EP3440321B1 - Machine à pistons alternatifs - Google Patents

Machine à pistons alternatifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3440321B1
EP3440321B1 EP17716101.5A EP17716101A EP3440321B1 EP 3440321 B1 EP3440321 B1 EP 3440321B1 EP 17716101 A EP17716101 A EP 17716101A EP 3440321 B1 EP3440321 B1 EP 3440321B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
reciprocating
piston engine
valve stroke
transmission element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17716101.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3440321A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen GELTER
Andreas Zurk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL List GmbH
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AVL List GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3440321A1 publication Critical patent/EP3440321A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3440321B1 publication Critical patent/EP3440321B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/08—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for decompression, e.g. during starting; for changing compression ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/146—Push-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/04—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for starting by means of fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F01L2001/256—Hydraulic tappets between cam and push rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L2013/0089—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque with means for delaying valve closing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

Definitions

  • Reciprocating piston machine with a valve actuation device for at least one gas exchange valve with at least one valve lift transmission device, which has at least one first valve lift transmission element arranged between the gas exchange valve and the camshaft, which is displaceably mounted between a closed position of the gas exchange valve, the first position and an open position of the gas exchange valve, and at least one holding device with a holding element is arranged in such a way that the holding element is displaceably mounted parallel to a guide surface of the first valve lift transmission element between an actuating position and a release position in a machine housing - in particular a cylinder head - or a housing-fixed component in such a way that in its actuating position the displacement movement of the first valve lift transmission element in the direction of the second position at least delayed ert and released in the release position, wherein the holding element has an engagement surface and this delimits a pressure space with a counter surface, the counter surface and the guide surface being fixed to the housing, in particular in the machine housing, the holding element being arranged concentrically with
  • Holding devices are used to change the closing time of the gas exchange valve. With such devices - also known as "lost motion" mechanisms - engine braking and / or decompression functions can be implemented in a simple manner.
  • Holding devices for valve lift transmission devices are for example from the EP 2 340 362 B1 known.
  • the holding device here has a piston which is guided in a part of the valve lift transmission device which is moved by the camshaft. Because the piston is also moved with the valve lift transmission device, the moved masses increase. This leads to increased wear and an increased energy requirement. Furthermore, this known solution requires an increased design effort.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a simple way of holding the gas exchange valve.
  • the holding element at least partially surrounds the valve lift transmission element. This results in a particularly simple and space-saving arrangement.
  • This measure has the advantage that the holding element does not have to be moved with the moving parts of the valve lift transmission device.
  • the masses moved are smaller compared to those of conventional devices.
  • the holding element can be moved more easily, which benefits the simplicity of the construction.
  • the holding element is formed by a piston, preferably by an annular piston. This has the advantage that the required area for the holding element can be reduced to a minimum.
  • a compact actuation option for the holding element is obtained if the pressure chamber can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure source via at least one first valve, which is preferably designed as a 3/2-way valve, and the holding element is pressurized against the pressure chamber against a pressure spring, preferably a spring - The restoring force can be deflected.
  • the guide surface is formed by an outer lateral surface of a guide sleeve fixed to the housing, the first valve lift transmission element preferably being slidably mounted on an inner lateral surface of the guide sleeve.
  • first valve lift transmission element which is preferably designed as a multi-part tappet, has a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the second transmission part being mounted displaceably in the first transmission part along the displacement axis. This allows a relative movement between the first and second transmission part in a simple manner.
  • the first valve lift transmission element has at least one coupling area for at least one end face, preferably on both face ends facing away from one another, for a further valve lift transmission element, the coupling area preferably being designed as a ball socket.
  • the coupling area preferably being designed as a ball socket.
  • a particularly simple arrangement results if the first valve lift transmission element is arranged between at least one bumper and at least one valve lever.
  • the pressure chamber can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure accumulator via at least one second valve, which is preferably designed as a throttle check valve.
  • FIG. 1 A valve actuation device 10 of a reciprocating piston machine 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the reciprocating piston machine 1 has gas exchange valves, not shown, which are mechanically connected to the valve actuation device 10 via a valve lever 2.
  • a housing-fixed component 3 and a piston receptacle 4 is shown, the one in Fig. 2 Record shown valve lift transmission device 11.
