EP3438524A1 - Luminaire - Google Patents

Luminaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3438524A1
EP3438524A1 EP18175680.0A EP18175680A EP3438524A1 EP 3438524 A1 EP3438524 A1 EP 3438524A1 EP 18175680 A EP18175680 A EP 18175680A EP 3438524 A1 EP3438524 A1 EP 3438524A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
light
plates
lens plate
distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18175680.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Dipl.-Phys. Dr. rer. nat. Bremerich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erco GmbH
Original Assignee
Erco GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102017122956.6A external-priority patent/DE102017122956A1/de
Application filed by Erco GmbH filed Critical Erco GmbH
Publication of EP3438524A1 publication Critical patent/EP3438524A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/008—Combination of two or more successive refractors along an optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/08—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of the screens or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/045—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/107—Outdoor lighting of the exterior of buildings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention initially relates to a luminaire according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Luminaires of the generic type are for example in the German patent applications and patents DE 10 2008 063 369 B1 .
  • DE 10 2013 011 877 B1 and DE 10 2013 021 308 B1 described, all of which date back to the applicant.
  • the object of the invention is a known lamp such to further develop that the lamp allows a change in their emission characteristics in a comfortable way.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1, in particular those of the characterizing part, and is accordingly characterized in that in the light path behind the bundling optics, in particular a collimator optics, at least two lens plates are provided, on each of which a plurality of lens elements, in particular grouped , is arranged, wherein the distance between the two lens plates is changeable by means of an adjusting device, and wherein the lamp provides different light distributions in different spaced positions of the lens plates.
  • the principle of the invention is to provide two lens plates.
  • the lens plates are serially connected in series.
  • the light emitted by the focusing optics penetrates first the first lens plate and then the second lens plate.
  • Each of the two lens plates has a plurality of lens elements.
  • the lens elements are in particular grouped, further arranged in particular according to a predetermined grid, or according to a predetermined structure, grouped.
  • the luminaire comprises at least one bundling optical system.
  • Bundling optics is understood to mean a device which can concentrate the light emitted by the light source. This may in particular be a collimator optics, that is to say a lens element which effects the bundling. Alternatively, the bundling optics may also be provided by a reflector element.
  • the decisive factor is that of the light source and the bundling optics, which together also called light drive be emitted, parallel or substantially parallel light or approximately parallel light.
  • the luminaire according to the invention further comprises an adjusting device.
  • the adjusting device By means of the adjusting device, the distance between the two lens plates is changeable.
  • the adjustment device can displace the first lens plate relative to the second lens plate fixedly arranged on the housing, or alternatively displace the second lens plate relative to the first lens plate fixedly arranged relative to the housing.
  • both lens plates are displaceable relative to the housing, and are displaced by the adjustment by changing their distance from each other.
  • the lamp provides different light distributions in different distances of the lens plates from each other.
  • the luminaire can provide a first emission characteristic, for example a narrow light emission, for example a spot emission characteristic, and a second light distribution, for example a larger emission angle, in particular a flood or a second different distance position of the lens plates Provide wideflood light distribution.
  • any lights are considered as floor, wall or ceiling light of a building, possibly as a spotlight or recessed light, the Illumination of a building surface or a part of the building serve.
  • these are understood to be lights, the surfaces of an outdoor area of a building, ie z. B. parking areas, green areas or roads, can illuminate.
  • Under illuminating building surfaces within the meaning of claim 1 also understood to be illuminated paintings or art objects.
  • the lamp may be formed for example as a radiator, and z. B. ceiling side in a building room or on the floor, even in an outdoor room, be arranged variable position and lockable. But it can also be designed as a downlight, for example, and illuminate floor areas or wall areas of the building room.
  • the lamp comprises a housing in which at least the light source is housed.
  • the lamp optionally also includes self-evident components, such. B. a socket for the light source, z. B. in the case of a light source designed as a LED board, and electronic controls or other electronic components.
  • the lamp may also have a power supply.
  • the lamp may be associated with an integrated or external operating device, which is arranged in a separate housing, or in the same housing.
  • the light source one or more LEDs are preferably provided.
  • other light sources such as lasers, come into consideration.
  • COB LEDs chip on board LEDs
  • COB LEDs chip on board LEDs
  • These can, for example, also provide a bundling optical system in the sense of the invention with a reflector.
  • the light source forms a unit together with the collimator optics.
  • the collimator optics serve to concentrate the light emitted by the light source, in particular by the LED.
  • the collimator optics may be a conventional collimator optics in the case of using an LED as a light source, as disclosed in the applicant's copyrights described at the outset, the contents of which are hereby included in the disclosure content of this patent application.
