EP3436686A1 - Dispositif d'allumage pour enflammer un mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif d'allumage pour enflammer un mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion

Info

Publication number
EP3436686A1
EP3436686A1 EP17715623.9A EP17715623A EP3436686A1 EP 3436686 A1 EP3436686 A1 EP 3436686A1 EP 17715623 A EP17715623 A EP 17715623A EP 3436686 A1 EP3436686 A1 EP 3436686A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
voltage source
frequency
output
high voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17715623.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3436686B1 (fr
Inventor
Gunnar Armbrecht
Martin Fuchs
Michael Wollitzer
Marcel VAN DELDEN
Thomas Musch
Sven GRÖGER
Andre Bergner
Gordon NOTZON
Peter Awakowicz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3436686A1 publication Critical patent/EP3436686A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3436686B1 publication Critical patent/EP3436686B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P11/00—Safety means for electric spark ignition, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/10—Drives of distributors or of circuit-makers or -breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy

Definitions

  • Ignition device for igniting an air-fuel mixture
  • the invention relates to an ignition device for igniting an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber, in particular an internal combustion engine, with a spark plug having a first electrode and a second electrode, with a high voltage source or high DC voltage source for generating a high voltage electrical pulse or high DC voltage pulse at an output the high voltage source and having a high frequency voltage source for generating a high frequency electrical AC voltage at an output of the high frequency power source, wherein the output of the high voltage source is electrically connected to the first electrode of the spark plug via a first electrical conduction path such that the high voltage pulse at the first electrode According to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • So-called gasoline combustion process with direct injection of the fuel have the possibility of a Schichtla
  • the non-homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber places increased demands on the fuel used Ignition method for reliable ignition at the appropriate time. Fluctuations of any kind reduce, for example, the quality of the ignition and thus the efficiency of the entire engine.
  • the position of the ignitable mixture can vary slightly and, on the other hand, the hook of the ground electrode of the spark plug can have a disruptive effect on the mixture formation.
  • Helpful for a direct injection combustion process is an ignition system with a greater spatial extent into the combustion chamber.
  • a corresponding high frequency plasma ignition device comprises a series resonant circuit with an inductance and a capacitance and a high frequency source for the resonant excitation of this series resonant circuit.
  • the capacitance is represented by inner and outer conductor electrodes with intervening dielectric. These electrodes extend with their outermost ends at a predetermined mutual distance into the combustion chamber.
  • a method for ignition in which by means of a high voltage pulse a spark plasma is generated, which is then heated further by means of an RF field and thereby merges into a glow discharge.
  • the high-voltage pulse and an output signal of an HF generator are supplied together to a spark electrode of a spark plug.
  • a counter electrode of the spark plug is grounded.
  • the spark plug is a coaxial structure and consists essentially of a central electrode surrounded by an insulator and an outer electrode connected to the spark plug housing.
  • the ignition coil provides the spark plug with a high voltage pulse. Between the electrodes a spark is created which initiates combustion.
  • An alternative method, in which a high-frequency voltage is applied to the spark plug in addition to the applied high voltage of the ignition coil, is described in DE 10 2013 215 663 A1 A 1. In this case, the spark plasma changes into an HF plasma.
  • the spark plasma burns between two electrodes, an active "driven” electrode (also called high voltage electrode) and a passive electrode (also called ground electrode) whose potential on the ground (0 V) of the engine block and the entire body of a Automobile lies.
  • the ground electrode can also be designed as a multiple electrode.
  • the invention has for its object to improve an ignition device of the above type with respect to the influencing possibilities on the parameters of the plasma between the electrodes of the spark plug.
  • a particularly simple and functionally reliable ignition device is achieved in that the high-voltage source is designed as an ignition coil.
  • a protection of the high frequency voltage source against overvoltage is achieved in that in the second conduction path between the second electrode of the spark plug and the output of the high frequency voltage source, a protective circuit is electrically connected, which blocks a breakdown of the high voltage pulse from the high voltage source to the output of the high frequency power source.
