EP3448783B1 - Device for preventing the floating of tanks in protective constructions in the event of flooding - Google Patents
Device for preventing the floating of tanks in protective constructions in the event of flooding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3448783B1 EP3448783B1 EP17722696.6A EP17722696A EP3448783B1 EP 3448783 B1 EP3448783 B1 EP 3448783B1 EP 17722696 A EP17722696 A EP 17722696A EP 3448783 B1 EP3448783 B1 EP 3448783B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- protective structure
- protective
- valve
- shut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
Definitions
- This invention relates to a device for preventing the floating of a tank within its protective structure in the event of a flood, in order to create a flood-proof tank and to prevent damage to the lines of the tank and to the structure.
- Heating oil tanks are installed according to the regulations in a collecting basin made of concrete, so that in the event of a leak, no oil can leak into the ground and, above all, not into the groundwater. With all new systems from January 1st, 1999, it must be ensured that a possible leak can be detected as quickly as possible and that any oil that escapes cannot penetrate into the ground or enter a body of water. Experts call this tank construction measure “easy recognition and restraint”.
- a safety valve is opened, according to which water can enter the tank from the protective structure and hydrostatic compensation occurs.
- DE 10 2009 053803 a solution, according to which the storage container is executed in a structurally self-contained structure for any storage volume with a tear-resistant and flexible inner shell made of preferably highly flexible plastic.
- the filling and tapping lines have shut-off valves, which are operated via a water sensor probe. Filling or withdrawing fluid is not possible as soon as the water sensor probe responds, as explained in section [0017].
- the water sensor probe is advantageously mounted in such a way that it triggers at the same water level as the actuation device for the flood valve.
- the solution after EP 1 661 825 also requires a sensor as mentioned in [0004], which registers an increased water level in the installation space of the container and subsequently closes control valves safely.
- the DE 199 25 212 A1 works with a check valve, which allows water to enter the tank when the water level rises when a pressure difference threshold between the inside and outside of the tank is exceeded.
- the solution after DE 10 2006 033524 A1 also works with a sensor that registers an elevated water level in the installation room.
- the various solutions are partly implemented with electrical sensors or with floats and therefore correspondingly complex to implement.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a protective device for preventing the floating of a tank in its protective structure in the event of a flood, ie when water penetrates into the protective structure.
- This protective device is intended to be able to effectively avoid large damage which otherwise occurs.
- This device should be particularly simple, inexpensive and safe, and should also be able to be subsequently implemented on protective structures and their tanks.
- a protective device for preventing the floating of a tank in its associated protective structure in the event of a flood, the protective structure having a floor, a ceiling and walls adjoining the tank on all sides, and wherein a feed pipe in the lowest area of the tank opens, which is normally closed by means of a controllable shut-off valve, with a transmission device being provided, by means of which the lifting valve can be opened by means of the buoyancy forces generated with minimal floating, so that water can flow into the tank through the shut-off valve for Balancing the hydrostatic Pressure inside and outside the tank and thus to prevent further floating of the tank within its protective structure, and which is characterized in that the protective device includes struts for the tank within its protective structure, for all-round lateral support of the tank on the walls of its protective structure, longitudinally displaceable Push-button supports on the tank, for the mechanical loading of a stationary stop when the tank floats slightly, and that the transmission device is a purely mechanical transmission device, consisting of
- Heating oil tanks are usually in basements, i.e. in so-called tank rooms, also called protective structures.
- a manhole is made at a defined height in the wall of the tank room so that the tank room is accessible.
- Such a tank room only has to be tight up to such a height and thus act as a collecting trough so that the entire tank content can be taken up. Above this height, it is not tight and, for example, in the event of a flood or a water pipe rupture above the tank room, water can penetrate through leaky or wet masonry, through leaky or broken windows or through the ceiling.
- the tank space or the protective structure functionally forms a system boundary, with influences from outside, outside and at the system boundary being distinguished.
- An outside influence is the ingress of flooding into the tank room or the protective structure.
- An external influence is given if oil leaks from the heating oil tank into the tank room or the protective structure.
- the impact of the tank on the walls of the tank room or the protective structure can be described as an influence at the system boundary itself.
- Such an attachment can take place on the side of the walls, on the top of the ceiling or also on the floor below, because the tanks are not directly on the floor of the tank room, but on steel H-beams of about 10 cm in height.
- the fill levels vary between empty and up to about 95% full, with the maximum fill volume usually being between 10,000 and 150,000 liters.
- These tanks are steel tanks that are free standing the approx. 10cm high, lying H-beams are parked on the floor of the tank room and can therefore float when water penetrates into the tank room or into the protective structure. In order to secure the tank inside the tank room, it is supported on all sides on the adjacent side walls of the tank room by means of struts.