  • the light source together with the bundling optics, in particular the collimator optics, is also referred to as a light drive.
  • the light drive serves to project parallel, or essentially parallel, light onto the input side of a first lens plate.
  • the lens plates are both transparent or translucent, and consist for. B. of a transparent plastic, or glass.
  • the lens plates are each made of plastic, z. B. of PMMA, or acrylic glass, or a comparable plastic provided, and may be formed in particular of an injection molded part.
  • the two lens plates may be identical or substantially identical. In a variant of the invention, the two lens plates are formed differently.
  • the light emitted from the collimator optics enters the entrance surface of the first lens plate and exits through the exit side of the first lens plate. From there, it is directed to the entrance side of the second lens plate, and exits through the exit surface of the second lens plate.
  • the lamp can still have a cover glass.
  • lamps are included, in which no further optical elements are arranged in the light path behind the second lens plate.
  • the invention includes lamps in which a diffuser film or similar elements are arranged in the light path behind the second lens plate.
  • an adjusting device By means of the adjusting device, the distance between the two lens plates can be changed.
  • the adjusting device may be driven by a motor, or change the distance between the two lens plates due to a manual operation.
  • the adjustment can be for example a few millimeters.
  • the lens plates are adjustable at least between a first distance position and a second distance position. In a first distance position of the two lens plates, the luminaire generates a first light distribution, and in a second, different distance position of the two lens plates, the luminaire generates a second, different from the first distribution.
  • the two different light distributions may, for example, comprise different emission angles of the luminaire.
  • the distance between the two lens plates is continuous, and further preferably substantially continuously, changeable.
  • the distance between the two lens plates in discrete steps that is, z. B. gradually, changeable.
  • lens elements On the two lens plates in each case numerous lens elements are arranged.
  • the lens elements may, for example, be provided by spherically or aspherically curved facets.
  • a lens element on the first lens plate associated with a lens element on the second lens plate.
  • the light incident on the lens element of the first lens plate from the collimator optics is directed in this variant exclusively to an opposite lens element on the second lens plate. This unambiguous assignment of two lens elements on the different lens plates is also preserved for different distances according to a variant of the invention.
  • each or nearly every lens element on the first lens plate has a lens element fixedly secured to the second lens plate.
  • Corresponding pairs of opposing lens elements each show the same optical behavior at different distances of the lens plates from each other.
  • the fixed assignment of the lens elements of the first lens plate to the lens elements of the second lens plate is ensured by the fact that during the change in distance, the rotational position of the two lens plates is not changed relative to each other. This can be ensured by a positioning device.
  • the lens elements according to the invention can be arranged in each case on one or in each case on both sides of the lens plates.
  • the lens elements are arranged only on one side of the lens plate, they may be arranged facing each other or arranged facing away from each other.
  • lens elements of a lens plate are all identical or similar to each other. But of the invention is also encompassed when the lens plates carry different lens elements or more groups of different lens elements, wherein the lens elements of a group are identical.
  • the lens elements of a lens plate may for example have an identical radius, so that all the lens elements of a lens plate have an identical focal length.
  • the lens elements of the respective other lens plate may have the same or a different radius.
  • the focal length of the lens elements or lens plate adjacent to the collimating optics is greater than the focal length of the lens elements of the lens plate remote from the collimating optics.
  • the individual lens elements can be provided, for example, by spherical or aspherical arches, for example also by paraboloid rotors.
  • the individual lens elements can be approximately described by a spherical shape or by a radius.
  • the adjusting device comprises a motor, in particular electromotive, drive.
  • the adjusting device is equipped, for example, with an electric motor which can take care of an immediate displacement of one of the two lens plates relative to the other lens plate.
  • the drive can cooperate with a controller that can receive control commands.
  • a controller that can receive control commands.
  • an actuating device is provided which allows a user to enter directly or indirectly control commands for changing the Lichtabstrahl characterizing the lamp.
  • the drive via a central lighting control system, eg. B. from a distant or distanced from the light command center, z. B. be addressed by a lighting control center.
  • the adjusting device comprises a manually operable adjusting element.
  • a manual operation eg. Example, by a rotary switch, a knob, a rotatable adjusting ring, or another actuator or actuator, are provided for a change in distance between the two lens plates.
  • the adjusting device is associated with a positioning device, which ensures a retention of the relative rotational position between the two lens plates in carrying out a change in distance between the two lens plates.
  • the relative rotational position of a lens plate relative to the other lens plate is maintained during the change in distance.
  • This can, for example, provide a rotation prevention, the z. B. guide rods or corresponding receptacles or the like.
  • axial bearings can provide for the desired axial movement of the two lens plates relative to each other without performing a rotary motion.
  • the different light distributions comprise different Beam angle of the lamp.
