EP3444409B1 - Structural element for heat insulation - Google Patents

Structural element for heat insulation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3444409B1
EP3444409B1 EP18185110.6A EP18185110A EP3444409B1 EP 3444409 B1 EP3444409 B1 EP 3444409B1 EP 18185110 A EP18185110 A EP 18185110A EP 3444409 B1 EP3444409 B1 EP 3444409B1
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pressure
elements
support
transverse force
structural element
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EP18185110.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3444409A1 (en
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Schoeck Bauteile GmbH
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Schoeck Bauteile GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
    • E04B1/0038—Anchoring devices specially adapted therefor with means for preventing cold bridging

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal insulation component according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the reinforcement elements were continuously optimized, especially with regard to their thermal insulation properties, whereby in recent years there has been an increasing trend to producing the compressive force reinforcement elements from non-metallic building materials and in particular from high-strength concrete or mortar materials and applying them essentially to the area of the joint between the two adjacent components.
  • An exemplary component for thermal insulation was used, for example, in EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 described, wherein the compressive force reinforcement element is made of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete and is tapered in horizontal section, so that it has a comparatively large front side for compressive force introduction and a compressive force-transmitting central area that is as slim as possible to optimize the thermal insulation properties. Since the front side of the compressive force reinforcement element has a convex contact profile facing the component in horizontal section with a curvature in the shape of a circular arc, this allows an articulated movement of the compressive force reinforcement element relative to the adjacent component along the arcuate curved surface.
  • the compression shear reinforcement element is approximately disk-shaped overall, with the disk being oriented in a vertical plane.
  • the disadvantage of such large-volume compression shear reinforcement elements is the large cross section, which causes a significant deterioration in the thermal insulation properties. Because an enlarged material cross-section in the vertical plane along the joint between the two adjacent components inevitably leads to a larger surface for heat or cold transport.
  • the material of the compression shear reinforcement element can be highly insulating, but the optimized material cannot compensate for the disadvantages of the large material cross section.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve a component for thermal insulation of the type mentioned at the outset with an improved force transmission corresponding to the compressive force reinforcement elements with regard to the thermal insulation properties.
  • support elements are assigned to the pressure elements, which are arranged at a different height level than the pressure elements and below the tensile force elements and below the tension zone in relation to the structural element when installed, with one pressure element and one support element each being operatively connected to one another via a transverse force element.
  • This modular structure is based on the knowledge that you can get the same advantages of a better one Force transmission can be achieved not only with a large-volume reinforcement element, but also with a design in skeleton construction.
  • the well-known large-volume compression shear reinforcement element is thus broken down into individual tension and compression struts along the force curves corresponding to a truss model.
  • the pressure element extends in a conventional manner as deep as possible in the insulating body in a horizontal plane between the two adjacent components.
  • the pressure element is combined with a support element and both are connected to one another via a transverse force element which runs inclined to the horizontal from one end of the pressure element to the diagonally opposite other end of the support element.
  • the pressure element, transverse force element and support element thus simulate a framework and essentially absorb the same forces that the prior art pressure shear reinforcement element is also intended to transmit.
  • the combination of pressure elements with shear force elements is already known, but the known shear force elements between the two components adjacent to the component joint extend from the lower pressure zone of one component into the diagonally opposite upper tension zone of the other component and are used for force transmission in the components directly or - as in the case of the DE-A-37 00 295 - Anchored indirectly by fixing to the lower pressure elements and the upper tension reinforcement elements. The support elements are therefore in the tension zone.
  • the transverse force element is operatively connected to the support element and this support element has the primary purpose of holding the transverse force element, so that it is subjected to tensile loads and the transverse force is downwards can pass on to the pressure element, the support element being arranged below the tension zone.
  • the support elements each protrude in relation to the insulating body and form transverse force projections in these protruding areas for support in the adjacent components.
  • the pressure elements also project in each case relative to the insulating body and form transverse force projections in these projecting areas for support in the adjacent components. This is because they can provide the shear force elements with the necessary abutment. It goes without saying that the direction of force, against which the support elements on the one hand and the pressure elements on the other hand have to fulfill their supporting function, are essentially opposite to one another, since they ensure that the connected transverse force elements are held and absorb and transmit the required loads can. For both types of transverse force projections, it is sufficient that the area in which they project into the components is essentially only large enough to ensure the desired support function.
  • the use of the support elements according to the invention has another advantage: they can be provided to support the pressure elements to prevent failure, so that if the support for the pressure element or for the pressure elements is omitted, the support elements can assume the task of supporting the component being carried. Although in this case the entire construction is no longer undamaged and can therefore no longer be used unchanged, this can prevent the supported component from folding down or even falling, and thus from the occurrence of major damage. So even if the supported component after the failure due to its weight and the lack of support of the pressure element slightly in its Position may be changed, then if the support element can take over the support, further folding or even falling of the supported component is prevented.
  • the support elements In order for the support elements to take over their function and to be able to carry the shear force element assigned to them, the support elements are arranged above the pressure elements in relation to the structural element in the installed state in accordance with the distribution of forces in the truss model.
  • This arrangement also has the effect that after the failure of an adjacent concrete component in the lower area adjacent to the component, if the lower edge area of the concrete component breaks away and the support for the pressure element is missing, the support element arranged above it can take over the support immediately, so that the supported component is hardly pivoted from its installation position.
  • the construction element according to the invention has additional reinforcement elements in the form of elements that transmit tensile forces, it being essential that the support elements are arranged below these tension elements and below the tension zone in relation to the construction element in the installed state, so that they actually perform their function as the support elements or support elements that carry the transverse force elements .can fulfill as additional pressure elements.
  • the structural element does not have any reinforcement elements that transmit tensile forces; Even then, the support elements should be arranged below the tension zone or in the pressure zone.
  • a support element that supports this element and/or a replacement pressure element for each pressure element is provided for each transverse force element, which can at least partially take over its task in the event of failure.
  • the support elements run through the insulating body essentially horizontally and transversely to the essentially horizontal longitudinal extent of the insulating body when it is installed and can be connected at least indirectly to both components and/or when the supporting elements are opposite to the pressure elements are arranged spaced apart and/or if the support elements extend essentially parallel and/or equidistant to the pressure elements.
  • the support elements take over and fulfill the task as the support elements carrying the transverse force elements and/or as a replacement pressure element.
  • each pressure element and support element via a transverse force element it is recommended above all that the transverse force element is fixed to the pressure element and support element in particular by mutual form-fitting connection. This not only makes it easier to install the pressure element and support element together, but the shear force element also allows forces to be transmitted, in particular in the direction of extension of the shear force element, which would otherwise have to be assumed by other reinforcement elements to be arranged in this area.
  • the transverse force element is arranged inclined to the horizontal relative to the component in the installed state and extends between one end of the pressure element and the diagonally opposite end of the support element; because such a pressure/shear force module allows shear forces or shear forces to be absorbed and transmitted, which would otherwise be assumed by the shear force bars usually used in such components for thermal insulation, the positioning and orientation of which the shear force elements are based on.
  • the transverse force element or the transverse force elements consist at least partially of fiber-reinforced plastic material.
  • This is not only inexpensive to produce and has very good thermal insulation properties, but its corrosion-resistant, non-metallic material properties also ensure that the desired deepest possible arrangement of the pressure elements in the construction element can be retained unchanged, which of course would not be the case if the shear force elements were removed would consist of a metallic material and below the shear force elements a minimum concrete cover would have to be observed.
  • the transverse force element is designed in the form of a loop with two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another, preferably next to one another or over one another.
  • transverse force elements can be used that can be optimally adapted to the installation situation in terms of geometry and load capacity.
  • the main advantage of fiber-reinforced plastic material is that, on the one hand, it can be sufficiently loaded in the direction of tensile force and, on the other hand, it has poor thermal conductivity, which is desirable in the area of the insulating body.
  • fiber reinforcements in particular glass fiber reinforcements, whose fiber content, in particular glass fiber content, is higher than 85% by weight, so that the weight of the matrix material used in addition to the fibers, such as synthetic resin, is less than 15% compared to the weight of this reinforcement element.
  • a second transverse force element related to the built-in component state for absorbing transverse forces is arranged inclined to the horizontal and the second transverse force element extends between the other end of the pressure element and the diagonally opposite end of the support element and the inclination of the second transverse force element differs from that of the transverse force element, in particular that both inclinations are essentially symmetrical are oriented opposite to each other from the vertical.
  • the two transverse force elements each have two loop strands at different distances from one another.
  • the loop of one transverse force element can run within the loop of the other transverse force element in the crossing area.
  • the pressure element and/or support element it is advisable to produce these from a pressure-resistant, hardening and/or setting material, in particular from a cementitious, fiber-reinforced building material such as concrete, such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete or such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength mortar or from a synthetic resin mixture or from a reaction resin.
  • a cementitious, fiber-reinforced building material such as concrete, such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete or such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength mortar or from a synthetic resin mixture or from a reaction resin.
  • the shape of the pressure element and support element can be optimized, particularly when they are made from a castable material. It is also advisable if the pressure element has a depression on its side facing away from the support element for receiving a first anchoring section of the transverse force element in a form-fitting manner and if the support element has a depression for receiving a second anchoring section of the transverse force element in a form-fitting manner on its side facing away from the pressure element. Merely this insertion of pressure element and transverse force element or transverse force element and support element can ensure the correct positioning and functioning of these elements without the need for costly or complicated precautions.
  • the first anchoring section of the loop-shaped transverse force element consists of a first apex area between the two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another
  • the second anchoring section of the loop-shaped transverse force element consists of a second apex area between the two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another.
  • the depressions in the area of the pressure element and the support element can advantageously form a winding form for producing the loop-shaped transverse force element, as a result of which the fibers of the loop-shaped transverse force element act on the winding form, i.e. the pressure element and/or the support element, at least partially and in particular over a large area in the apex area of the loop form and ensure a perfect mutual contact and thus an ideal power transmission.
  • the transverse force elements are installed together with the pressure and/or support elements actually used in their production as a winding form; However, similar effects can also be achieved if not the identical pressure and/or support elements, but only structurally identical in the winding form area, are used when installed together.
  • both the pressure element and the support element prefferably have a convex contact profile that can be rolled off on the components in the area of their terminal transverse force projection, so that the pressure element and/or the support element can produce an articulated connection between the two components.
  • the curvature of the contact profile in the installed state should be designed approximately in the shape of an arc of a circle in horizontal section.
  • the front contact profile of the pressure element and/or the support element is curved in vertical longitudinal section or inclined to the vertical, in particular if the front contact profile of the pressure element and the front contact profile of the support element have opposite inclinations to one another, so that the pressure element and the support element do not impede relative movements oriented in the vertical direction in relation to the adjacent components, but ideally can follow the movement similar to a parallelogram linkage or a pivoting element.
  • pressure elements and/or support elements it is also advantageous if they each have a smooth-walled and level upper and lower side, which upper and lower sides each extend in horizontal planes.
  • figure 1 shows a component for thermal insulation 1 with a cuboid insulating body 2, to be arranged in a component joint left between two concrete components, namely a supported component A to form a concrete and a supporting component B, which consists of part of a building, and these two Space concrete components A, B from each other in a thermally insulated manner, and with reinforcement elements in the form of tension rods 3 and in the form of pressure elements 5.
  • the reinforcement elements are arranged in the manner known and customary in the prior art, namely by in the upper area of the Insulating body 2, in the so-called tensile zone, the tensile reinforcement elements 3 are arranged, which extend in the installed state in the horizontal direction and serve to transmit tensile forces between the two components A, B connected to the component for thermal insulation 1 and are anchored in these components for this purpose.
  • the pressure elements 5 are arranged, also with a horizontal direction of extension, but they only protrude to a small extent relative to the insulating body 2.
  • the support elements 6, which also extend in a horizontal plane parallel to and at a distance from the pressure elements and are supported in a form-fitting manner in the adjacent component by protruding into the adjacent component relative to the insulating body and having terminal transverse force projections there, which in Related to figure 2 be described in more detail.
  • transverse force elements 4 are also provided, which run inclined to the horizontal in the area of the insulating body 2 . Here they extend from the supporting component B facing end 6b of the support elements 6 on the one side of the insulating body 2 diagonally downwards to the end 5a of the pressure elements 5 facing the supported component A on the other side of the insulating body 2.
  • a lower edge region of component B facing the insulating body arranged in the component joint is in figure 1 marked with the reference number 9. It is intended to indicate a failure area in which an aspect of the present invention is particularly recognizable:
  • the pressure element 5 is supported on this area 9 of the component B with its end area 5b facing the component. If this area 9 now breaks off as a result of an excessive load, the pressure element 5 lacks a support, so that it cannot absorb the load caused by the weight of the projecting component A. As a result, the projecting component A would buckle downwards, as a result of which the tension rods 3 would be subjected to bending stress and the entire structure would be damaged so badly that it could even cause the projecting component A to fall.
  • the support element 6 is arranged above the pressure element 5 according to the invention, it is supported on the component B above the failure area 9 and can therefore, as a replacement pressure element, protect the entire structure from excessive damage or the protruding component A falling. Although the construction can no longer be safely used after damage in the failure area 9, by supporting the support element 6 on the component B above the failure area 9, more serious consequences for objects and people in the area of the protruding component A can be prevented.
  • the transverse force element 4 is loop-shaped and that the pressure element 5 and the support element 6 embraces and embraces. If the pressure element and support element are used in the production of the loop-shaped transverse force element as a winding roll for the wet, impregnated plastic fibers before they harden, the plastic fibers not only form a positive connection with the pressure element and support element by gripping, but also a resilient connection due to the mutual contact during hardening adhesion connection.
  • transverse force projections 5g, 5h, 6g, 6h which respectively form the horizontal ends of the support element 6 and the pressure element 5, with the support and pressure element projecting into the adjacent components A and B opposite the insulating body.
  • they form a positive connection with the material of the components and thus ensure that the support element and the pressure element can be supported on the components in such a way that they serve as an anchor or abutment for the transverse force element 4 extending between the support and pressure element can.
  • a load acts on the transverse force element, it is subjected to a tensile load, and this load is passed on to the support element and the pressure element through the anchoring on the support element and the pressure element. Only because the support element and pressure element are anchored in the adjacent components via the transverse force projections can they absorb and counteract this tensile load.
  • An alternative pressure/shear force module 17 which consists of a pressure element 15, a support element 16 arranged parallel thereto and two shear force elements 14a, 14b, which run inclined to the horizontal and to the horizontal direction of extension of the pressure and support element and are arranged crosswise to one another , i.e. the same slope, but with different signs, which means that they are symmetrical to each other with respect to the vertical.
  • the two transverse force elements 14a, 14b are each loop-shaped, with the transverse force element 14a consisting of two terminal deflection or apex areas 14aa, 14ab and two parallel loop strands 14a1, 14a2 connecting the two apex areas. Together, crest portions 14aa and 14ab and loop strands 14a1 and 14a2 form a closed shape made by winding a continuous filament.
  • a depression 16c can be seen, into which the transverse force element 14a engages with the upper apex region 14aa, which forms a first anchoring section.
  • a recess 15c is also provided on the diagonally opposite end 15a of the pressure element 15 associated with the carried component A, in which the transverse force element 14a engages with the lower apex region 14ab, which forms a second anchoring section.
  • the difference between the pressure/shear force module 17 compared to the pressure/shear force module 7 consists - as already indicated above - in the fact that the
  • Module 17 nor the second transverse force element 14b is provided.
  • this is made up of two terminal deflection or apex regions 14ba, 14bb and two parallel loop strands 14b1, 14b2 connecting the two apex regions, which together form a closed loop shape.
  • the two loop strands 14a1 and 14a2 of the transverse force element 14a have a smaller mutual spacing than the two loop strands 14b1 and 14b2 of the transverse force element 14b.
  • Both the pressure element 15 and the support element 16 have transverse force projections 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h at their horizontal ends, with which they project into the components A, B in relation to the insulating body. So that the pressure elements and the support elements can establish an articulated connection between the two components A, B in the known manner by being supported on them in the manner of a pendulum joint during relative movements of the two components and being able to follow the relative movements, they have at the front ends of the transverse force projections on the Components A, B rollable convex contact profile.
  • the curvature of the end-face contact profiles of the transverse force projections 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h is approximately circular in horizontal section when installed.
  • the front-side contact profile of the pressure elements and the support element is inclined to the vertical in the vertical longitudinal section, with the front-side contact profile of the pressure elements and the front-side contact profile of the support elements having opposite inclinations to one another, so that the pressure elements and support elements move in relation to the relative movements oriented in the vertical direction do not or hardly impede adjacent components, but follow the movement similar to a parallelogram linkage or swivel joint.
  • pressure elements 5, 15 and support elements 6, 16 each have a smooth-walled and level upper and lower side 5e, 5f, 15e, 15f, 6e, 6f, 16e, 16f, which upper and lower sides each extend in horizontal planes.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a component for thermal insulation using simple measures, which has a pressure/shearing force module that has significantly improved thermal insulation properties due to its optimized structure and the materials used. In addition, it provides protection against failure through the support elements installed in addition to the pressure elements.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a thermal insulation component according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Bauelementen zur Wärmedämmung bekannt mit unterschiedlichen Ansätzen zur Einleitung von Kräften, insbesondere von Druckkräften in das tragende Bauteil, also insbesondere eine Gebäudedecke oder Gebäudewand. So wurden bereits vor mehreren Jahrzehnten zur Druckkraftübertragung stabförmige Druckkraftbewehrungselemente aus Metall verwendet, die endständige großflächige metallene angeschweißte Druckplatten aufwiesen, welche in die angrenzenden Bauteile vorstanden und dort verankert waren. Durch die Größe und Position dieser Druckplatten konnte die Druckkrafteinleitung von diesem Druckkraftbewehrungselement in das Gebäude eingestellt und so verhindert werden, dass es zu Kraft- bzw. Spannungsüberhöhungen und damit zu Beschädigungen im Gebäude kommen konnte, siehe beispielsweise DE-A-41 03 278 .Various embodiments of components for thermal insulation are known in the prior art, with different approaches for introducing forces, in particular compressive forces, into the load-bearing component, ie in particular a building ceiling or building wall. For example, several decades ago, rod-shaped compressive force reinforcement elements made of metal were used for compressive force transmission, which had terminal, large-area metal pressure plates welded on, which protruded into the adjacent components and were anchored there. Due to the size and position of these pressure plates, the pressure force introduction from this pressure force reinforcement element into the building could be adjusted and thus excessive force or stresses and thus damage in the building could be prevented, see for example DE-A-41 03 278 .

