EP3440321B1 - Reciprocating-piston machine - Google Patents

Reciprocating-piston machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3440321B1
EP3440321B1 EP17716101.5A EP17716101A EP3440321B1 EP 3440321 B1 EP3440321 B1 EP 3440321B1 EP 17716101 A EP17716101 A EP 17716101A EP 3440321 B1 EP3440321 B1 EP 3440321B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
reciprocating
piston engine
valve stroke
transmission element
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EP17716101.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3440321A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen GELTER
Andreas Zurk
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AVL List GmbH
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AVL List GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/08—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for decompression, e.g. during starting; for changing compression ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/146—Push-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/04—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for starting by means of fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F01L2001/256—Hydraulic tappets between cam and push rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L2013/0089—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque with means for delaying valve closing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Hubkolbenmaschine mit einer Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung für zumindest ein Gaswechselventil, mit zumindest einer Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung, welche zumindest ein zwischen dem Gaswechselventil und der Nockenwelle angeordnetes erstes Ventilhubübertragungselement aufweist, das zwischen einer Schließstellung des Gaswechselventiles zugeordneten, ersten Stellung und einer Öffnungsstellung des Gaswechselventiles zugeordneten zweiten Stellung verschiebbar gelagert ist und zumindest eine Haltevorrichtung mit einem Halteelement so angeordnet ist, dass das Halteelement zwischen einer Betätigungsstellung und einer Freigabestellung in einem Maschinengehäuse - insbesondere einem Zylinderkopf - oder einem gehäusefesten Bauteil parallel zu einer Führungsfläche des ersten Ventilhubübertragungselementes so verschiebbar gelagert ist, dass es in seiner Betätigungsstellung die Verschiebebewegung des ersten Ventilhubübertragungselementes in Richtung der zweiten Stellung zumindest verzögert und in der Freigabestellung freigibt, wobei das Halteelement eine Angriffsfläche aufweist und diese mit einer Gegenfläche einen Druckraum begrenzt, wobei die Gegenfläche und die Führungsfläche gehäusefest, insbesondere im Maschinengehäuse angeordnet sind, wobei das Halteelement konzentrisch zum ersten Ventilhubübertragungselement angeordnet ist.Reciprocating piston machine with a valve actuation device for at least one gas exchange valve, with at least one valve lift transmission device, which has at least one first valve lift transmission element arranged between the gas exchange valve and the camshaft, which is displaceably mounted between a closed position of the gas exchange valve, the first position and an open position of the gas exchange valve, and at least one holding device with a holding element is arranged in such a way that the holding element is displaceably mounted parallel to a guide surface of the first valve lift transmission element between an actuating position and a release position in a machine housing - in particular a cylinder head - or a housing-fixed component in such a way that in its actuating position the displacement movement of the first valve lift transmission element in the direction of the second position at least delayed ert and released in the release position, wherein the holding element has an engagement surface and this delimits a pressure space with a counter surface, the counter surface and the guide surface being fixed to the housing, in particular in the machine housing, the holding element being arranged concentrically with the first valve lift transmission element.

Haltevorrichtungen werden verwendet, um den Schließzeitpunkt des Gaswechselventils zu verändern. Mit derartigen - auch als "Lost Motion" - Mechanismus bekannten Vorrichtungen - können auf einfache Weise Motorbrems - und/oder Dekompressionsfunktionen verwirklicht werden.Holding devices are used to change the closing time of the gas exchange valve. With such devices - also known as "lost motion" mechanisms - engine braking and / or decompression functions can be implemented in a simple manner.

Haltevorrichtungen für Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus der EP 2 340 362 B1 bekannt. Die Haltevorrichtung weist hier einen Kolben auf, der in einem von der Nockenwelle bewegten Teil der Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung geführt wird. Dadurch, dass der Kolben mit der Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung mitbewegt wird, erhöhen sich die bewegten Massen. Das führt zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß und einem erhöhten Energiebedarf. Weiters bedingt diese bekannte Lösung einen erhöhten Konstruktionsaufwand.Holding devices for valve lift transmission devices are for example from the EP 2 340 362 B1 known. The holding device here has a piston which is guided in a part of the valve lift transmission device which is moved by the camshaft. Because the piston is also moved with the valve lift transmission device, the moved masses increase. This leads to increased wear and an increased energy requirement. Furthermore, this known solution requires an increased design effort.

