EP3442754B1 - Hand-werkzeugmaschine mit einem antriebsmotor - Google Patents

Hand-werkzeugmaschine mit einem antriebsmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3442754B1
EP3442754B1 EP17717656.7A EP17717656A EP3442754B1 EP 3442754 B1 EP3442754 B1 EP 3442754B1 EP 17717656 A EP17717656 A EP 17717656A EP 3442754 B1 EP3442754 B1 EP 3442754B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive motor
motor
housing
hand
current supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17717656.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3442754A1 (de
Inventor
Nico Walker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Festool GmbH
Original Assignee
Festool GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Festool GmbH filed Critical Festool GmbH
Publication of EP3442754A1 publication Critical patent/EP3442754A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3442754B1 publication Critical patent/EP3442754B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/18—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like
    • B24B7/182—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like for walls and ceilings
    • B24B7/184—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like for walls and ceilings pole sanders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/02—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/008—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/18—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like
    • B24B7/186—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like with disc-type tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand machine tool, in particular a grinding machine, with a rod-shaped handle element according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a hand machine tool in the form of a wall and ceiling grinder is for example in DE 10 2008 055 797 A1 described.
  • the drive motor is arranged protruding in the direction of the handle element.
  • a switch arrangement directly on the handle element makes it possible to switch the drive motor on and off and to set its speed.
  • a hand machine tool is provided in accordance with the technical teaching of claim 1.
  • the brushless motor has an optimal power output with a relatively low weight. It can also be energized using the energization device in terms of power output and / or speed.
  • a gear is arranged directly on the machining head, via which the tool holder is driven.
  • the transmission is a transmission that reduces a speed of the drive motor, in particular a toothed transmission.
  • the drive motor can rotate at a higher speed than the tool holder, which is reduced from the gearbox to the tool holder, the torque of the tool holder increasing at the same time.
  • a small, compact drive motor can be used, the torque of which is smaller than the torque given off on the tool holder.
  • the transmission can also perform other functions or comprise corresponding transmission components.
  • the transmission can comprise a transmission generating a hypercycloid movement or superimposed rotary movements of the tool holder and / or a transmission generating an eccentric movement of the tool holder or to have corresponding transmission components.
  • an eccentric gear and / or a hypercycloid gear can be part of the gear or connected to the gear.
  • the brushless motor has no sliding contacts or brushes. No electrical connections, for example slip rings, brushes or the like, are necessary between an excitation coil arrangement fixed to the housing or a stator of the brushless motor and its rotor.
  • the brushless motor does not wear out, or at least significantly less than a conventional universal motor or commutator motor.
  • At least one sensor for example a magnetic or optical sensor, for detecting a rotational angle position of the rotor relative to the stator or rotor position relative to the stator can be provided on the drive motor.
  • the lighting device includes, for example, a so-called electronic commutator.
  • the commutation is preferably sensorless, that is to say that no sensors for detecting a rotor position are necessary on the drive motor itself or its excitation coil arrangement, for example magnetic sensors for detecting the magnetic flux of the rotor, optical sensors or the like. Furthermore, no data line for transmitting sensor signals from a sensor which is arranged directly on the drive motor to the energization device is necessary and / or provided. If the energization device and the drive motor are far apart, simplified wiring is possible.
  • sensor-based or sensor-controlled commutation of the energization device is also readily possible.
  • at least one sensor is then present on the drive motor, which detects a rotational angle position of the rotor with respect to the stator or the excitation coil arrangement and reports it as a data signal to the energization device via a data line.
  • the energization device is arranged directly next to or on a handle area for gripping the handle element by an operator.
  • the energization device can also be located, for example, between two handle areas that are usually gripped by the operator , for example if the operator guides the hand machine tool with two hands or two hands.
  • the handle areas are advantageously provided on handle bar sections of a handle bar, between which the energization device is arranged.
  • the energization device is arranged in a housing.
  • the housing is arranged, for example, on a handle bar of the handle element.
  • the current supply device comprises, for example, an arrangement of a plurality of half bridges and / or a plurality of power electronic switches, for example MosFets or the like.
  • the energization device can comprise, for example, an electrical transformer and / or other components for processing a mains voltage or a voltage of an energy store. In practice, these components have a considerable weight.
  • the arrangement of the lighting device on the handle element results in a favorable center of gravity, which means that a housing having the lighting device can be gripped directly by the operator or is arranged close to a handle area that is usually used by the operator when operating and using the hand-held machine tool becomes.
  • the hand-held machine tool expediently has a connection device for connecting to an electrical power supply network, in particular an AC voltage network.
  • an electrical power supply network in particular an AC voltage network.
  • the energization device converts, for example, the AC voltage into an intermediate circuit DC voltage.
  • the hand-held machine tool can have an energy storage connection for an electrical energy storage, for example a battery pack, a fuel cell or the like. Thereby the hand machine tool can be operated independently of a power supply network.
  • an electrical energy storage for example a battery pack, a fuel cell or the like.
  • the line arrangement comprises conductors or exactly one conductor for each phase of an excitation coil arrangement of the drive motor.
  • a three-phase excitation coil arrangement for example, a total of three conductors or exactly three conductors can be provided.
  • a number of the phases of the drive motor thus preferably corresponds exactly to a number of the conductors of the line arrangement.
  • the drive motor can also have only one or two phases or more than three phases, for example six phases. In this case, one conductor, two conductors or six conductors are then provided in the line arrangement.
  • an additional ground conductor forms a component of the line arrangement and serves as a return conductor for the current-carrying conductors provided for energizing the excitation coil arrangement.
  • the line arrangement comprises only a few lines or conductors. This facilitates, for example, shielding the line arrangement and / or contacts between sections of the line arrangement, namely if the handle element is in several parts, for example has handle elements that are detachable and / or movably mounted on one another.
  • the line arrangement therefore expediently comprises lines provided exclusively for energizing the drive motor.
  • the lines which supply the phases of the excitation coil arrangement with current are shielded by one or more electromagnetically shielding shielding devices.
  • the lines run in an electromagnetic shielding hose or braid. It is easily possible to individually shield each of the lines electromagnetically. However, it is advantageous if several lines are shielded together. However, individually shielded lines can also run through a shielding device that shields at least two lines together. The at least one shielding device protects the surroundings of the line arrangement against electromagnetic influences and, conversely, the line arrangement against electromagnetic influences from the environment.
  • the line arrangement comprises at least one data line or that at least one data line runs between the processing head and the energization device.
  • one sensor signal or several sensor signals from at least one sensor on the drive motor can be transmitted via a data line.
  • the sensor signal can originate, for example, from a sensor that transmits a temperature and / or speed and / or a rotational position of the rotor of the drive motor or another function variable of the drive motor to the energization device.
  • a data line can form part of the line arrangement, for example.
  • the line routing can be limited, for example, to those current-carrying lines which are necessary for energizing the excitation coil arrangement of the drive motor. It is therefore particularly preferred if no data line is necessary.
  • the energization device and the drive motor each have a cooling device, for example one or more fans. Cooling of the energization device is thus independent of cooling of the drive motor.
  • the cooling devices work independently of one another, so that, for example, the current supply device and the drive motor can be cooled individually and as required.
  • the distance between the energizing device and the tool holder, which is close to the drive motor, has the advantage that, for example, dust, chips or the like arising from the use of the machining tool cannot get directly into the energizing device, so that they contaminate the cooling device or fan there, for example .
  • a fan wheel is arranged on the motor shaft of the drive motor in a rotationally fixed manner. The drive motor thus drives its fan, so to speak.
  • the distance between the energization device and the processing head is preferably relatively long. For example, this distance is at least twice or three times the diameter of the machining head. Another possibility of expressing this greater distance is if it is provided that the distance between the lighting device and the machining head corresponds to at least twice or three times the length of the lighting device and / or its housing.
  • the drive motor is arranged in a housing that shields it electromagnetically.
  • the hand-held power tool advantageously has an energy storage connection for an electrical energy storage device, for example a battery pack, and / or a connection device for connecting to an electrical power supply network, for example 220-240 V or 110-120 V or another AC voltage network.
  • an electrical power supply network for example 220-240 V or 110-120 V or another AC voltage network.
  • a variant of the invention provides that an axis of rotation of the output of the drive motor and an axis of rotation of the tool holder are parallel to one another.
  • the transmission does not need to implement an angular deflection, which means that, for example, a relatively noisy angular transmission is not necessary.
  • gear components are saved.