- the Figure 1 shows a tank room or a protective structure 8, the ceiling of which is not shown in order to reveal the view inside, and a steel tank 1 located therein is shown in an overall view, seen in perspective from obliquely above. An end wall 9 of the tank space 8 is also shown cut away to reveal the view inside.
- the steel tank 1 stands on two H-beams 2, which are located at the bottom of the tank space and which are about 10 cm high and only one of which is visible here.
- the tank 1 is braced against all inner walls of the tank space 8 by means of struts 3, 4.
- a frame 5 with two longitudinal profiles 6 and two transverse struts 7 running thereon is mounted on the side walls of the tank space 8.
- Such a frame 5 is only necessary if the ceiling of the tank room 8 is weak and not very strong. Such a frame 5 can be dispensed with in normal floor slabs.
- a longitudinally adjustable key support 11 At the four corners of the tank 1 there is a longitudinally adjustable key support 11, which is directed towards the top and ends a few cm away from the frame 5 or, if none is necessary, from the ceiling.
- the protective device for flood protection On the front side of the steel tank 1 visible here, the protective device for flood protection can be seen, which includes a transmission device 10 for transmitting a buoyancy force into a force for actuating the crank to a check valve 24, as will be described in more detail.
- FIG 2 an upper corner of the tank 1 is shown as a cutout, with a view of the front wall.
- a profile guide 29 from which a touch support 11 protrudes upwards.
- This touch support can be changed lengthwise, in the example shown, by carrying a height-adjustable support plate 13, for example with a threaded rod 31, at the end of which the support plate 13 is mounted.
- the threaded rod 31 is secured in its rotational position with a lock nut.
- the length of the key support 11 can be adjusted so that the Support plate 13 ends a few cm in front of the profile 7 or on the ceiling of the protective structure 8.
- two horizontal struts 3, 4 which run at right angles to one another are displaceably guided and they can be braced with the profile guide 29 in any displacement position.
- a roller 12 is mounted, which rolls in the vertical direction on the wall of the protective structure 8.
- the other strut 3 running at right angles to this strut 4 is constructed in exactly the same way. If the tank 1 begins to float within the protective structure 8 as a result of a rising water level, it is nevertheless guided along all the inner walls of the tank space 8 in this way. After a few cm of floating, the support plate 13 strikes the profile 7.
- the Figure 3 shows a tank corner seen from above, in a plan view. Here you can see the two intersecting at right angles profiles or struts 3,4 for the lateral support of the tank 1 on the inner walls of the protective structure 8 or tank room, each with an end-mounted roller 12 that can roll along the solder on the wall ,
- the Figure 4 shows an enlarged section of the Figure 1 , Here you can see one of the H-profiles 2 on which the steel tank 1 stands. There is therefore a free space of approx. 10 cm under the steel tank 1.
- the tank 1 is braced against the inner walls of the tank space 8 on all sides and is thus secured against slipping or tilting sideways.
- These struts 3, 4 each carry a roller 12 at their end directed against the inner wall of the tank space 8, these rollers 12 being oriented such that they run on the inner walls of the tank space 8 in the vertical direction - or perpendicularly or in this direction can roll on the inner wall.
- a vertical key support 11 is positioned above the profile guides 29, in which the horizontally extending struts 3, 4 are fastened in a horizontally adjustable manner. They can thus be adapted in length to each tank space 8, so that their end rollers 12 touch the tank space wall.
- the vertical touch supports 11, however, carry a support plate 13 at their upper end, which is at a distance of a few centimeters below the longitudinal profiles 6 of the frame 5 or end below on the ceiling and therefore deliberately leave a distance to this frame 5 or the ceiling.
- the transmission device 10 is now described below, that is to say how a buoyancy force generated by the tank 1 leads to the closing of the shut-off valve 24.
- a balance beam 16 In the middle of the balance beam 16 leads - hingedly connected to it, a support strut 17 upwards and with its upper end it is pivotably connected to the cross strut 7 or, if appropriate, to the ceiling of the tank room.
- a push rod 18 is articulated and this leads downwards along the front of the tank 1 to a crank 19, to which it is connected in an articulated manner, as will become clear from a further picture .
- a pipe 20 leads there via two bends from the outside and below into the inside of the tank and is carried and secured by the mounting plate 27 on the outside of the tank.
- the Figure 5 shows this tube 20 with its two bends 21, 22 in an enlarged view. As can be seen, it forms a suction mouth 23, which is arranged below the underside of the tank 1. Starting from this suction mouth 23, the pipe 20 first leads around the bend 21 into an openable and closable shut-off valve 24. After that, the pipe 20 continues through a check valve 25, which can only be passed from liquid to liquid in the direction from left to right, but never in the opposite direction. This means that oil can never flow from the tank into the tank room 1. A leakage warning system monitors the space in the pipe 20 between the check valve 24 and the check valve 25. Finally, the pipe 20 leads via the bend 22 through the flange 26 into the interior of the tank 1.