  • the luminaire generates a substantially rotationally symmetrical light distribution, a first emission angle of, for example, 8 ° or 10 ° and a second emission angle of, for example, 60 ° or 90 ° being provided.
  • a first emission angle for example, 8 ° or 10 °
  • a second emission angle for example, 60 ° or 90 ° being provided.
  • any number of continuously changed emission angles corresponding to different distances between the two lens plates relative to one another can be achieved.
  • the different radiation angles can, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention z.
  • B. light distributions between Spot and Wideflood include.
  • a change in the light distribution according to the invention can be, for example, a change in the emission angle from a spot to a flood characteristic, or from a flood to a wideflood characteristic, or from a spot characteristic via a flood characteristic to a wideflood characteristic include.
  • a spot characteristic comprises, in particular, emission angles of less than 30 °
  • a flood light distribution comprises approximately emission angles between 30 and 45 °
  • a wide-flood light distribution in particular comprises emission angles between 45 and 70 °.
  • emission angle between a spot distribution of about 8 ° and a Widefloodver whatsoever corresponding to a beam angle of about 65 ° are continuously changeable.
  • the distance between the lens plates is continuously changeable. This can be ensured by a continuously operating adjustment. With a continuous change of the distance between the two lens plates, a continuous change in the emission characteristics of the luminaire, in particular a continuous change in the emission angle, can be achieved.
  • one of the two lens plates is fixedly arranged relative to the housing, and the other lens plate is displaceable by means of the adjusting device relative to the other lens plate and / or relative to the housing.
  • the lens elements comprise facets on at least one of the two lens plates.
  • the facets are curved.
  • all or almost all lens elements are formed as facets. Further advantageously, all or almost all facets are identical.
  • the facets can be spherical or aspherical. In particular, they can also be approximated to a sphere. Further, the facets may be provided by a paraboloid of revolution, for example having a parabolic or substantially parabolic cross-section.
  • a lens element can be assigned a focal length. It can advantageously be provided that each or almost each of the lens elements is assigned the same or nearly the same focal length.
  • the lens plates are displaceable between a first distance position in which they contact one another and in a second distance position in which they are spaced approximately two focal distances from one another.
  • a respective lens element of a lens plate is associated with a lens element of the other lens plate.
  • the assignment can in particular be made firmly. This means that even during a change in the distance between two lens plates, the assignment is retained.
  • it can further be advantageously provided that the light falling from the collimator optics onto a specific lens element of the first lens plate is deflected exclusively toward a specific, opposite lens element of the second lens plate. Further advantageously, this fixed assignment is invariable along the entire adjustment path.
  • the assignment is made such that light components emanating from the collimator, meet a lens element of the first lens plate, and are directed by this only to a lens element of the second lens plate.
  • the assignment of the lens elements of the first lens element is maintained to the lens elements of the second lens element with a change in the distance between the lens plates.
  • the lens elements comprise lenticular facets on at least one of the two lens plates. These are axially elongated, cylindrical facets which are curved along a first plane and along a second, transversely thereto plane, not curved, or at most slightly curved.
  • the invention relates in a further aspect to a method according to claim 15.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method by which a change in the emission characteristics of a luminaire can be reached in a comfortable manner.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features of claim 15.
  • the principle here is to provide instead of two arranged in the light path behind the bundling optic lens plates a plurality of lens elements directly to the collimator, especially on the output side or light exit side, and the second lens plate relative to the collimator optics for the purpose of changing the radiation characteristics of the luminaire means to relocate an adjustment.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of a lamp according to the invention is first based on the Fig. 1 explains: There is only very schematically illustrated a lamp 10, which has a housing 11. Within the only aborted shown and indicated housing 11, an LED 12 is arranged on a schematically indicated board 13. The LED is connected via unillustrated power supply lines (in Fig. 10 z. B. designated 14) supplied with the required operating voltage. Other electronic components that are provided for generating the operating voltage required for the LED are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the LED emits light over a large solid angle range of, for example, 180 °. This should be indicated by the light rays 55a, 55b, 55c.
  • the LED 12 is located in a cavity 57 of a collimating optical system 15 providing collimating optics Collimator optics 15 includes total reflection surfaces 58 and a ceiling portion 59. Overall, the collimator lens 15 together with the LED 12 is a light drive, which serves to generate a substantially parallel light beam 27.
  • a first lens plate 18 and a second lens plate 19 are also arranged beyond.
  • the parallel light beam 27 emitted by the LED 12 or by the exit surface 56 of the collimator optical system 15 drops as a parallel partial light beam 60 onto the light entry surface 28 of the first lens plate 18, passes through it, and exits in the area of the light exit surface 29 of the first lens plate 18. From there, the light is incident on the light entry surface 30 of the second lens plate 19 and exits through the light exit surface 31 of the second lens plate 19.