  • Another variant of the invention provides that the axis of rotation of the output and the axis of rotation of the tool holder are oriented at a small angle to one another, namely by a maximum of 30 °, preferably a maximum of 10 ° or a maximum of 20 °.
  • the drive motor protrudes upward in front of an upper side of the machining head facing away from the machining side of the machining tool.
  • a configuration is preferred in which the drive motor does not protrude over a machining surface, for example a grinding surface, polishing surface or the like, of the machining tool to the side or transversely to the axis of rotation of the tool holder. Furthermore, it is expedient if the drive motor does not protrude across a cover, for example a protective hood or suction hood, for the machining tool transversely to the axis of rotation of the tool holder.
  • the drive motor is expediently arranged outside a center of gravity or center of the machining head.
  • the drive motor is preferably provided, so to speak, off-center on the machining head.
  • the drive motor is arranged on the machining head next to at least one pivot axis of the joint arrangement.
  • This pivot axis is preferably a pivot axis running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the handle element. This can contribute to the fact that the processing head can move more freely with respect to the handle element.
  • An advantageous arrangement provides that the pivot axis, next to which the drive motor is arranged, runs between the drive motor and a line arrangement connected to the processing head.
  • the drive motor prefferably be arranged in a plane of another pivot axis of the joint arrangement, for example a pivot axis which is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the aforementioned pivot axis.
  • a pivot axis which is transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the aforementioned pivot axis.
  • the longitudinal axis of the handle element is also provided.
  • the drive motor is preferably arranged in a motor housing, on which at least one protective body is provided for damping a mechanical impact acting on the motor housing.
  • at least one protective bracket for protecting the motor housing against mechanical stress can also be arranged.
  • the drive motor or its motor housing is thus advantageously protected against impacts and other mechanical influences.
  • the protective body can be an impact absorber, for example.
  • the protective body expediently consists of an elastic material, for example an elastic plastic material and / or rubber.
  • the protective body preferably has an annular shape.
  • the protective body is expediently arranged on an area of the motor housing facing away from a processing side of the processing head.
  • it is designed and arranged as a type of protective sleeve, as a protective ring or the like.
  • the protective body is preferably designed as a plug-in component that can be detached from the motor housing and that can be plugged into a plug-in receptacle of the motor housing.
  • a plug receptacle is accordingly provided on the motor housing.
  • a jamming and / or locking of the protective body on the motor housing is also advantageously present, that is to say clamping means and / or locking means are provided. If necessary, the protective body can then be easily replaced, for example with a more elastic protective body or an undamaged protective body.
  • a protective circuit with at least one electrical isolating switch for separating a connection between at least one electrical line of the line arrangement and a phase of an excitation coil arrangement of the drive motor that can be supplied with current via this line is arranged on the drive motor.
  • a disconnector is provided locally on the drive motor, which can electrically deactivate an electrical line of the line arrangement.
  • the energization device can therefore without special monitoring supply the excitation coil arrangement with current so that the rotor of the drive motor rotates.
  • the disconnector switches the power supply to this phase, to which the disconnector is assigned, locally and directly at the drive motor, so that the drive motor is protected.
  • a switch can be provided between two separate lines and the separate phases of the excitation coil arrangement supplied by them. Each of these phases can be separated or electrically isolated from the line supplying them by a disconnector.
  • a possible or expediently provided data line or sensor line from the drive motor to the energization device, via which faults in the drive motor of the energization device can be reported, is not necessary.
  • the concept works very quickly, i.e. that the respective disconnector switches actively before a possible destruction or damage to the drive motor and / or disconnects the electrical power supply for the phase assigned to it. There is no need to fear any loss of time due to the fact that the energization device must recognize a fault in the drive motor and only then switch off the power supply.
  • At least one of the isolating switches or the isolating switch is preferably a thermally actuable switch which, depending on a predetermined temperature, separates the line from the phase of the excitation coil arrangement assigned to it. If the drive motor threatens to overheat, the disconnector switches off the power supply for the phase assigned to it.
  • the thermally actuable switch includes, for example, a bimetal switch. This advantageously comprises a bimetallic element which directly connects or disconnects electrical contacts of the isolating switch from one another and / or has at least one electrical contact.
  • the isolating switch can also be an electrically actuable switch or can comprise such a switch which, when a predetermined voltage and / or a predetermined current flow is exceeded, disconnects the line from the phase assigned to it.
  • the switch detects a current flow through a coil of the coil arrangement, which is supplied with current by the line, or a current flow in the line itself.
  • the switch can also detect a voltage, so that, for example, the overvoltage exceeds a predetermined value Switch separates the line and the phase assigned to it.
  • disconnector for forming the disconnector is also possible, or that a disconnector can be provided which has several functions, i.e. for example, can be actuated thermally and electrically. Different functional switches can be connected in series, for example, so that the line or phase to be monitored is switched off in the event of several types of faults, i.e. both in the event of overheating (thermal shutdown) and, for example, in the event of an electrical hazard (shutdown / disconnection if the voltage or current is too high).
  • the isolating switch is not only connected between a line and its assigned phase, but between two or more lines and their assigned phases.
  • the isolating switch is therefore preferably designed to separate electrical connections between at least two electrical lines of the line arrangement and the phases of the excitation coil arrangement which can be supplied with current via these lines.
  • the isolating switch thus has, for example, electrical contact pairs, each of which a contact pair of a connection between an electrical line and the phase of the excitation coil arrangement supplied by this line is connected.
  • an arrangement of two or more isolating switches comprises an isolating switch which can be actuated by a first physical, for example thermal, action, while the other isolating switch can be actuated by a second physical action, for example an electrical action (current, voltage or the like).
  • the at least one disconnector is arranged on a stator, for example a laminated core, of the drive motor.
  • a stator for example a laminated core
  • the isolating switch directly on the excitation coil arrangement of the drive motor, for example for detecting a current flow or a voltage. Due to the arrangement directly on an excitation coil, overheating can also be detected very quickly by the isolating switch.
  • a preferred concept provides that the at least one disconnector is arranged in a protective housing.
  • the isolating switch is thus protected from mechanical damage, for example.
  • the protective housing can be in several parts, that is to say, for example, have a housing base and a housing cover, so that it can be easily opened and closed.
  • the housing parts of the protective housing are preferably locked or can be locked together.
  • the protective housing preferably has a receiving chamber in which the disconnector is completely received, i.e. encased from all sides.
  • the protective housing can also be a partial housing, for example, which covers the isolating switch, the isolating switch preferably being attached directly to the drive motor with one side, for example its stator.
  • the protective housing expediently has two housing parts, for example a thermally conductive housing part and / or a thermally insulating housing part, between which the isolating switch is arranged.
  • the thermally conductive Housing part is arranged on the drive motor, while the thermally insulating housing part is provided on a side of the protective housing facing away from the drive motor.
  • heat is conducted from the drive motor to the isolating switch accommodated in the housing. Heat coming from outside, which could otherwise undesirably trigger the isolating switch, ie could actuate the isolating switch to separate the connection between the conductor and the phase of the excitation coil arrangement, is thus prevented from the protective housing.
  • the isolating switch in particular the protective housing, is thermally and / or electrically insulated on a side facing away from the drive motor.
  • the protective housing there has a corresponding thermally insulating plastic material.
  • an overmolding or a cover with a correspondingly insulating plastic on the disconnector could serve as thermal and / or electrical insulation.
  • a heat-conducting element is arranged between the at least one isolating switch and an electrical or mechanical component of the drive motor, for example its stator or excitation coil arrangement.
  • the heat-conducting element is designed, for example, as a pillow or as a pad.
  • the heat-conducting element is arranged, for example, over the entire surface or essentially over the entire surface between the protective housing and the mechanical component of the drive motor.
  • the disconnector is loaded by a spring arrangement, for example a spring, in the direction of a component, for example the stator, of the drive motor.
  • the isolating switch is thus pressed, for example, for a thermally optimal transmission in the direction of the stator or the other component by the spring arrangement.
  • a heat-conducting element can be provided between the disconnector and the drive motor.
  • This or another compensating means is preferably provided for establishing a substantially full-surface contact between the isolating switch and a component, for example the stator, of the drive motor.
  • the energization device has a current monitoring device for detecting a current flow on the line connected to the at least one isolating switch. If, for example, the isolating switch disconnects the current flow between this line and the phase of the excitation coil arrangement, no more current flows.