- the Figure 6 shows a section with the push rod 18 and the crank 19 which it rotates.
- the crank 19 comprises a crank axis 28, which is shown enlarged on the left.
- the support 14 with the upwardly projecting rod with an end joint 15 to which the balance beam 16 is articulated.
- the balance beam 16 articulated Support strut 17 upwards and with its upper end it is pivotally connected to the cross strut 7, which in turn rests on the ceiling of the tank room or, if appropriate, the ceiling of the tank room.
- the push rod 18 leads down to the crank 19, with which it is articulated.
- the oil-water mixture then in the tank can be pumped out and the water can be separated using known methods.
- the empty tank is professionally cleaned, checked and repaired if necessary, and then the oil can be pumped back into the tank.
- the check valve 24 can be opened and closed.
- An electrical design variant includes an electrical distance sensor for measuring the distance between the tank top and the ceiling of the protective structure. It is equipped with an electrical shut-off valve 24 in the tube 20 and with an electrical, programmable logic controller SPS of the electric shut-off valve 24, so that when the distance between the tank surface and the ceiling of the protective structure falls below an adjustable distance, the shut-off valve 24 opens electrically and otherwise keeps it closed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
Diese Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Verhinderung des Aufschwimmens eines Tanks innerhalb seines Schutzbauwerkes im Hochwasserfall, um damit einen Hochwasser-gesicherten Tank zu schaffen und um Schäden an den Leitungen des Tanks sowie am Bauwerk zu verhindern. Heizöltanks werden nach Vorschrift in einer Auffangwanne aus Beton verbaut, damit im Falle einer Leckage kein Öl in den Grund und vor allem nicht in das Grundwasser auslaufen kann. Bei sämtlichen Neuanlagen ab dem 1. Januar 1999 muss sichergestellt sein, dass ein allfälliges Leck möglichst rasch erkannt werden kann und dass allfällig ausfliessendes Öl nicht ins Erdreich eindringen oder in ein Gewässer gelangen kann. In Fachkreisen nennt man diese tankbauliche Massnahme «Leichtes Erkennen und Zurückhalten». Das «Leichte Erkennen und Zurückhalten» von Flüssigkeitsverlusten wird folgendermassen realisiert: Freistehende Tanks stehen in einer Auffangwanne aus Kunststoff oder Metall oder in einem dichten Schutzbauwerk aus Beton. Erdverlegte Tanks verfügen über Doppelwände, die automatisch auf Lecks überwacht werden. Ein Schutzbauwerk ist nur für Notfälle vorgesehen. Vereinzelte Risse lassen sich deshalb mit einfachen Mitteln genügend reparieren. Eine teure Sanierung, das heisst eine vollflächige Abdichtung ist nur in seltenen Fällen nötig und bedarf einer Bewilligung des Kantons oder ist dem Kanton zu melden. Änderungen von Tankanlagen sind generell bewilligungs- oder meldepflichtig.This invention relates to a device for preventing the floating of a tank within its protective structure in the event of a flood, in order to create a flood-proof tank and to prevent damage to the lines of the tank and to the structure. Heating oil tanks are installed according to the regulations in a collecting basin made of concrete, so that in the event of a leak, no oil can leak into the ground and, above all, not into the groundwater. With all new systems from January 1st, 1999, it must be ensured that a possible leak can be detected as quickly as possible and that any oil that escapes cannot penetrate into the ground or enter a body of water. Experts call this tank construction measure “easy recognition and restraint”. The "easy detection and retention" of liquid losses is realized as follows: Freestanding tanks are located in a collecting tray made of plastic or metal or in a tight protective structure made of concrete. Underground tanks have double walls that are automatically monitored for leaks. A protective structure is only intended for emergencies. Scattered cracks can therefore be repaired sufficiently with simple means. An expensive renovation, that is, a full area Sealing is only necessary in rare cases and requires approval from the canton or must be reported to the canton. Changes to tank systems are generally subject to approval or notification.