  • the second lens plate 19 may function as a kind of cover glass of the lamp 16.
  • the distance between the first lens plate 18 and the second lens plate 19 is denoted by 32 in the figures. Measured here is z. Example, the distance between the light entry surface 29 of the first lens plate 18 and the light entrance surface 30 of the second lens plate 19. Other reference points are encompassed by the invention.
  • the distance 32 between the two lens plates 18, 19 by means of an adjustment device 20 is variable.
  • the adjusting device 20 may include a motor drive 21, which in Fig. 1 is merely indicated.
  • the motor drive 21 can receive control commands from a lighting control, for example via a signal or control line, not shown.
  • the adjusting device 20 may also include a manually addressable actuator, and completely dispense with a motor drive. Reference to the still to be presented in detail embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 13 Such an actuator is presented a purely manually acting adjustment.
  • the invention is fundamentally about the fact that the two lens plates 18, 19 are displaceable relative to one another in the axial direction Y while changing their distance 32 from one another.
  • a plurality of lens elements in the form of curved facets 22a, 22b, 22c are arranged along the light entry surface 28 of the first lens plate 18.
  • the arrangement of the facets results for example from the different variants of the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3 ,
  • the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c in the form of curved facets are arranged directly adjacent to one another.
  • the invention also includes when slight distances are provided between the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c.
  • a plurality of lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c are arranged on the second lens plate 19, a plurality of lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c are arranged.
  • the two lens plates 18, 19 may be identical.
  • the individual facets 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 and the individual facets 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 can each have a spherical cross-section, and accordingly, for example, from a spherically curved body, for. B. formed a ball cut or approximated to such a body.
  • the facets can also be from a body with a different curvature, z. As an aspherical curvature, be formed.
  • the individual facets can each have a parabolic cross-section, and accordingly be formed as a paraboloid of revolution.
  • Fig. 1 Each of the facets 22a, 22b, 22c is assigned a focal length 25. This results in an incident beam 60 of parallel light, the z. B. according to Fig. 1 falls on the facet 22b, bundles in a focal point 61. Here all the individual rays of light intersect.
  • the light diverges from the focal point 61 and falls on the lens element 23b on the second lens plate 19. Since the facet 23b is identically arched to the facet 22b of the first lens plate 18, an identical focal length 26 is to be assigned to it.
  • the focal length 25 of the facet 22b of the first lens plate 18 and the focal length 26 of the facet 23b of the second lens plate 19 are thus identical.
  • Fig. 1 shows a spacing of the two lens plates 18, 19 at a distance 32, which corresponds to twice or approximately twice the focal length 25 (ie at the same time also twice the focal length 26).
  • a linear guide 62 indicates. Accordingly, the first lens plate 18 is fixedly arranged relative to the housing 11, and the second lens plate 19 relative to the first lens plate with the aid of the adjusting device 20 along the linear guide 62 in the axial direction Y displaced.
  • each lens plate 18, 19 a plurality of lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c are arranged, wherein only a part of these facets is provided with reference numerals.
  • the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c are arranged on the first and on the second lens plate 18, 19 respectively on the light entrance side 28, 30, and the light exit surface 29, 31 of the respective lens plate 18, 19 is kept flat.
  • the respective lens plates 18, 19 may also be oriented differently, so that z. B. the lens elements on the light exit side 29, 31 are arranged, and the respective light entry side 28, 30 is kept free of lens elements.
  • the orientation of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c with respect to the light source 12 does not matter according to the invention.
  • the lamp 10 may have a substantially circular light exit opening 16, and accordingly, the two lens plates 18, 19 are circular disk-shaped.
  • the invention is based on this geometry not limited.
  • the invention also includes lights that have a square or rectangular or another, z. B. polygonal curve train having light exit opening.
  • each lamp has three collimator optics 15a, 15b, 15c.
  • the number of collimator optics 15, 15a, 15b, 15c is arbitrary. It also depends in particular on the number and design of the LEDs.
  • each collimator optics 15 (and thus also each LED 12) is associated with a multiplicity of individual lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c.
  • the illustration of the Fig. 2 in that the collimator optics 15c are associated with more than twenty individual facets 22a, 22b, 22c.
  • each collimator optics 15 or each LED 12 is assigned a plurality of lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, the structure of the light source 12 can be resolved, and is no longer recognizable to an observer in the room. Similarly, the structures of the LED or the collimator optics in the light distribution on the building wall 17 are no longer recognizable. The light distribution on the building wall is homogeneous.
  • the first lens plate 18 and the second lens plate 19 are each formed identically.
