EP3414561A1 - Dispositif à denture et procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un dispositif à denture - Google Patents

Dispositif à denture et procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un dispositif à denture

Info

Publication number
EP3414561A1
EP3414561A1 EP17708437.3A EP17708437A EP3414561A1 EP 3414561 A1 EP3414561 A1 EP 3414561A1 EP 17708437 A EP17708437 A EP 17708437A EP 3414561 A1 EP3414561 A1 EP 3414561A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiver
gear
transmitter
toothing
acoustic waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17708437.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph BRÜCKNER
Wolfgang Diller
Sebastian Stich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bestsens AG
Original Assignee
Bestsens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bestsens AG filed Critical Bestsens AG
Publication of EP3414561A1 publication Critical patent/EP3414561A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021Gearings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/041Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/14Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24Probes
    • G01N29/2462Probes with waveguides, e.g. SAW devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24Probes
    • G01N29/2475Embedded probes, i.e. probes incorporated in objects to be inspected
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4454Signal recognition, e.g. specific values or portions, signal events, signatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/015Attenuation, scattering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/025Change of phase or condition
    • G01N2291/0258Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/042Wave modes
    • G01N2291/0423Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/102Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/269Various geometry objects
    • G01N2291/2696Wheels, Gears, Bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gear arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for determining characteristics of a gear arrangement according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • Gear arrangements are used in various fields of technology, for example as a component of gearboxes.
  • a toothing arrangement comprises at least one first element, which cooperates via a toothing with at least one further element (in particular form-fitting manner).
  • the second element also has, for example, a toothing or another structure (such as the thread-like structure of a worm gear cooperating with a worm), in which engages the toothing of the first element.
  • a difficulty with the use of gears (gear arrangements) is that the condition of components of the gear arrangement during the operation of the gear arrangement is difficult to check.
  • the problem underlying the invention is to determine properties of components of a toothing during operation.
  • Gear arrangement can be determined.
  • the invention can be used with in principle with any components of a gearing arrangement.
  • the first element of the toothing arrangement is designed as a toothed wheel, which interacts with a second element in the form of a further toothed wheel or a toothed rack.
  • the first element is a ring gear of a planetary gear, i. an element with a toothing formed along an inner circumference.
  • the toothing arrangement according to the invention can also have at least one transmitter for exciting acoustic waves in the first and / or second element, wherein the receiver detects in particular the acoustic waves generated by the transmitter.
  • the transmitter is designed to excite surface acoustic waves in the first and / or second element.
  • the transmitter is designed so that it can excite surface acoustic waves in the form of Lamb waves or Lamb-Rayleigh waves in the first and / or second element which propagate from the transmitter to the receiver.
  • surface acoustic waves are generated in a region of the first and / or second element which has a relatively small thickness (which, in particular, is smaller than the wavelength of the excited surface acoustic waves).
  • the frequency of the surface waves is selected depending on the thickness of the first and second elements; For example, frequencies in the range between 500 kHz and 2 MHz or in the range between 800 kHz and 1 .5 MHz are used.
  • a lubricant of the toothed arrangement which is in particular between the first and the second element.
  • a portion of the surface acoustic waves generated in the first or second element will decouple into the lubricant, particularly if the speed of sound in the lubricant is less than the speed of the surface acoustic waves (which is the case for conventional lubricants such as oil).
  • the decoupling of a portion of the surface acoustic waves leads to a change in the receiver signal, the change depending on the nature of the lubricant.
  • the amplitude of the receiver signal will vary depending on the amount of lubricant, so that (after a corresponding calibration), for example, by evaluating the signal amplitude information about the amount of lubricant (eg the thickness of a present between the first and the second element lubricant film) can be derived.
  • the evaluation of the receiver signals takes place in particular via an evaluation unit, which is e.g. is realized by a suitably programmed programmable device. It is conceivable that the evaluation unit is arranged at a distance to the receiver, the receiver signals being e.g. be transmitted by radio to the evaluation unit.
  • both the receiver and the transmitter is arranged on the first element.
  • the receiver and the transmitter are arranged on the second element.
  • the first element is a ring gear (in particular a planetary gear, for example with an internal gear), wherein the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on an outer side of the ring gear.
  • the first element is a bevel gear, a crown gear, a hybrid gear or an elliptical gear.
  • sound waves are excited with the transmitter, which propagate along the toothing of the first and / or the second elements, and in particular spread along a contact surface of the toothing of the first element with the second element (in particular with a toothing of the second element) ,