Aber nicht nur eine mögliche Leckage eines Tanks ist ein Gefahrenpotential. Im Leckagefall muss eine Auffangwanne auslaufendes Öl auffangen und dicht sein, um ihre Funktion zu erfüllen. Andererseits, im Falle eines Ansteigens des Grundwasserspiegels oder im Fall einer Hochwasserkatastrophe, wenn Wasser auch in das Schutzbauwerk einströmt, entwickelt der darin stehende Tank als Auftriebskörper innerhalb seines Schutzbauwerks enorme Auftriebskräfte. Die Auftriebskraft entspricht dabei dem Gewicht der verdrängten Flüssigkeit. Wenn ein Tank von zum Beispiel 5m Länge und 2m Breite einen Meter tief im Wasser steht, so ergibt sich ein Auftrieb von 100kN (ca. 10 Tonnen), was sein Gewicht, das heisst sein Eigengewicht plus jenes seines Inhaltes wesentlich übersteigt, wenn er leer oder mit einem Pegel von weniger als einem Meter mit Öl gefüllt ist. Diese Auftriebskraft vermag in Hochwasserfällen den Tank in der Auffangwanne anzuheben, wenn darin das Wasser genügend hoch steigt. Bei einem Anheben des Tanks innerhalb des Schutzbauwerkes werden in der Folge die Anschlussleitungen beschädigt oder gar abgeschert oder abgerissen und sie werden undicht. Der Tankinhalt läuft aus, sobald der Pegel im Schutzbauwerk wieder sinkt, was meistens beträchtliche Folgeschäden bewirkt, bis hin zu einer Grundwasserverschmutzung. Auch am Gebäude werden in diesem Fall oftmals erhebliche Schäden durch den aufschwimmenden Tank verursacht, indem dieser an die Decke des Schutzbauwerkes stösst und diese beschädigt, was gar zu Einstürzen von Wänden führen kann, die auf dieser Decke stehen. Um ein solches Aufschwimmen zu vermeiden, wird nach der Lehre des Standes der Technik im Hochwasserfall, das heisst bei hinreichend gestiegenem Pegel im Innern des Schutzbauwerkes, ein Sicherheitsventil geöffnet, wonach Wasser vom Schutzbauwerk in den Tank einlaufen kann und es zu einem hydrostatischen Ausgleich kommt. Im Stand der Technik zeigt
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Schutzvorrichtung zur Verhinderung des Aufschwimmens eines Tanks in seinem Schutzbauwerk im Hochwasserfall zu schaffen, wenn also Wasser in das Schutzbauwerk eindringt. Mit dieser Schutzvorrichtung sollen sonst grosse entstehende Schäden wirksam vermieden werden können. Diese Vorrichtung soll besonders einfach, kostengünstig und sicher wirksam sein, und auch nachträglich an Schutzbauwerken und ihren Tanks realisiert werden können.The object of the present invention is to provide a protective device for preventing the floating of a tank in its protective structure in the event of a flood, ie when water penetrates into the protective structure. This protective device is intended to be able to effectively avoid large damage which otherwise occurs. This device should be particularly simple, inexpensive and safe, and should also be able to be subsequently implemented on protective structures and their tanks.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst von einer Schutzvorrichtung gemäß einer der nebengeordneten Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zur Verhinderung des Aufschwimmens eines Tankes in seinem zugehörigen Schutzbauwerk im Hochwasserfall, wobei das Schutzbauwerk einen Boden, eine Decke sowie allseits an den Tank angrenzende Wände aufweist, und wobei ein Zufuhrrohr in den untersten Bereich des Tankes mündet, welches im Normalfall mittels eines steuerbaren Sperrventils verschlossen ist, wobei eine Übertragungsvorrichtung vorhanden ist, durch die mittels der bei einem minimalen Aufschwimmen entstehenden Auftriebskräfte das Sperrventil öffnenbar ist, sodass Wasser durch das Sperrventil in den Tank einströmen kann, zum Ausgleich des hydrostatischen Druckes innerhalb und ausserhalb des Tanks und somit zum Verhindern eines weiteren Aufschwimmens des Tankes innerhalb seines Schutzbauwerkes, und die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Schutzvorrichtung Streben für den Tank innerhalb seines Schutzbauwerkes einschliesst, zur allseitigen seitlichen Abstützung des Tankes an den Wänden seines Schutzbauwerkes, längsverschiebbare Taststützen am Tank, zur mechanischen Beaufschlagung eines stationären Anschlages bei geringem Aufschwimmen des Tankes, sowie dass die Übertragungsvorrichtung eine rein mechanische Übertragungsvorrichtung ist, bestehend aus einem Waagebalken, dessen eines Ende auf einer Stütze auf der Tankoberseite ruht, dessen Mitte an einem zum Schutzbauwerk stationären Profil gelenkig abgestützt oder aufgehängt ist, und dessen anderes Ende mit einer Schubstange gelenkig verbunden ist, welche mit ihrem anderen Ende an das Ende einer Kurbel angelenkt ist, mit deren Drehwelle das Sperrventil öffnen- und schliessbar ist.The object is achieved by a protective device according to one of the
Anhand der Zeichnungen wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung vorgestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung werden die einzelnen Komponenten beschrieben und ihre Funktion sowie die Gesamtfunktion der Vorrichtung wird erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the device is presented on the basis of the drawings, and the individual components are described in the following description, and their function and the overall function of the device are explained.