  • a frequency-selective transmission, for example of only one desired frequency band, from the high-frequency voltage source to the second electrode of the spark plug is achieved in that in the second electrical conduction path between the second electrode of the spark plug and the output of the high-frequency voltage source, a separating element in the form of a frequency-selective filter, in particular in the form of a bandpass filter, is electrically connected.
  • Protection of the separating element from overvoltage is also achieved in that the separating element between the protective circuit and the output of the high-frequency voltage source is looped into the second electrical conduction path.
  • the separating element between the protective circuit and the second electrode is looped into the second electrical conduction path.
  • An improved transmission of the high voltage from the high voltage source to the spark plug is achieved in that in the first electrical conduction path between the output of the high voltage source and the first electrode of the spark plug, a protection circuit is electrically connected, which represents a ground reference for the HF.
  • a clear separation of the two active electrodes is achieved in that only the high-voltage pulse is applied to the first electrode and that only the high-frequency AC voltage is applied to the second electrode.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention and Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an alternative preferred embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention.
  • an ignition device 10 comprises a spark plug 12, a Hochwoodsquelie or high DC voltage source 14 and a high frequency power source 16.
  • the spark plug 12 has a first electrode 18 (high voltage electrode) and a second electrode 20 (high frequency electrode).
  • the electrodes 18, 20 protrude into a combustion chamber, not shown, for example in a Häzyiinder an internal combustion engine in which a fuel-air mixture to be ignited.
  • the high voltage source 14 is designed as an ignition coil and generates a high voltage pulse or high DC voltage pulse (DC), which is applied to an output 22 of the high voltage source 14.
  • the term "electrical high DC voltage pulse” refers here to a high voltage electrical DC pulse of a few kV, such as 3 kV to 30 kV or 8 kV to 12 kV.
  • the output 22 of the high voltage source 14 is electrically connected to the first electrode 18 via a first electrical conduction path 24 such that the high voltage pulse from the high voltage source 14 is applied to the first electrode 18 of the spark plug 12 becomes.
  • the electric high voltage pulse is applied only to the first electrode (18).
  • the high-frequency voltage source 16 generates a high-frequency AC voltage which is applied to an output 28 of the high-frequency voltage source 16.
  • the output 26 of the high-frequency voltage source 16 is electrically connected via a second electrical conduction path 28 to the second electrode 20 of the spark plug 12 such that the high-frequency AC voltage from the high-frequency voltage source 16 of the second electrode 20 of the spark plug 12 is supplied.
  • the high frequency voltage source 16 is further electrically connected to an electrical ground potential 40.
  • the high-frequency AC voltage is applied only to the second electrode (20).
  • a protection circuit 30 is electrically connected in the second electrical conduction path 28 in the second electrical conduction path 28, a protection circuit 30 is electrically connected.
  • This Schutzschaitung 30 is designed such that on the one hand prevents the high voltage pulse from the high voltage source 14 from strike through the second electrical conduction path 28 to the output 26 of the high frequency power source 16 and on the other hand, the high frequency alternating voltage from the high frequency power source 16 in the direction of the second electrode 20 of Spark plug 12 forwards. In this way, the high frequency power source 16 is protected from overvoltage.
  • a separating element 32 is electrically connected between the protection circuit 30 and the output 26 of the high-frequency voltage source 16.
  • This separator 32 is designed as a frequency-selective filter, for example as a band-pass filter with a constant or variable capacitance 34 and a constant or variable inductance 36.
  • This bandpass filter passes only a predetermined frequency band from the high frequency power source 16 via the second electrical conduction path 28 toward the second electrode 20.
  • the ignition device according to the invention is designed as a high-frequency plasma ignition system and includes two active electrodes in the spark plug 12, the high voltage electrode as the first electrode 18 and the high frequency electrode as the second electrode 20. A ground electrode, as in conventional ignition systems is not present.
  • the ignition coil 14 generates a high voltage pulse or high DC voltage pulse (DC) which, upon reaching a breakdown voltage between the high voltage electrode 18 and the high frequency electrode 20 of the spark plug 12 an initial plasma in space around the two electrodes 18, 20 burn (arrow 42).