  • the receiver and the transmitter are on a side facing away from the toothing of the first element or the receiver and the transmitter are arranged on a side facing away from a toothing of the second element.
  • the first element is a toothed wheel and both the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on or in the toothed wheel (which is approximately in the form of a pinion).
  • the gear has an outer toothing and has a (eg central) opening, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in the opening.
  • the second element is designed as a rack, wherein both the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the rack.
  • the rack is fixed (ie fixed to a holder structure outside of the gear arrangement).
  • the rack is movable with the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on a side of the second element facing away from the first element (in particular in the form of a toothed wheel) (in particular in the form of a further toothed wheel or a toothed rack).
  • tooth flanks of the toothings of the first and the second element are curved or oblique to a direction of movement of the first or the second element. It is also conceivable that the teeth of the first and the second element form a cycloidal or involute.
  • Transmitter and / or receiver are e.g. formed in the manner of an interdigital transducer, but the invention is of course not set to a specific transmitter or receiver type. It is further conceivable that the transmitter generates pulses of acoustic waves (in particular surface acoustic waves), e.g. Pulses of different frequencies. It is also possible that modulated pulses are used, e.g. frequency or amplitude modulated pulses.
  • the transmitter and / or the receiver are also in particular connected via fastening means releasably connected to the first or the second element.
  • fastening means releasably connected to the first or the second element.
  • serves as a fastener releasable adhesive it is also conceivable that mechanical fastening means are provided which enable a releasable (about clamping) attachment of the transmitter and / or the receiver to the first or the second element of the tooth arrangement; eg by screw connection or by means of a Spring mechanism.
  • a coupling medium may be arranged between the transmitter or the receiver and the first or the second element in order to improve the coupling of acoustic waves into the first or the second element.
  • the transmitter and the receiver form a common unit; In particular, the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in a common housing and / or on a common carrier. In addition, the transmitter and the receiver may be arranged relative to one another such that the acoustic waves propagate at an angle to a tooth flank of the first and / or second element. Of course, it is also possible that the transmitter and the receiver are arranged so that the excited acoustic waves propagate parallel to at least some tooth flanks of the toothing.
  • a transmitter for generating acoustic waves in the first or the second element is not absolutely necessary. Rather, for the realization of the invention, acoustic waves can be used, which arise during operation of the toothing arrangement, in particular by vibrations or by the movement of components of the toothing arrangement (in particular of the first and / or the second element). It is also conceivable that the receiver is realized by a converter, which also acts as a transmitter. The acoustic waves generated by the transducer are guided so that they can be received by the transducer itself. For example, reflection structures can be provided, with the aid of which the acoustic waves are directed back to the converter.
  • the invention also relates to a method for determining properties of a gearing arrangement, in particular using a gearing arrangement as described above, with the steps:
  • the evaluation of the signal of the receiver includes, for example, an evaluation of an amplitude, a frequency spectrum and / or an envelope of the signal and / or a time interval of structures in the signal.
  • methods of pattern recognition can also be used to detect patterns in the course of the receiver signal which can be used to characterize properties of the tooth arrangement, for example for determining the number of teeth of a toothing.
  • Figure 2 shows a gear arrangement according to a second
  • Figure 3 is a modification of the gear arrangement of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a gear arrangement according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows the signal of an acoustic receiver arranged on the gear arrangement of FIG. 4; 6A shows a gear arrangement according to a fourth
  • FIG. 6B shows the toothing arrangement of FIG. 6A in a lateral view
  • FIG. 7A shows a gear arrangement c according to a fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 7B shows the tooth arrangement of FIG. 7A in a side view.
  • the toothing arrangement 1 according to the invention of FIG. 1 comprises a first element designed as a toothed wheel 1 1 with an outer toothing 11 1, the toothed wheel 11 interacting with a second element in the form of a toothed rack 12.
  • the rack 12 has a toothing 121 with a plurality of teeth 121 1, which engage in a conventional manner in each case in intermediate spaces between teeth 1 1 1 1 of the teeth 1 1 1 of the gear 1 1. Accordingly, there is a positive coupling of gear 1 1 and 12 Zahnstage.
  • a transmitter 2 for generating surface acoustic waves in the rack 12 is arranged on a side facing away from the gear 1 1 side of the rack 12.
  • the surface acoustic waves also propagate, in particular, on the side of the toothed rack 12 facing the toothed wheel 11 and the teeth 121, specifically in the direction of a receiver 3, which, like the transmitter 2, is mounted on a side of the toothed rack 12 remote from the toothed wheel 11 is.
  • the transmitter 2 and / or the receiver 3 may be fixedly connected to the rack 12. It is also conceivable, however, that transmitter 2 and / or receiver 3 are releasably connected (for example via a releasable cohesive connection) to the rack 12, as already explained above.