  • This valve lift transmission device 11 has a multi-part tappet, which forms a first valve lift transmission element 12, which in turn has a first 13 and a second transmission part 14.
  • the first transmission part 13 is displaceably mounted in the second transmission part 14, a piston region 5 of the first transmission part 13 being guided in, for example, a cylindrical guide region 6 of the second transmission part 14.
  • the displacement of the first valve lift transmission element 12 is possible along a displacement axis 15, the displacement axis 15 also being the axis of the cylindrical transmission parts 13, 14 forms.
  • the first valve lift transmission element 12 has a coupling area at each of its two ends. A first coupling area is arranged between the first transmission part 13 and a connecting bolt 16, which transmits the movement of the valve lift transmission device 11 to the valve lever 2.
  • the coupling area has a ball socket 17a connected to the first transmission part 13 for receiving a ball 18 of the connecting bolt 16, which is firmly connected to the valve lever 2.
  • a coupling element 19 is designed as a shell which is open towards the connecting bolt 16 and which rests on a connecting plate 20 of the first transmission part 13.
  • the coupling area of the second transmission part 14 is arranged facing away from the valve lever 2 in the direction of a bumper 21. This coupling area between the second transmission part 14 and the bumper 21 is formed by the ball socket 17b.
  • the valve lift transmission device 11 is arranged in a cylindrical recess 22 in the component 3 fixed to the housing.
  • the displacement axis 15 is identical to a cylinder axis 23 of the cylindrical recess 22.
  • the second transmission part 14 has, facing away from the coupling area, a shoulder 24 which has a shoulder ring surface 25 which points into the interior of the cylindrical recess 22.
  • the cylindrical recess 22 has a shoulder 26, which has a first shoulder ring surface 27, which points in the direction of the bumper 21, and a second shoulder ring surface 28, which points in the direction of the valve lever 2.
  • a guide sleeve 32 fixed to the housing rests on the second shoulder ring surface 28. It is arranged concentrically to the transmission parts 13, 14 and has an inner lateral surface 33 and a guide surface 34 formed by an outer lateral surface.
  • the second transmission part 14 of the first valve lift transmission element 12 is slidably mounted on the inner lateral surface 33.
  • a holding element 40 is slidably mounted on the guide surface 34.
  • annular piston 40a serves as the holding element 40.
  • This has an engagement surface 41 which forms part of a boundary of a pressure space 42 forms.
  • a stop 43 on the annular piston 40a on the contact surface 41 is used, which does not extend here over the entire circumference of the annular piston 40a.
  • a spring 44 is supported on the annular piston 40a in the direction of the valve lever 2 against the piston receptacle 4.
  • the piston holder 4 is detachably connected to the housing-fixed component 3 with screws, not shown.
  • the pressure chamber 42 is delimited by the engagement surface 41, the guide surface 34, the component 3 fixed to the housing and the piston receptacle 4.
  • a counter surface 35 of the component 3 fixed to the housing is located opposite the engagement surface 41.
  • pressure lines 45 For supplying and discharging the pressure into the pressure chamber 42, there are pressure lines 45 in the component 3 fixed to the housing and in the piston receptacle 4.
  • the pressure lines 45 are formed in the component 3 fixed to the housing by two mutually perpendicular bores.
  • the annular piston 40a is pressed in the direction of the connecting plate 20 by pressure in the pressure chamber 42 while the valve lever is in motion. Via the stroke of the first transmission part 13, this is passed on via the coupling area to the connecting bolt 16 and thus to the valve lever 2, which causes a delay in the further movement of the valve lever 2 in the direction of the bumper 21, such as Fig. 2 shows.
  • the holding element 40 which in the exemplary embodiment described is designed as an annular piston 40a, thus causes at least a delay up to a blocking of the movement of the valve lever 2 in the direction of the bumper 21. This slows down the downward movement of the valve lever 2 and delays the closing of the valve.
  • the holding element 40 and the annular piston 40a are guided via the guide surface 34 of the guide sleeve 32.
  • the inner lateral surface 33 of this guide sleeve 32 serves to guide the second transmission part 14.
  • the compression spring 29 ensures contact between the bumper 21 and the second transmission part 14.
  • a hydraulic valve lash adjuster 80 is provided in the transmission part 13.
  • the holding element 40 is designed as a single journal piston which is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve 32. Furthermore, a plurality of journal pistons can form the holding element 40, which are arranged, for example, on different sides, diametrically around the guide sleeve 32 in the case of two journal pistons.
  • FIG. 4 A control arrangement 50 of the reciprocating piston engine 1 is shown, which brings about the pressurization of the pressure chamber 42. Shown are the pressure chamber 42, the spring 44, which ensures the resetting of the holding element 40, the holding element 40, a throttle check valve 51, a pressure accumulator 52, a 3/2-way valve 53, a pressure source 54, a pressure relief valve 55, a check valve 56, the pressure lines 45 and a tank 46.
  • a main supply line 57 includes the tank 46, the pressure source 54, the check valve 56 and the 3/2 way valve 53.
  • a pressure accumulator line 58 leads from the pressure chamber 42 to the throttle check valve 51 to the pressure accumulator 52.
  • an overpressure line 59 leads from the pressure chamber 42 via the pressure relief valve 55 into the tank 46. This pressure relief line 59 is intended to prevent the gas exchange valve from remaining open.
  • the pressure chamber 42 is filled via the main supply line 57 when the gas exchange valves are opened for the first time.
  • the pressure accumulator 52 fills, as in FIG Fig. 5 shown.
  • the pressure from the pressure accumulator 52 is provided, such as Fig. 4 shows. Leakages are compensated for via the main supply line 57.
