EP3402321A1 - Système pour le mouvement de feuilles de couverture - Google Patents

Système pour le mouvement de feuilles de couverture

Info

Publication number
EP3402321A1
EP3402321A1 EP17700289.6A EP17700289A EP3402321A1 EP 3402321 A1 EP3402321 A1 EP 3402321A1 EP 17700289 A EP17700289 A EP 17700289A EP 3402321 A1 EP3402321 A1 EP 3402321A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cables
sheets
sheet
transverse
same
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17700289.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Angelo Cappi
Andrea CAPPI
Roberto LUSCARDO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magif Sas Di Angelo Cappi & C
Original Assignee
Magif Sas Di Angelo Cappi & C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magif Sas Di Angelo Cappi & C filed Critical Magif Sas Di Angelo Cappi & C
Publication of EP3402321A1 publication Critical patent/EP3402321A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants

Definitions

  • the invention refers to greenhouses, i.e. those structures for the removable covering of rows of vegetable crops, with sheets or nets for the protection of these crops prevalently from weather conditions, of the type that comprise vertical supporting poles positioned along the rows of plants, aligned transverse to one another, close together or staggered, naturally having a height greater than the height of the crowns of the plants to be protected and that with their top are arranged in any manner such as to be connected to one another with longitudinal cables and with transverse cables, to form an aerial and fixed structure, of reticulate type, which can support longitudinally on each row, at least one protective sheet that forms on the same row, a flat or double pitched roof, which is supported by said cables so as to remain correctly in position and to withstand all important stresses, both vertical and transverse, to which the same roof can be subjected by weather conditions.
  • greenhouses i.e. those structures for the removable covering of rows of vegetable crops, with sheets or nets for the protection of these crops prevalently from weather conditions, of the type that comprise vertical supporting poles
  • the term "sheet” will be used to indicate any flexible covering structure for protecting the rows, either of a closed or reticulate type.
  • Said pairs of transverse pulling cables of the sheets run with the same sheets on the fixed ridge cables of the rows and run on guide means provided at said eaves cables, integral with which are rings or equivalent means, which project above these eaves cables and in which the pulling cable positioned above the sheet runs positioned below the sheet runs below the eaves cable or on guide means associated with this cable.
  • the pairs of transverse pulling cables of the sheets are connected with the opposite ends to centralised guide and operating means, positioned on the opposite sides of the greenhouse, to allow them to be operated simultaneously with synchronised movements to the right or on the left, so that the various protective sheets can simultaneously pass from being extended covering the rows of plants, to being retracted folded in a bellows-like manner, laterally and between the same rows.
  • the pulling cables of the sheets must follow a zigzag path between the fixed ridge and eaves cables of the various rows of plants of the greenhouse, so that there are frictions that require considerable effort to be applied to operate the various pairs of pulling cables and it is complicated to pass the ridge cable over the pairs of pulling cables, with the sheet interposed and clamped between the same pulling cables while avoiding damage to the same sheet caused by rubbing against the ridge cable and against the same pulling cables.
  • each covering sheet has a fixed end cross-piece at the eaves of each fixed arch of each row, while the movable opposite cross-piece is secured to at least one transverse pulling cable that involves each arch, which passes below the sheet, which is guided on pulleys positioned on the opposite eaves sides of each arch and which with the ends is secured to cables that run longitudinally along the eaves areas, all so that by pulling and releasing these cables using winches, said transverse pulling cable can move forwards and backwards to open or close the covering sheet of each arch.
  • the invention intends to overcome this dual technical problem of the prior art, i.e. the problem of the noteworthy effort currently required to operate the transverse pulling cables and the problem of wear of the same transverse cables and of the sheet, due to interference with the ridge cables, with a system for movement of the sheets as claimed in claim 1 ) and in the subsequent dependent claims, which makes use of the following inventive idea.
  • the covering sheet extends transversely between the ridge cable of one row and the eaves cable of the adjacent row, so that each row is half covered by the sheet that is secured with a longitudinal side thereof to its ridge cable and half covered by the movable side of the sheet of the adjacent row, while when the sheets are in the retracted position in which the rows are uncovered, each sheet is retracted folded in a bellows-like manner on the top part of each row.