  • the energization device is designed to switch off further lines, in particular all lines between the energization device and the drive motor, as a function of a current flow via the line connected to the at least one isolating switch. If, for example, the current monitoring device detects that no more current flows to the stator or the excitation coil arrangement via the line which is switched off by the isolating switch, it also switches off the other lines. It is advantageous if the energization device switches off completely when the isolating switch goes into the isolating position.
  • the current supply device has, for example, a microprocessor control which can react to such operating states.
  • a microprocessor of the microprocessor control e.g. Program code of a control program for controlling the lighting device.
  • the energization device recognizes, for example on the basis of a switching behavior of electronic switches of its commutation device, that the at least one isolating switch has gone into the isolating position, that is to say has separated the phase of the excitation coil arrangement assigned to it from the line assigned to it.
  • an excitation coil arrangement of the drive motor has a plurality of excitation coils, the electrical isolating switch forming the only isolating switch arranged on the drive motor for separating a connection between the energizing device and the driving motor and / or no further isolating switch on the driving motor for separating a connection between the energizing device and the drive motor is arranged.
  • the drive motor advantageously has a stator with an excitation coil arrangement and a rotor with a motor shaft, which has an output for driving the tool holder.
  • a fan wheel is expediently connected to the motor shaft in a rotationally fixed manner or is rotationally coupled, the motor shaft being rotatably supported at its longitudinal end regions with an output bearing arranged in the region of the output and with a motor bearing arranged at the other longitudinal end region.
  • the excitation coil arrangement is arranged between the fan wheel and the output of the motor shaft and the fan wheel is designed to generate a cooling air flow flowing through the drive motor from the fan wheel to the output.
  • the fan wheel forms part of a pressure fan or represents a pressure fan, i.e. that the air is sucked in from the side facing away from the tool holder and then pushed through the stator, so to speak, in order to cool the excitation coil arrangement in particular.
  • the cooling air is from a relatively clean area, i.e. where there is relatively little swarf, dust and the like sucked in, so that contamination of the motor is significantly less or is even avoided.
  • the drive motor needs, for example, only two bearings, namely an output bearing close to the output and one engine bearing removed therefrom.
  • the motor bearing simultaneously forms a bearing for that motor shaft section which is rotationally coupled to the fan wheel or to which the fan wheel is fastened in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the output bearing can be close to a gearbox so that no further bearing is required to support the motor shaft.
  • the output for driving the tool holder is rotationally coupled to a gear which drives the tool holder.
  • the transmission is or comprises, for example, a gear transmission, in particular a bevel gear transmission and / or a transmission reducing or increasing a speed of the drive motor with respect to the tool holder.
  • seals and / or bearings can be saved, for example.
  • the gear unit contributes to the encapsulation or dust protection of the drive motor and / or is itself sealed against dust. Both contribute to less wear on the hand machine tool.
  • the transmission expediently forms an encapsulated module.
  • a preferred measure provides, for example, that the transmission is arranged in an encapsulated, in particular dust-tight, transmission housing.
  • the gear housing has, for example, housing parts or housing walls which delimit an interior of the gear housing in which the movable components, for example gear wheels, bearings or the like, are accommodated in a protected manner. Only at the interfaces to the outside, where the output of the drive motor is arranged or an output for the tool holder and the tool holder itself, are openings available. These openings can also advantageously be closed by encapsulated and / or dustproof bearings.
  • a sealing arrangement between the housing parts of the gear housing in particular a seal with an O-ring, can form an additional seal of the gear housing.
  • a wall is arranged between the transmission and the stator of the drive motor and is sealed with respect to the cooling air flow.
  • the cooling air flow does not flow from the drive motor into the transmission.
  • the wall can be formed, for example, by a cover of the motor housing.
  • the wall can also be formed by a housing wall of the gear housing. Combinations are possible. It can be provided that a housing wall of the gear housing and a cover or a top wall of the motor housing lie side by side and / or on top of one another and form the wall between the gear unit and the stator.
  • the driven gear can be formed, for example, by a toothing which is arranged directly on the motor shaft, or can be arranged directly on the motor shaft.
  • a transmission housing of the transmission has an insertion opening for the output of the drive motor.
  • a seal for the output is expediently provided at the insertion opening or another connection between the output and the gear housing. The output can thus be connected to the gearbox in a dust-tight manner.
  • the motor housing has outflow openings for the cooling air flow which are arranged between the driven bearing and the excitation coil arrangement.
  • outflow openings for the cooling air flow which are arranged between the driven bearing and the excitation coil arrangement.
  • outflow openings for the cooling air flow are provided exclusively between the output bearing and the excitation coil arrangement. These outflow openings are preferably arranged and / or configured radially with respect to the motor shaft. The cooling air flow therefore flows from the motor bearing in the direction of the output bearing, but not directly past it, which can help, for example, to reduce or avoid contamination or other impairment of the output bearing by the cooling air flow.
  • the outflow openings as a whole or at least one outflow opening for the outflow of the cooling air flow are arranged and / or configured radially with respect to the motor shaft.
  • the cooling air flow thus does not flow out of the motor housing, or not only axially along the longitudinal axis of the motor shaft, but radially outwards.
  • At least one outflow opening or all outflow openings for the outflow of the cooling air flow are directed towards a working area of the hand machine tool, so that the cooling air flow flowing out of the at least one outflow opening or the outflow openings at least partially blows the working area freely. It is preferred if the outflow openings or the at least one outflow opening are directed forward in the working direction of the hand machine tool. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the work area can also be blown free laterally by the cooling air flow.
  • the outflow openings extend over an angular range on the motor housing in such a way that both the working area directly in front in the working direction in front of the hand machine tool can be blown free by the cooling air flow, and also in an angular range of, for example, 10-40 ° to the side in the working direction to the front directed axis line.
  • the outflow openings are arranged in an arc around the motor shaft, in particular in a peripheral region of 30-180 ° of the motor housing.
  • outflow openings are radially spaced from an outer circumference of the stator.
  • Outflow openings a distance to an outer circumference of the stator, which corresponds to at least half a radius, preferably approximately a whole radius, of the outer circumference of the stator to the motor shaft.
  • the space thus obtained between the stator and outflow openings or motor housing can be used, for example, for electrical lines, protective circuits and the like. These are cooled at the same time.
  • a particularly simple bearing concept provides that as few bearings as possible are required for the drive motor.
  • the motor shaft is supported on exactly two bearings and / or based solely on the motor bearing and the output bearing. In this case there are no other bearings.
  • the fan wheel does not have to be supported by a separate bearing, but is arranged directly on the motor shaft and is supported by the motor bearing.
  • the fan wheel is not arranged between the engine mount and another mount.
  • at least one additional bearing is provided for the fan wheel in addition to the motor bearing.
  • the rotor is accommodated in a rotor receptacle of the stator which is dust-tight on at least one longitudinal end region of the motor shaft, expediently both longitudinal end regions of the motor shaft, or is sealed off from the environment.
  • a labyrinth seal can be provided between the stator and the rotor.
  • a flow labyrinth between the rotor and the stator, so that the cooling air cannot flow into the space between the rotor and the stator, or only insignificantly.
  • the output bearing and / or the motor bearing are arranged on a bearing cover and the bearing cover itself and / or the output bearing or motor bearing held by the bearing cover closes the rotor holder of the stator in which the rotor is accommodated , preferably dustproof. So a combination is easily possible, which means that both the bearing cap and the respective bearing cause a seal. Furthermore, the aforementioned labyrinth seal between the rotor and the stator can also be provided.
  • a bearing cover is understood to be, for example, an end cover of the rotor receptacle to which the longitudinal axis of the motor shaft runs at an angle.
  • the bearing cover can be integral with a stator body of the stator, ie the rotor receptacle is designed, for example, as a recess on the stator body. At least one of the bearing covers is preferably designed as a component mounted on the stator body.
  • An advantageous concept provides that the output bearing and / or the motor bearing are designed as sealed or dustproof bearings.
  • appropriate sealing washers or sealing rings are provided.
  • the output bearing or the motor bearing or both seal the already mentioned rotor receptacle, in which the rotor is accommodated within the stator, tightly, in particular dust-tight.
  • the two bearings or one of the bearings advantageously contribute to the dustproofness of the rotor holder.
  • the motor housing has an inflow opening in the region of the fan wheel, for example on a housing cover provided there, on which a holder for releasably holding a filter element is arranged.
  • the filter element is used to filter air flowing through the inflow opening.
  • the filter element comprises a paper filter and / or a filter grid and / or a filter fabric or the like.