Die Druckkraftübertragung und vor allem die Druckkrafteinleitung in das tragende Bauteil erforderte dabei oft Zusatzlösungen, da die Druckkraftbewehrungselemente alleine nicht immer allen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Kraft- und Wärmeübertragung in gleichem Maße gerecht werden konnten.The transmission of compressive force and, above all, the introduction of compressive force into the load-bearing component often required additional solutions, since the compressive force reinforcement elements alone could not always meet all the requirements in terms of force and heat transfer to the same extent.

Eine Lösung dabei bestand darin, stirnseitig an das Druckkraftbewehrungselement ein separates Druckkraftverteilungselement anzuschließen, das dafür sorgt, dass die Druckkraft über eine möglichst große Oberfläche zwischen Druckkraftbewehrungselement und angrenzendem Bauteil übertragen werden kann. Dabei wurden auch Bauformen vorgeschlagen, bei denen die Druckkraftbewehrungselemente und die Druckkraftverteilungselemente zueinander beweglich angeordnet sind, wie es beispielsweise in der DE-A-40 09 987 beschrieben ist, wo das Druckkraftbewehrungselement aus einem Metallstab besteht, an den sich stirnseitige manschettenartige Druckkraftverteilungselemente anschließen und das Druckkraftbewehrungselement sowie die beiden Druckkraftverteilungselemente miteinander gelenkig verbunden sind - zumindest nachdem eine zu Montagezwecken vorgesehene gegenseitige Lagesicherung beseitigt worden ist.One solution was to connect a separate compressive force distribution element to the front of the compressive force reinforcement element, which ensures that the compressive force can be transmitted over the largest possible surface between the compressive force reinforcement element and the adjacent component. Designs have also been proposed in which the compressive force reinforcement elements and the compressive force distribution elements are arranged such that they can move in relation to one another, as is the case, for example, in DE-A-40 09 987 is described, where the compressive force reinforcement element consists of a metal rod, which is connected to the face-side collar-like compressive force distribution elements and the compressive force reinforcement element and the two compressive force distribution elements are connected to one another in an articulated manner - at least after mutual position securing provided for assembly purposes has been eliminated.

In der Folge wurden die Bewehrungselemente vor allem hinsichtlich ihrer Wärmedämmeigenschaften immer weiter optimiert, wobei gerade in den letzten Jahren vermehrt dazu übergegangen wurde, die Druckkraftbewehrungselemente aus nichtmetallenen Baustoffen und insbesondere aus hochfesten Beton- bzw. Mörtelmaterialien herzustellen und sie im Wesentlichen auf den Bereich der Fuge zwischen den beiden angrenzenden Bauteilen zu beschränken.As a result, the reinforcement elements were continuously optimized, especially with regard to their thermal insulation properties, whereby in recent years there has been an increasing trend to producing the compressive force reinforcement elements from non-metallic building materials and in particular from high-strength concrete or mortar materials and applying them essentially to the area of the joint between the two adjacent components.

