EP3452773A1 - Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un échangeur de chaleur

Info

Publication number
EP3452773A1
EP3452773A1 EP17731060.4A EP17731060A EP3452773A1 EP 3452773 A1 EP3452773 A1 EP 3452773A1 EP 17731060 A EP17731060 A EP 17731060A EP 3452773 A1 EP3452773 A1 EP 3452773A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
determined
cooling work
cooling
electric motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17731060.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3452773B1 (fr
Inventor
Jens-Werner Kipp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3452773A1 publication Critical patent/EP3452773A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3452773B1 publication Critical patent/EP3452773B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G15/00—Details
    • F28G15/003—Control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2200/00—Prediction; Simulation; Testing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/08—Fluid driving means, e.g. pumps, fans

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a degree of contamination of a heat exchanger and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • Heat exchangers are used in large numbers in the industrial environment and operated in many cases virtually uninterrupted over a long time.
  • the heat exchangers pollute.
  • dirt is introduced into the heat exchanger with a medium to be cooled, in particular air.
  • the dirt settles at the interfaces of the heat exchanger. It reduces or impedes the flow of the medium in the heat exchanger and adversely affects the heat transfer resistance or the efficiency of the heat transfer between a cooling medium and the medium to be cooled.
  • this increases the energy requirement for operation of the heat exchanger.
  • Regular cleaning of the heat exchanger is not usually provided today.
  • the companies or operators of the heat exchanger can make no statements on the degree of pollution of the heat exchanger, the efficiency deterioration due to pollution or at the time of the next scheduled or unscheduled cleaning.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to specify a method for determining a degree of soiling and / or a deterioration in the efficiency of a heat exchanger as a result of contamination.
  • the determination of the pollution or the efficiency change should be done automatically by technical means during normal operation. It is another object of the invention to provide a device for carrying out the method.
  • the inventive method has the features of independent claim 1.
  • the cooling work of an electric motor responsible for the cooling is determined. After completion of the learning operation is in a measuring operation of the method according to the invention in one of the
  • Reference operating situation corresponding operating operating situation determines the cooling work of the same electric motor. After the learning operation and the measuring operation have been carried out, a change in the efficiency of the heat exchanger becomes known in the knowledge of the different cooling work in the measuring mode and in the cooling mode
  • Knowing an average duration of a cleaning of the heat exchanger and typical costs for cleaning the heat exchanger can then be determined whether the continued operation of the dirty heat exchanger is economically less advantageous than performing a cleaning of the heat exchanger.
  • the downtimes of the heat exchanger and the production failure associated with stopping the heat exchanger can be taken into account.
  • the learning operation is carried out once, while the measurement operation is carried out recurrently.
  • the learning operation once after performing a cleaning or in the
  • the measuring operation is
  • the cooling work for the electric motor in the learning mode and in the measuring operation is determined by the active power
  • Active power or the motor current of the electric motor can be relatively easily detected and used to determine an electrical power consumption of the electric motor. From the power consumption results over the time taken by the electric motor in a detection time interval cooling work.
  • the acquisition time interval can be selected to be the same size in the learning mode and in the measurement mode or dimensioned differently.
  • a working operating situation may be the same as a reference operating situation, for example with regard to the temperature, the pressure and the volume flow of the medium to be cooled.
  • the values of the cooling work determined by means of interpolation of the values determined for at least two stored in the data storage operating situations, the change in efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the at least two reference operating situations considered for the interpolation can be included in the determination of the value in the same or different weighting
  • the device comprises, in particular, a central measuring device and a plurality of heat exchangers, wherein a plurality of sensors associated with the heat exchangers are connected to the central measuring device and wherein the sensors associated with a single heat exchanger cooperate with a central processing unit computing unit and a data storage device of the central measuring device such that for each individual Heat exchanger separated a occurring due to pollution efficiency change by comparing the
  • Heat exchanger and stored in the data memory value of the cooling work of the same heat exchanger in a purified reference operating state is compared.
  • the central measuring device may in particular be provided remote from the location of at least individual heat exchangers. A time for performing a cleaning can be determined individually for each viewing heat exchanger.
  • a decentralized control module is provided for each individual heat exchanger.
  • the sensors associated with the individual heat exchangers are then preferably connected to the decentralized control module.
  • the decentralized control module is connected to the central measuring device via a data line, in particular a data bus.
  • the characteristics determined by means of the sensors can be determined by the decentralized control module can be collected or aggregated and validated.
  • the values determined during the learning operation for the individual heat exchanger for the cooling work in a data memory of the decentralized
  • Control modules can be assigned to the data memory for the determined during the learning operation cooling work of the electric motor of the central measuring device.
  • the principle of monitoring the energy-converting processes is broad. It can, for example, the
  • Power consumption of an electric motor are monitored, which drives a propeller to provide an air flow.
  • an electric pump provided for circulating a gas or a liquid can be monitored.
  • the circulating medium can be used to heat or cool a
  • Heat exchanger supplied useful volume flow can be provided.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to fin heat exchangers in which the increasing engine power of the fan is evaluated. Similarly, it can be in tube bundle, plate, countercurrent, DC and
  • the principle of the monitoring of the energy-converting processes on which the method according to the invention is based is extended beyond the monitoring of electric motors.
  • any other energy sources can be monitored for their current account.
  • the energy consumption of the evaluation unit for example, prepared for
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger to which the
  • FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention with a central measuring device and a plurality of heat exchangers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 to which a medium to be cooled is fed via a first fluid channel 2 and a coolant via a coolant circuit 3.
  • the coolant circuit 3 is associated with a coolant pump 4, which is operated by a responsible for cooling electric motor 5.
  • the circulated in the coolant circuit 3 coolant has a coolant temperature T k .
  • the medium to be cooled, which is guided via the fluid channel 2 is the heat exchanger 1 with an input temperature T, fed and discharged at an output temperature T 0 .
  • the active power P M and the cooling power P K are determined.
  • the active power PM in particular the motor current i, the voltage u and the phase are determined.
  • the cooling work J R of the electric motor 5 responsible for the cooling is initially determined in a learning mode in a cleaned reference operating state of the heat exchanger 1 for at least one and preferably for a plurality of reference operating situations, and the values determined in this way are stored in a data memory. Furthermore, at a later date in a cooling operation J B of the electric motor in a working operation situation determined by a measuring operation of the heat exchanger 1, which is characterized in that the heat exchanger has a different, especially higher degree of contamination than in the learning mode.
  • the working operating situation corresponds in particular to at least one reference operating situation.
  • a difference between a value of the cooling work J B in the measuring operation and a value of the cooling work J R in the learning operation is inferred from a change of an efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the values for the cooling work J B in the measuring operation and for the cooling work J R in the learning operation are determined after the heat exchanger 1 is in a quasi-static or stationary operating state after a reaction time, which thereby
  • the electric motor 5 has a constant power consumption, that the temperatures ⁇ ,, T 0 of the medium to be cooled before and after the energy conversion are constant and that the coolant temperature T k is constant.
  • Each heat exchanger 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 is assigned a decentralized control module 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4.
  • the decentralized control module 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 each individual heat exchanger 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 cooperates with a number of sensors, not shown, which serve in particular to the
  • the decentralized control module 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 via a data bus 8 with the
  • the measured values determined by the sensors be processed in the decentralized control module 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, for example, digitized and filtered, cached or the like and to determine the changes in efficiency over the data bus 8 to the
  • the central measuring device 6 transmitted.
  • the central measuring device 6 determines by means of a computing unit, not shown, the cooling work J B in the current
  • Central measuring device 6 stored values for the cooling work J R of the electric motor 5 in the purified reference operating state of the heat exchanger. 1
  • a volume flow V of the medium to be cooled through the fluid channel 2 of the heat exchanger 1 for the application of the measuring principle remains constant or at least approximately constant.
  • the volume flow of the medium to be cooled through the fluid channel 2 is preferably not detected.
  • a constant pressure of the medium to be cooled is not detected.
  • the volume flow and a pressure of the medium to be cooled may vary. It is then intended to detect the variables and to take into account in the determination of the cooling work J R , J B.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 show alternative embodiments in which fluid channels 2 of a heat exchanger 1 are provided in a liquid bath 10 and are flowed through by the medium to be cooled.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is designed as a tube bundle heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plate heat exchanger.
  • the liquid provided in the liquid bath 10 is tempered via an operating unit 9.
  • a gas burner may be provided, which is monitored with regard to its consumption data for evaluating an energy balance of the heat exchanger in the reference operating situation and the operating situation and for determining the degree of contamination.
  • Identical components and component functions are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • T temperature of the medium to be cooled before the energy conversion