  • an inlet grille for example comprising a plurality of ribs, can also be provided at the inflow opening. The inlet grille can serve as a support for the filter element.
  • the holder expediently comprises a retaining clip with which the filter element can be held.
  • the filter element can comprise the holding span integrally.
  • the holder comprises latching means for latching with the motor housing.
  • the motor housing preferably forms a machine housing of the hand machine tool.
  • the motor housing or machine housing is preferably the outermost or outer component, so to speak.
  • the machine housing is therefore not accommodated in an additional housing which houses it.
  • the motor housing is a machine housing of a machining head of the hand machine tool.
  • a flow housing or an air guide body or both for guiding the cooling air are arranged in the motor housing.
  • the flow housing or the air guide body are, for example, sleeve-like.
  • the stator is preferably at least partially accommodated in the flow housing or air guide body.
  • the flow housing or the air guide body are preferably provided to lead the cooling air past the outer circumference of the stator or the excitation coil arrangement.
  • the excitation coil arrangement preferably has air channels for the passage of cooling air between its excitation coils.
  • the hand-held machine tool preferably has a handle bar with a longitudinal axis or comprises such a handle bar, the suction hose running in the connection area with the end area of the handle element along this longitudinal axis.
  • a flexible suction hose can be arranged on the handle bar.
  • the handle element it is also possible for the handle element to have a rigid tubular body, in which a suction channel runs in flow connection with the suction hose to the machining head.
  • the tubular body can be configured, for example, as a profile tube, in particular as a rigid profile tube. In this case, the tubular body is suitable for being gripped by the operator.
  • the profile tube thus forms a support body or a load-bearing component of the handle element.
  • the handle element expediently has at least one suction channel which runs in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the handle element, for example in the above-mentioned flexible suction hose or the tubular body, and opens out from the end of the handle element at its end region of the handle element facing the machining head.
  • the suction hose is connected to the suction channel towards the processing head.
  • the handle element is preferably designed as a suction pipe at least at its end region facing the machining head or has a suction pipe.
  • the suction hose leading to the machining head is connected to this suction pipe.
  • the hand machine tool is preferably a grinding machine, polishing machine or milling machine.
  • the hand machine tool is preferably equipped with a handle element which projects from the machining head or motor housing.
  • the handle element can be in one part or in several parts.
  • the handle element is or comprises a handle bar.
  • the handle bar can be a one-piece component or has a plurality of bar sections that are detachable from one another and / or are movable relative to one another by means of bearings, so that the handle bar can be disassembled and / or folded into a compact shape, for example when not in use.
  • the exemplary embodiment relates to a hand-held machine tool 10 in the form of a grinding machine, but other embodiments of hand-held machine tools are also possible with regard to some partial aspects of the description below, for example milling machines, polishing machines or the like. Furthermore, an elongated handle element is shown in the embodiment, which may be shorter or longer.
  • the hand machine tool according to the drawing is advantageous for ceiling machining or wall machining.
  • the hand machine tool 10 according to the drawing can also be referred to as a ceiling and / or wall grinding machine. Aspects of the following explanations do not necessarily relate exclusively to grinding machines, polishing machines or milling machines, but can also be used with other hand machine tools.
  • the hand-held machine tool 10 has a machining head 11, which is articulated on a handle element 12 by means of a joint arrangement 13, although not movable in the present case, which would be possible in principle, but about at least one pivot axis, in the specific exemplary embodiment even about two pivot axes.
  • the handle element 12 is rod-shaped. It has a longitudinal extension or longitudinal axis L.
  • the elongated handle element 12 makes it possible to guide the machining head 11 along a workpiece surface O of a workpiece W, for example a wall surface, at a large distance from the user.
  • the joint arrangement 13 supports the machining head 11 with respect to the handle element 12 using a first pivot bearing 14 about a first pivot axis S1 and using a second pivot bearing 15 about a second pivot axis S2.
  • the machining head 11 can pivot relative to the handle element 12 about the two pivot axes S1 and S2, the pivot axes S1 and S2 are at right angles to each other. In principle, however, angles other than right angles would also be conceivable.
  • the pivot bearings 14, 15 advantageously form a gimbal.
  • the pivot axis S1 extends transversely, in the present case at right angles, to the longitudinal axis L of the handle element 12.
  • the pivot axis S2 and the longitudinal axis L are advantageously arranged in a common plane or in mutually parallel planes.
  • the pivot axis S2 and the longitudinal axis L do not intersect in the present case.
  • the machining head 11 has a support body 16 on which a drive motor 17 is held.
  • the drive motor 100 drives a tool holder 19 about an axis of rotation D directly or in the present case via a gear 80.
  • the tool holder 19 is provided for holding a machining tool 20 which, when mounted on the tool holder 19, can be driven by the drive motor 100 to perform a rotary movement.
  • the tool holder 19 comprises, for example, a plug-in holder, bayonet contours, a screw thread or the like, other mounting means known per se for mounting a processing tool.
  • the processing tool 20 is a grinding tool, in particular a grinding plate.
  • the processing tool 20 can contain several components, for example a grinding plate on which a grinding wheel or a grinding sheet can be arranged.
  • a Velcro connection between the sanding plate and the sanding sheet is advantageous for this purpose.
  • the hand machine tool 10 forms a grinding machine 10A.
  • the machining head 11 could also be referred to as a grinding head.
  • the elongated, rod-shaped handle element 12 facilitates processing of surfaces removed by the operator, for example wall surfaces.
  • the hand machine tool 10 preferably forms a wall and / or ceiling grinder.
  • the configurations explained below are also advantageous in the case of a large number of differently designed hand-held machine tools, in particular grinding machines, but also saws, drilling machines or the like.
  • the tool holder 19 and consequently the machining tool 20, when it is fastened to the tool holder 19, are preferably arranged under a cover of the machining head 11.
  • the cover 21 it would be possible for the cover 21 to cover the machining tool 20 over its entire outer circumference and top side.
  • a cover 22 that is movable with respect to the cover 21 is provided, for example on a front, free region of the machining head 11 that faces away from the handle element 12.
  • the cover 22 can, for example, be removed from the cover 21 and / or can be moved to the cover 21 by means of a bearing, for example about a pivot axis parallel to the pivot axis S2.
  • a plug-in assembly of the cover 22 on the cover 21 provides, for example, plug-in projections 22B, for example plug-in tabs which can be inserted into plug-in receptacles 21B of the cover 21, in particular can be latched to the plug-in receptacles 21B.
  • a seal 22A that is to say sealing elements, for example brushes, sealing lips or the like, other sealing elements which preferably adapt to the workpiece surface O, can be provided on the outer edge region of the cover 21, 22. It is possible that the machining tool 20 protrudes in front of the seal 22A.
  • the cover 21, 22 is fastened, for example, to an underside of the support plate or the support body 16 or integrally with the support body 16.
  • the cooling air K flows out of the motor housing 24, for example, via an air outlet region 18.
  • the air outlet area 18 is located in an area that is angled with respect to the inflow opening 25, for example on the outer circumference of the motor housing 24. In principle, it would be possible for the cooling air K to flow as far as the area enclosed by the covers 21, 22 and there, for example, to cool the machining tool 20 or also to loosen dust.
  • the air outlet area 18 extends both in a working direction AR to the front and to the side thereof, for example over an angular range of approximately 90 ° in each case laterally to the working direction AR.
  • the cooling air K can thus blow a working area AB extending forwardly and laterally in the working direction AR to the working direction AR.
  • the suction connection 23 Via the suction connection 23, dust, dirt or chips can be extracted from the area covered or covered by the covers 21, 22.
  • the suction connection 23 has, for example, a connection piece 23A.
  • a suction hose 26 with a hose end 28 is connected to the suction connection 23 and is connected with its other hose end 27 to the handle element 12.
  • connection of the hose ends 27, 28 to fixed structures, for example the suction connection 23 and the handle element 12, is improved by structuring 29, for example corrugations, on the hose elements 27, 28.
  • a clamp 30 is provided which, by means of a screw 30A, moves into a clamping position which clamps the hose end 28 to the socket 23A is feasible.
  • a sleeve-shaped connecting part 31 and a connecting piece 32 for connection to a rod-shaped channel body 33 of the handle element 12 are provided, so that a suction stream S laden with dirt flowing out of the suction connection 23 can flow into a flow channel 34 of the handle piece 33.
  • a handle section 35 and, on the other hand, the processing head 11 are arranged on mutually opposite longitudinal end regions 12A and 12B of the handle element 12.