Ein hierfür beispielhaftes Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung wurde beispielsweise in EP-A 1 225 282 oder EP-A 1 225 283 beschrieben, wobei das Drucckraftbewehrungselement aus hochfestem faserverstärktem Beton hergestellt und im Horizontalschnitt tailliert ausgebildet ist, so dass es eine vergleichsweise große Stirnseite zur Druckkrafteinleitung und einen möglichst schlanken drucckraftübertragenden Mittelbereich zur Optimierung der Wärmedämmeigenschaften aufwies. Da das Druckkraftbewehrungselement an seiner Stirnseite ein dem Bauteil zugewandtes im Horizontalschnitt konvex gewölbtes Kontaktprofil aufweist mit einer Wölbung in Kreisbogenform, lässt sich hierdurch eine gelenkige Bewegung des Druckkraftbewehrungselements gegenüber dem angrenzenden Bauteil entlang der kreisbogenförmigen gewölbten Oberfläche zur Verfügung stellen.An exemplary component for thermal insulation was used, for example, in EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 described, wherein the compressive force reinforcement element is made of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete and is tapered in horizontal section, so that it has a comparatively large front side for compressive force introduction and a compressive force-transmitting central area that is as slim as possible to optimize the thermal insulation properties. Since the front side of the compressive force reinforcement element has a convex contact profile facing the component in horizontal section with a curvature in the shape of a circular arc, this allows an articulated movement of the compressive force reinforcement element relative to the adjacent component along the arcuate curved surface.

Bei dem aus EP-A 1 225 282 oder EP-A 1 225 283 bekannten Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung werden in der üblichen Weise zusätzlich zum Druckkraftbewehrungselement Querkraftstäbe vorgesehen, die die Querkraft auf der Seite des tragenden Bauteils im Zugstabbereich einleitet und dort abführt. So werden die vom tragenden Bauteil aufzunehmenden Kräfte auf verschiedenen Höhenniveaus des tragenden Bauteils eingeleitet.At the off EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 Known component for thermal insulation are provided in the usual way in addition to the compressive force reinforcement element shear force rods, which initiates the shear force on the side of the supporting component in the tension rod area and dissipates it there. In this way, the forces to be absorbed by the load-bearing component are introduced at different levels of the load-bearing component.

Einige Jahre später wurde vorgeschlagen, dieses aus der EP-A 1 225 282 oder EP-A 1 225 283 bekannte Druckkraftbewehrungselement mit konvex gewölbten Stirnseiten dadurch zur Aufnahme und Übertragung weiterer Kräfte verwendbar zu machen, dass es eine größere Höhe aufweist sowie auf Höhe der Ober- und Unterkante in deren Verlängerung sich erstreckende Vorsprünge, die in Richtung auf die lastaufnehmenden Bauteile vorragen, siehe EP-A 1 564 336 . Hierdurch sollte die Kombination des herkömmlichen Druckkraftbewehrungselements mit einem üblichen Querkraftelement in einem gemeinsamen Druckschubbewehrungselement erfolgen, so dass durch das neue kombinierte Bewehrungselement auch Quer- bzw. Schubkräfte übertragen und die bekannten zusätzlichen Querkraftstäbe weggelassen werden konnten. Das Druckschubbewehrungselement ist dabei insgesamt in etwa scheibenförmig ausgebildet, wobei die Scheibe in vertikaler Ebene orientiert ist.A few years later it was suggested that this one from the EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 known compressive force reinforcement element with convex end faces thereby making usable for absorbing and transmitting additional forces that it has a greater height and at the level of the top and Lower edge protrusions extending in the extension thereof and projecting towards the load-bearing components, see EP-A 1 564 336 . This was to combine the conventional compressive force reinforcement element with a standard shear force element in a common compressive shear reinforcement element, so that the new combined reinforcement element could also transmit shear and shear forces and the known additional shear force bars could be omitted. The compression shear reinforcement element is approximately disk-shaped overall, with the disk being oriented in a vertical plane.

Der Nachteil solcher großvolumigen Druckschubbewehrungselemente besteht in dem großen Querschnitt, der für eine deutliche Verschlechterung der Wärmedämmeigenschaften sorgt. Denn ein vergrößerter Materialquerschnitt in der Vertikalebene entlang der Fuge zwischen den beiden angrenzenden Bauteilen führt zwangsläufig zu einer größeren Fläche für den Wärme- bzw. Kältetransport. Dabei kann das Material des Druckschubbewehrungselements noch so hoch isolierend sein, die Nachteile des großen Materialquerschnitts kann das optimierte Material nicht ausgleichen.The disadvantage of such large-volume compression shear reinforcement elements is the large cross section, which causes a significant deterioration in the thermal insulation properties. Because an enlarged material cross-section in the vertical plane along the joint between the two adjacent components inevitably leads to a larger surface for heat or cold transport. The material of the compression shear reinforcement element can be highly insulating, but the optimized material cannot compensate for the disadvantages of the large material cross section.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung der eingangs genannten Art bei einer den Druckkraftbewehrungselementen entsprechenden verbesserten Kraftübertragung hinsichtlich der Wärmedämmeigenschaften zu verbessern.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to improve a component for thermal insulation of the type mentioned at the outset with an improved force transmission corresponding to the compressive force reinforcement elements with regard to the thermal insulation properties.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Bauelement mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.This object is achieved according to the invention by a component having the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind jeweils Gegenstand der Unteransprüche, deren Wortlaut hiermit durch ausdrückliche Bezugnahme in die Beschreibung aufgenommen wird, um unnötige Textwiederholungen zu vermeiden.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the wording of which is hereby incorporated into the description by express reference in order to avoid unnecessary text repetitions.

Erfindungsgemäß sind den Druckelementen Abstützelemente zugeordnet, die bezogen auf das Bauelement im eingebauten Zustand auf einem anderen Höhenniveau als die Druckelemente und unterhalb der Zugkraftelemente sowie unterhalb der Zugzone angeordnet sind, wobei jeweils ein Druckelement und ein Abstützelement über ein Querkraftelement miteinander in Wirkverbindung stehen. Diesem modularen Aufbau liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass man dieselben Vorteile einer besseren Kraftübertragung nicht nur mit einem großvolumigen Bewehrungselement erzielen kann, sondern auch bei einer Gestaltung in Skelettbauweise. Man zerlegt somit das bekannte großvolumige Druckschubbewehrungselement in einzelne Zug- bzw. Druckstreben entlang der einem Fachwerkmodell entsprechenden Kraftverläufe.According to the invention, support elements are assigned to the pressure elements, which are arranged at a different height level than the pressure elements and below the tensile force elements and below the tension zone in relation to the structural element when installed, with one pressure element and one support element each being operatively connected to one another via a transverse force element. This modular structure is based on the knowledge that you can get the same advantages of a better one Force transmission can be achieved not only with a large-volume reinforcement element, but also with a design in skeleton construction. The well-known large-volume compression shear reinforcement element is thus broken down into individual tension and compression struts along the force curves corresponding to a truss model.

Dabei erstreckt sich das Druckelement in herkömmlicher Weise möglichst tief im Isolierkörper in einer Horizontalebene zwischen den beiden angrenzenden Bauteilen. Das Druckelement ist kombiniert mit einem Abstützelement und beide sind über ein Querkraftelement miteinander verbunden, das geneigt zur Horizontalen von einem Ende des Druckelements bis zum diagonal gegenüberliegenden anderen Ende des Abstützelementes verläuft. Druckelement, Querkraftelement und Abstützelement bilden so ein Fachwerk nach und übernehmen im Wesentlichen dieselben Kräfte, die auch das Druckschubbewehrungselement des Standes der Technik übertragen soll.The pressure element extends in a conventional manner as deep as possible in the insulating body in a horizontal plane between the two adjacent components. The pressure element is combined with a support element and both are connected to one another via a transverse force element which runs inclined to the horizontal from one end of the pressure element to the diagonally opposite other end of the support element. The pressure element, transverse force element and support element thus simulate a framework and essentially absorb the same forces that the prior art pressure shear reinforcement element is also intended to transmit.

Zwar ist auch im Stand der Technik natürlich beispielsweise aus der DE-A-37 00 295 bereits die Kombination von Druckelementen mit Querkraftelementen bekannt, jedoch erstrecken sich die bekannten Querkraftelemente zwischen den beiden an die Bauteilfuge angrenzenden Bauteilen ausgehend von der unteren Druckzone des einen Bauteils in die diagonal gegenüberliegende obere Zugzone des anderen Bauteils und sind zur Kraftübertragung in den Bauteilen direkt oder - wie im Fall der DE-A-37 00 295 - indirekt durch Festlegung an den unteren Druckelementen und den oberen Zugbewehrungselementen - verankert. Die Abstützelemente befinden sich somit in der Zugzone.Although also in the prior art, of course, for example from the DE-A-37 00 295 the combination of pressure elements with shear force elements is already known, but the known shear force elements between the two components adjacent to the component joint extend from the lower pressure zone of one component into the diagonally opposite upper tension zone of the other component and are used for force transmission in the components directly or - as in the case of the DE-A-37 00 295 - Anchored indirectly by fixing to the lower pressure elements and the upper tension reinforcement elements. The support elements are therefore in the tension zone.

Der wesentliche Unterschied der vorliegenden Erfindung gegenüber der beschriebenen vorbekannten Bauform besteht nun darin, dass erfindungsgemäß das Querkraftelement in Wirkverbindung mit dem Abstützelement steht und dieses Abstützelement den primären Zweck hat, das Querkraftelement zu halten, so dass dieses auf Zug belastet werden und die Querkraft nach unten an das Druckelement weitergeben kann, wobei das Abstützelement unterhalb der Zugzone angeordnet ist.The main difference between the present invention and the previously known design described is that, according to the invention, the transverse force element is operatively connected to the support element and this support element has the primary purpose of holding the transverse force element, so that it is subjected to tensile loads and the transverse force is downwards can pass on to the pressure element, the support element being arranged below the tension zone.