  • the first lens plate 18 is provided with a plurality of faceted lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c and the second lens plate 19 with a plurality of further faceted lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c
  • the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first Lens plate 18 and the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 are formed to be identical to each other and positioned identically to each other.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 can with the aid of the adjusting device 20 in one embodiment of the invention, a change in the distance 32 between a first distance according to Fig. 6 , which corresponds to a minimum distance, and wherein there is almost a contact between the entrance side 30 of the second lens plate 19 and the exit side 29 of the first lens plate 18, or may come, and a second, maximum distance 32 according to Fig. 4 , wherein the two lens plates 18, 19 are spaced approximately twice the focal length 25, 26, are displaced.
  • the displacement can be adjusted by the adjustment z. B. continuously, in particular continuously, take place.
  • the emission angle 37 is minimal. It is evidenced by the schematic representation of Fig. 4 0 °, because it is parallel light. Indeed, in view of the big, in Fig. 1 Of course, not shown to scale, actual distance of the building surface 17 of the lamp 10 of the beam angle 37, for example, be about 12 to 16 °. This emission angle already corresponds to the emission angle of the light emitted by the collimator optical system 15.
  • the two lens plates 18, 19 are moved toward each other while reducing the distance 32, and for example an intermediate position according to FIG Fig. 5 achieved with a distance 32, the second lens plate 19 can no longer maximally focus the light received by the first lens plate 18.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates that the lens element 23b, the light beam received by the lens element 22b can collimate only to a lesser extent, and a second radiation angle 38 is provided accordingly. This second emission angle 38 is greater than the first emission angle 37.
  • Fig. 7 shows the light distribution, which comes close to a spot distribution
  • the light cone is the evidence Fig. 8 - According to the distance position of the lens plates 18, 19 according to Fig. 5 - already expanded.
  • Both the height 52b and the width 51b of the light distribution according to Fig. 8 are opposite to the height 52a and the width 51a of the light distribution according to FIG Fig. 7 considerably larger.
  • the two lens plates 18, 19 are starting from a distance position according to Fig. 5 the two lens plates 18, 19 further moved toward each other, and a contact or almost a contact position according to Fig. 6 achieved by the second lens plate 19 no or close no bundling of the received light from the first lens plate 18 more.
  • the emission angle 39 is considerably larger than the emission angle 38 in the distance position according to Fig. 5 ,
  • the light distribution on the wall 17 according to Fig. 9 thus has an even greater height 52c and width 51c compared to the light distribution curve of FIG Fig. 8 ,
  • the first lens plate 18 to the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 can insofar a change in the emission characteristics of the lamp 10, in particular a change in the emission angle 37, 38, 39 can be achieved.
  • FIGS. 10 to 13 an embodiment of the invention is explained with an adjusting device 20 which has a manual actuator.
  • the luminaire 10 has a first lens plate 18 which, for the sake of simplicity, is shown without lens elements.
  • the lens plate 18 is fixedly arranged relative to the housing 11.
  • the lens plate 19 is adjustable relative to the housing 11 and relative to the first lens plate 18 and in the axial direction along the arrow Y.
  • the lens plate 19 also has lens elements however, they are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the second lens plate 19 is fixedly attached to a ring holder 40.
  • the ring holder 40 comprises an annular body which encloses the second lens plate 19.
  • On the ring body are three sliding blocks 41a, 41b, 41c (see. Fig. 10 . Fig. 11 ) arranged circumferentially offset by approximately 120 ° and project radially outward beyond the edge of the ring holder 40 also.
  • the ring holder 40 further comprises three positioning means 42a, 42b, 42c, each comprising a positioning web 43a, 43b, 43c. Associated with each positioning web 43a, 43b, 43c on the ring holder 40 is a positioning receptacle 44a, 44b, 44c on the housing 11.
  • Fig. 10 shows two positioning webs 43a and 43b and the associated Positionierfactn 44a, 44b.
  • the positioning devices 42a, 42b, 42c ensure a rotational lock between the lamp housing 11 and the ring holder 40.
  • the ring holder 40 is indeed arranged in the direction of the double arrow Y, ie in the axial direction, axially displaceable to the lamp housing 11, but about the central longitudinal axis 65 of the lamp 10th not rotatable to the lamp housing 11th
  • the adjusting device 20 has an adjusting ring 47.
  • the adjusting ring 47 is so far around the longitudinal center axis 65 of the lamp 10 rotatable, but is in Axial direction Y prevented by the collar 45 at a relative axial movement relative to the lamp housing 11.
  • the three slide slots 48a, 48b, 48c are arranged, which serve to receive the sliding blocks 41a, 41b, 41c.