Aus der WO 2014/060 645 A1 , der WO 2010/012864 A1 , und der WO 2010/125235 A1 sind jeweils Haltevorrichtungen gemäß dem Oberbegriff bekannt.From the WO 2014/060 645 A1 , the WO 2010/012864 A1 , and the WO 2010/125235 A1 holding devices according to the preamble are known.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine einfache Möglichkeit zum Halten des Gaswechselventils anzugeben.The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a simple way of holding the gas exchange valve.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch erfüllt, dass das Halteelement das Ventilhubübertragungselement zumindest teilweise umgibt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders einfache und platzsparende Anordnung.This object is achieved in that the holding element at least partially surrounds the valve lift transmission element. This results in a particularly simple and space-saving arrangement.

Durch diese Maßnahme entsteht der Vorteil, dass das Halteelement nicht mit den bewegten Teilen der Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung mitbewegt werden muss. Die bewegten Massen sind geringer im Vergleich zu denen herkömmlicher Einrichtungen. Weiters ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass eine Verschiebung des Halteelements leichter realisierbar ist, was der Einfachheit der Konstruktion zugutekommt.This measure has the advantage that the holding element does not have to be moved with the moving parts of the valve lift transmission device. The masses moved are smaller compared to those of conventional devices. Furthermore, there is the advantage that the holding element can be moved more easily, which benefits the simplicity of the construction.

Es ist besonders günstig, wenn das Halteelement durch einen Kolben, vorzugsweise durch einen Ringkolben gebildet ist. Dadurch entsteht der Vorteil, dass die benötigte Fläche für das Halteelement auf ein Minimum reduziert werden kann.It is particularly advantageous if the holding element is formed by a piston, preferably by an annular piston. This has the advantage that the required area for the holding element can be reduced to a minimum.

Eine kompakte Betätigungsmöglichkeit für das Halteelement ergibt sich, wenn der Druckraum über zumindest ein - vorzugsweise als 3/2 Wegeventil ausgebildetes - erstes Ventil mit einer Druckquelle hydraulisch oder pneumatisch verbindbar ist, und das Halteelement durch Druckbeaufschlagung des Druckraumes entgegen einer - vorzugsweise durch eine Feder gebildeten - Rückstellkraft auslenkbar ist.A compact actuation option for the holding element is obtained if the pressure chamber can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure source via at least one first valve, which is preferably designed as a 3/2-way valve, and the holding element is pressurized against the pressure chamber against a pressure spring, preferably a spring - The restoring force can be deflected.

Um die Verschleiß- und Laufeigenschaften der Haltevorrichtung zu optimieren ist es günstig, wenn die Führungsfläche durch eine äußere Mantelfläche einer gehäusefesten Führungshülse gebildet ist, wobei vorzugsweise das erste Ventilhubübertragungselement an einer inneren Mantelfläche der Führungshülse verschiebbar gelagert ist.In order to optimize the wear and running properties of the holding device, it is expedient if the guide surface is formed by an outer lateral surface of a guide sleeve fixed to the housing, the first valve lift transmission element preferably being slidably mounted on an inner lateral surface of the guide sleeve.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsvariante ergibt sich, wenn das - vorzugsweise als mehrteiliger Stößel ausgebildete - erste Ventilhubübertragungselement einen ersten Übertragungsteil und einen zweiten Übertragungsteil aufweist, wobei der zweite Übertragungsteil entlang der Verschiebeachse verschiebbar im ersten Übertragungsteil gelagert ist. Dadurch wird auf einfache Weise eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Übertragungsteil zugelassen.An advantageous embodiment variant results when the first valve lift transmission element, which is preferably designed as a multi-part tappet, has a first transmission part and a second transmission part, the second transmission part being mounted displaceably in the first transmission part along the displacement axis. This allows a relative movement between the first and second transmission part in a simple manner.

