laminated timber panels and a Maßhaltigkeitsgewinn would be associated with significant additional costs. On the other hand, such and optionally added tolerances in the finished wall components for use in a building in the context of the inventive concept are not tolerable. A significant advantage of the method according to the invention is therefore that when processing in the context of the method according to the invention these tolerances can be compensated in the starting material, since the carpet 212 is anyway divided by the precision saw 213 so that the width of the plates true to the millimeter.

The cutting lines of the precision saw 213 are identified by the reference numeral 241 in the figure. In the present example, the cut lines 241 are such that from the carpet 212 inter alia three plates 214a, 214b and 214c with widths of 1470 mm, 2910 mm and 750 mm are cut out.

In the lower part of the FIG. 6 FIG. 2 shows a finished wall component 230 with two window openings, which consists of the three plates 214a, 214b and 214c, of which, in connection with the upper part of FIG FIG. 6 and two parapets 220a and 220b of plywood and two lintels 229a and 229b of glued laminated timber, each having a width of 1250 mm. The parapets can be as above related FIG. 5 be described in more detail in the carpet process. The falls are related as above FIG. 5 provided and described the use of parapets and falls between the plates as well as their connection to the plates is also as above in connection with FIG. 5 described in more detail.

Claims (7)

Method for the production of wall components for buildings, wherein board plywood panels of a certain width and length are held in a magazine and wherein the panels are sawed transversely to the longitudinal direction in order to obtain board plywood boards of the same width and shorter length,
characterized, that a plurality of panels are placed on a conveyor track transversely to the direction of travel, in such a way that the panels are flush above and below and the side edges of successive panels touch each other; that the panels are connected on the conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides to a cross laminated timber carpet; and that the carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the conveyor track to obtain cross-laminated timber panels of a defined width. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that further intermediate parts are provided and inserted on the conveyor track in gaps previously formed between adjacent plates, the plates and intermediate parts thus arranged being connected to form a wall component. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that in at least part of the column, two intermediate parts are used, wherein an intermediate part at the top and an intermediate part at the bottom of the plates are arranged. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least a part of the intermediate parts are intermediate plates made by sawing cross-sectioned cross-laminated timber-board panels of the magazine in order to obtain cross-plywood short boards of the same width and one compared to the panels To obtain shorter length, that several short plates are placed transversely to the direction of a second conveyor track, in such a way that the short panels are flush top and bottom and the side edges of successive short plates touching each other, that the short plates on the second conveyor along the adjacent longitudinal sides be joined to a second cross-laminated board, and that the second carpet is sawed transversely to the direction of the second conveying path to obtain intermediate plates of a defined width. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it is at least a part of the intermediate parts to intermediate plates, which are obtained by sawing of cross laminated timber board panels of the magazine to the longitudinal direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection of the adjacent panels and / or the Short plates and / or plates and / or intermediate parts by using mechanical fasteners or by bonding takes place. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cut off end pieces of the carpet are stored and re-inserted into the carpet at a later time, such as a board.

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