  • This plasma is further energized (arrow 44) by subsequent supply of the high frequency AC voltage from the RF power source 16 and thereby maintained for a time such that the plasma is present for longer than the high voltage pulse from the high voltage source 14 of FIG Case would be.
  • a plasma includes, among others, electrons, ions, excited particles, and neutral particles.
  • the free charge carriers (electrons and ions) form a conductive plasma channel between the high-voltage electrode 18 and the high-frequency electrode 20 of the spark plug 12.
  • the free charge carriers formed by the plasma are used for the current transport of the high-frequency plasma between the high-frequency electrode 20 and the high-voltage electrode 18.
  • the significantly increased amount of atomic oxygen ensures a more effective combustion and allows, among other things, the safe ignition of lean fuel-air mixtures in the combustion chamber or an increased engine power with constant fuel consumption.
  • the protective circuit 30 is provided between the high-frequency electrode 20 and the high-frequency voltage source 16.
  • a big advantage of this ignition system is that the plasma burns directly between the two active electrodes 18, 20.
  • a secure takeover of the High frequency power source to continue to actively inject energy into the plasma after the initial spark by the high voltage pulse from the high voltage source 14 is given because the initial spark in each case generates free charge carriers between the electrodes.
  • the protection circuit 30 includes, for example, a gas-filled surge absorber which acts insulating as long as the voltage remains below a predetermined value of, for example, about 450V.
  • the gas-filled surge arrester does not disturb because of its low capacity of only about 2 pF. If the ignition voltage of the gas-filled Matternapsabieiters exceeded, the resistance falls within microseconds to very low values, with current peaks of, for example, up to 100 kA can be derived. Due to the separation of high voltage and high frequency potential requirements for the dielectric strength of the separator 32 are drastically reduced. At the same time the load of the high voltage source 14 in the form of the ignition coil is significantly reduced by this step and the generation of the high voltage significantly simplified.
  • the generation of sufficiently high voltage pulses for safe ignition is an ever-increasing challenge. Furthermore, there are more degrees of freedom in the choice of the reactive components of the separating element, since the lowest possible capacitive load on the ignition coil no longer needs to be paid attention.
  • the capacitances of the separating element can be increased in contrast to previous circuit concepts and the inductances can be reduced, which simplifies the realization of the separating element.
  • Fig. 2 functionally identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1, so that reference is made to their explanation in the above description of FIG.
  • the protective circuit 30 is looped between the isolating element 32 and the output 26 of the high-frequency voltage source 16 into the second electrical conduction path 28.
  • the protection circuit 30 and / or the separation element 32 additionally has an electrical connection to the ground potential 40, as shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a protective circuit 31 is electrically connected to the ground potential 40 with electrical connection.
  • This protective circuit 31 is indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2 correspondingly with dashed lines.
  • the protection circuit should represent a ground reference for the RF and not block the high voltage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'allumage pour enflammer un mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion, en particulier d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une bougie d'allumage qui présente une première électrode et une deuxième électrode, une source haute tension pour générer une impulsion électrique haute tension à une sortie de la source haute tension et une source de tension haute fréquence pour générer une tension électrique alternative haute fréquence à une sortie de la source de tension haute fréquence, la sortie de la source haute tension étant reliée électriquement à la première électrode de la bougie d'allumage par un premier chemin de conduction électrique de telle sorte que l'impulsion haute tension soit appliquée à la première électrode. Selon l'invention, la sortie de la source de tension haute fréquence est reliée électriquement à la deuxième électrode par un deuxième chemin de conduction électrique de telle sorte que la tension alternative haute fréquence soit appliquée à la deuxième électrode.
EP17715623.9A 2016-03-29 2017-03-23 Dispositif d'allumage de mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion Active EP3436686B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016003793.8A DE102016003793A1 (de) 2016-03-29 2016-03-29 Zündvorrichtung zum Zünden eines Luft-Kraftstoffgemisches in einem Brennraum
PCT/EP2017/000363 WO2017167438A1 (fr) 2016-03-29 2017-03-23 Dispositif d'allumage pour enflammer un mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3436686A1 true EP3436686A1 (fr) 2019-02-06
EP3436686B1 EP3436686B1 (fr) 2020-07-29