Es zeigt:
- Figur 1:
- Die Vorrichtung anhand eines perspektivischen Ausschnittes eines Schutzbauwerks mit der daran verbauten Schutzvorrichtung;
- Figur 2:
- Die seitliche Führung des Tankes an einer Schutzbauwerkwand sowie die Taststütze oben auf dem Tank in einem Aufriss gesehen;
- Figur 3:
- Die seitliche Führung des Tankes an zwei rechtwinklig zueinander stehenden Schutzbauwerkwänden in einem Grundriss gesehen;
- Figur 4:
- Die Schutzvorrichtung mit allen ihren Komponenten in einer vergrösserten perspektivischen Ansicht, mit teilweise aufgeschnittener Schutzbauwerk-Wand;
- Figur 5:
- Das Zulaufrohr mit Mündung in den untersten Bereich der Tankseitenwand, sowie mit einem automatisch betätigbaren Sperrventil und einem Rückschlagventil;
- Figur 6:
- Den Mechanismus zur Betätigung des Sperrventils durch das Anheben des Tanks.
- Figure 1:
- The device based on a perspective section of a protective structure with the protective device installed thereon;
- Figure 2:
- The lateral guidance of the tank on a protective structure wall and the tactile support on top of the tank seen in an elevation;
- Figure 3:
- The lateral guidance of the tank seen on two protective walls at right angles to each other in a floor plan;
- Figure 4:
- The protection device with all its components in an enlarged perspective view, with a partially cut away Protection building wall;
- Figure 5:
- The inlet pipe with mouth in the lowest area of the tank side wall, as well as with an automatically operated shut-off valve and a check valve;
- Figure 6:
- The mechanism for operating the shut-off valve by lifting the tank.
Heizöltanks stehen meist in Kellerräumen, das heisst in sogenanten Tankräumen, auch Schutzbauwerke genannt. In einer definierte Höhe in der Wand des Tankraumes ist ein Mannloch eingebracht, sodass der Tankraum begehbar ist. Ein solcher Tankraum muss nur bis zu einer solchen Höhe dicht und somit als Auffangwanne wirken, damit der gesamte Tankinhalt aufgenommen werden kann. Über dieser Höhe ist er nicht dicht und es kann somit, zum Beispiel im Falle eines Hochwassers oder eines oberhalb des Tankraums stattfindenden Wasserrohrbruchs Wasser durch undichtes oder durchnässtes Mauerwerk, durch undichte oder eingeschlagene Fenster oder durch die Decke eindringen. Für die vorliegende Schutzvorrichtung bildet der Tankraum bzw. das Schutzbauwerk funktionell eine Systemgrenze, wobei Einflüsse von aussen, nach aussen, und an der Systemgrenze zu unterscheiden sind. Ein Einfluss von aussen ist das Eindringen von Hochwasser in den Tankraum oder das Schutzbauwerk. Ein Einfluss nach aussen ist dann gegeben, wenn durch eine Leckage Öl aus dem Heizöltank in den Tankraum bzw. das Schutzbauwerk ausläuft. Als Einfluss an der Systemgrenze selbst kann man das Anschlagen des Tanks an den Wänden des Tankraumes bzw. des Schutzbauwerkes bezeichnen. Ein solches Anschlagen kann seitlich an den Wänden erfolgen, oben an der Decke oder auch unten auf den Boden, denn die Tanks stehen nicht direkt auf dem Boden des Tankraumes, sondern auf Stahl-H-Trägern von etwa 10cm Höhe.Heating oil tanks are usually in basements, i.e. in so-called tank rooms, also called protective structures. A manhole is made at a defined height in the wall of the tank room so that the tank room is accessible. Such a tank room only has to be tight up to such a height and thus act as a collecting trough so that the entire tank content can be taken up. Above this height, it is not tight and, for example, in the event of a flood or a water pipe rupture above the tank room, water can penetrate through leaky or wet masonry, through leaky or broken windows or through the ceiling. For the present protective device, the tank space or the protective structure functionally forms a system boundary, with influences from outside, outside and at the system boundary being distinguished. An outside influence is the ingress of flooding into the tank room or the protective structure. An external influence is given if oil leaks from the heating oil tank into the tank room or the protective structure. The impact of the tank on the walls of the tank room or the protective structure can be described as an influence at the system boundary itself. Such an attachment can take place on the side of the walls, on the top of the ceiling or also on the floor below, because the tanks are not directly on the floor of the tank room, but on steel H-beams of about 10 cm in height.
Im Innern des Tanks befindet sich Heizöl. Die Füllstände variieren zwischen leer und bis etwa 95% voll, wobei sich das maximale Füllvolumen meist zwischen 10'000 und 150'000 Litern bewegt. Diese Tanks sind Stahltanks, die freistehend auf den ca. 10cm hohen, liegenden H-Trägern am Boden des Tankraumes abgestellt sind und daher aufschwimmen können, wenn Wasser in den Tankraum bzw. in das Schutzbauwerk eindringt. Um den Tank im Innern des Tankraums zu sichern, wird er an allen Seiten an den benachbarten Seitenwänden des Tankraums mittels Streben abgestützt.There is heating oil inside the tank. The fill levels vary between empty and up to about 95% full, with the maximum fill volume usually being between 10,000 and 150,000 liters. These tanks are steel tanks that are free standing the approx. 10cm high, lying H-beams are parked on the floor of the tank room and can therefore float when water penetrates into the tank room or into the protective structure. In order to secure the tank inside the tank room, it is supported on all sides on the adjacent side walls of the tank room by means of struts.