Es ist günstig, wenn in dem Übertragungsteil ein hydraulischer Ventilspielausgleich angeordnet ist. Dadurch kann das Ventilspiel automatisch ausgeglichen werden.It is advantageous if a hydraulic valve lash adjuster is arranged in the transmission part. This allows the valve clearance to be automatically compensated.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das erste Ventilhubübertragungselement an zumindest einer Stirnseite, vorzugsweise an beiden einander abgewandten Stirnseiten, zumindest einen Koppelbereich für ein weiteres Ventilhubübertragungselement aufweist, wobei vorzugsweise der Koppelbereich als Kugelpfanne ausgebildet ist. Der Vorteil hierbei besteht darin, dass durch diese Koppelbereiche eine möglichst verlustarme Kraftübertragung stattfinden kann.It is particularly advantageous if the first valve lift transmission element has at least one coupling area for at least one end face, preferably on both face ends facing away from one another, for a further valve lift transmission element, the coupling area preferably being designed as a ball socket. The advantage here is that these coupling areas enable the lowest possible loss of power to take place.

Der gleiche Vorteil entsteht, wenn zumindest ein weiteres Ventilübertragungselement durch eine Stoßstange oder einen Ventilhebel gebildet ist.The same advantage arises if at least one further valve transmission element is formed by a bumper or a valve lever.

Eine besonders einfache Anordnung ergibt sich, wenn das erste Ventilhubübertragungselement zwischen zumindest einer Stoßstange und zumindest einem Ventilhebel angeordnet ist.A particularly simple arrangement results if the first valve lift transmission element is arranged between at least one bumper and at least one valve lever.

Aus Gründen der Sicherheit und der Zuverlässigkeit ist es günstig, wenn der Druckraum über zumindest ein - vorzugsweise als Drosselrückschlagventil ausgebildetes zweites Ventil mit einem Druckspeicher hydraulisch oder pneumatisch verbindbar ist.For reasons of safety and reliability, it is favorable if the pressure chamber can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure accumulator via at least one second valve, which is preferably designed as a throttle check valve.

In der Folge wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der nicht einschränkenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenmaschine in einem Schrägriss;
Fig. 2
die Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung in einem Schnitt gemäß der Linien II-II in Fig. 1 mit einem Halteelement in einer Betätigungsstellung;
Fig. 3
die Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung in einem Schnitt analog zu Fig. 2 mit dem Halteelement in einer Freigabestellung;
Fig. 4
eine Steueranordnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenmaschine in einer ersten Stellung;
Fig. 5
die Steueranordnung in einer zweiten Stellung; und
Fig. 6
die Steueranordnung in einer dritten Stellung.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a valve actuation device of a reciprocating piston machine according to the invention in an oblique crack;
Fig. 2
the valve actuator in a section along the lines II-II in Fig. 1 with a holding element in an actuating position;
Fig. 3
the valve actuating device in a section analogous to Fig. 2 with the holding element in a release position;
Fig. 4
a control arrangement of a reciprocating piston machine according to the invention in a first position;
Fig. 5
the control arrangement in a second position; and
Fig. 6
the control arrangement in a third position.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Ventilbetätigungseinrichtungn 10 einer erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenmaschine 1 gezeigt. Die Hubkolbenmaschine 1 weist nicht gezeigte Gaswechselventile auf, die mechanisch über einen Ventilhebel 2 mit der Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung 10 verbunden sind. In Fig. 1 ist ein gehäusefestes Bauteil 3 und eine Kolbenaufnahme 4 dargestellt, die eine in Fig. 2 gezeigte Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung 11 aufnehmen.In Fig. 1 A valve actuation device 10 of a reciprocating piston machine 1 according to the invention is shown. The reciprocating piston machine 1 has gas exchange valves, not shown, which are mechanically connected to the valve actuation device 10 via a valve lever 2. In Fig. 1 a housing-fixed component 3 and a piston receptacle 4 is shown, the one in Fig. 2 Record shown valve lift transmission device 11.