  • the three slide slots 48a, 48b, 48c are, as for example Fig. 11 can be seen, each arranged at 120 ° circumferentially offset, and may for example extend along an angular range of about 75 °.
  • the adjusting ring 47 is actuated, that is, rotated relative to the housing 11, thereby the second lens plate 19 from its in solid lines in Fig. 10 shown lower position in their in Fig. 10 displaced in dashed lines shown upper position, that is axially displaced.
  • the rotational peripheral position of the second lens plate 19 relative to the first lens plate 18 is maintained during the displacement change, even during the adjustment operation. This ensures that the fixed association of a particular lens element 22a, 22b, 22c, on the first lens plate 18 to a particular lens element 23a, 23b, 23c on the second lens plate 19 for different distances 32 is maintained.
  • a further embodiment of the luminaire according to the invention is based on FIGS. 14 to 19 described.
  • the lens plate 19 has lenticular lenses each. These are cylindrical lenses along a first cutting plane (see. Fig. 15 ) have spherical or aspherical curvatures, and which are not curved along a second cutting plane perpendicular to the first cutting plane.
  • the lenticular lenses 49a, 49b, 49c are cylindrical in this respect, and are aligned parallel to each other.
  • two identically formed lens plates 18, 19 are positioned relative to each other, so that the two lenticular lens elements 49a, 49b, 49b of the first lens plate 18 and 49a, 49b, 49c of the second lens plate 19 are aligned parallel to each other.
  • a particular lens element (eg, the lens element 49b) of the first lens plate 18 is assigned a particular lens element (eg, lens element 49e) on the second lens plate 19, and this mapping is again maintained at different distances 32 remains.
  • this lamp is in accordance with FIGS. 24 and 25 also generates at different distances of the two lens plates 18, 19 each have an oval light distribution.
  • an oval light distribution or illumination intensity distribution on the wall 17 is understood in the usual expert sense, a light distribution, one of a Circular shape of a light distribution, such as according to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 shown, deviating contour 53 has.
  • Fig. 17 an oval light distribution 50a with a corresponding oval contour 53a, and a light distribution - in simplified terms - having a width 51a of the light distribution and a height 52a of the light distribution.
  • the light distribution is therefore oval, or approximately elliptical.
  • the exact contour 53a of the light distribution 50a depends on the radii of curvature used.
  • Fig. 19 shows the light distribution 53a on the building surface 17 to be illuminated, the distance position of the two lens plates 18, 19 according to Fig. 18 equivalent. It can be seen that the width 51b of this light distribution 53c is considerably greater than the width 51a of the light distribution 53a of FIG Fig. 17 , This effect results from the fact that the lens elements (listed by way of example) 49d, 49e, 49f respectively no longer receive the partial light bundle received from the lens elements 49a, 49b, 49c of the first lens plate 18 as well or as completely as in the spacing position in FIG Fig. 16 shown, can collimate.
  • the lens elements listed by way of example
  • the radiation angle 39c is as in FIG Fig. 18 indicated significantly larger than the beam angle 37 of the Fig. 16 .
  • the emission angle 37 in accordance with Fig. 16 according to the schematic representation actually there is 0 °, because here a parallel light beam is shown.
  • a maximum narrow light distribution of, for example, 8 ° in the case of a distance position according to FIG Fig. 16 is reached.
  • the light distribution 53c is changed in its width 51b by the change in the distance 32 between the lens plates 18, 19, and thus the emission angle 37, 39 in the sectional plane of FIG Figures 16 and 18 is enlarged.
  • FIG. 20 shows in a representation according to Fig. 2 a further embodiment of a lens plate 18, which now has so-called Lentikullarfacetten 54a, 54b, 54c. These are facets that may, for example, have a more complex curvature.
  • FIGS. 20 to 23 It will be understood that facets 54a, 54b, 54c may be arranged along a predetermined pattern. It can be provided in particular that the arrangement of these facets 54a, 54b, 54c according to the illustration of Fig. 20 along a grid that has rows and columns. The number of columns can be dimensioned such that they correspond to the number of lenticullar lenses of a lens plate 18 Fig. 14 equivalent.
  • Each column of this facet arrangement can be subdivided into a plurality of individual facets.
  • These lenticular facets may have a particularly domed surface with two different radii of curvature.
  • FIG. 21 is a single Lentikullarfacette 54 from the lens plate 18 according to Fig. 20 viewed in enlarged detail.
  • the two sectional views of the FIGS. 22 and 23 make it clear that different radii of curvature can be provided along different, mutually perpendicular sectional planes. It is assumed for the sake of simplicity that all facets 54a, 54b, 54c of the lens plate 18 are identical.