  • the condition of a lubricant located between the gear 1 1 and the rack 12 can be determined. It is also conceivable that defects of the elements 1 1, 12, for example, a defect of one of the teeth of the toothing of the gear 1 1 and / or the rack 12, make noticeable by a change in the receiver signal. Thus, it is possible to detect such defects also by evaluating the receiver signal. It is also possible, for example, to monitor the amount of lubricant on a time-dependent basis (in particular during operation of the gear arrangement 1) on the basis of the receiver signal.
  • an entry of a foreign liquid (for example, water) in the gear arrangement could be determined by analyzing the receiver signal.
  • a load change in the gear arrangement can be ascertained, for example a change in a bias voltage of the rack 12 relative to the gear 1 1.
  • the gear 1 may have a central opening 1 12, wherein on a the recess 1 12 delimiting inner edge of the gear 1 1, the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3 are arranged; see. Fig. 2. Accordingly, propagate to the surface acoustic waves (SAW) in the gear 1 1.
  • SAW surface acoustic waves
  • the surface acoustic waves SAW extend on a side facing the toothed rack 12 (with the toothing 11) of the toothed wheel 11, so that changes in the toothed region can be detected on the basis of the receiver signal. The same applies to the above comments on FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of FIG. 2.
  • the distance between transmitter 2 and receiver 3 is smaller than in FIG. 2, in particular the distance between transmitter and receiver 2, 3 is approximately the width of one tooth of toothing 11.
  • a receiver signal is evaluated in this arrangement, which is due to surface acoustic waves that run over almost the entire circumference of the gear 1 1 (clockwise in Figure 3). By evaluating the receiver signal defects can be detected over the widest possible range of the teeth 1 1 1 in this way.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a toothed arrangement 1 according to the invention combined with a bearing unit 4.
  • the gear arrangement 1 is formed in this embodiment in the form of a planetary gear having a shaped as a ring gear first element.
  • the ring gear is provided with an internal toothing, which cooperates with a planetary gear or with several planetary gears of the planetary gear.
  • the ring gear can not be seen in Figure 4, since the entire planetary gear including the ring gear is disposed in a housing 41 of the planetary gear.
  • the planetary gear is combined with a bearing 4, via which a cooperating with the planetary gear shaft 5 is mounted.
  • the bearing 4 is, for example, a rolling bearing.
  • a transmitter 2 for generating surface acoustic waves in the ring gear and a receiver 3 for receiving the surface acoustic waves generated by the transmitter 2 are arranged on an outside of the ring gear.
  • the arrangement of transmitter 2 and receiver 3 is used, as in the above embodiments, to determine properties of the gear arrangement 1, ie in this case the planetary gear. In particular, statements about the condition of a lubricant of the planetary gear can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 shows a time profile of a signal of the receiver 3 at different times; in particular before operation of the planetary gear and during operation of the planetary gear 5 (from about 3.4 s). It can be seen that prior to the operation of the transmission (time range "A") the receiver signal (y-axis) is constant except for a noise component After commissioning (time range "B") of the planetary gear, periodic fluctuations of the amplitude (with minima PR) of the receiver signal, which go back to the rotation of the planetary gears of the planetary gear.
  • a measurement can also be made on the bearing 4.
  • a transmitter 21 for generating surface acoustic waves as well as a receiver 31 for receiving the generated surface acoustic waves on an outer side of the housing 41 are also arranged.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B relate to a modification of the gear arrangement 1 of FIG. 1, according to which the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3 are arranged offset to one another on the rack 12 both parallel to the direction of movement of the rack 12 and in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the gear 11 , It is located at least one tooth 121 1 of the rack 12 between the transmitter 2 and the Receiver 3, so that the surface acoustic waves generated by the transmitter 2 at an angle to side edges (tooth flanks) 1212 of the tooth 121 1 to the receiver 3 propagate.
  • the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3 are arranged parallel to the tooth flanks 1212 of the teeth 121 1, ie have an offset to one another only in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the gear 1 1 (FIGS. 7A, 7B).
  • the surface acoustic waves generated by the transmitter 2 accordingly propagate at least substantially parallel to the tooth flanks 1212 as far as the receiver 3.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à denture comportant au moins un premier élément (11) présentant une denture (111), et au moins un deuxième élément (12) interagissant avec le premier élément (11). Selon l'invention, au moins un récepteur (3) disposé sur le premier ou le deuxième élément (11, 12) est prévu pour recevoir des ondes acoustiques (SAW) excitées dans le premier ou le deuxième élément (11, 12), l'évaluation d'un signal produit par le récepteur (3) lors de la réception des ondes acoustiques (SAW) permettant de déterminer des informations relatives à des propriétés du dispositif à denture (1).
EP17708437.3A 2016-02-12 2017-02-10 Dispositif à denture et procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un dispositif à denture Withdrawn EP3414561A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016202176.1A DE102016202176A1 (de) 2016-02-12 2016-02-12 Verzahnungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen von Eigenschaften einer Verzahnungsanordnung
PCT/EP2017/053050 WO2017137586A1 (fr) 2016-02-12 2017-02-10 Dispositif à denture et procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un dispositif à denture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3414561A1 true EP3414561A1 (fr) 2018-12-19