Diese Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung 11 weist einen mehrteiligen Stößel auf, der ein erstes Ventilhubübertragungselement 12 bildet, das seinerseits einen ersten 13 und einen zweiten Übertragungsteil 14 aufweist. Der erste Übertragungsteil 13 ist in dem zweiten Übertragungsteil 14 verschiebbar gelagert, wobei ein Kolbenbereich 5 des ersten Übertragungsteils 13 in einem beispielsweise zylindrischen Führungsbereich 6 des zweiten Übertragungsteils 14 geführt ist. Die Verschiebung des ersten Ventilhubübertragungselementes 12 ist entlang einer Verschiebeachse 15 möglich, wobei die Verschiebeachse 15 ebenso die Achse der zylindrischen Übertragungsteile 13, 14 bildet. Das erste Ventilhubübertragungselement 12 weist an seinen beiden Enden jeweils einen Koppelbereich auf. Ein erster Koppelbereich ist zwischen erstem Übertragungsteil 13 und einem Verbindungsbolzen 16 angeordnet, der die Bewegung der Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung 11 auf den Ventilhebel 2 überträgt. Der Koppelbereich weist eine mit dem ersten Übertragungsteil 13 verbundene Kugelpfanne 17a zur Aufnahme einer Kugel 18 des Verbindungsbolzens 16 auf, welcher mit dem Ventilhebel 2 fest verbunden ist. Ein Koppelelement 19 ist dabei als zum Verbindungsbolzen 16 hin offene Schale ausgebildet, die auf einer Verbindungsplatte 20 des ersten Übertragungsteils 13 aufliegt.This valve lift transmission device 11 has a multi-part tappet, which forms a first valve lift transmission element 12, which in turn has a first 13 and a second transmission part 14. The first transmission part 13 is displaceably mounted in the second transmission part 14, a piston region 5 of the first transmission part 13 being guided in, for example, a cylindrical guide region 6 of the second transmission part 14. The displacement of the first valve lift transmission element 12 is possible along a displacement axis 15, the displacement axis 15 also being the axis of the cylindrical transmission parts 13, 14 forms. The first valve lift transmission element 12 has a coupling area at each of its two ends. A first coupling area is arranged between the first transmission part 13 and a connecting bolt 16, which transmits the movement of the valve lift transmission device 11 to the valve lever 2. The coupling area has a ball socket 17a connected to the first transmission part 13 for receiving a ball 18 of the connecting bolt 16, which is firmly connected to the valve lever 2. A coupling element 19 is designed as a shell which is open towards the connecting bolt 16 and which rests on a connecting plate 20 of the first transmission part 13.

Der Koppelbereich des zweiten Übertragungsteiles 14 ist in Richtung einer Stoßstange 21 vom Ventilhebel 2 abgewandt angeordnet. Dieser Koppelbereich zwischen zweitem Übertragungsteil 14 und Stoßstange 21 wird durch die Kugelpfanne 17b gebildet.The coupling area of the second transmission part 14 is arranged facing away from the valve lever 2 in the direction of a bumper 21. This coupling area between the second transmission part 14 and the bumper 21 is formed by the ball socket 17b.

Die Ventilhubübertragungseinrichtung 11 ist in einer zylindrischen Ausnehmung 22 im gehäusefesten Bauteil 3 angeordnet. Dabei ist die Verschiebeachse 15 ident mit einer Zylinderachse 23 der zylindrischen Ausnehmung 22.The valve lift transmission device 11 is arranged in a cylindrical recess 22 in the component 3 fixed to the housing. The displacement axis 15 is identical to a cylinder axis 23 of the cylindrical recess 22.

Der zweite Übertragungsteil 14 besitzt, vom Koppelbereich abgewandt, eine Schulter 24 die eine Schulterringfläche 25 hat, die ins Innere der zylindrischen Ausnehmung 22 zeigt. Die zylindrische Ausnehmung 22 weist einen Absatz 26 auf, wobei dieser eine erste Absatzringfläche 27, die in Richtung der Stoßstange 21 zeigt, und eine zweite Absatzringfläche 28, die in Richtung des Ventilhebels 2 zeigt, aufweist.The second transmission part 14 has, facing away from the coupling area, a shoulder 24 which has a shoulder ring surface 25 which points into the interior of the cylindrical recess 22. The cylindrical recess 22 has a shoulder 26, which has a first shoulder ring surface 27, which points in the direction of the bumper 21, and a second shoulder ring surface 28, which points in the direction of the valve lever 2.