  • the rod-shaped, elongated channel body 33 extends between the joint arrangement 13 and the handle section 35 of the handle element 12.
  • the handle section 35 is arranged between the channel body 33 and a channel body 36, to which a suction connection 37 for connecting a suction hose C is provided.
  • the suction hose C can be connected to the channel body 36 using a fastening arrangement 38, for example.
  • the fastening arrangement 38 comprises, for example, a clamp, a hook arrangement or the like.
  • a switch 39 is provided on the handle section 35 for switching on the drive motor 100.
  • An energization device 40 for energizing an excitation coil arrangement 120 of the drive motor 100 is arranged in the region of the handle section 34.
  • the current supply device 40 can be connected to an electrical supply network V or another power source via a mains cable N, which can be arranged, for example, on the suction hose C or integrated into the suction hose C.
  • the other power source can be, for example, a battery pack or another energy store, which can be on board the hand machine tool 10.
  • the current supply device 40 can be provided, for example, by a supply network V. Generate alternating voltage in a known manner a direct voltage UG with respect to ground or a base potential U0, a capacitor C1, for example a smoothing capacitor or intermediate circuit capacitor, being advantageously arranged between the potentials UG and U0.
  • an output stage E e.g. a commutator, which provides excitation currents I1, I2 and I3 for the drive motor 100 via lines L1, L2 and L3.
  • the output stage E comprises, for example, switch pairs with power electronic switches, for example MosFETs, V1, V2 and V3, V4 and V5, V6 between which the lines L1, L2 and L3 are connected in the manner of half bridges.
  • the switches V1-V6 are controlled by a controller 170 via control lines, not shown.
  • the controller 170 monitors, for example, the current flow on the line L1 using a current monitoring device 171. Further current monitoring devices, for example for lines L2 and L3, could easily be provided.
  • the current monitoring device 171 has, for example, a corresponding inductance in order to detect the current flow on the line L1.
  • the controller 170 expediently comprises a control program 173, which comprises program code executable by a microcontroller 172 of the controller 170. By executing this program code, the controller 170 can suitably control the switches V1-V6 in order to set a speed and / or output of the drive motor 100 via a corresponding current flow on the lines L1 to L3. However, the switching behavior of the switches V1-V6 can also be an indication for the controller 170 that no more current flows via one or more of the lines L1 to L3.
  • the line arrangement 41 comprises an electrical cable 42, in which the lines L1, L2 and L3 are arranged.
  • the cable 42 runs from the handle section 35 in the channel body 33 or on the outside of the channel body 33 and opens out at its end region facing the processing head 11 from the Channel body. From there, the cable 42 runs freely to the drive motor 100.
  • a housing 43 is provided on the handle section 34, in which the energization device 40 is arranged.
  • the energization device 40 expediently also has mechanical components, for example coolant.
  • the energization device 40 has a certain weight, which, however, does not interfere with the operation of the hand tool 10.
  • the current supply device 40 is namely arranged directly on the handle section 34, where the operator regularly grips the handle element 12 with at least one hand.
  • the drive motor 100 acts on the handle portion 34 in the sense of a lever, while the treatment of the current for the drive motor 100 with a favorable center of gravity lies, so to speak, directly in the handle area of the handle element 12.
  • the arrangement of the comparatively dirt-sensitive or dust-sensitive electronics in the handle section 34 also has the advantage that it is as far away as possible from an area of the hand machine tool 10 where dust accumulates, namely on the processing head 11.
  • Incoming air which is preferably still conveyed to a particular extent by coolant, for example a fan 45, is little burdened with dust due to the large distance from the processing tool 20.
  • a favorable handling of the hand-held machine tool 10 is that the drive motor 100 and the suction connection 23 are arranged on opposite sides of an articulation area 46 of the machining head 11, the articulated arrangement 13 being articulatedly connected to the machining head 11 at the articulation area 46.
  • the suction hose 26 has between the free end of the handle element 12, where it is connected to it, and the processing head 11 arc sections, in particular two arcuate curved sections 47, 48, so that it relative to the movements of the processing head 11 conveniently participates in the handle element 12. This becomes clear in the Figures 3, 4 and 5 .
  • the tool holder 19 is arranged on a machining side BS of the machining head 11. In a base position B of the machining head 11 relative to the handle element 12, the machining side BS and an underside UH of the handle element 12 face the workpiece W.
  • the processing head 11 can be moved between deflection positions A1 ( Figure 5 ) and A2 ( Figure 4 ) swivel.
  • the deflection positions A1, A2 are expediently maximum positions, and pivoting beyond these deflection positions A1, A2 is quite possible. If the suction hose 26 is deflected or deformed to an even greater extent beyond the deflection positions A1 and A2, it expediently forms a resilient stop for the deflection positions A1 and A2.
  • the base position B together with the deflection positions A1 and A2 and possibly further deflection positions beyond these deflection positions or intermediate deflection positions between the deflection positions A1 and A2, forms part of a basic work area BA of the hand machine tool 10. It is a swiveling over the deflection position A2
  • the fact that the machining side BS and an upper side of the handle element 12 face a workpiece W are entirely possible. Then the processing head 12 is located, for example, in an additional work area ZA.
  • a machining plane E of the machining tool 20 runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis L, while in the deflected position A2 the machining plane E is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L.
  • a fork 50 is arranged, between the fork arms 51, 52 of which the machining head 11 is pivotably mounted about the pivot axis S1.
  • the fork arms 51, 52 are on a holding portion 53 in the type of half-shells, between which a holder 54 or a receptacle for the handle element 12, in particular its channel body 33, is formed.
  • the bracket 54 is formed, for example, between walls 55 of the fork arms 51, 52, for example as a round receiving contour.
  • Support structures 58 of the fork 50 which can be formed in particular by the screw domes 57, serve to prevent rotation and / or to prevent displacement with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the handle element 12.
  • Support structures 33A of the handle element 12 engage in the support structures 58, for example positive locking projections, for example depressions provided on the outer circumference of the channel body 33, in particular grooves or longitudinal depressions.
  • the support structures 58, 33A act as an anti-rotation and / or anti-displacement device with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the handle element 12.
  • the cable clamp 49 has, for example, clamping bodies provided on each of the fork arms 51, 52, which at the same time clamp the cable 42 when the fork arms 51, 52 are joined to fix the holding element 12.
  • the fork arms 51, 52 are reinforced in particular on their arm sections 60A, 60B protruding in front of the holding section 53, for example by a rib structure 59.
  • the fork arms 51, 52 have bends 62, 63 between the arm portions 60A, 60B between the holding portion 53 and their free ends.
  • the bends 62, 63 are preferably used to optimally design the space between the fork arms 51, 52 and the movement space below the fork arms 51, 52 for the machining head 11.
  • the bends 62 run opposite to each other in the sense of widening or widening a distance between the ends 61. This is in particular in the area of the suction hose 26 and the suction connection 23 there is an enlarged movement space between the fork arms 51, 52.
  • the bends 63 run in the same direction next to one another, but starting from the handle element 12 and with respect to the longitudinal axis L in a sense away from the machining head 11 and towards the free ends 61 again towards the machining head 11 or the longitudinal axis L, so that in particular for the deflection position A1, for example corresponding Figure 8 , or a further deflection beyond the deflection position A1, there is a space BW below the fork arms 51, 52 for an upper section of the machining head 11.
  • bearing elements 64 for bearing shaft parts 65 of the pivot bearing 14 are provided as bearing receptacles.
  • the bearing shaft parts 65 e.g. are configured in the manner of bearing bolts, for example screws or the like are other bolts which penetrate the bearing receptacles of the bearing elements 64 and penetrate into bearing elements 68 designed as bearing projections.
  • the bearing elements 68 are provided on a bearing body 75 and protrude in front of a cross member 77 of the bearing body 75.
  • the bearing body 75 is designed, for example, as a type of bearing shaft or bearing projection.
  • the bearing elements 68 are provided on the respective longitudinal end regions of the cross member 77.
  • a support bearing section 78 extends between the cross member 77 and the supporting body 16 and is, for example, arc-shaped.
  • the support bearing section 78 forms part of the pivot bearing 15 for pivoting about the pivot axis S2.
  • the support bearing section 78 is penetrated by a bearing shaft 76, which in turn is received in bearing receptacles 79 by bearing blocks 79A, which protrude in front of the supporting body 16.
  • the support bearing portion 78 is disposed between the pedestals 79A.