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Die
Die
Die Funktion dieser Konstruktion ist nun die folgende: Sollte infolge eines Hochwassers oder aus irgendwelchen anderen Gründen Wasser in das Innere des Tankraums 1 eintreten und der Wasserstand in demselben ansteigen, so dringt das Wasser von der Rohrmündung 23 aus in das Rohr 20 und an das im Normalfall geschlossene Ventil 24. Steigt der Wasserstand weiter hoch, über die Unterseite des Tanks 1 hinaus, so entwickelt dieser einen Auftrieb. Sobald sein Auftrieb grösser wird als sein Gesamtgewicht, das heisst das Eigengewicht des Tankes plus das Gewicht seines Inhaltes, so schwimmt er auf und wird unweigerlich von seinen H-Stützprofilen, über die er lose auf dem Boden aufliegt, abgehoben. Dabei wird er aber von den seitlichen Streben 3,4 zuverlässig längs der Tankraumwände geführt, sodass er in keiner Richtung verkanten kann. Mit seiner Aufwärtsbewegung aber stösst die Stütze 14 mit ihrem endseitigen Gelenk 15 das dortige Ende des Waagebalkens 16 nach oben. Weil der Waagebalken 16 in seiner Mitte in der Höhe unverschiebbar über die Stützstreben 17 an der Decke bzw. am Profil 7 abgestützt ist, kann sich der Waagebalken 16 in seiner mittigen Lagerung 30 nicht nach aufwärts bewegen. Daher wirkt er als Waagebalken bzw. als Hebel und sein anderes Ende wird nach unten geschwenkt. Damit aber wird die Schubstange 18 nach unten geschoben und wirkt auf die Kubel 19, welche in der Folge die Kurbelachse 28 verdreht. Dieses Verdrehen bewirkt die Öffnung des Sperrventils 24. Ab sofort kann nun Wasser von aussen durch das Sperrventil 24 und durch das Rückschlagventil 25 in das Innere des Tankes 1 eindringen und einen Gewichtsausgleich schaffen, sodass kein weiterer Auftrieb mehr entstehen kann. Der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Ventil 24 und dem Rückschlagventil 25 wird ausserdem von einem Leckage-Warngerät überwacht. Dieses löst sofort einen Alarm aus, wenn eine der folgenden Situationen eintritt:
- a)
Das Ventil 24 ist undicht, bzw. es dringt Wasser von aussendurch das Ventil 24 ein, ohne dass das beabsichtigt ist, - b) Es dringt Wasser von aussen
durch das Ventil 24 ein, es geöffnet wurde. - c)
Das Rückschlagventil 25 ist undicht. - d) Es dringt Wasser durch die Rohrleitung 20 in den Tank ein.
- e) Bei einem Stromausfall.
- a) The
valve 24 is leaking or water is penetrating from the outside through thevalve 24, without this being intended, - b) Water penetrates from outside through
valve 24, it has been opened. - c) The
check valve 25 is leaking. - d) Water penetrates through the
pipeline 20 into the tank. - e) In the event of a power failure.
In einem Hochwasserfall kann höchstens noch Wasser in den Tank eindringen, aber der Tank selbst kann innerhalb des Schutzraumes 8 keine Schäden anrichten und auch seine Anschlüsse bleiben intakt und dicht. Sobald der Wasserpegel im Schutzbauwerk 8 wieder gesunken ist, wird durch den gleichen Mechanismus das Sperrventil 24 wieder geschlossen und der Tank senkt sich schliesslich komplett wieder auf die H-Träger ab. Der Tank setzt sich aber nicht nur dann ab, wenn das Hochwasser wieder sinkt, sondern ebenfalls, wenn das Druckniveau bzw. die Auftriebs- und Gewichtskraft ausgeglichen sind. Dies geschieht auf Grund des Dichteunterschiedes wegen der Stahlkomponenten des Tanks 1. Wenn das Hochwasser nicht mehr steigt, füllt sich der Tank 1 so lange, bis er sich wieder setzt und somit das Absperrventil 24 geschlossen wird.In the event of a flood, at most water can penetrate into the tank, but the tank itself cannot cause any damage within the
Das dann im Tank befindliche Öl-Wasser-Gemisch kann abgepumpt werden, und das Wasser kann mit bekannten Methoden abgeschieden werden. Der leere Tank wird professionell gereinigt, geprüft und nötigenfalls wieder instand gesetzt, und hernach kann das Öl wieder zurück in den Tank gepumpt werden.The oil-water mixture then in the tank can be pumped out and the water can be separated using known methods. The empty tank is professionally cleaned, checked and repaired if necessary, and then the oil can be pumped back into the tank.