  • each sheet is provided with means that enable it to run at least on the fixed transverse cables of the system and the same longitudinal and movable side of the sheet is anchored to pulling cables above, parallel to the fixed transverse cables below and therefore also transverse to the sheets and these pulling cables are preferably positioned at a height slightly greater than the height of the fixed transverse and longitudinal cables of the system, so as not to interfere with them.
  • supplementary flexible cables connected with the opposite ends to the longitudinal and movable sides of the consecutive sheets, to keep these sheets in a raised position at all times and to allow the complete transverse reduction of their overall dimensions, by retraction folded in a bellows-like manner above each row.
  • All the cables of the system are arranged on their own trajectories that do not interfere with one another or with the sheets, so that these latter are positioned between the transverse cables and the upper pulling cables above and the supplementary cables below, so as to be able to substantially float between these same cables, thus preventing friction and wear of the whole system during the movements of extension and of retraction of the same sheets and so as to be able to implement these same movements with limited effort.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 are schematic views of the present system, respectively according to a top plan view and according to a front view indicated by the arrow K in Fig. 1 ;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a part of the system arranged for operation of the sheets with horizontal arrangement, in a cross section along the line A-A of Fig. 1 and shown respectively with the sheets extended and with the sheets retracted transversely folded in a bellows-like manner on the rows of plants;
  • FIG. 5 and 6 illustrate, according to the same sectional view of Fig. 3, two different solutions for associating with the first row on the left of the system, on which the first sheet is retracted and to the longitudinal cable of which the fixed longitudinal side of this sheet is anchored, lower supplementary cables that correctly support the same sheet during retraction;
  • Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate in a perspective view the details of two different solutions for providing the sheets, in the area of maximum extension of the arrow, with longitudinal openings for the free and rapid runoff of rain and hail and to vent the wind;
  • Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate in a front elevation the system for horizontal sheets as in the preceding figures, but arranged to simultaneously operate sheets and nets and to be able to alternatively position a sheet or a net on the rows;
  • Figs. 1 1 and 12 illustrate a part of the system arranged for operation of the sheets with a double pitched arrangement, in a cross section along the line A- A of Fig. 1 and shown respectively with the sheets extended and with the sheets retracted transversely folded in a bellows-like manner on the rows of plants.
  • the references F1 , Fn indicate the parallel rows of plants P, along which the poles 1 are installed, aligned transverse to one another, close together as in the example shown, or staggered, as stated in the prior art cited in the introduction of the present description and to which ample reference will be made.
  • the references F, F' indicate rows of poles 1 , positioned to serve the rows with the plants P and that complete the protection structure G of the protection system considered first here.
  • the reference 2 indicates the longitudinal ridge cables that connect the tops of the poles 1 of each row F, F1 , Fn, F' to one another and the reference 3 indicates the transverse cables that, again according to the prior art, connect the poles 1 of one row with the aligned poles 1 of the adjacent rows, all so as to produce a reticulate structure capable of supporting, above each row of poles 1 of each row F, F1 , Fn, a respective sheet 4, 4', 4" with an extended arrangement that for the first system G is presumed to be horizontal or substantially horizontal, where each sheet is anchored with a longitudinal side 104, 104', 104" thereof to the longitudinal ridge cable 2 of the respective rows F, F1 , Fn, and where the same sheet is preferably positioned below the transverse cables 3 and any other auxil iary cables not considered herein as not necessary for comprehension of the invention.
  • the sheets 4, 4', 4" are illustrated in the position in which they are retracted transversely folded in a bellows-like manner above the respective rows F, F1 , Fn with the opposite and movable longitudinal sides 204, 204', 204" in proximity of the fixed sides 104, 104', 104", while in the position of extension and closing the top of the protection structure G, as illustrated in Figs.