Zwischen der Schulter 24 und dem Absatz 26 befindet sich eine Druckfeder 29 die sich auf der ersten Absatzringfläche 27 gegen die Schulterringfläche 25 abstützt. Sie wirkt einer Hubbewegung der Stoßstange 21 entgegen.Between the shoulder 24 and the shoulder 26 there is a compression spring 29 which is supported on the first shoulder ring surface 27 against the shoulder ring surface 25. It counteracts a stroke movement of the bumper 21.

Zwischen einem Absatzinnenmantel 30 des Absatzes 26 und einer äußeren Mantelfläche 31 des zweiten Übertragungsteiles 14 besteht kein Kontakt.There is no contact between a shoulder inner jacket 30 of the shoulder 26 and an outer jacket surface 31 of the second transmission part 14.

Auf der zweiten Absatzringfläche 28 liegt eine gehäusefeste Führungshülse 32 auf. Sie ist konzentrisch zu den Übertragungsteilen 13, 14 angeordnet und weist eine innere Mantelfläche 33 und eine, durch eine äußere Mantelfläche gebildete, Führungsfläche 34 auf. Der zweite Übertragungsteil 14 des ersten Ventilhubübertragungselementes 12 ist an der inneren Mantelfläche 33 verschiebbar gelagert. An der Führungsfläche 34 ist ein Halteelement 40 verschiebbar gelagert.A guide sleeve 32 fixed to the housing rests on the second shoulder ring surface 28. It is arranged concentrically to the transmission parts 13, 14 and has an inner lateral surface 33 and a guide surface 34 formed by an outer lateral surface. The second transmission part 14 of the first valve lift transmission element 12 is slidably mounted on the inner lateral surface 33. A holding element 40 is slidably mounted on the guide surface 34.

Als Halteelement 40 dient in der gezeigten Ausführung ein Ringkolben 40a. Dieser hat eine Angriffsfläche 41, die einen Teil einer Begrenzung eines Druckraumes 42 bildet. Um diesem Druckraum 42 ein Mindestvolumen zu garantieren dient ein Anschlag 43 am Ringkolben 40a an der Angriffsfläche 41 der hier nicht über den gesamten Umfang des Ringkolbens 40a reicht.In the embodiment shown, an annular piston 40a serves as the holding element 40. This has an engagement surface 41 which forms part of a boundary of a pressure space 42 forms. In order to guarantee a minimum volume for this pressure chamber 42, a stop 43 on the annular piston 40a on the contact surface 41 is used, which does not extend here over the entire circumference of the annular piston 40a.

Am Ringkolben 40a stützt sich eine Feder 44 in Richtung des Ventilhebels 2 gegen die Kolbenaufnahme 4 ab. Die Kolbenaufnahme 4 ist mit dem gehäusefesten Bauteil 3 mit nicht gezeigten Schrauben lösbar verbunden.A spring 44 is supported on the annular piston 40a in the direction of the valve lever 2 against the piston receptacle 4. The piston holder 4 is detachably connected to the housing-fixed component 3 with screws, not shown.

Der Druckraum 42 wird in der gezeigten Ausführung von der Angriffsfläche 41, der Führungsfläche 34, dem gehäusefesten Bauteil 3 und der Kolbenaufnahme 4 begrenzt. Gegenüber der Angriffsfläche 41 befindet sich eine Gegenfläche 35 des gehäusefesten Bauteils 3.In the embodiment shown, the pressure chamber 42 is delimited by the engagement surface 41, the guide surface 34, the component 3 fixed to the housing and the piston receptacle 4. A counter surface 35 of the component 3 fixed to the housing is located opposite the engagement surface 41.

Zur Zufuhr und Abfuhr des Drucks in den Druckraum 42 finden sich Druckleitungen 45 im gehäusefesten Bauteil 3 und in der Kolbenaufnahme 4. Die Druckleitungen 45 sind im Ausführungsbeispiel im gehäusefesten Bauteil 3 durch je zwei zueinander rechtwinklige Bohrungen gebildet.For supplying and discharging the pressure into the pressure chamber 42, there are pressure lines 45 in the component 3 fixed to the housing and in the piston receptacle 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure lines 45 are formed in the component 3 fixed to the housing by two mutually perpendicular bores.