Family

ID=58213051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17708437.3A Withdrawn EP3414561A1 (fr) 2016-02-12 2017-02-10 Dispositif à denture et procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un dispositif à denture

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20190033168A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3414561A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2019505002A (fr)
CN (1) CN108700555A (fr)
DE (1) DE102016202176A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017137586A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3016509A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Adaptateur de sonde ultrasonore, procede de test par ultrasons et systeme de test par ultrasons
CN113074605B (zh) * 2021-05-15 2023-02-07 哈尔滨鑫华航空工业股份有限公司 一种零件检测装置
DE102021119664A1 (de) 2021-07-28 2023-02-02 Bestsens Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Bestimmen von Eigenschaften einer mechanischen Vorrichtung

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2356048A (en) * 1999-08-18 2001-05-09 Peter Edward Sharp Acoustic on-line condition monitoring of a machine part
DE102005003983B4 (de) * 2005-01-28 2008-07-17 Lohmann & Stolterfoht Gmbh Planetengetriebe mit Mitteln zur Früherkennung von Schäden an einem der Wälzlager
CN101375053A (zh) * 2006-01-25 2009-02-25 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 一种包括至少一个齿轮箱的风轮机和一种行星齿轮箱
JP4935157B2 (ja) * 2006-04-07 2012-05-23 日本精工株式会社 異常診断装置および異常診断方法
ES2317425T3 (es) * 2006-06-01 2009-04-16 Klingelnberg Ag Dispositivo y procedimiento de prueba combinada de ruedas dentadas.
JP2010014473A (ja) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-21 Ntn Corp 接触疲労損傷を発生したときに起こる経時変化を検出する検出方法
US8181528B2 (en) * 2009-02-27 2012-05-22 General Electric Company Method and system for ultrasonic inspection of gearbox ring gear
FI20105179A (fi) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Espotel Oy Valvontajärjestelmä
US8695405B2 (en) * 2010-09-17 2014-04-15 Bestsens Ag Bearing, arrangement for determining properties of a lubricant in a bearing and method for determining properties of a lubricant in a bearing
US8171797B2 (en) * 2010-09-23 2012-05-08 General Electric Company Sideband energy ratio method for gear mesh fault detection
US10677685B2 (en) * 2013-04-05 2020-06-09 Aktiebolaget Skf Method, computer program product and system
US10309516B2 (en) * 2015-03-03 2019-06-04 Flender Gmbh Measuring system and measuring method for detecting variables on planetary carriers of a planetary gear train
ES2658171T3 (es) * 2015-04-17 2018-03-08 Flender Gmbh Transmisión planetaria

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190033168A1 (en) 2019-01-31
DE102016202176A1 (de) 2017-08-17
CN108700555A (zh) 2018-10-23
WO2017137586A1 (fr) 2017-08-17
JP2019505002A (ja) 2019-02-21

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