  • the same sheets will be opened with a movement from left to right (observing the figures) of the respective movable longitudinal sides 204, 204', 204", so that the sheet 4 extends transversely from F to F1 and covers the left half of the row F1 , with the sheet 4' extending transversely from F1 to Fn to cover the right half of the row F1 and the left half of the row Fn and with the sheet 4" extending transversely from Fn to F' to cover the right half of the same row Fn.
  • said arched portions T, T, T" of the movable longitudinal sides 204, 204', 204" of the sheets 4, 4', 4" are arranged on the right of the rows F1 , Fn, F', so as to be superimposed on the fixed sides 104, 104', 104" of the same sheets, to ensure the necessary protection to the rows of plants P below.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 it can be seen that the pulling cables 7 are guided with the opposite ends for example on opposed pulleys 8, 8' supported by poles 9, 9' positioned on the longitudinal and external sides of the system G and, after being guided on these pulleys 8, 8', the same pulling cables 7 are guided on pulleys 10, 10', for example anchored to the ground, and are then secured with the opposite ends, by means of clamps, not shown, to a main cable 1 1 that in plan view is U- shaped, with sections 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 ' parallel to one another and to the rows F, F1 , Fn, F', guided on said lower pulleys 10, 10' and connected with the ends to motorised winches 12, 12' positioned on one end of the same protection structure G.
  • the transverse section 21 1 of the main cable 1 1 is positioned transversely and in the top part of the other end of the protection structure G, the part without the winches 12, 12' and in which the same cable 1 1 is guided on aerial pulleys 13, 13'.
  • the winches 12, 12' are operated by electric motors that rotate in two directions, synchronised with each other and arranged to alternately retract and feed sections of the cable 1 1 of the same length, so that the rectilinear and opposed movement of the branches 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 ' of the same cable 1 1 cause the necessary simultaneous translation to the right or to the left of all the pulling cables 7.
  • the main cable 1 1 can be guided around the protection structure G so as to form a closed loop and to be controlled with a single winch, operated manually or with an electric motor, in two directions of rotation. It is easily understood how, in place of the winches 12 and 12', the main cable can be moved by an external moving system, such as a tractor or the like, where the means shifts the main cable 1 1 on the side 12 or 12' after the cable has been released in the opposite position.
  • an external moving system such as a tractor or the like
  • the sheets 4, 4', 4" are supported in an effective and well- distributed manner, both during retraction and during extension, through the use of groups of supplementary transverse cables 14, positioned below each said sheet 4, 4', 4", parallel to the transverse cables 3 and formed by flexible and optionally elastic elements, anchored with the opposite ends to the movable sides 204, 204', 204" and to their arched structure T, T, T" and which pass through rings or other suitable guiding means 80 anchored to the longitudinal cables 2 of the poles 1 at which the sheets are to be retracted.
  • the groups of supplementary cables 14 are distributed equally and symmetrically along the whole of the length of each sheet 4, 4', 4".
  • the various supplementary cables 14 of this first sheet 4 preferably have a fan-like arrangement, as indicated with 14' in Fig. 1 and in Fig. 5, to converge and join to a single cable 14" that is next and parallel to a pulling cable 7 and to which this cable 14" is anchored with a clamp 90.
  • the aforesaid solution can be used for the supplementary cables serving the first sheet 4, so that each said cable 14 can be provided on the end serving the sheet to be retracted, with two or more fan-like branches, all in a manner that can be easily understood and implemented by those skilled in the art.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a variant that can be used for the supplementary cables 14 serving the first sheet 4 of the system, as an alternative to the solution illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • the supplementary cables 14 are secured with the opposite ends to the longitudinal cables 2 of the system and the movable side 204 of the sheet 4 is provided with supplementary rings 15' facing downwards and which run on the supplementary and fixed cables 14.
  • the sheet 4 is held raised by the supplementary cables 14 and, also as a result of the presence of the guiding rings 15', the same sheet 4 is obliged to retract, folding in a bellows-like manner on the left section of the guides formed by the cables 7, 3 and 14.
  • This variant even if it involves increased friction between the sheet and the supplementary cables 14, can be used to control all the sheets of the covering system.