  • bearing bolts could also be provided instead of the bearing shaft 76, which, for example, are rotatably received in the bearing body 75, for example penetrating the bearing receptacles.
  • the pivot axis S2 is thus closer in the case of the supporting body 16 as the swivel axis S1, so that the machining head 11 can swivel about the swivel axis S2 located correspondingly close to the machining plane E.
  • the machining head can easily follow the course of the workpiece surface O.
  • the machining head 11 oscillates or swings freely with respect to the swivel axis S2, the suction hose 26 and the line arrangement 41 damping or braking the swivel movement.
  • the suction connection 23 is close to the swivel axis S2 or is penetrated by the swivel axis S2, which correspondingly does not restrict the swiveling of the machining head 11 about the swivel axis S2.
  • a positioning spring arrangement 70 which acts on the processing position 11 in the base position B.
  • the positioning spring arrangement 70 comprises positioning springs 71, 72 which are supported directly on the bearing elements 64, 68.
  • the positioning spring 71 is assigned to the fork arm 51, while the positioning spring 72 is assigned to the fork arm 52.
  • the positioning springs 71, 72 act on the machining head 11 in opposite directions, i.e. one positioning spring 71 acts on the machining head 11 clockwise, for example with respect to the pivot axis S1, while the other positioning spring 72 acts on the machining head 11 in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the machining head 11 is held, so to speak, in a central position, namely the base position B, with respect to the pivot axis S1.
  • the positioning springs 71, 72 are supported by support arms 73 on support mounts 67 of the bearing elements 64 and support mounts 67B on the bearing elements 68.
  • the positioning springs 71, 72 are, for example, leg springs, the longitudinal ends of which are designed as support arms 73.
  • the bearing elements 68 penetrate the positioning springs 71, 72.
  • Supporting contours 69 for example ribs, are expediently provided on the outer circumference of the bearing elements 68, on which the positioning springs 71, 72 can be supported with their inner circumference.
  • the ribs or support contours 69 run expediently parallel to the pivot axis S1. As a result, the mobility of the positioning springs 71, 72 and the bearing elements 68 relative to one another is particularly good.
  • the positioning springs 71, 72 are expediently protected and enclosed. They are advantageously accommodated in bearing housings 66, 74, which are provided by the bearing elements 64, 68.
  • the bearing housings 66, 74 are complementary to one another or fit into one another in the manner of sleeves or plug-in elements in order to house the positioning springs 71, 72 as a whole.
  • the bearing components and in particular also the positioning springs 71, 72 do not become dirty.
  • the risk of injury from any protruding elements, for example the support arms 73 is low.
  • the support receptacles 67 are provided, for example, on the bearing housings 66 of the bearing elements 64.
  • the support receptacles 67B are provided on the bearing housings 74 at the bearing elements 68.
  • a positioning spring arrangement can also be provided with respect to the pivot axis S2, which aligns the machining head 11 with the handle element 12 with respect to the pivot axis S2.
  • leg springs would be possible which are penetrated by the bearing shaft 76 and which are supported on the one hand on bearing blocks 79A and on the other hand on the support bearing section 78, for example.
  • elastic positioning springs 71A, 72A are shown schematically in the form of, for example, rubber buffers, which are supported outside of the bearing 15 on solid structures on the one hand of the joint arrangement 13, for example the support bearing section 78, and on the other hand of the machining head 11, for example the support body 16, and thus positioning the machining head 11 to handle element 12 with respect to pivot axis S2.
  • the drive motor 100 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the articulation region 46 or with respect to the axis of rotation D of the tool holder 19.
  • the transmission 80 is for the transmission of power between an output 81 of the drive motor 100 intended.
  • the transmission 80 comprises, for example, an arrangement of a plurality of gear wheels which cause a speed change, in particular a speed reduction, and / or a force deflection from the output 81 to the tool holder 19.
  • a purely rotary transmission concept is provided, that is to say the tool holder 19 only rotates about the axis of rotation D.
  • an eccentric movement for example, eccentric to the axis of rotation D would also be possible, but this is not shown in the drawing and would represent another embodiment.
  • a rotational movement of the tool holder 19 with a superimposed eccentric movement would also be readily possible, for example if a suitable transmission gear were present instead of or in addition to the gear 80.
  • a so-called hypercycloid movement mode of the tool holder 19 is also possible by means of a corresponding gear.
  • the output 81 meshes with a gear 82 which drives a shaft 84 to which the gear 82 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner. Furthermore, a gear 83 is rotatably connected to the shaft 84, which in turn meshes with an output gear 85.
  • the driven wheel 85 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on a shaft 86, on the free end region of which the tool holder 19 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the arrangement of the gear wheels 82, 83, 85 results in a speed reduction and also a force deflection, since the axis of rotation of the output 81 and the shaft 86 are not coaxial.
  • the shaft 84 is rotatably supported with bearings 87 on the one hand with respect to the carrier body 16 and on the other hand with respect to a gear housing 90 connected to the carrier body 16.
  • the carrier body 16 forms a cover for the gear housing 90.
  • bearing receptacles 91 are provided on the carrier body 16 and the gear housing 90 for the bearings 87 which are in particular designed as roller bearings, preferably ball bearings.
  • the shaft 86 is via a further bearing 87 with respect to the carrier body 16 and a bearing 88 which is received in a bearing receptacle 92 of the bearing housing 90 is rotatably supported with respect to the bearing housing 90.
  • the respective longitudinal end regions of the shafts 86, 84 are thus mounted on a protective housing with rotary bearings.
  • the gear housing 90 has a plate 96 on which the bearing receptacles 91, 92 are provided.
  • the bearing receptacle 92 is provided on its underside facing the tool receptacle 19 with a sealing edge 93 surrounding the bearing receptacle 92, so that the gear housing 90 tightly encapsulates the gear 80 from below.
  • the bearing 88 lies on the sealing edge 93 with, for example, an additional seal in a dust-tight manner.
  • the top-side encapsulation of the transmission 80 is expediently realized by the support body 16.
  • the support body 16 has, for example, plug receptacles not visible in the drawing, into which plug projections or screw domes 95 of the transmission housing 90 engage from below.
  • An edge region 97 of the gear housing 90 is provided, for example, with a seal, so that it lies tightly against a sealing region 98, for example a sealing edge, of the support body 16.
  • the support body 16 thus contributes to the encapsulation of the gear 80. At the top, it seals the gear housing 80 almost completely, apart from a motor mount 89, in which the drive motor 100 is accommodated.
  • the support body 16 forms, for example, a housing part of the gear housing 80, in particular a housing shell.
  • supporting projections 99 for example arms, laterally, for example four supporting projections 99, on each of which protruding bolt receptacles or mounting receptacles 94 for receiving mounting elements 94B for connection to the cover 21.
  • the suction connection 23 is also provided on the gear housing 90.
  • the suction connection 23 protrudes laterally in front of the supporting body 16.
  • the drive motor 100 like the transmission 80, is optimally protected against dust, which will become clear below.
  • the drive motor 100 has, for example, a rotor 101 which is accommodated in a stator 110.
  • the drive motor 100 is a brushless, electronically commutated motor which can be energized by the energization device 40.
  • the rotor 101 comprises a motor shaft 102 on which a laminated core 103 is arranged. Longitudinal ends of the motor shaft 102 protruding in front of the laminated core 103 are rotatably supported with a motor bearing 104 and an output bearing 105, for example roller bearings and / or plain bearings, with respect to the stator 110.
  • a fan holder 108 is provided for holding a fan wheel 109.
  • a fan wheel 109 and the tool holder 19 are arranged on opposite sides of the drive motor 100.
  • the fan wheel 109 implements pressure ventilation, i.e. Air is sucked in through the inflow opening 25 through the fan wheel 109, so to speak, flows through the stator 110 and exits the stator 110 on the side of the stator 110 opposite the fan wheel 109, in the region of the output bearing 105, and continues to flow to the air outlet region 18.
  • pressure ventilation i.e. Air is sucked in through the inflow opening 25 through the fan wheel 109, so to speak, flows through the stator 110 and exits the stator 110 on the side of the stator 110 opposite the fan wheel 109, in the region of the output bearing 105, and continues to flow to the air outlet region 18.
  • the stator 110 comprises a stator body 111, which has a bearing receptacle 112 on a bearing cover 125A, in which the motor bearing 104 is accommodated.
  • the motor shaft 102 penetrates, for example, a passage opening 113 of the stator 110 and is held on the motor bearing 104 with one end region.