Hierzu ist es besonders von Vorteil, wenn die Abstützelemente jeweils gegenüber dem Isolierkörper vorstehen und in diesen vorstehenden Bereichen Querkraftvorsprünge zum Abstützen in den angrenzenden Bauteilen bilden. Somit muss gar nicht das Querkraftelement selbst im angrenzenden Bauteil verankert sein, um seine Funktion ausüben zu können. Stattdessen können das Abstützelement und/oder das Druckelement die erforderliche Verankerung übernehmen und es ist lediglich dafür Sorge zu tragen, dass das Querkraftelement mit Abstützelement und Druckelement in Wirkverbindung steht.For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if the support elements each protrude in relation to the insulating body and form transverse force projections in these protruding areas for support in the adjacent components. This means that the shear force element itself does not have to be anchored in the adjacent component to be able to perform his function. Instead, the support element and/or the pressure element can take over the necessary anchoring and it is only necessary to ensure that the transverse force element is in operative connection with the support element and the pressure element.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es in diesem Zusammenhang außerdem, wenn auch die Druckelemente jeweils gegenüber dem Isolierkörper vorstehen und in diesen vorstehenden Bereichen Querkraftvorsprünge zum Abstützen in den angrenzenden Bauteilen bilden. Denn dadurch können sie den Querkraftelementen das erforderliche Widerlager zur Verfügung stellen. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die Kraftrichtung, gegen die die Abstützelemente einerseits und die Druckelemente andererseits ihre Abstützfunktion erfüllen müssen, zueinander im Wesentlichen entgegengesetzt sind, da sie jeweils dafür Sorge tragen, dass die angeschlossenen Querkraftelemente gehalten werden und die erforderlichen Belastungen aufnehmen und übertragen können. Für beide Arten von Querkraftvorsprüngen reicht es aus, dass der Bereich, mit dem sie in die Bauteile vorstehen, im Wesentlichen nur so groß ist, dass die gewünschte Abstützfunktion gewährleistet ist. Dies ist regelmäßig schon bei einer Verankerungstiefe von wenigen Millimetern der Fall, so dass als Höchstmaß für das Vorstehen in horizontaler Richtung ein der Höhe des Abstützelements bzw. des Druckelements entsprechendes Maß ausreicht. Würden sie stattdessen sehr viel weiter in die Bauteile vorstehen, so könnte dabei zwar die jeweilige Abstützfunktion ähnlich ausfallen, jedoch hätte dies wesentliche Nachteile auf andere Funktionen wie insbesondere Beweglichkeit, Druckkraftübertragung etc.It is also particularly expedient in this connection if the pressure elements also project in each case relative to the insulating body and form transverse force projections in these projecting areas for support in the adjacent components. This is because they can provide the shear force elements with the necessary abutment. It goes without saying that the direction of force, against which the support elements on the one hand and the pressure elements on the other hand have to fulfill their supporting function, are essentially opposite to one another, since they ensure that the connected transverse force elements are held and absorb and transmit the required loads can. For both types of transverse force projections, it is sufficient that the area in which they project into the components is essentially only large enough to ensure the desired support function. This is regularly the case with an anchoring depth of just a few millimeters, so that a dimension corresponding to the height of the support element or the pressure element is sufficient as the maximum dimension for protruding in the horizontal direction. If they instead protruded much further into the components, the respective support function could be similar, but this would have significant disadvantages for other functions such as mobility, compressive force transmission, etc.

Die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Abstützelemente haben noch einen weiteren Vorteil: Sie können zur Unterstützung der Druckelemente zur Versagenssicherung vorgesehen werden, so dass bei Wegfall der Abstützung für das Druckelement bzw. für die Druckelemente die Abstützelemente das Abstützen des getragenen Bauteils übernehmen können. Zwar ist in diesem Fall die gesamte Konstruktion nicht mehr unbeschädigt und somit auch nicht mehr unverändert nutzbar, jedoch kann hierdurch das Abklappen oder gar Abstürzen des getragenen Bauteils und somit das Eintreten größerer Schäden verhindert werden. Selbst wenn also das getragene Bauteil nach dem Versagen durch seine Gewichtskraft und die fehlende Abstützung des Druckelements leicht in seiner Position verändert werden mag, so wird dann, wenn das Abstützelement die Abstützung übernehmen kann, ein weiteres Abklappen oder gar Abstürzen des getragenen Bauteils verhindert.The use of the support elements according to the invention has another advantage: they can be provided to support the pressure elements to prevent failure, so that if the support for the pressure element or for the pressure elements is omitted, the support elements can assume the task of supporting the component being carried. Although in this case the entire construction is no longer undamaged and can therefore no longer be used unchanged, this can prevent the supported component from folding down or even falling, and thus from the occurrence of major damage. So even if the supported component after the failure due to its weight and the lack of support of the pressure element slightly in its Position may be changed, then if the support element can take over the support, further folding or even falling of the supported component is prevented.

Damit die Abstützelemente ihre Funktion übernehmen und jeweils das ihnen zugeordnete Querkraftelement tragen können, sind entsprechend dem Kräfteverlauf des Fachwerkmodells die Abstützelemente bezogen auf das Bauelement im eingebauten Zustand oberhalb der Druckelemente angeordnet.In order for the support elements to take over their function and to be able to carry the shear force element assigned to them, the support elements are arranged above the pressure elements in relation to the structural element in the installed state in accordance with the distribution of forces in the truss model.

Diese Anordnung hat außerdem den Effekt, dass nach dem Versagen eines angrenzenden Betonbauteils im unteren an das Bauelement angrenzenden Bereich, wenn der untere Kantenbereich des Betonbauteils wegbricht und damit die Abstützung für das Druckelement fehlt, das jeweilige darüber angeordnete Abstützelement die Abstützung sofort übernehmen kann, sodass das getragene Bauteil kaum aus seiner Einbauposition verschwenkt wird.This arrangement also has the effect that after the failure of an adjacent concrete component in the lower area adjacent to the component, if the lower edge area of the concrete component breaks away and the support for the pressure element is missing, the support element arranged above it can take over the support immediately, so that the supported component is hardly pivoted from its installation position.

Das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement weist zusätzliche Bewehrungselemente in Form von Zugkräfte übertragenden Elementen auf, wobei es wesentlich ist, dass die Abstützelemente bezogen auf das Bauelement im eingebauten Zustand unterhalb dieser Zugkraftelemente und unterhalb der Zugzone angeordnet sind, damit sie tatsächlich ihre Funktion als die Querkraftelemente tragende Abstützelemente bzw. als zusätzliche Druckelemente erfüllen können. Entsprechendes gilt natürlich auch dann, wenn das Bauelement gar keine zugkraftübertragenden Bewehrungselemente aufweist; auch dann sollten die Abstützelemente unterhalb der Zugzone bzw. in der Druckzone angeordnet sein.The construction element according to the invention has additional reinforcement elements in the form of elements that transmit tensile forces, it being essential that the support elements are arranged below these tension elements and below the tension zone in relation to the construction element in the installed state, so that they actually perform their function as the support elements or support elements that carry the transverse force elements .can fulfill as additional pressure elements. The same applies, of course, if the structural element does not have any reinforcement elements that transmit tensile forces; Even then, the support elements should be arranged below the tension zone or in the pressure zone.

Wenn jeweils ein Druckelement und ein Abstützelement paarweise einander zugeordnet im Bauelement angeordnet sind, wird für jedes Querkraftelement ein dieses tragendes Abstützelement und/oder für jedes Druckelement ein Ersatz-Druckelement zur Verfügung gestellt, das im Versagensfall dessen Aufgabe zumindest teilweise übernehmen kann.If a pressure element and a support element are arranged in pairs in the structural element, a support element that supports this element and/or a replacement pressure element for each pressure element is provided for each transverse force element, which can at least partially take over its task in the event of failure.

Hinsichtlich der Orientierung und Positionierung der Abstützelemente im Vergleich zu den Querkraft- bzw. Druckelementen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Abstützelemente im eingebauten Zustand des Bauelementes im Wesentlichen horizontal und quer zur im wesentlichen horizontalen Längserstreckung des Isolierkörpers durch diesen hindurchverlaufen und an beide Bauteile zumindest mittelbar anschließbar sind und/oder wenn die Abstützelemente gegenüber den Druckelementen beabstandet angeordnet sind und/oder wenn sich die Abstützelemente im Wesentlichen parallel und/oder äquidistant zu den Druckelementen erstrecken. Vor allem erst durch die beabstandete Anordnung und die parallele Erstreckung können die Abstützelemente die Aufgabe als die Querkraftelemente tragende Abstützelemente und/oder als Ersatz-Druckelement übernehmen und ausfüllen.With regard to the orientation and positioning of the support elements compared to the transverse force or pressure elements, it is advantageous if the support elements run through the insulating body essentially horizontally and transversely to the essentially horizontal longitudinal extent of the insulating body when it is installed and can be connected at least indirectly to both components and/or when the supporting elements are opposite to the pressure elements are arranged spaced apart and/or if the support elements extend essentially parallel and/or equidistant to the pressure elements. Above all, only through the spaced arrangement and the parallel extension can the support elements take over and fulfill the task as the support elements carrying the transverse force elements and/or as a replacement pressure element.

Für die Verbindung von jeweils Druckelement und Abstützelement über ein Querkraftelement empfiehlt es sich vor allem, dass das Querkraftelement am Druckelement und Abstützelement insbesondere durch gegenseitige formschlüssige Verbindung festgelegt ist. Hierdurch lässt sich nicht nur der gemeinsame Einbau von Druckelement und Abstützelement erleichtern, sondern durch das Querkraftelement lassen sich auch Kräfte insbesondere in Erstreckungsrichtung des Querkraftelements übertragen, die ansonsten andere in diesem Bereich anzuordnende Bewehrungselemente übernehmen müssten.For the connection of each pressure element and support element via a transverse force element, it is recommended above all that the transverse force element is fixed to the pressure element and support element in particular by mutual form-fitting connection. This not only makes it easier to install the pressure element and support element together, but the shear force element also allows forces to be transmitted, in particular in the direction of extension of the shear force element, which would otherwise have to be assumed by other reinforcement elements to be arranged in this area.

Hierbei ist das Querkraftelement bezogen auf das Bauelement im eingebauten Zustand geneigt zur Horizontalen angeordnet und erstreckt sich zwischen einem Ende des Druckelements und dem diagonal gegenüberliegenden Ende des Abstützelements; denn durch ein solches Druck-/Querkraftmodul lassen sich Querkräfte bzw. Schubkräfte aufnehmen und übertragen, was ansonsten die üblicherweise bei derartigen Bauelementen zur Wärmedämmung verwendeten Querkraftstäbe übernehmen würden, an deren Positionierung und Orientierung die Querkraftelemente angelehnt sind.In this case, the transverse force element is arranged inclined to the horizontal relative to the component in the installed state and extends between one end of the pressure element and the diagonally opposite end of the support element; because such a pressure/shear force module allows shear forces or shear forces to be absorbed and transmitted, which would otherwise be assumed by the shear force bars usually used in such components for thermal insulation, the positioning and orientation of which the shear force elements are based on.

In einfacher Weise besteht das Querkraftelement bzw. bestehen die Querkraftelemente zumindest teilweise aus faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial. Dies ist nicht nur kostengünstig herzustellen und hat sehr gute Wärmedämmeigenschaften, sondern dessen korrosionsbeständige, nicht-metallische Materialeigenschaften sorgen auch dafür, dass die angestrebte möglichst tiefe Anordnung der Druckelemente im Bauelement unverändert beibehalten werden kann, was natürlich nicht der Fall wäre, wenn die Querkraftelemente aus einem metallischen Material bestehen würden und unterhalb der Querkraftelemente eine Mindestbetonüberdeckung einzuhalten wäre.In a simple manner, the transverse force element or the transverse force elements consist at least partially of fiber-reinforced plastic material. This is not only inexpensive to produce and has very good thermal insulation properties, but its corrosion-resistant, non-metallic material properties also ensure that the desired deepest possible arrangement of the pressure elements in the construction element can be retained unchanged, which of course would not be the case if the shear force elements were removed would consist of a metallic material and below the shear force elements a minimum concrete cover would have to be observed.