Diese beschriebene Konstruktion der Schutzvorrichtung funktioniert rein mechanisch - ist also von einer Stromquelle unabhängig - was ihren besonderen Vorteil ausmacht, neben der Einfachheit und Robustheit der Ausführung. Alternative Ausführungen können mechanisch-hydraulisch oder elektrisch realisiert werden. Eine solche Variante funktioniert zum Beispiel mit einer mechanisch-hydraulischen Übertragungsvorrichtung. Sie besteht aus einer Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit, deren eines Ende auf der Tankoberseite ruht, und dessen anderes Ende direkt oder mittelbar über ein Profil an der Decke des Schutzbauwerkes anschlägt. Diese Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit ist sodann über einen Hydraulikschlauch mit einer weiteren hydraulischen Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit verbunden, deren eines Ende am Tank montiert ist, und deren anderes Ende an einer Kurbel angelenkt ist, mit derenThis described construction of the protective device works purely mechanically - is therefore independent of a power source - which is its particular advantage, in addition to the simplicity and robustness of the design. Alternative designs can be implemented mechanically, hydraulically or electrically. Such a variant works, for example, with a mechanical-hydraulic transmission device. It consists of a cylinder-piston unit, one end of which rests on the top of the tank, and the other end of which strikes directly or indirectly via a profile on the ceiling of the protective structure. This cylinder-piston unit is then connected via a hydraulic hose to a further hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, one end of which is mounted on the tank and the other end of which is articulated on a crank, with the crank
Drehwelle das Sperrventil 24 öffnen- und schliessbar ist.Rotary shaft, the
Eine elektrische Ausführungsvariante schliesst einen elektrischen Distanz-Sensor zur Messung des Abstandes zwischen der Tankoberseite und der Decke des Schutzbauwerkes ein. Sie ist mit einem elektrischen Sperrventil 24 im Rohr 20 ausgerüstet und mit einer elektrischen, speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerung SPS des elektrischen Sperrventiles 24, sodass dieses bei Unterschreiten einer einstellbaren Distanz der Tankoberfläche zur Decke des Schutzbauwerkes das Sperrventil 24 elektrisch öffnet und sonst geschlossen hält.An electrical design variant includes an electrical distance sensor for measuring the distance between the tank top and the ceiling of the protective structure. It is equipped with an electrical shut-off
- 11
- Tanktank
- 22
- H-Profile auf dem Boden des TankraumsH-profiles on the floor of the tank room
- 33
- Strebe zur Stirnwand des TankraumsStrut to the bulkhead of the tank room
- 44
- Streben zur Längswand des TankraumsStruts to the longitudinal wall of the tank room
- 55
- Rahmen an der DeckeFrame on the ceiling
- 66
-
Längsprofile des Rahmens 5Longitudinal profiles of the
frame 5 - 77
-
Querprofile des Rahmens 5Cross profiles of the
frame 5 - 88th
- Tankraum, SchutzbauwerkTank room, protective structure
- 99
- Stirnwand des TankraumsFront wall of the tank room
- 1010
- Übertragungsvorrichtung für Auftriebskraft auf KurbelTransmission device for buoyancy on crank
- 1111
- Taststützen oben auf dem TankKey supports on top of the tank
- 1212
- Rad an der Querstrebe 3,4Wheel on the cross strut 3.4
- 1313
- Stützteller ob an der TaststützeSupport plate whether on the touch support
- 1414
- Stütze für die SchutzvorrichtungSupport for the protective device
- 1515
-
Gelenk oben auf der Stütze 14Joint on top of the
support 14 - 1616
- Waagebalken als HebelBalance beam as a lever
- 1717
- Stützstrebesupport strut
- 1818
- Schubstangepushrod
- 1919
- Kurbelcrank
- 2020
- Rohr für die Zufuhr von WasserPipe for the supply of water
- 2121
-
Erster Bogen des Rohrs 20
First tube 20 bend - 2222
-
Zweiter Bogen des Rohrs 20Second bend of
tube 20 - 2323
- Ansaugmündungsuction port
- 2424
- Öffnen- und schliessbares SperrventilOpenable and closable shut-off valve
- 2525
- Rückschlagventilcheck valve
- 2626
- Flanschflange
- 2727
-
Montageplatte für Rohr 20Mounting plate for
tube 20 - 2828
- Kurbelachsecrank axle
- 2929
- Profilführungprofile guide
- 3030
- Gelenk in der Mitte des WaagbalkensJoint in the middle of the balance beam
- 3131
-
Gewindestange in der Taststütze 11Threaded rod in the
touch support 11
Claims (4)
- Protective device for preventing a tank (1) from floating up in its associated protective structure (8) in the event of flooding, comprising a feed pipe (20) into the lowest region of the tank (1), which feed pipe is normally closed by means of a controllable shut-off valve (24), a transmission device (10) being provided, by means of which the shut-off valve (24) can be opened by means of the buoyancy forces produced during a minimum floating up, so that water can flow through the shut-off valve (24) into the tank (1) to balance the hydrostatic pressure inside and outside the tank (1) and thus to prevent further flooding of the tank (1) within its protective structure (8), characterised in that the protective device includes struts (3,4) for the tank (1) for arrangement within its protective structure (8), for supporting the tank (1) laterally on all sides against the inner walls of its protective structure (8), a longitudinally displaceable sensing support (11) on the tank, for mechanically acting on a stationary stop when the tank (1) floats slightly, and in that the transmission device (10) is a purely mechanical transmission device consisting of a balance beam (16), one end of which rests on a support (14) on the upper side of the tank, the centre (30) of which is pivotably supportable or suspendable on a profile (17) which is stationary with respect to the protective structure (8), and the other end of which is pivotably connected to a push rod (18), the other end of which is pivotally connected to the end of a crank (19), the rotary shaft (28) of which is used to open and close the shut-off valve (24).