Family

ID=58489281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17715623.9A Active EP3436686B1 (fr) 2016-03-29 2017-03-23 Dispositif d'allumage de mélange air-carburant dans une chambre de combustion

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US10982641B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3436686B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2019511670A (fr)
KR (1) KR20180124908A (fr)
CN (1) CN109312707B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016003793A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW201734304A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017167438A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110500222A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-26 韦伟平 一种稀薄燃烧发动机的高频谐振点火电路及其工作、控制方法
CN114109692B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-09-27 山东大学 一种快脉冲多点放电系统及发动机燃烧控制方法

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US1335797A (en) * 1920-04-06 of toledo
JPS5328568B1 (fr) * 1971-03-06 1978-08-15
JPS5152653Y2 (fr) * 1971-09-02 1976-12-16
US3934566A (en) * 1974-08-12 1976-01-27 Ward Michael A V Combustion in an internal combustion engine
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US4369756A (en) * 1980-01-11 1983-01-25 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Plasma jet ignition system for internal combustion engine
DE3145169A1 (de) * 1981-11-13 1983-05-26 Marcel 68390 Sausheim-Battenheim Blanchard "anordnung zur erzielung von hochspannung"
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DE19723784C1 (de) * 1997-06-06 1998-08-20 Daimler Benz Ag Schaltungsanordnung für die Zündung einer Brennkraftmaschine
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JP2008082286A (ja) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-10 Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc 内燃機関及びその点火装置
DE102008051185A1 (de) 2008-02-14 2009-11-12 Stanislav Tkadlec Verfahren-Zündung durch Erzeugung des Entladungsplasma mit Hilfe HF-Feldes und Gleichspannungsimpulses
JP5152653B2 (ja) * 2008-05-20 2013-02-27 株式会社エーイーティー 火花放電点火方式とマイクロ波プラズマ点火方式を併用する点火装置
JP5413186B2 (ja) * 2009-12-25 2014-02-12 株式会社デンソー 高周波プラズマ点火装置
KR101441834B1 (ko) * 2010-09-07 2014-09-18 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 점화 시스템 및 점화 플러그
JP6082877B2 (ja) * 2011-01-18 2017-02-22 イマジニアリング株式会社 プラズマ生成装置、及び内燃機関
JPWO2012124671A1 (ja) * 2011-03-14 2014-07-24 イマジニアリング株式会社 内燃機関
JP5954812B2 (ja) * 2011-10-31 2016-07-20 ダイハツ工業株式会社 火花点火式内燃機関の制御装置
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JP5805125B2 (ja) 2013-03-18 2015-11-04 三菱電機株式会社 点火装置
WO2014196469A1 (fr) 2013-06-04 2014-12-11 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20200011283A1 (en) 2020-01-09
US10982641B2 (en) 2021-04-20
WO2017167438A1 (fr) 2017-10-05
DE102016003793A1 (de) 2017-10-05
JP2019511670A (ja) 2019-04-25
EP3436686B1 (fr) 2020-07-29
KR20180124908A (ko) 2018-11-21
CN109312707A (zh) 2019-02-05
CN109312707B (zh) 2019-11-26
TW201734304A (zh) 2017-10-01

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