Des Weiteren ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Querkraftelement schlaufenförmig ausgebildet ist mit zwei sich im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander vorzugsweise nebeneinander oder über einander erstreckenden Schlaufensträngen. Hierdurch lassen sich Querkraftelemente verwenden, die optimal an die Einbausituation hinsichtlich Geometrie und Belastbarkeit angepasst werden können. Der Vorteil von faserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial liegt vor allem darin, dass es zum einen in Zugkraftrichtung ausreichend belastbar ist und zum anderen eine schlechte Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist, die im Bereich des Isolierkörpers angestrebt ist. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Formulierung "faserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial" auch solche Faserbewehrungen, insbesondere Glasfaserbewehrungen umfasst, deren Faseranteil, insbesondere Glasfaseranteil höher als 85 Gew.-% ist, so dass das Gewicht des zusätzlich zu den Fasern verwendeten Matrixmaterials, wie Kunstharz weniger als 15 % verglichen mit dem Gewicht dieses Bewehrungselements beträgt.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the transverse force element is designed in the form of a loop with two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another, preferably next to one another or over one another. As a result, transverse force elements can be used that can be optimally adapted to the installation situation in terms of geometry and load capacity. The main advantage of fiber-reinforced plastic material is that, on the one hand, it can be sufficiently loaded in the direction of tensile force and, on the other hand, it has poor thermal conductivity, which is desirable in the area of the insulating body. It should be noted that the wording "fibre-reinforced plastic material" also includes fiber reinforcements, in particular glass fiber reinforcements, whose fiber content, in particular glass fiber content, is higher than 85% by weight, so that the weight of the matrix material used in addition to the fibers, such as synthetic resin, is less than 15% compared to the weight of this reinforcement element.

Aus Gründen der Einbausicherheit, nämlich um beispielsweise einen falschen Einbau zu verhindern, und aus Gründen der größeren Belastbarkeit ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zusätzlich zum Querkraftelement, über das das Druckelement und das Abstützelement miteinander in Wirkverbindung stehen, ein zweites Querkraftelement bezogen auf das Bauelement im eingebauten Zustand zur Aufnahme von Querkräften geneigt zur Horizontalen angeordnet ist und sich das zweite Querkraftelement zwischen dem anderen Ende des Druckelements und dem diesem diagonal gegenüberliegenden Ende des Abstützelements erstreckt und sich die Neigung des zweiten Querkraftelements von derjenigen des Querkraftelements unterscheidet, insbesondere dass beide Neigungen im Wesentlichen symmetrisch zur Vertikalen entgegensetzt zueinander orientiert sind.For reasons of installation safety, namely to prevent incorrect installation, for example, and for reasons of greater load capacity, it is advantageous if, in addition to the transverse force element, via which the pressure element and the support element are in operative connection with one another, a second transverse force element related to the built-in component state for absorbing transverse forces is arranged inclined to the horizontal and the second transverse force element extends between the other end of the pressure element and the diagonally opposite end of the support element and the inclination of the second transverse force element differs from that of the transverse force element, in particular that both inclinations are essentially symmetrical are oriented opposite to each other from the vertical.

Damit die sich in diesem Fall kreuzenden Querkraftelemente nicht miteinander kollidieren bzw. behindern, empfiehlt es sich, wenn die beiden Querkraftelemente jeweils zwei Schlaufenstränge mit unterschiedlichem Abstand zueinander aufweisen. Dadurch kann die Schlaufe des einen Querkraftelements im Kreuzungsbereich innerhalb der Schlaufe des anderen Querkraftelements verlaufen.To ensure that the transverse force elements that cross one another in this case do not collide or impede one another, it is recommended that the two transverse force elements each have two loop strands at different distances from one another. As a result, the loop of one transverse force element can run within the loop of the other transverse force element in the crossing area.

Bezüglich Druckelement und/oder Abstützelement empfiehlt es sich, diese aus einem druckfesten aushärtenden und/oder abbindfähigen Material herzustellen, insbesondere aus einem zementhaltigen, faserbewehrten Baustoff wie Beton, wie hochfester oder ultra-hochfester Beton oder wie hochfester oder ultra-hochfester Mörtel oder aus einem Kunstharzgemisch oder aus einem Reaktionsharz. Damit lassen sich Druckelement und Abstützelement auf einfache Weise in die gewünschte Form bringen. Gleichzeitig sind diese Materialien jeweils vorteilhaft hinsichtlich ihrer Wärmedämmeigenschaften und Kosten.With regard to the pressure element and/or support element, it is advisable to produce these from a pressure-resistant, hardening and/or setting material, in particular from a cementitious, fiber-reinforced building material such as concrete, such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete or such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength mortar or from a synthetic resin mixture or from a reaction resin. This allows the pressure element and support element to be brought into the desired shape in a simple manner. At the same time, these materials are each advantageous in terms of their thermal insulation properties and costs.

Vor allem bei Herstellung durch ein gießfähiges Material lassen sich Druckelement und Abstützelement hinsichtlich ihrer Form optimieren. Dabei empfiehlt es sich auch, wenn das Druckelement auf seiner dem Abstützelement abgewandten Seite eine Vertiefung zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme eines ersten Verankerungsabschnitts des Querkraftelements aufweist und wenn das Abstützelement auf seiner dem Druckelement abgewandten Seite eine Vertiefung zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme eines zweiten Verankerungsabschnittes des Querkraftelements aufweist. Allein dieses Ineinanderstecken von Druckelement und Querkraftelement bzw. Querkraftelement und Abstützelement können für die richtige Positionierung und Funktion dieser Elemente sorgen, ohne dass hierfür aufwändige bzw. komplizierte Vorkehrungen erforderlich wären.The shape of the pressure element and support element can be optimized, particularly when they are made from a castable material. It is also advisable if the pressure element has a depression on its side facing away from the support element for receiving a first anchoring section of the transverse force element in a form-fitting manner and if the support element has a depression for receiving a second anchoring section of the transverse force element in a form-fitting manner on its side facing away from the pressure element. Merely this insertion of pressure element and transverse force element or transverse force element and support element can ensure the correct positioning and functioning of these elements without the need for costly or complicated precautions.

Dabei besteht zweckmäßigerweise der erste Verankerungsabschnitt des schlaufenförmigen Querkraftelements aus einem ersten Scheitelbereich zwischen den zwei sich im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander erstreckenden Schlaufensträngen und der zweite Verankerungsabschnitt des schlaufenförmigen Querkraftelements aus einem zweiten Scheitelbereich zwischen den zwei sich im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander erstreckenden Schlaufensträngen.Expediently, the first anchoring section of the loop-shaped transverse force element consists of a first apex area between the two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another, and the second anchoring section of the loop-shaped transverse force element consists of a second apex area between the two loop strands that extend essentially parallel to one another.

Die Vertiefungen im Bereich von Druckelement und Abstützelement können hierbei in vorteilhafter Weise eine Wickelform zur Herstellung des schlaufenförmigen Querkraftelements bilden, wodurch die Fasern des schlaufenförmigen Querkraftelements die Wickelform, also das Druckelement und/oder das Abstützelement zumindest teilweise und insbesondere flächig im Scheitelbereich der Schlaufenform beaufschlagen und so eine perfekte gegenseitige Anlage und damit eine ideale Kraftübertragung sicherstellen. Es ist zwar von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die Querkraftelemente zusammen mit den tatsächlich bei ihrer Herstellung als Wickelform verwendeten Druck- und/oder Abstützelementen eingebaut werden; ähnliche Effekte lassen sich aber auch schon dann erzielen, wenn nicht die identischen, sondern nur im Wickelformbereich baugleichen Druck- und/oder Abstützelemente beim gemeinsamen Einbau verwendet werden.The depressions in the area of the pressure element and the support element can advantageously form a winding form for producing the loop-shaped transverse force element, as a result of which the fibers of the loop-shaped transverse force element act on the winding form, i.e. the pressure element and/or the support element, at least partially and in particular over a large area in the apex area of the loop form and ensure a perfect mutual contact and thus an ideal power transmission. It is of particular advantage if the transverse force elements are installed together with the pressure and/or support elements actually used in their production as a winding form; However, similar effects can also be achieved if not the identical pressure and/or support elements, but only structurally identical in the winding form area, are used when installed together.

Sowohl für das Druckelement als auch für das Abstützelement empfiehlt es sich, dass diese im Bereich ihres endständigen Querkraftvorsprungs ein an den Bauteilen abwälzbares konvex gewölbtes Kontaktprofil aufweisen, so dass das Druckelement und/oder das Abstützelement eine Gelenkverbindung zwischen den beiden Bauteilen herstellen kann. Dabei sollte die Wölbung des Kontaktprofils im eingebauten Zustand im Horizontalschnitt etwa kreisbogenförmig ausgebildet sein. Außerdem empfiehlt es sich, wenn das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil des Druckelements und/oder des Abstützelements im vertikalen Längsschnitt gewölbt oder zur Vertikalen geneigt ist, insbesondere wenn das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil des Druckelements und das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil des Abstützelements zueinander entgegengesetzte Neigungen aufweisen, sodass sich Druckelement und Abstützelement bei in vertikaler Richtung orientierten Relativbewegungen gegenüber den angrenzenden Bauteilen nicht behindern, sondern idealerweise der Bewegung ähnlich einem Parallelogrammgestänge oder einem Schwenkelement folgen können.It is advisable for both the pressure element and the support element to have a convex contact profile that can be rolled off on the components in the area of their terminal transverse force projection, so that the pressure element and/or the support element can produce an articulated connection between the two components. The curvature of the contact profile in the installed state should be designed approximately in the shape of an arc of a circle in horizontal section. It is also advisable if the front contact profile of the pressure element and/or the support element is curved in vertical longitudinal section or inclined to the vertical, in particular if the front contact profile of the pressure element and the front contact profile of the support element have opposite inclinations to one another, so that the pressure element and the support element do not impede relative movements oriented in the vertical direction in relation to the adjacent components, but ideally can follow the movement similar to a parallelogram linkage or a pivoting element.