  • the bearing cover 125A is, for example, in one piece with the stator body 111, but could also be designed as a component detachably connected by the stator body 111, such as the bearing cover 125 to be explained later.
  • a projection 114 is provided which engages in a groove 106 on the rotor 101, for example on the laminated core 103. This creates a certain labyrinth structure, which leads to the tightness of the drive motor 100 contributes.
  • the laminated core 103 is received in a rotor receptacle 115 of the stator body 111.
  • the stator body 111 consists, for example, of a plastic material. Coils 121 of an excitation coil arrangement 120 are arranged on supports 116 of the stator body 111. A peripheral wall 117, for example made of plastic material, of the stator 110 extends radially on the outside of the carriers 116.
  • a base of the supports 116 is formed, for example, from the material of a laminated core 111B, which is overmolded with the plastic material to form the stator body 111.
  • the excitation coil arrangement 120 has connections 122, 123 and 124 which are electrically connected to the conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • the connections 122-124 are assigned to phases P1, P2 and P3 of the excitation coil arrangement 120.
  • the connections 122-124 are arranged, for example, on an end face of the stator body 111, in particular the peripheral wall 117.
  • the rotor receptacle 115 is closed by a bearing cover 125, which can be integrated into the motor housing 24.
  • the bearing cover 125 has, for example, a bottom wall 133, from which a locking projection 126 for closing the rotor receptacle 115 protrudes.
  • the locking projection 126 has a projection 127 which engages in a groove 107 of the rotor 101, namely on the laminated core 103.
  • a labyrinth-like seal or labyrinth seals 118 are thereby realized.
  • the projections 114, 127 are, for example, ring projections, while the grooves 106, 107 are ring grooves.
  • the grooves 106, 107 are provided, for example, on opposite end faces of the laminated core 103.
  • the bottom wall 133 and the locking projection 126 seal the drive motor 100 on its end face at the motor bearing 105.
  • a wall 17 of the gear housing 80 which can be part of the supporting body 16, for example, also forms a wall closing the drive motor 100 on the end side.
  • a receptacle 128 for a bearing receptacle element 130 is also arranged in the region of the locking projection 126.
  • the bearing receiving element 130 has a bearing receiving 131 for the output bearing 105.
  • the bearing receptacle element 130 is screwed, for example, into a thread 129 of the receptacle 128 or locked in the receptacle 128 with corresponding locking contours.
  • a sealing washer 132 or another sealing element is also held in the bearing receiving element 130.
  • the sealing disk 132 holds the output bearing 105 in the bearing receptacle 131.
  • Cooling channels 119 are provided between the carriers 116 of the stator body 111 and thus between the coils 121, through which the cooling air K can flow through the stator 110 and thus through the excitation coil arrangement 120.
  • the cooling air K flows into the cooling channels 119 on a side of the drive motor 100 facing away from the tool holder 19 and out of the cooling channels 119 on the side of the drive motor 100 facing the tool holder 19. There it is deflected radially outwards by a bottom wall 133 of the bearing cover 125 and flows through a flow space 134 to a peripheral wall 135 of the cover 130, on which the air outlet area 18 is provided.
  • ribs 136 are provided on the peripheral wall 135, between which there are clearances or outflow openings 137 through which the cooling air K can flow out of the motor housing 24.
  • the flow space 134 is provided between the peripheral wall 135 and the peripheral wall 117.
  • Support ribs or support walls 138 advantageously extend between the peripheral wall 117 and the peripheral wall 135.
  • Conductor receptacles 139 are advantageously provided on the support walls 138 for receiving or holding the lines L1, L2 and L3.
  • the cable 42 is introduced into the flow space 134 via an inlet 140 on the peripheral wall 135.
  • the individual lines L1, L2 and L3 are led out of the cable 42 and held on the support walls 138, namely the conductor receptacles 139, and connected to the connections 122-124 of the excitation coil arrangement 120.
  • a flow housing or air guide body 145 which extends around the drive motor 100, is accommodated in the motor housing 24.
  • the air guide body 145 has a wall 146 which delimits an air guide area 147 around the drive motor 100.
  • the wall 146 is designed, for example, as a type of air guide sleeve and / or peripheral wall and / or as a flow housing.
  • the cooling air K flows along the outer circumference of the stator 110 and cools it through the air guiding region 147, which can also have channels.
  • the wall 146 is, for example, cylindrical in the area of the fan wheel 109 and projects up to the fan wheel 109.
  • the wall 146 thus contributes to the fan blades 109A of the fan wheel 109 pressing the cooling air K particularly effectively to the drive motor 100 or the stator 110 and the rotor 101, so to speak.
  • the air guide body 145 At its longitudinal end region (with respect to a longitudinal axis of the motor shaft 102) remote from the fan wheel 109, the air guide body 145 has end wall sections 146A and 146B which extend radially outwards from the wall 146 with respect to the motor shaft 102 and which run above the air outlet region 18 and thus the cooling air K behind steer radially outward from the motor housing 24.
  • the drive motor 100 is shielded electromagnetically.
  • the air guide body 145 can be configured as an electromagnetic shielding housing.
  • the air guide body 145 is made of metal, for example, or has a metallic component.
  • the motor housing 24 can also be in an advantageous embodiment of the invention be electromagnetic shielding, for example be provided with an electrically conductive protective film or protective layer.
  • the lines L1-L3 in the cable 42 are advantageously guided in an electromagnetic shield 177, in particular a braid.
  • Shield 177 is preferably grounded. A total contribution to the electromagnetic compatibility of the drive motor 100 and the hand machine tool ten is made if the shield 177 is conductively connected to the drive motor 100, for example to the stator 110, in particular the laminated core 111B.
  • the shield 177 can be applied to this by means of a spring, for example.
  • the motor housing 24 has a projection wall 148 and a top wall 149 in the region of the air inlet or the inflow opening 25.
  • the top wall 149 covers the motor housing 24 at the top, so to speak, but there are air passages or air inlets 150 for the cooling air K on the top wall 149.
  • a receptacle 151 is provided for a filter element 152 which is inserted into the receptacle 151.
  • the receptacle 151 is delimited by the inner circumference of the projection wall 148.
  • the filter element 152 has, for example, a filter fabric 154 or another narrow-meshed filter structure which is arranged above the air inlets 150. Contamination, for example dusts or the like, which are contained in the cooling air K are thus filtered by the filter element 152.
  • the filter element 152 is expediently latched to the motor housing 24 using latching means 153, for example comprising a resilient latch or the like.
  • the latching means 153 form part of a holder 153A.
  • a receptacle 155 for a protective body 156 is provided on an upper, free end region of the motor housing 24. While the motor housing 24 consists of a relatively hard plastic so that it can develop an optimal protective effect for the drive motor 100, the protective body 156 is comparatively flexible or elastic. The protective body 156 is designed, for example, in the manner of a clip. The protective body 156 cushions impacts on the machining head 11 can act and thus in principle would damage the drive motor 100, optimally.
  • the protective body 156 is flexible in bending.
  • the protective body 156 is horseshoe-shaped or U-shaped in itself, but can be bent. It is thus possible, for example, to mount holding receptacles 158 arranged on its free end regions in holding projections 159 of the motor housing 24, so to speak. It is advantageous if the protective body 156 also has further holding contours, for example a holding projection 158A, which runs along a side edge and can be hooked into a corresponding, for example U-shaped, holding receptacle 159A of the motor housing 24.
  • the drive motor 100 is provided with a protective circuit 160 which protects the drive motor 100 from overheating or other damage on site, namely on the machining head 11.
  • the protective circuit 160 has, for example, an isolating switch 161.
  • an isolating switch 161 In principle, it would be possible to integrate the isolating switch 161 directly in the motor housing or in any case the stator 110 of the drive motor 100. In the present case, however, an assembly-friendly, easily retrofittable or exchangeable concept is selected, in which the isolating switch 161 is arranged outside the stator 110, but in direct contact with it.
  • the isolating switch 161 comprises or is formed by a thermally actuable switch, the thermally actuatable switch going into a disconnected position when the stator 110 is heated above a predetermined temperature, but otherwise assumes a connection position. In the connected position, the isolating switch 161 connects the conductor L1 to the connection 122 assigned to a phase of the excitation coil arrangement 120, while in the disconnected position it disconnects the conductor L1 from connection 122 and thus the phase P1 of the excitation coil arrangement 120.
  • the isolating switch 161 is expediently arranged in a protective housing 162 which has a housing part 163A and a housing part 163B.