- Protective device according to the generic term of claim 1, characterized in that the protective device includes struts (3, 4) for the tank (1) for arrangement within the protective structure (8) for lateral support of the tank (1) on all sides on the inner walls of its protective structure (8), a longitudinally displaceable sensing support (11) on the tank for mechanically acting on a stationary stop when the tank floats slightly, and in that the transmission device (10) is a mechanical-hydraulic transmission device, consisting of a cylinder-piston unit, one end of which rests on the upper side of the tank and the other end of which can be abutted directly or indirectly via a profile (7) against the ceiling of the protective structure (8), as well as a hydraulic hose and a further hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, one end of which is mounted on the tank (1) and the other end of which is articulated on a crank (19), with the rotary shaft (28) of which the shut-off valve (24) can be opened and closed.
- Protective device according to the generic concept of claim 1, characterised in that the protective device includes struts (3, 4) for the tank (1) for arrangement within the protective structure (8) for lateral support of the tank (1) on all sides on the walls of its protective structure (8), a longitudinally displaceable sensing support (11) on the tank, for mechanical loading of a stationary stop with slight floating of the tank (1), and in that the transmission device (10) is a mechanical-hydraulic transmission device, comprising a cylinder-piston unit, one end of which rests on the upper side of the tank and the other end of which can be connected directly or indirectly via a profile to the ceiling of the protective structure (8), and in that there is a hydraulic hose which leads to a hydraulically actuable shut-off valve (24).
- Protective device according to the generic concept of claim 1, characterized in that the protective device includes struts (3, 4) for the tank (1) for arrangement within the protective structure (8) for lateral support of the tank (1) on all sides on the inner walls of its protective structure (8), an electric distance sensor for measuring the distance between the top of the tank and the ceiling of the protective structure (8), as well as an electric shut-off valve (24) and an electric SPS programmable logic controller for the electric shut-off valve (24), so that the latter can be opened electrically when the distance between the tank surface and the ceiling of the protective structure (8) falls below an adjustable distance and is otherwise closed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00543/16A CH712389A2 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | Device for preventing the floating of tanks in protective structures during floods. |
PCT/EP2017/059402 WO2017186568A1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2017-04-20 | Device for preventing the floating of tanks in protective constructions in the event of flooding |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3448783A1 EP3448783A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
EP3448783B1 true EP3448783B1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
Family
ID=58699088
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17722696.6A Active EP3448783B1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2017-04-20 | Device for preventing the floating of tanks in protective constructions in the event of flooding |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3448783B1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH712389A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017186568A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114837124B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-02-09 | 蒙城县水利局建筑工程队 | Water conservancy flood prevention monitoring and early warning system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19925212B4 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2004-03-25 | Karsten Brandt | receptacle |
DE102004053699A1 (en) * | 2004-11-06 | 2006-05-24 | Bernd Hille | Security system for fuel oil tank, has control valve or plug coupled with sensor for detecting non-regular liquid level, where valve is automatically closed by spring-loaded pin, when liquid level rises |
DE102006033524A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-24 | Bernd Hille | System protecting e.g. oil tanks from flotation by high water, comprises one-way filling valve at base of tank and vent valve high on tank |
DE102009053803B4 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-12-22 | Alois Anetsberger | Storage container for water polluting fluids |
-
2016
- 2016-04-25 CH CH00543/16A patent/CH712389A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2017
- 2017-04-20 EP EP17722696.6A patent/EP3448783B1/en active Active
- 2017-04-20 WO PCT/EP2017/059402 patent/WO2017186568A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH712389A2 (en) | 2017-10-31 |
EP3448783A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
WO2017186568A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
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