  • FIGS. 24 and 25 now show a lamp according to the invention, in each case the first lens plate 18 a lens plate 18 according to Fig. 20 and the second lens plate 19 of a lenticullar lens plate according to FIG Fig. 14 provided.
  • Fig. 24 a distance position is indicated in which the distance 32 corresponds approximately to twice the focal length 25. Here is a maximum concentration of light instead. Due to the selected bulges of the individual lens elements 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f, in turn, an oval light distribution 50c is generated on the building surface to be illuminated. This has an oval light contour 53a, with an assumed light distribution width 51a and an assumed light distribution height 52a.
  • Height 52a and width 51a may, but not necessarily, the light distribution 50a according to Fig. 17 correspond.
  • the light distributions 50c and 50d have a constant width 51a, 51b. This width is given by the radiation angle, the corresponding other curvature (ie the in Fig. 25 Curvature not shown) corresponds to the corresponding Lentikullarfacetten 54.
  • FIGS. 22 and 23 yes show both curvatures along different cutting planes, where it was assumed that Fig. 25 only the cutting plane according to the Fig. 23 shows.
  • the plurality of facets 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c, 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d, 49e, 49f, 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e , 54f identically formed.
  • the invention also includes, however, if different facets, for example different types of facets, are arranged on a lens plate 18, 19.
  • the invention also encompasses a displacement movement by means of the adjusting device 20 instead of such a change in distance between the lens plates 18, 19 in such a way that, in addition to an axially directed, parallel displacement movement or alternatively to such movement, a change in distance between the lens plates 18, 19 takes place relative to one another in that one of the two lens plates 18, 19 is tilted or inclined relative to the respective other lens plate 19, 18, or is subjected to another, possibly more complicated movement.
  • the invention also encompasses exemplary embodiments in which this assignment is canceled in the course of a change in distance, and different lens elements of the first lens plate are assigned to different lens elements of the second lens plate, for example, in discrete, different distance positions.
  • the invention comprises at least two lens plates 18, 19 which can be changed in relation to each other at a distance from one another.
  • the invention also encompasses luminaires in which one or more additional lens plates are provided.
  • the method for changing the radiation characteristic of a luminaire can be carried out as follows: Suppose a work of art of a particular format is illuminated in a museum by means of a luminaire according to the invention during the duration of a temporary exhibition. Upon completion of this exhibition, a new artwork with a different format will be illuminated by the same luminaire on the same or another building surface. To the light distribution of the lamp to adapt to this format change of the artwork, a change in distance of the two lens plates 18, 19 to each other by the adjusting device 20 by an operator in the desired manner can be made.
  • the change in the light distribution or radiation characteristics of the lamp is feasible without that certain elements of the lamp must be replaced or replaced, or even the light head of the lamp should be replaced or replaced.
  • an axial displacement of the second lens plate 19 relative to the first plate 18 by means of a Verstellwegs which is approximately twice the focal length 25 of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18.
  • the invention also encompasses embodiments in which the displacement provided by the adjusting device 20 for the change in the distance 32 between the lens plates 18, 19 is, in contrast, slightly or significantly greater or less or significantly smaller.
  • the travel path to be provided on the adjusting device 20 may be based on the focal length or the double focal length 25 of one of the facets 22a, 22b, 22c.
  • the travel path to be provided by the adjusting device 20 is dimensioned such that a change in distance between the lens plates 18, 19 is provided between a first optimized distance, in which a minimum radiation angle, ie light directed almost in parallel, is generated, and a second one Distance position, which generates a maximum radiation angle, given by the curvature of the lens elements.
  • These two different spacing positions between the lens elements 18, 19, which respectively provide a maximum beam angle and a minimum beam angle, may also be predetermined or predetermined by stops provided by the actuator 20, and correspondingly a displacement movement of the second lens plate 19 relative to the first one Limit lens plate 18.
  • the travel also be set rest positions, ie positions in which the distance position between the two lens plates 18, 19 are detected by an operator or by an electronic or mechanical sensor or a control unit, or can be determined. As a result, it can be ruled out, for example, that certain intermediate positions between predetermined locking positions are not achieved.
  • conventional LEDs 12, 12a, 12b, 12c, and conventional collimator optics 15, 15a, 15b, 15c may be used.
  • lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c find application, which are aspherical, but can be approximately described by a sphere, wherein the sphere z. B. may have a curvature diameter between 1 and 50 mm.
  • adjustment paths along which a change in distance between the two lens plates 18, 19 can be made for example, adjustment paths between 2 and 40 mm are provided, preferably adjustment paths in the order of about 4 to 6 mm.
  • the collimator optics 15 has a cavity 57, total reflection surfaces 58 and a ceiling region 59, ie central to the collimator optics 15, a conventional lens. Also, other suitable collimator optics that focus the light emitted from the corresponding light source are included in the invention.