Für einen Abbremsvorgang wird während sich der Ventilhebel in Bewegung befindet der Ringkolben 40a durch Druck im Druckraum 42 in Richtung der Verbindungsplatte 20 gedrückt. Über den Hub des ersten Übertragungsteiles 13 wird dieser über den Koppelbereich an den Verbindungsbolzen 16 und somit an den Ventilhebel 2 weitergegeben, was eine Verzögerung der weiteren Bewegung des Ventilhebels 2 in Richtung der Stoßstange 21 bewirkt, wie Fig. 2 zeigt.For a braking process, the annular piston 40a is pressed in the direction of the connecting plate 20 by pressure in the pressure chamber 42 while the valve lever is in motion. Via the stroke of the first transmission part 13, this is passed on via the coupling area to the connecting bolt 16 and thus to the valve lever 2, which causes a delay in the further movement of the valve lever 2 in the direction of the bumper 21, such as Fig. 2 shows.

Das Halteelement 40, das im beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel als Ringkolben 40a ausgeführt ist, bewirkt also zumindest eine Verzögerung bis hin zu einer Blockierung der Bewegung des Ventilhebels 2 in Richtung der Stoßstange 21. Damit wird die Abwärtsbewegung des Ventilhebels 2 abgebremst und das Schließen des Ventils verzögert.The holding element 40, which in the exemplary embodiment described is designed as an annular piston 40a, thus causes at least a delay up to a blocking of the movement of the valve lever 2 in the direction of the bumper 21. This slows down the downward movement of the valve lever 2 and delays the closing of the valve.

Die Führung des Halteelementes 40, des Ringkolbens 40a erfolgt über die Führungsfläche 34 der Führungshülse 32. Die innere Mantelfläche 33 dieser Führungshülse 32 dient der Führung des zweiten Übertragungsteiles 14.The holding element 40 and the annular piston 40a are guided via the guide surface 34 of the guide sleeve 32. The inner lateral surface 33 of this guide sleeve 32 serves to guide the second transmission part 14.

Durch die Druckfeder 29 wird der Kontakt zwischen der Stoßstange 21 und dem zweiten Übertragungsteil 14 sichergestellt.The compression spring 29 ensures contact between the bumper 21 and the second transmission part 14.

Ist der Druckraum 42 drucklos, wird das Halteelement 40, der Ringkolben 40a von der Feder 44 in Richtung der Stoßstange 21 gedrückt. Dadurch wird der Kraftschluss zwischen erstem Übertragungsteil 13 und Halteelement 40 getrennt. Die Bewegung des Ventilhebels 2 wird dann durch den ersten Übertragungsteil 13 und den zweiten Übertragungsteil 14 an die Stoßstange 21 übertragen, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt.If the pressure chamber 42 is depressurized, the holding element 40, the annular piston 40a is pressed by the spring 44 in the direction of the bumper 21. As a result, the frictional connection between the first transmission part 13 and the holding element 40 is separated. The movement of the valve lever 2 is then by the first transmission part 13 and transfer the second transmission part 14 to the bumper 21, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown.

In dem Übertragungsteil 13 ist ein hydraulischer Ventilspielausgleich 80 vorgesehen.A hydraulic valve lash adjuster 80 is provided in the transmission part 13.

In einer weiteren Ausführung ist das Halteelement 40 als ein einzelner Zapfenkolben ausgebildet, der auf einer Seite der Führungshülse 32 angeordnet ist. Weiters können auch mehrere Zapfenkolben das Halteelement 40 bilden, die beispielsweise auf verschiedenen Seiten, bei zwei Zapfenkolben diametral um die Führungshülse 32 angeordnet sind.In a further embodiment, the holding element 40 is designed as a single journal piston which is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve 32. Furthermore, a plurality of journal pistons can form the holding element 40, which are arranged, for example, on different sides, diametrically around the guide sleeve 32 in the case of two journal pistons.