  • the Protective housing 162 expediently completely encloses the disconnector 161. It would be possible that as in Figure 13 shown, the protective housing 162 is open at its top, so that air can get to the circuit breaker 161. However, the protective housing 163 is preferably completely closed, so that the isolating switch 161 can react particularly sensitively and quickly to changes in temperature, in particular temperatures that are too high.
  • the protective housing 162 delimits a receptacle 164, for example a chamber, in which the isolating switch 161 is arranged.
  • the housing parts 163A, 163B are locked together, for example, for which locking contours 165 are present.
  • the housing part 163B forms a thermal insulator, which protects the isolating switch 161 against the influence of heat from outside on the drive motor 100, so that the isolating switch 161 is not operated incorrectly by such an influence of heat.
  • the housing part 163A is thermally conductive, so that heat coming from the stator 110 can actuate the isolating switch 161. It is an advantageous measure if an additional heat-conducting element 169 is arranged, for example a so-called heat-conducting pad, which conducts the heat from the stator 110 in the direction of the protective housing 162 and thus to the isolating switch 161.
  • the heat-conducting element 169 preferably has a geometry and surface extension that corresponds to the geometry and surface extension of an end face of the protective housing 162 facing the stator 110.
  • the heat-conducting element 169 also compensates for unevenness in the protective housing 162 and / or the stator 110, which advantageously improves the heat transfer from the stator 110 to the isolating switch 161.
  • a spring 168 that is to say a spring arrangement, is provided for isolating switch 161 in the direction of the stator 110.
  • the spring 168 is arranged, for example, on the housing part 163B, in particular the front wall thereof.
  • Conductor openings 166 for a section L1A of the conductor L1 and a conductor section L1B connected to the connection 122 are provided on the side of the protective housing 162.
  • the isolating switch 161 advantageously has a housing 161B encapsulating it, in which its electromechanical components, in particular a bimetal strip 161C, electrical contacts and the like, are housed in an electrically insulated manner.
  • Housing 161B is preferably dustproof.
  • the housing 161B has, for example, electrical contacts for connecting the conductor sections L1A and L1B.
  • the bimetal strip 161C moves between the in Figure 10 schematically drawn positions back and forth, whereby he establishes or disconnects an electrical connection.
  • the controller 170 When the disconnect switch 161 goes into its disconnect position, current no longer flows over the lines L1.
  • the current monitoring device 171 of the lighting device 40 can determine this and report it to the controller 170.
  • the controller 170 then switches the energization device 40 as a whole from the type that no more current flows via the lines L1-L3. Thus, so to speak, the controller 170 decentrally detects a fault on the drive motor 100. There, only the isolating switch 161 is required as a safety measure. In this way, for example, data transmission lines are saved, which would otherwise have to be routed from the processing head 11 via the handle element 12 to the controller 140.
  • the controller 170 preferably operates sensorless, i.e. without a rotation angle information coming from the drive motor 100 of a rotation angle sensor arranged there.
  • a rotation angle sensor 174 is arranged on the drive motor 100, which detects the respective rotation angle position or speed of the rotor 101 and via a data line 176, which preferably runs on and / or in the handle element 12 (in Figure 13 schematically indicated), reports to the controller 170.
  • the controller 170 it is also possible for the controller 170 to evaluate a respective rotational angle position of the rotor 101 and to energize the excitation coil arrangement 120 on the basis of this at least one rotational angle information.
  • a current switch 175 which detects a current flow on the line L2 and which, in the case of a current flow which is above a predetermined current value, the line L2 from the phase P2 separates. It would easily be possible for the current switch 175 to be arranged in series with the isolating switch 161, for example on the line L1.
  • the handle bar or the handle element 12 is in accordance with the exemplary embodiment Figures 1-15 in one piece, that is to say that, for example, even the channel bodies 33, 36 can be components of an overall continuous tubular body.
  • a multi-part handle element is also possible, which can be seen from the Figures 16-18 becomes clear.
  • a two-part channel body 233 can be provided instead of the channel body 33.
  • the channel body 233 has segments 234, 235, for example.
  • the segments 234, 235 can be detached from one another, for example ( Figure 16 ).
  • the flow channel 34 runs in the segments 234, 235.
  • the cable 42 is led out of the channel body 233, for example.
  • the cable 42 comprises the lines L1-L3, ie a total of three current-carrying lines which lead along the channel body 233 to the current supply device 40 and can be detachably connected to one another at the separation point between the segments 234 and 235.
  • the segments 234, 235 can be releasably connected to one another, so that they differ from the Figure 16 shown in a separate position in a Figure 17 shown interconnected position can be brought.
  • a connecting device 240 is used for releasably connecting the segments 234, 235.
  • the connecting device 240 comprises, for example, a connecting projection 241 provided on the segment 235, which can be butt-connected, for example, to a connecting projection 242 on the segment 234. Then a continuous flow channel 34 is realized.
  • the flow channel 34 runs through the plug projection 241 and the plug receptacle 242.
  • connection protrusion 241 has a plug-in protrusion and the connection protrusion 242 has a plug-in receptacle which can be inserted into one another.
  • the connecting device 240 further comprises holding means in the form of holders 243 movably mounted on the segment 234, which can be brought into engagement with holding receptacles or holding projections 244 on the segment 235.
  • the holders 243 are pivotally mounted on bearings 245, for example, so that they can be pivoted away from the holding projections 244 and thus out of engagement with them.
  • the holding projections 244 can engage in recesses or other holding receptacles on the segment 234. An additional positive connection between the segments 234, 235 is thus realized.
  • the contact arrangement 250 comprises, for example, contacts 251, 252, 253 which are assigned to the conductors L1-L3 and connected to them.
  • the contacts 251-253 are arranged on a contact carrier 254, in particular in recesses or otherwise mechanically protected.
  • the contact carrier 254 is configured, for example, in the manner of a projection or in the manner of a comb.
  • the contact arrangement 260 comprises corresponding contacts 261-263, which are also assigned to the lines or conductors L1-L3.
  • the contact arrangement 260 is arranged on a contact carrier 264 which is pivotably mounted on the segment 234 by means of a pivot bearing 265.
  • the contact carrier 264 is integrally or motionally coupled to the holder 243 of the segment 234.
  • contacts 261-263 can be pivoted away from contacts 251-254 for electrical isolation or for electrical connection thereto.
  • a holding receptacle 266 on the contact carrier 264 can be brought into engagement with a holding projection 256 on the segment 235 in order to additionally secure this connection between the segments 234, 235 or the contacts 261-263 with the contacts 251-254.
  • connection between the segments 234 and 235 can be secured by additional locking means, screw means or the like.
  • an inflow opening for a cooling air flow and a processing side BS having a tool holder (in this case 19) are arranged on opposite sides, in particular end faces, of a motor housing (here 25) or a machine housing.
  • An outflow direction for the cooling air flow K expediently runs transversely to the processing plane E.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
EP17717656.7A 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Hand-werkzeugmaschine mit einem antriebsmotor Active EP3442754B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016106557.9A DE102016106557A1 (de) 2016-04-11 2016-04-11 Hand-Werkzeugmaschine mit einem Antriebsmotor
PCT/EP2017/058507 WO2017178410A1 (de) 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Hand-werkzeugmaschine mit einem antriebsmotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3442754A1 EP3442754A1 (de) 2019-02-20
EP3442754B1 true EP3442754B1 (de) 2020-05-27

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EP17717656.7A Active EP3442754B1 (de) 2016-04-11 2017-04-10 Hand-werkzeugmaschine mit einem antriebsmotor

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US (2) US11040439B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP3442754B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP7110112B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR102341675B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN109311146A (ko)
AU (1) AU2017249373B2 (ko)
DE (1) DE102016106557A1 (ko)
WO (1) WO2017178410A1 (ko)

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KR102341675B1 (ko) 2021-12-20
US20210268635A1 (en) 2021-09-02
EP3442754A1 (de) 2019-02-20
AU2017249373A1 (en) 2018-11-01
US20190091848A1 (en) 2019-03-28
US11040439B2 (en) 2021-06-22
WO2017178410A1 (de) 2017-10-19
CN109311146A (zh) 2019-02-05
JP2019515806A (ja) 2019-06-13
US11707828B2 (en) 2023-07-25
AU2017249373B2 (en) 2022-07-07
JP7110112B2 (ja) 2022-08-01
DE102016106557A1 (de) 2017-10-12
KR20180132767A (ko) 2018-12-12

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