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de surveillance du degré d'encrassement d'un échangeur de chaleur, comprenant un mode apprentissage dans lequel, lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur est dans un état de fonctionnement de référence nettoyé, l'activité de refroidissement d'un moteur électrique assurant le refroidissement est déterminée pour au moins une situation de fonctionnement de référence et mémorisée dans une mémoire de données, et un mode mesure dans lequel l'activité de refroidissement du moteur électrique est déterminée dans une situation de fonctionnement de travail correspondant à la ou aux situations de fonctionnement de référence. Une fois le mode apprentissage et le mode mesure exécutés, une modification du rendement de l'échangeur de chaleur est déduite de la différence entre une valeur de l'activité de refroidissement en mode mesure et une valeur de l'activité de refroidissement en mode apprentissage.
EP17731060.4A 2016-05-03 2017-04-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la supervision d'un échangeur de chaleur Active EP3452773B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016108209.0A DE102016108209A1 (de) 2016-05-03 2016-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Wärmetauschers
PCT/DE2017/100330 WO2017190729A1 (fr) 2016-05-03 2017-04-24 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un échangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3452773A1 true EP3452773A1 (fr) 2019-03-13
EP3452773B1 EP3452773B1 (fr) 2020-11-25

Family

ID=59077778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17731060.4A Active EP3452773B1 (fr) 2016-05-03 2017-04-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la supervision d'un échangeur de chaleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3452773B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016108209A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2837145T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017190729A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110806328B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-04-20 青岛大学 一种桌面型自供水热交换器性能测试装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5226285A (en) * 1989-12-18 1993-07-13 Danhard, Inc. Self-cleaning heat exchanger fan assembly and controls
JP2002317919A (ja) * 2001-04-19 2002-10-31 Kubota Corp 熱交換装置
EP2128551A1 (fr) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Surveillance d'échangeurs thermiques dans des systèmes de conduites de processus
JP4838870B2 (ja) * 2009-04-28 2011-12-14 三菱重工業株式会社 伝熱管監視装置
DE102014204718B4 (de) * 2014-03-13 2023-06-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Erkennung der Verschmutzung eines Kühlers oder eines den Kühler versorgenden Luftpfades
US9625223B2 (en) * 2014-08-18 2017-04-18 Atieva, Inc. Self-cleaning fan assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017190729A1 (fr) 2017-11-09
DE102016108209A1 (de) 2017-11-09
EP3452773B1 (fr) 2020-11-25
ES2837145T3 (es) 2021-06-29

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