In Fig. 4 ist eine Steueranordnung 50 der Hubkolbenmaschine 1 abgebildet, die die Druckbeaufschlagung des Druckraumes 42 bewerkstelligt. Gezeigt sind der Druckraum 42, die Feder 44, die für die Rückstellung des Halteelementes 40 sorgt, das Halteelement 40, ein Drosselrückschlagventil 51, ein Druckspeicher 52, ein 3/2 Wegeventil 53, eine Druckquelle 54, ein Überdruckventil 55, ein Rückschlagventil 56, die Druckleitungen 45 und einen Tank 46.In Fig. 4 A control arrangement 50 of the reciprocating piston engine 1 is shown, which brings about the pressurization of the pressure chamber 42. Shown are the pressure chamber 42, the spring 44, which ensures the resetting of the holding element 40, the holding element 40, a throttle check valve 51, a pressure accumulator 52, a 3/2-way valve 53, a pressure source 54, a pressure relief valve 55, a check valve 56, the pressure lines 45 and a tank 46.

Eine Hauptversorgungsleitung 57 umfasst den Tank 46, die Druckquelle 54, das Rückschlagventil 56 und das 3/2 Wegeventil 53.A main supply line 57 includes the tank 46, the pressure source 54, the check valve 56 and the 3/2 way valve 53.

Eine Druckspeicherleitung 58 führt vom Druckraum 42 zu dem Drosselrückschlagventil 51 zum Druckspeicher 52. Und eine Überdruckleitung 59 führt vom Druckraum 42 über das Überdruckventil 55 in den Tank 46. Diese Überdruckleitung 59 soll ein Offenbleiben des Gaswechselventils verhindern.A pressure accumulator line 58 leads from the pressure chamber 42 to the throttle check valve 51 to the pressure accumulator 52. And an overpressure line 59 leads from the pressure chamber 42 via the pressure relief valve 55 into the tank 46. This pressure relief line 59 is intended to prevent the gas exchange valve from remaining open.

Wird das 3/2 Wegeventil angesteuert, wird beim ersten Öffnen der Gaswechselventile in die Öffnungsstellung der Druckraum 42 über die Hauptversorgungsleitung 57 gefüllt. Durch die Druckbeaufschlagung auf die Angriffsfläche 41 des Halteelementes 40, verschiebt sich dieser in Richtung des Ventilhebels 2 in eine Betätigungsstellung 60. Beim Rückstellen des Halteelementes 40 in die Freigabestellung 70 füllt sich der Druckspeicher 52, wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt. Bei weiteren Öffnungsvorgängen des Gaswechselventils wird der Druck aus dem Druckspeicher 52 bereitgestellt, wie Fig. 4 zeigt. Über die Hauptversorgungsleitung 57 werden Leckagen ausgeglichen.If the 3/2 way valve is actuated, the pressure chamber 42 is filled via the main supply line 57 when the gas exchange valves are opened for the first time. As a result of the pressure being applied to the contact surface 41 of the holding element 40, the latter moves in the direction of the valve lever 2 into an actuating position 60. When the holding element 40 is returned to the release position 70, the pressure accumulator 52 fills, as in FIG Fig. 5 shown. When the gas exchange valve is opened further, the pressure from the pressure accumulator 52 is provided, such as Fig. 4 shows. Leakages are compensated for via the main supply line 57.

In Fig. 6 ist der Rücklauf aus dem Druckraum über die Hauptversorgungsleitung 57 beim Schließen des Gaswechselventils in die Schließstellung abgebildet, wenn das 3/2 Wegeventil 53 nicht betätigt wird. Dann überwiegt die Kraft der Feder 44 gegenüber der Druckbeaufschlagung der Angriffsfläche 41 und das Halteelement 40 bewegt sich in eine Freigabestellung 70.In Fig. 6 the return from the pressure chamber via the main supply line 57 is shown in the closed position when the gas exchange valve is closed when the 3/2 way valve 53 is not actuated. The force of the spring 44 then prevails in relation to the pressurization of the engagement surface 41 and the holding element 40 moves into a release position 70.

In einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsvariante werden Hauptversorgungsleitung 57 und Druckspeicherleitung 58 vor Eintritt in den Druckraum 42 zusammengeführt.In an embodiment variant that is not shown, the main supply line 57 and pressure storage line 58 are brought together before entering the pressure chamber 42.