  • Fig. 6 the return from the pressure chamber via the main supply line 57 is shown in the closed position when the gas exchange valve is closed when the 3/2 way valve 53 is not actuated.
  • the force of the spring 44 then prevails in relation to the pressurization of the engagement surface 41 and the holding element 40 moves into a release position 70.
  • the main supply line 57 and pressure storage line 58 are brought together before entering the pressure chamber 42.
  • the movement of the holding element 40 can take place hydraulically or pneumatically.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Machine à piston alternatif (1) comprenant un dispositif d'actionnement (10) d'au moins une soupape d'échange de gaz, au moins un dispositif de transmission de course de soupape (11) qui comporte au moins un premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) installé entre la soupape d'échange de gaz et l'arbre à cames, et monté mobile en translation entre une première position associée à une position de fermeture de la soupape d'échange de gaz et une seconde position associée à une position d'ouverture de la soupape d'échange de gaz et au moins un dispositif de retenue comportant au moins un élément de retenue (40) installé de sorte que l'élément de retenue (40) soit monté mobile en translation entre une position d'actionnement (60) et une position de libération (70), dans un carter de machine, - en particulier une culasse - ou un composant (3) solidaire du carter parallèlement à une surface de guidage (34) du premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) de façon que, dans sa position d'actionnement (60), il ralentisse au moins le mouvement de translation du premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) en direction de la seconde position et le libère dans la position de libération (70), l'élément de retenue (40) comportant une surface d'attaque (41) délimitant avec une surface antagoniste (35) une chambre de pression (42), la surface antagoniste (35) et la surface de guidage (34) étant installées solidairement au carter, en particulier dans le carter de la machine, et l'élément de retenue (40) étant installé concentriquement au premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12),
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément de retenue (40) entoure au moins partiellement l'élément de transmission de course de soupape (12).
  2. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément de retenue (40) est formé par un piston, de préférence par un piston annulaire (40a).
  3. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre de pression (42) peut être reliée hydrauliquement ou pneumatiquement à une source de pression (54) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une première soupape réalisée de préférence sous la forme d'une soupape à 3/2 voies (53), l'élément de retenue (40) pouvant être déplacé par alimentation en pression de la chambre de pression (42) contre une force de rappel de préférence appliquée par un ressort (44).
  4. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la surface de guidage (34) est formée par la surface enveloppe externe d'une douille de guidage (32) solidaire du carter et de préférence, le premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) est monté mobile en translation sur la surface enveloppe interne (33) de la douille de guidage (32).
  5. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) réalisé de préférence sous la forme d'un poussoir en plusieurs parties comporte une première partie de transmission (13) et une seconde partie de transmission (14), la seconde partie de transmission (14) étant montée mobile en translation le long de l'axe de coulissement (15) dans la première partie de transmission (13).
  6. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    une compensation hydraulique de jeu de soupape (80) est installée dans la partie de transmission (13).
  7. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) comporte, sur au moins une face frontale, de préférence sur les deux faces frontales situées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre, au moins une zone de couplage pour un autre élément de transmission de course de soupape, et de préférence la zone de couplage est réalisée sous la forme d'un coussinet sphérique (19).
  8. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    au moins un autre élément de transmission de course de soupape est formé par une tige poussoir (21) ou un levier de soupape (2).
  9. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier élément de transmission de course de soupape (12) est installé entre au moins une tige poussoir (21) et au moins un levier de soupape (2).
  10. Machine à piston alternatif (1) conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 9,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre de pression (42) peut être reliée hydrauliquement ou pneumatiquement à un accumulateur de pression (52) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une seconde soupape, de préférence réalisée sous la forme d'une soupape de retenue à étranglement (51).
EP17716101.5A 2016-04-05 2017-03-30 Machine à pistons alternatifs Active EP3440321B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50275/2016A AT518408B1 (de) 2016-04-05 2016-04-05 Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung für zumindest ein gaswechselventil
PCT/AT2017/060081 WO2017173471A1 (fr) 2016-04-05 2017-03-30 Machine à pistons alternatifs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3440321A1 EP3440321A1 (fr) 2019-02-13
EP3440321B1 true EP3440321B1 (fr) 2020-02-19

Family

ID=58503543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17716101.5A Active EP3440321B1 (fr) 2016-04-05 2017-03-30 Machine à pistons alternatifs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11466596B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3440321B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7114480B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN109196191B (fr)
AT (1) AT518408B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017173471A1 (fr)

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WO2017173471A1 (fr) 2017-10-12
EP3440321A1 (fr) 2019-02-13
AT518408A4 (de) 2017-10-15
US11466596B2 (en) 2022-10-11
CN109196191A (zh) 2019-01-11
JP2019510924A (ja) 2019-04-18
JP7114480B2 (ja) 2022-08-08
US20190112951A1 (en) 2019-04-18
AT518408B1 (de) 2017-10-15
CN109196191B (zh) 2020-11-27

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