Bezüglich der Geometrie von Druckelementen und/oder Abstützelementen ist es außerdem von Vorteil, wenn diese jeweils eine glattwandige und ebene Ober- und Unterseite aufweisen, welche Ober- und Unterseiten sich jeweils in horizontalen Ebenen erstrecken.With regard to the geometry of pressure elements and/or support elements, it is also advantageous if they each have a smooth-walled and level upper and lower side, which upper and lower sides each extend in horizontal planes.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung; hierbei zeigen

Figur 1a und 1
b ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung im eingebauten Zustand in Figur 1a in Vorderansicht und in Figur 1b in Draufsicht;
Figuren 2a, 2b und 2c
ein Teil des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung aus den Figuren 1a und 1b, nämlich ein Druck-/Querkraftmodul bestehend aus Druckelement, Abstützelement und einem die beiden Elemente verbindendes Querkraftelement in Figur 2a in Vorderansicht, in Figur 2b in Draufsicht und in Figur 2c in perspektivischer Draufsicht;
Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c
ein Teil eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung, nämlich ein Druck-/Querkraftmodul bestehend aus Druckelement, Abstützelement und einem die beiden Elemente verbindendes Querkraftelement in Figur 3a in Vorderansicht, in Figur 3b in Draufsicht und in Figur 3c in perspektivischer Draufsicht.
Further features and advantages of the present invention result from the following description of two exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing; show here
Figure 1a and 1
b a component according to the invention for thermal insulation in the installed state Figure 1a in front view and in Figure 1b in top view;
Figures 2a, 2b and 2c
a part of the component according to the invention for thermal insulation from the Figures 1a and 1b , namely a pressure/shear force module consisting of a pressure element, a support element and a shear force element connecting the two elements in Figure 2a in front view, in Figure 2b in plan view and in Figure 2c in perspective plan view;
Figures 3a, 3b and 3c
a part of another component according to the invention for thermal insulation, namely a pressure/shear force module consisting of a pressure element, a support element and a shear force element connecting the two elements Figure 3a in front view, in Figure 3b in top view and in Figure 3c in perspective top view.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung 1 mit einem quaderförmigen Isolierkörper 2, der in einer zwischen zwei Betonbauteilen, nämlich einem getragenen Bauteil A zur Bildung eines Betons und einem tragenden Bauteil B, das aus dem Teil eines Gebäudes besteht, belassenen Bauteilfuge angeordnet zu werden und diese beiden Betonbauteile A, B voneinander in wärmegedämmter Art zu beabstanden, und mit Bewehrungselementen in Form von Zugstäben 3 und in Form von Druckelementen 5. Die Anordnung der Bewehrungselemente erfolgt in der im Stand der Technik bekannten und üblichen Art und Weise, nämlich indem im oberen Bereich des Isolierkörpers 2, in der sogenannten Zugzone, die Zugbewehrungselemente 3 angeordnet sind, die sich im eingebauten Zustand in horizontaler Richtung erstrecken und zur Zugkraftübertragung zwischen den beiden an das Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung 1 angeschlossenen Bauteilen A, B dienen und hierzu in diesen Bauteilen verankert werden. figure 1 shows a component for thermal insulation 1 with a cuboid insulating body 2, to be arranged in a component joint left between two concrete components, namely a supported component A to form a concrete and a supporting component B, which consists of part of a building, and these two Space concrete components A, B from each other in a thermally insulated manner, and with reinforcement elements in the form of tension rods 3 and in the form of pressure elements 5. The reinforcement elements are arranged in the manner known and customary in the prior art, namely by in the upper area of the Insulating body 2, in the so-called tensile zone, the tensile reinforcement elements 3 are arranged, which extend in the installed state in the horizontal direction and serve to transmit tensile forces between the two components A, B connected to the component for thermal insulation 1 and are anchored in these components for this purpose.

Im unteren Bereich, der sogenannten Druckzone des Isolierkörpers 2 werden die Druckelemente 5 angeordnet und zwar ebenso mit horizontaler Erstreckungsrichtung, wobei sie jedoch nur in geringem Maße gegenüber dem Isolierkörper 2 vorstehen. Oberhalb der Druckelemente 5 sind die Abstützelemente 6 angeordnet, die sich ebenfalls in horizontaler Ebene parallel und beabstandet zu den Druckelementen erstrecken und sich im angrenzenden Bauteil formschlüssig abstützen, indem sie relativ zum Isolierkörper in das angrenzende Bauteil vorstehen und dort jeweils endständige Querkraftvorsprünge aufweisen, die in Zusammenhang mit Figur 2 näher beschrieben werden.In the lower area, the so-called pressure zone of the insulating body 2, the pressure elements 5 are arranged, also with a horizontal direction of extension, but they only protrude to a small extent relative to the insulating body 2. Arranged above the pressure elements 5 are the support elements 6, which also extend in a horizontal plane parallel to and at a distance from the pressure elements and are supported in a form-fitting manner in the adjacent component by protruding into the adjacent component relative to the insulating body and having terminal transverse force projections there, which in Related to figure 2 be described in more detail.

Schließlich sind noch Querkraftelemente 4 vorgesehen, die im Bereich des Isolierkörpers 2 geneigt zur Horizontalen verlaufen. Hierbei erstrecken sie sich vom dem tragenden Bauteil B zugewandten Ende 6b der Abstützelemente 6 auf der einen Seite des Isolierkörpers 2 schräg nach unten zum dem getragenen Bauteil A zugewandten Ende 5a der Druckelemente 5 auf der anderen Seite des Isolierkörpers 2.Finally, transverse force elements 4 are also provided, which run inclined to the horizontal in the area of the insulating body 2 . Here they extend from the supporting component B facing end 6b of the support elements 6 on the one side of the insulating body 2 diagonally downwards to the end 5a of the pressure elements 5 facing the supported component A on the other side of the insulating body 2.

Ein unterer dem in der Bauteilfuge angeordneten Isolierkörper zugewandten Randbereich des Bauteils B ist in Figur 1 mit dem Bezugszeichen 9 gekennzeichnet. Er soll einen Versagensbereich andeuten, an dem ein Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung besonders erkennbar wird: Das Druckelement 5 stützt sich mit seinem dem Bauteil zugewandten Endbereich 5b an diesem Bereich 9 des Bauteils B ab. Wenn nun dieser Bereich 9 infolge einer zu großen Belastung abbricht, fehlt es dem Druckelement 5 an einer Abstützung, so dass es die durch die Gewichtskraft des vorkragenden Bauteils A verursachte Belastung nicht auffangen kann. Folglich würde das vorkragende Bauteil A nach unten abknicken, wodurch die Zugstäbe 3 auf Biegung beansprucht würden und die gesamte Konstruktion ggf. so stark beschädigt würde, dass es sogar den Absturz des vorkragenden Bauteils A zur Folge haben könnte.A lower edge region of component B facing the insulating body arranged in the component joint is in figure 1 marked with the reference number 9. It is intended to indicate a failure area in which an aspect of the present invention is particularly recognizable: The pressure element 5 is supported on this area 9 of the component B with its end area 5b facing the component. If this area 9 now breaks off as a result of an excessive load, the pressure element 5 lacks a support, so that it cannot absorb the load caused by the weight of the projecting component A. As a result, the projecting component A would buckle downwards, as a result of which the tension rods 3 would be subjected to bending stress and the entire structure would be damaged so badly that it could even cause the projecting component A to fall.

Da jedoch oberhalb des Druckelements 5 erfindungsgemäß das Abstützelement 6 angeordnet ist, stützt sich dieses am Bauteil B oberhalb des Versagensbereichs 9 ab und kann somit als Ersatz-Druckelement die gesamte Konstruktion vor einer zu starken Beschädigung bis hin zu einem Absturz des vorkragenden Bauteils A schützen. Zwar ist nach einer Beschädigung im Versagensbereich 9 die Konstruktion nicht mehr sicher verwendbar, jedoch können durch das Abstützen des Abstützelements 6 am Bauteil B oberhalb des Versagensbereichs 9 gravierendere Folgen für im Bereich des vorkragenden Bauteils A befindliche Gegenstände und Personen verhindert werden.However, since the support element 6 is arranged above the pressure element 5 according to the invention, it is supported on the component B above the failure area 9 and can therefore, as a replacement pressure element, protect the entire structure from excessive damage or the protruding component A falling. Although the construction can no longer be safely used after damage in the failure area 9, by supporting the support element 6 on the component B above the failure area 9, more serious consequences for objects and people in the area of the protruding component A can be prevented.

Die genaue Ausgestaltung, Anordnung und Zuordnung eines Druckelements 5, eines Abstützelements 6 und eines Querkraftelements 4 ist in den Fig. 2a, 2b und 2c vergrößert dargestellt. Dort erkennt man auf der dem Druckelement 5 abgewandten Oberseite des Abstützelements 6 im Bereich des dem tragenden Bauteil B zugeordneten Endes 6b eine Vertiefung 6c, in die das Querkraftelement 4 mit einem oberen Scheitelbereich 4b, der einen ersten Verankerungsabschnitt bildet, eingreift. Auch am diagonal gegenüberliegenden und dem getragenen Bauteil A zugeordneten Ende 5a des Druckelements 5 ist eine Vertiefung 5d vorgesehen, in die das Querkraftelement 4 mit einem unteren Scheitelbereich 4a, der einen zweiten Verankerungsabschnitt bildet, eingreift.The exact design, arrangement and assignment of a pressure element 5, a support element 6 and a transverse force element 4 is in the Figures 2a, 2b and 2c shown enlarged. There you can see on the upper side of the support element 6 facing away from the pressure element 5 in the area of the end 6b assigned to the load-bearing component B a depression 6c, in which the transverse force element 4 engages with an upper apex area 4b, which forms a first anchoring section. There is also an indentation on the diagonally opposite end 5a of the pressure element 5, which is associated with the component A being carried 5d provided, in which the transverse force element 4 engages with a lower apex region 4a, which forms a second anchoring section.

Vor allem aus der Draufsicht und der perspektivischen Ansicht auf Druckelement 5, Abstützelement 6 und Querkraftelement 4, die zusammen ein Druck-/ Querkraftmodul 7 bilden, kann man erkennen, dass das Querkraftelement 4 schlaufenförmig ausgebildet ist und hierbei jeweils das Druckelement 5 und das Abstützelement 6 um- und hintergreift. Werden Druckelement und Abstützelement bei der Herstellung des schlaufenförmigen Querkraftelements als Wickelrolle für die nassen imprägnierten Kunststofffasern vor deren Aushärten verwendet, so gehen die Kunststofffasern mit Druckelement und Abstützelement nicht nur durch das Umgreifen eine formschlüssige Verbindung, sondern aufgrund der gegenseitigen Anlage beim Aushärten auch zusätzlich eine belastbare Haftverbindung ein.Above all, from the top view and the perspective view of the pressure element 5, support element 6 and transverse force element 4, which together form a pressure/transverse force module 7, it can be seen that the transverse force element 4 is loop-shaped and that the pressure element 5 and the support element 6 embraces and embraces. If the pressure element and support element are used in the production of the loop-shaped transverse force element as a winding roll for the wet, impregnated plastic fibers before they harden, the plastic fibers not only form a positive connection with the pressure element and support element by gripping, but also a resilient connection due to the mutual contact during hardening adhesion connection.