  • According to the invention can be used to provide a lamp 10 according to the invention on conventional lens plates 18, 19, the applicant for some time z. B. as tertiary optics in lighting application.
  • a second additional lens plate on a lamp which already has a lens plate to retrofit the luminaire as part of a retrofit kit, and equip it with an adjusting device 20 for changing the light characteristic.
  • Fig. 28 will be briefly referred to another embodiment, in its illustration according to Fig. 28 the representation of Fig. 1 equivalent.
  • a bundling optics 66 is provided, the bundling optics 66 of Fig. 1 replaced.
  • a reflector 68 which cooperates with an arrangement of a chip on board LED 67 which is disposed within the reflector 68, or a reflector 68 is associated.
  • the reflector 68 also emits, together with the chip on board LED 67, a light beam 27 of parallel or approximately parallel light.
  • the arrangement of the two lens plates 18, 19 can in the embodiment of the Fig. 28 be taken equally as in the embodiment of Fig. 1 ,
  • the light distribution of the lamp 10 corresponds to the different light distributions at different distances 32, resulting from the FIGS. 4 to 9 result.
  • a further embodiment of a luminaire 10 according to the invention Fig. 29 provides a bundling optics 66, which has a collimator optics 15d with lens elements 70a, 70b, 70c arranged directly thereon.
  • the lens elements 70a, 70b, 70c are thus arranged on the light exit side 56 of the collimator optics 15d, which, unlike the embodiment of FIG Fig. 1 - Is not held smooth, but the plurality of lens elements 70a, 70b, 70c has.
  • the Fig. 29 be taken that the light emission of this lamp that of the embodiment of Fig. 1 equivalent.
  • the second lens plate 19b of the embodiment of Fig. 29 corresponds to the second lens plate 19 of the embodiment of Fig. 1 ,
  • the orientation of the second lens plate 19b could be in the embodiment of the Fig. 29 also be met the other way around.
  • the lens plate 19b may also cover a plurality of corresponding collimator optics 15d.
  • Fig. 30 be another lens plate 18 presented.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 30 corresponds to the representation of the Fig. 2 .
  • annular, concentrically arranged lenticular lens elements 69a, 69b, 69c are provided.
  • two lens plates 18, 19 are used, as in Fig. 30 are shown.
  • one or more of the lens plates 18, 19, 19b differently, as shown in the different embodiments of the patent application, curved or curved formed.
  • the lens plates 18, 19 may be aligned along a plane.
  • the lens elements may also be arranged facing away from one another such that the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 face the collimator optics 15 and the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23b of the second lens plate 19 are arranged on the side of the second lens plate 19 the collimator optics 15 is turned away.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 32 finally takes up the basic structure of the embodiment of Fig. 31 on:
  • the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 are provided with a first radius, so that the corresponding one Lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, a first focal length 25 can be assigned.
  • each lens element 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 has a smaller radius, so that each lens element 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 can be assigned a focal length 26 which is smaller than the focal length 25.
  • the feature group according to which the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 all, or in the majority, or at least in the middle, a larger radius and / or a greater focal length than the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19, can be used advantageously according to the invention in all embodiments.
  • the differences in the focal lengths or the differences in average or average focal lengths between the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 and the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 may be several millimeters.
  • the focal length of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 may be between 3 mm and 10 mm
  • the focal length 26 of the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19 may be between 0.5 mm and 2.9 mm ,
  • the lens element 23e may not necessarily be formed by a sphere but also by a paraboloid of revolution.
  • the cap portion 72 of each rotational parabolic lens element 23e may be approximately described by a circular shape 73. This circular shape 73 can be assigned a radius R.
  • this cap portion 22 entering light rays are focused in the cap area - for example - on a common focal point 61 out.
  • the focal length 25 of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 may also be an averaged focal length 25.
  • the average focal length 25 of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 is greater than the average focal length 26 of the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate 19.
  • the average focal length 25 of the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c of the first lens plate 18 is smaller than the average focal length 26 of the lens elements 23a, 23b, 23c of the second lens plate19.
  • Fig. 34 shows finally - in accordance with and in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 32 - Another embodiment in which all the lens elements 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c are arranged on the two lens plates 18, 19 respectively on the side of that lens plate 18, 19, which faces away from the collimator lens 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Securing Globes, Refractors, Reflectors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
EP18175680.0A 2017-08-02 2018-06-04 Luminaire Pending EP3438524A1 (fr)

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DE102017117574 2017-08-02
DE102017122956.6A DE102017122956A1 (de) 2017-08-02 2017-10-04 Leuchte

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US11536436B2 (en) 2022-12-27
US20190041028A1 (en) 2019-02-07

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