Die Bewegung des Halteelementes 40 kann hydraulisch oder pneumatisch erfolgen. The movement of the holding element 40 can take place hydraulically or pneumatically.

Claims (10)

  1. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) comprising a valve actuation device (10) for at least one gas exchange valve, at least one valve stroke transmission device (11) which has at least one first valve stroke transmission element (12), which is arranged between the gas exchange valve and the camshaft and which is mounted for movement between a first position associated with a closed position of the gas exchange valve and a second position associated with an open position of the gas exchange valve, and at least one retaining device having a retaining element (40) is arranged in such a way that the retaining element (40) is mounted for movement between an actuation position (60) and a release position (70) in a machine housing - in particular a cylinder head - or a housing-fixed component (3) parallel to a guide surface (34) of the first valve stroke transmission element (12) in such a way that, in its actuation position (60), it at least retards the displacement movement of the first valve stroke transmission element (12) in the direction of the second position and releases it in the release position (70), wherein the retaining element (40) has an attack surface (41) and said surface delimits a pressure chamber (42) with a counter-surface (35), wherein the counter-surface (35) and the guide surface (34) are arranged fixed to the housing, preferably in the machine housing, wherein the retaining element (40) is arranged concentrically to the first valve stroke transmitting element (12), characterised in that the retaining element (40) surrounds the first valve stroke transmitting element (12) at least in part.
  2. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the retaining element (40) is formed by a piston, preferably by an annular piston (40a).
  3. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the pressure chamber (42) can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure source (54) via at least one first valve - preferably in the form of a 3/2-way valve (53) -, wherein the retaining element (40) is deflectable against a restoring force - preferably formed by a spring (44) - by applying pressure to the pressure chamber (42).
  4. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the guide surface (34) is formed by an outer circumferential surface of a guide sleeve (32) fixed to the housing, wherein preferably the first valve stroke transmission element (12) is displaceably mounted on an inner circumferential surface (33) of the guide sleeve (32).
  5. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first valve stroke transmission element (12) - preferably designed as a multi-part plunger - has a first transmission part (13) and a second transmission part (14), wherein the second transmission part (14) is displaceably mounted along the displacement axis (15) in the first transmission part (13).
  6. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that a hydraulic valve clearance compensation (80) is arranged in the transmission part (13).
  7. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first valve stroke transmission element (12) has at least one coupling region for a further valve stroke transmission element on at least one end face, preferably on both end faces facing away from one another, wherein preferably the coupling region is designed in the form of a ball socket (19).
  8. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that at least one further valve transmission element is formed by a push rod (21) or a valve lever (2).
  9. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the first valve stroke transmission element (12) is arranged between at least one push rod (21) and at least one valve lever (2).
  10. Reciprocating-piston engine (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterised in that the pressure chamber (42) can be connected hydraulically or pneumatically to a pressure reservoir (52) via at least one second valve - preferably designed as a throttle non-return valve (51).
EP17716101.5A 2016-04-05 2017-03-30 Reciprocating-piston machine Active EP3440321B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50275/2016A AT518408B1 (en) 2016-04-05 2016-04-05 VALVE CONTROL DEVICE FOR AT LEAST ONE GAS CHANGING VALVE
PCT/AT2017/060081 WO2017173471A1 (en) 2016-04-05 2017-03-30 Reciprocating-piston machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3440321A1 EP3440321A1 (en) 2019-02-13
EP3440321B1 true EP3440321B1 (en) 2020-02-19

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US (1) US11466596B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3440321B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7114480B2 (en)
CN (1) CN109196191B (en)
AT (1) AT518408B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017173471A1 (en)

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DE102019008969B4 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-11-02 Daimler Truck AG Valve actuation device for an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a valve actuation device

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JP2019510924A (en) 2019-04-18
US20190112951A1 (en) 2019-04-18
US11466596B2 (en) 2022-10-11
JP7114480B2 (en) 2022-08-08
CN109196191B (en) 2020-11-27
AT518408B1 (en) 2017-10-15
CN109196191A (en) 2019-01-11
WO2017173471A1 (en) 2017-10-12
EP3440321A1 (en) 2019-02-13
AT518408A4 (en) 2017-10-15

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