Wesentlich für die vorliegende Erfindung sind insbesondere auch bereits im Zusammenhang mit Figur 1 erwähnte Querkraftvorsprünge 5g, 5h, 6g, 6h, die jeweils die horizontalen Enden des Abstützelements 6 und des Druckelements 5 bilden, mit dem Abstütz- und Druckelement gegenüber dem Isolierkörper in die angrenzenden Bauteile A und B vorstehen. Dabei gehen sie eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Material der Bauteile ein und sorgen somit dafür, dass sich das Abstützelement und das Druckelement so an den Bauteilen abstützen können, dass sie dem sich zwischen Abstütz- und Druckelement erstreckenden Querkraftelement 4 zur Verankerung bzw. als Widerlager dienen können. Denn bei auf das Querkraftelement einwirkender Belastung wird dieses auf Zug belastet, wobei es diese Belastung durch die Verankerung an Abstützelement und Druckelement auf das Abstützelement und das Druckelement weitergibt. Nur dadurch, dass Abstützelement und Druckelement über die Querkraftvorsprünge in den angrenzenden Bauteilen verankert sind, können sie diese Zugbelastung aufnehmen und ihr entgegenwirken.Essential for the present invention are in particular already in connection with figure 1 mentioned transverse force projections 5g, 5h, 6g, 6h, which respectively form the horizontal ends of the support element 6 and the pressure element 5, with the support and pressure element projecting into the adjacent components A and B opposite the insulating body. In doing so, they form a positive connection with the material of the components and thus ensure that the support element and the pressure element can be supported on the components in such a way that they serve as an anchor or abutment for the transverse force element 4 extending between the support and pressure element can. Because when a load acts on the transverse force element, it is subjected to a tensile load, and this load is passed on to the support element and the pressure element through the anchoring on the support element and the pressure element. Only because the support element and pressure element are anchored in the adjacent components via the transverse force projections can they absorb and counteract this tensile load.

In den Fig. 3a, 3b und 3c ist ein alternatives Druck-/Querkraftmodul 17 dargestellt, das aus einem Druckelement 15, einem parallel dazu angeordneten Abstützelement 16 und zwei Querkraftelementen 14a, 14b besteht, die geneigt zur Horizontalen und zur horizontalen Erstreckungsrichtung von Druck- und Abstützelement verlaufen und zueinander über Kreuz angeordnet sind, d.h. dieselbe Steigung, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Vorzeichen haben, wodurch sie zueinander symmetrisch zur Vertikalen verlaufen. Die beiden Querkraftelemente 14a, 14b sind jeweils schlaufenförmig ausgebildet, dabei besteht das Querkraftelement 14a aus zwei endständigen Umlenk- bzw. Scheitelbereichen 14aa, 14ab und zwei die beiden Scheitelbereiche miteinander verbindenden parallel zueinander verlaufenden Schlaufenstränge 14a1, 14a2. Zusammen bilden Scheitelbereiche 14aa und 14ab und Schlaufenstränge 14a1 und 14a2 eine geschlossene Form, die durch Wickeln einer Endlosfaser hergestellt ist.In the Figures 3a, 3b and 3c An alternative pressure/shear force module 17 is shown, which consists of a pressure element 15, a support element 16 arranged parallel thereto and two shear force elements 14a, 14b, which run inclined to the horizontal and to the horizontal direction of extension of the pressure and support element and are arranged crosswise to one another , i.e. the same slope, but with different signs, which means that they are symmetrical to each other with respect to the vertical. The two transverse force elements 14a, 14b are each loop-shaped, with the transverse force element 14a consisting of two terminal deflection or apex areas 14aa, 14ab and two parallel loop strands 14a1, 14a2 connecting the two apex areas. Together, crest portions 14aa and 14ab and loop strands 14a1 and 14a2 form a closed shape made by winding a continuous filament.

Auch hier erkennt man auf der dem Druckelement 15 abgewandten Oberseite des Abstützelements 16 im Bereich des dem tragenden Bauteil B zugeordneten Endes 16b eine Vertiefung 16c, in die das Querkraftelement 14a mit dem oberen Scheitelbereich 14aa, der einen ersten Verankerungsabschnitt bildet, eingreift. Auch am diagonal gegenüberliegenden und dem getragenen Bauteil A zugeordneten Ende 15a des Druckelements 15 ist eine Vertiefung 15c vorgesehen, in die das Querkraftelement 14a mit dem unteren Scheitelbereich 14ab, der einen zweiten Verankerungsabschnitt bildet, eingreift.Here too, on the upper side of the support element 16 facing away from the pressure element 15, in the region of the end 16b assigned to the load-bearing component B, a depression 16c can be seen, into which the transverse force element 14a engages with the upper apex region 14aa, which forms a first anchoring section. A recess 15c is also provided on the diagonally opposite end 15a of the pressure element 15 associated with the carried component A, in which the transverse force element 14a engages with the lower apex region 14ab, which forms a second anchoring section.

Der Unterschied des Druck-/Querkraftmoduls 17 gegenüber dem Druck-/Querkraftmodul 7 besteht - wie vorstehend bereits angedeutet - darin, dass beimThe difference between the pressure/shear force module 17 compared to the pressure/shear force module 7 consists - as already indicated above - in the fact that the

Modul 17 noch das zweite Querkraftelement 14b vorgesehen ist. Dieses ist entsprechend Querkraftelement 14a aus zwei endständigen Umlenk- bzw. Scheitelbereichen 14ba, 14bb und zwei die beiden Scheitelbereiche miteinander verbindenden parallel zueinander verlaufenden Schlaufenstränge 14b1, 14b2 aufgebaut, die zusammen eine geschlossene Schlaufenform bilden.Module 17 nor the second transverse force element 14b is provided. Corresponding to the transverse force element 14a, this is made up of two terminal deflection or apex regions 14ba, 14bb and two parallel loop strands 14b1, 14b2 connecting the two apex regions, which together form a closed loop shape.

Damit dieses Querkraftelement 14b und das Querkraftelement 14a nicht miteinander kollidieren, weisen die beiden Schlaufenstränge 14a1 und 14a2 des Querkraftelements 14a einen geringeren gegenseitigen Abstand auf als die beiden Schlaufenstränge 14b1 und 14b2 des Querkraftelements 14b. Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, dass die Breite des Abstützelements 16 im Bereich der Vertiefung 16c sowie die Breite des Druckelements 15 im Bereich der Vertiefung 15d kleiner sind als die Breite des Abstützelements 16 im Bereich der Vertiefung 16d sowie die Breite des Druckelements 15 im Bereich der Vertiefung 15c.So that this transverse force element 14b and the transverse force element 14a do not collide with one another, the two loop strands 14a1 and 14a2 of the transverse force element 14a have a smaller mutual spacing than the two loop strands 14b1 and 14b2 of the transverse force element 14b. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the width of the support element 16 in the area of the indentation 16c and the width of the pressure element 15 in the area of the indentation 15d are smaller than the width of the support element 16 in the area of the indentation 16d and the width of the pressure element 15 in the area of the recess 15c.

Sowohl das Druckelement 15 als auch das Abstützelement 16 weisen an ihren horizontalen Enden Querkraftvorsprünge 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h auf, mit denen sie gegenüber dem Isolierkörper in die Bauteile A, B vorstehen. Damit die Druckelemente und die Abstützelemente in bekannter Weise eine Gelenkverbindung zwischen den beiden Bauteilen A, B herstellen können, indem sie sich bei Relativbewegungen der beiden Bauteile an diesen pendelgelenkartig abstützen und den Relativbewegungen folgen können, weisen sie an den stirnseitigen Enden der Querkraftvorsprünge ein an den Bauteilen A, B abwälzbares konvex gewölbtes Kontaktprofil auf. Die Wölbung der stirnseitigen Kontaktprofile der Querkraftvorsprünge 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h ist im eingebauten Zustand im Horizontalschnitt etwa kreisbogenförmig ausgebildet. Außerdem ist jeweils das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil der Druckelemente und der Abstützelement im vertikalen Längsschnitt zur Vertikalen geneigt ist, wobei jeweils das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil der Druckelemente und das stirnseitige Kontaktprofil der Abstützelemente zueinander entgegengesetzte Neigungen aufweisen, sodass sich Druckelemente und Abstützelemente bei in vertikaler Richtung orientierten Relativbewegungen gegenüber den angrenzenden Bauteilen nicht bzw. kaum behindern, sondern der Bewegung ähnlich einem Parallelogrammgestänge oder Schwenkgelenk folgen. Druckelemente 5, 15 und Abstützelemente 6, 16 weisen schließlich jeweils eine glattwandige und ebene Ober- und Unterseite 5e, 5f, 15e, 15f, 6e, 6f, 16e, 16f auf, welche Ober- und Unterseiten sich jeweils in horizontalen Ebenen erstrecken.Both the pressure element 15 and the support element 16 have transverse force projections 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h at their horizontal ends, with which they project into the components A, B in relation to the insulating body. So that the pressure elements and the support elements can establish an articulated connection between the two components A, B in the known manner by being supported on them in the manner of a pendulum joint during relative movements of the two components and being able to follow the relative movements, they have at the front ends of the transverse force projections on the Components A, B rollable convex contact profile. The curvature of the end-face contact profiles of the transverse force projections 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h is approximately circular in horizontal section when installed. In addition, the front-side contact profile of the pressure elements and the support element is inclined to the vertical in the vertical longitudinal section, with the front-side contact profile of the pressure elements and the front-side contact profile of the support elements having opposite inclinations to one another, so that the pressure elements and support elements move in relation to the relative movements oriented in the vertical direction do not or hardly impede adjacent components, but follow the movement similar to a parallelogram linkage or swivel joint. Finally, pressure elements 5, 15 and support elements 6, 16 each have a smooth-walled and level upper and lower side 5e, 5f, 15e, 15f, 6e, 6f, 16e, 16f, which upper and lower sides each extend in horizontal planes.

Zusammengefasst bildet die vorliegende Erfindung den Vorteil, mit einfachen Maßnahmen ein Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung zur Verfügung zu stellen, das ein Druck-/Querkraftmodul aufweist, welches durch seinen optimierten Aufbau und die dabei verwendeten Materialien deutlich verbesserte Wärmedämmeigenschaften aufweist. Zusätzlich stellt es noch eine Versagenssicherung durch die zusätzlich zu den Druckelementen eingebauten Abstützelemente zur Verfügung.In summary, the present invention has the advantage of providing a component for thermal insulation using simple measures, which has a pressure/shearing force module that has significantly improved thermal insulation properties due to its optimized structure and the materials used. In addition, it provides protection against failure through the support elements installed in addition to the pressure elements.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

  • 1 - Bauelement zur Wärmedämmung1 - Building element for thermal insulation
  • 2 - Isolierkörper2 - insulating body
  • 3 - Zugstäbe3 - tension rods
  • 4 - Querkraftelemente4 - Shear elements
  • 4a - unterer Scheitelbereich eines Querkraftelements4a - lower apex area of a shear force element
  • 4b - oberer Scheitelbereich eines Querkraftelements4b - upper crest area of a shear force element
  • 5 - Druckelement5 - pressure element
  • 5a - dem Bauteil A zugeordneter Endbereich des Druckelements 55a - the end area of the pressure element 5 assigned to the component A
  • 5b - dem Bauteil B zugeordneter Endbereich des Druckelements 55b - the end area of the pressure element 5 assigned to the component B
  • 5d - Vertiefung auf Unterseite des Druckelements im Endbereich 5a5d - Deepening on the underside of the pressure element in the end area 5a
  • 5e - Oberseite des Druckelements 55e - top of pressure element 5
  • 5f - Unterseite des Druckelements 55f - underside of the pressure element 5
  • 5g - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 55g - lateral force projection of the pressure element 5
  • 5h - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 55h - lateral force projection of the pressure element 5
  • 6 - Abstützelement6 - supporting element
  • 6a - dem Bauteil A zugeordneter Endbereich des Abstützelements 66a - the end region of the support element 6 assigned to the component A
  • 6b - dem Bauteil B zugeordneter Endbereich des Abstützelements 66b - the end area of the support element 6 assigned to the component B
  • 6c - Vertiefung auf Oberseite des Abstützelements im Endbereich 6b6c - depression on top of the support element in the end area 6b
  • 6e - Oberseite des Abstützelements6e - top of the support element
  • 6f - Unterseite des Abstützelements6f - underside of the support element
  • 6g - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 66g - lateral force protrusion of the pressure element 6
  • 6h - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 66h - lateral force projection of the pressure element 6
  • 7 - Druck-/Querkraftmodul7 - pressure/shear force module
  • 9 - Versagensbereich9 - failure area
  • 14a, 14b - Querkraftelemente14a, 14b - transverse force elements
  • 14aa - unterer Scheitelbereich des Querkraftelements 14a14aa - lower apex area of the transverse force element 14a
  • 14ab - oberer Scheitelbereich des Querkraftelements 14a14ab - upper apex area of the transverse force element 14a
  • 14a1, 14a2 - Schlaufenstränge des Querkraftelements 14a14a1, 14a2 - loop strands of the transverse force element 14a
  • 14ba - unterer Scheitelbereich des Querkraftelements 14b14ba - lower apex area of the transverse force element 14b
  • 14bb - oberer Scheitelbereich des Querkraftelements 14b14bb - upper apex area of the transverse force element 14b
  • 14b1, 14b2 - Schlaufenstränge des Querkraftelements 14b14b1, 14b2 - loop strands of the transverse force element 14b
  • 15 - Druckelement15 - pressure element
  • 15a - dem Bauteil A zugeordneter Endbereich des Druckelements 1515a - the end area of the pressure element 15 assigned to the component A
  • 15b - dem Bauteil B zugeordneter Endbereich des Druckelements 1515b - the end area of the pressure element 15 assigned to the component B
  • 15c - Vertiefung auf Unterseite des Druckelements im Endbereich 15b15c - depression on the underside of the pressure element in the end area 15b
  • 15d - Vertiefung auf Unterseite des Druckelements im Endbereich 15a15d - depression on the underside of the pressure element in the end area 15a
  • 15e - Oberseite des Druckelements15e - top of the pressure element
  • 15f - Unterseite des Druckelements15f - underside of the pressure element
  • 15g - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 15 am dem Bauteil B zugewandten Ende15g - lateral force projection of the pressure element 15 at the end facing the component B
  • 15h - Querkraftvorsprung des Druckelements 15 am dem Bauteil A zugewandten Ende15h - lateral force projection of the pressure element 15 at the end facing the component A
  • 16 - Abstützelement16 - supporting element
  • 16a - dem Bauteil A zugeordneter Endbereich des Abstützelements 1616a - the end region of the support element 16 assigned to the component A
  • 16b - dem Bauteil B zugeordneter Endbereich des Abstützelements 1616b - the end region of the support element 16 assigned to the component B
  • 16c - Vertiefung auf Oberseite des Abstützelements im Endbereich 16b16c - depression on top of the support element in the end region 16b
  • 16d - Vertiefung auf Unterseite des Abstützelements im Endbereich 16a16d - depression on the underside of the support element in the end area 16a
  • 16e - Oberseite des Abstützelements16e - top of the support element
  • 16f - Unterseite des Abstützelements16f - underside of the support element
  • 16g - Querkraftvorsprung des Abstützelements 16 am dem Bauteil B zugewandten Ende16g - lateral force projection of the support element 16 at the end facing the component B
  • 16h - Querkraftvorsprung des Abstützelements 16 am dem Bauteil A zugewandten Ende16h - lateral force projection of the support element 16 at the end facing the component A
  • 17 - Druck-/Querkraftmodul17 - pressure/shear force module
  • A - BetonbauteilA - concrete member
  • B - BetonbauteilB - concrete member

Claims (14)

  1. Structural element for thermal insulation between a load-bearing (B) and a supported (A) component, in particular between a building and a projecting external part, with an insulating body (2) to be arranged between the two components, and with reinforcing elements in the form of at least pressure elements (5, 15), which in the installed state of the structural element, extend through the insulating body essentially horizontally to and transversely to the essentially horizontal longitudinal extension of the insulating body, and can be connected at least indirectly to both components (A, B), wherein the structural element (1) has additional reinforcing elements in the form of elements (3) transmitting tractive forces, and wherein support elements (6, 16) are assigned to the pressure elements (5, 15), which support elements are arranged relative to the structural element (1) in the installed state at a different height level than the pressure elements, wherein in each case a pressure element (5, 15) and a support element (6, 16) are operatively connected to one another via a transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b),
    characterised in that
    the support elements (6, 16) are arranged below the traction elements (3) and below a traction zone in relation to the structural element (1) in the installed state.
  2. Structural element according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the support elements (6, 16) are arranged above the pressure elements (5, 15) in relation to the structural element (1) in the installed state.
  3. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the support elements (6, 16) and/or the pressure elements (5, 15) each project relative to the insulating body, in particular by at most a dimension corresponding to the height of the support elements and/or the pressure elements, and form in these projecting regions transverse force projections (5g, 5h, 6g, 6h, 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h) for supporting in the adjacent components (A, B).
  4. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    a pressure element (5, 15) and a support element (6, 16) are assigned to one another in pairs and are arranged in the structural element (1) together with at least one transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) connecting them to one another.
  5. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    in the installed state of the structural element (1), the support elements (6, 16) extend through the insulating body substantially horizontally and transversely to the essentially horizontal longitudinal extension of the insulating body (2), and can be connected at least indirectly to both components, in that the support elements (6, 16) are arranged spaced apart from the pressure elements (5, 15) and/or in that the support elements (6, 16) extend essentially parallel to and/or equidistant from the pressure elements (5, 15).
  6. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) is fixed to the pressure element (5, 15) and/or the support element (6, 16), in particular by a mutual form-fitting connection.
  7. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) consists at least partly of fibre-reinforced plastic material.
  8. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) is configured to be in the form of a loop with two loop strands (14a1, 14a2, a4b1, 14b2) extending essentially parallel to one another preferably next to one another or above one another.
  9. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) is arranged inclined to the horizontal with respect to the structural element (1) in the installed state for absorbing transverse forces and extends between one end (5a, 15a) of the pressure element (5, 15) and the diagonally opposite end (6b, 16b) of the support element (6, 16).
  10. Structural element according to at least claim 9,
    characterised in that
    in addition to the transverse force element (14a), which operatively connects the pressure element (15) and the support element (16), a second transverse force element (14b) is arranged inclined to the horizontal relative to the structural element (1) in the installed state for absorbing transverse forces, and in that the second transverse force element (14b) extends between the other end (15b) of the pressure element (15) and the diagonally opposite end (16a) of the support element (16), and in that the inclination of the second transverse force element (14b) differs from that of the transverse force element (14a), in particular in that both inclinations are oriented opposite one another essentially symmetrical to the vertical, and in that the two transverse force elements each have two loop strands (14a1, 14a2, 14b1, 14b2) at different distances from one another.
  11. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the pressure element (5, 15) and/or the support element (6, 16) consist(s) of a hardening and/or setting material, in particular of a cement-containing, fibre-reinforced building material such as concrete, such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete or such as high-strength or ultra-high-strength mortar or of a synthetic resin mixture or of a reaction resin.
  12. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the pressure element (5, 15) on its side (5f, 15f) facing away from the support element (6, 16) has a depression (5d, 15c, 15d) for receiving in a form-fitting manner a first anchoring section (4a, 14aa, 14bb) of the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b), and in that the support element (6, 16) on its side (6e, 16e) facing away from the pressure element (5, 15) has a depression (6c, 16c, 16d) for receiving in a form-fitting manner a second anchoring section (4b, 14ab, 14ba) of the transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b).
  13. Structural element according to at least claim 8 and claim 12,
    characterised in that
    the first anchoring section (4a, 14aa, 14bb) of the loop-shaped transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) consists of a first apex region between the two loop strands (14a1, 14a2, 14b1, 14b2) extending essentially parallel to one another and the second anchoring section (4b, 14ab, 14ba) of the loop-shaped transverse force element (4, 14a, 14b) consists of a second apex region between the two loop strands (14a1, 14a2, 14b1, 14b2) extending essentially parallel to one another.
  14. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the pressure element (5, 15) and/or the support element (6, 16) have in their regions projecting with respect to the insulating body and supported on the adjacent components (A, B) terminal transverse force projections (5g, 5h, 6g, 6h, 15g, 15h, 16g, 16h) each having a convexly curved end-face contact profile which can roll off on the components (A, B), so that the pressure element and/or the support element can form an articulated connection between the two components (A, B), in that the curvature of the contact profile in the installed state is approximately in the form of a circular arc in the horizontal section and/or in that the contact profile of the pressure element (5, 15) and/or the support element (6, 16) is curved or inclined to the vertical in the vertical longitudinal section, in particular wherein the end-face contact profile of the pressure element (15) and the end-face contact profile of the support element (16) have mutually opposed inclinations.
EP18185110.6A 2017-08-17 2018-07-24 Structural element for heat insulation Active EP3444409B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017118745.6A DE102017118745A1 (en) 2017-08-17 2017-08-17 Component for thermal insulation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3444409A1 EP3444409A1 (en) 2019-02-20
EP3444409B1 true EP3444409B1 (en) 2023-08-09

Family

ID=63041834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18185110.6A Active EP3444409B1 (en) 2017-08-17 2018-07-24 Structural element for heat insulation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3444409B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102017118745A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1564336B1 (en) * 2004-02-11 2007-09-19 HALFEN GmbH Thermally insulating construction element

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10102930A1 (en) 2001-01-23 2002-07-25 Schoeck Entwicklungsgmbh Component for thermal insulation
DE3700295C2 (en) * 1987-01-07 1993-11-11 Schoeck Bauteile Gmbh Building insulation element
DE4009987C2 (en) 1990-03-28 1995-08-24 Schoeck Bauteile Gmbh Thermal insulation component
DE4103278A1 (en) 1991-02-04 1992-08-13 Schoeck Bauteile Gmbh Thermal insulation element between balcony and main building - has sealing rings to prevent corrosion of reinforcing rods
DE19623298C2 (en) * 1996-05-23 2000-11-16 Richard Moosmann Fastener
DE10102931A1 (en) 2001-01-23 2002-07-25 Schoeck Entwicklungsgmbh Component for thermal insulation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1564336B1 (en) * 2004-02-11 2007-09-19 HALFEN GmbH Thermally insulating construction element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3444409A1 (en) 2019-02-20
DE102017118745A1 (en) 2019-04-11

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