  • the same sheets are provided longitudinally and in a position more or less equidistant from their longitudinal sides 104, 204, with small openings 16, as shown in Fig. 7, or, as shown in Fig. 8, these same sheets can each be formed by joining at least two adjacent sheets 40, 40', joined together by a longitudinal seam or by a section of large mesh net 1 16 that leads to the formation of said runoff openings 16, without compromising the mechanical strength of the composite sheets thus formed.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate the movement system described above for a protection structure G with sheets substantially horizontal, where a part of the same sheets is formed by the actual sheets 4, 4' and the other part is formed by nets 400, 400', so that by translating the pulling cables 7 to the left, as shown in the example in Fig. 9, the nets 400, 400' are extended and the sheets 4, 4' are retracted folded in a bellows-like manner, while by translating the same cables 7 to the right, as shown in Fig. 10, the sheets 4, 4' are extended and the nets 400, 400' are retracted folded in a bellows-like manner.
  • Figs. 1 1 and 12 there is now described the movement system for protection structures G' where the poles 1 are interconnected, as well as by the longitudinal and transverse cables 2 and 3, also by supplementary transverse cables that comprise a cable 3' parallel to and below the cable 3 and comprise at least one oblique V-shaped cable 103, secured with the ends to the poles 1 of the adjacent rows and secured with the intermediate top to the centreline of the lower transverse cable 3' and to an eaves cable 2', parallel to the longitudinal cables 2 of the system.
  • supplementary transverse cables that comprise a cable 3' parallel to and below the cable 3 and comprise at least one oblique V-shaped cable 103, secured with the ends to the poles 1 of the adjacent rows and secured with the intermediate top to the centreline of the lower transverse cable 3' and to an eaves cable 2', parallel to the longitudinal cables 2 of the system.
  • each sheet 4, 4', 4" is substantially provided on the centreline with a longitudinal spring 19, for example lower, which with the rings 20 runs on that oblique branch of the cable 103 that starts from the fixed side of the sheet, so that when the same sheet is extended as shown in Fig.
  • the rings 20 and the spring 19 are positioned at eaves cable 2', while the movable side 204 of the same sheet is at the top of the pole 1 of the row adjacent to the row to which the fixed side 104 of the sheet is constrained and is anchored to the pulling cable 7 by means of a clamp 70, in the same way as described above for the horizontal sheets.
  • the supplementary transverse cables 14 are positioned below each sheet 4, are secured with the opposite ends to the movable sides 204 of the same sheets and pass through the rings 20 and guiding means 80 anchored to the longitudinal cables 2. Also in this case, when the sheets 4, 4', 4" are extended as illustrated in Fig.
  • the sheets 4 are provided with longitudinal and median openings 16, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, to allow the free runoff of rain and hail when the same sheets are in the extended position and with these openings 16 are arranged at the eaves cables 2'.
  • system according to the invention is assuring the complete closure of the top and of the 4 peripheral sides of the plant in order to isolate the system from the outside and hence to increase its immunity to bacterial agents.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de mouvement transversal, centralisé et avec un effort limité, des feuilles et/ou filets de couverture des structures de protection (G, G') de rangées (F) de plantes, où chaque feuille comporte un côté longitudinal (104) fixé au câble longitudinal (2) d'une rangée associée et l'autre côté longitudinal (204) mobile, et pour cela il est pourvu d'anneaux ou d'autres moyens appropriés (5) pour pouvoir se déplacer sur les câbles transversaux fixes (3) desdites structures (G, G') et, toujours pour le mouvement, ce côté (204) est fixé à des câbles de traction transversaux (7), positionnés au-dessus desdits câbles transversaux fixes (3) et desdits câbles longitudinaux fixes (2) des structures (G, G') et de préférence à une hauteur légèrement supérieure à leur hauteur afin de ne pas être entravés par ces câbles fixes (2, 3). Sous les feuilles (4) se trouvent des câbles supplémentaires et au moins souples (14), dont tout ou partie peut être fixée, mais qui sont de préférence mobiles conjointement à des câbles de traction (7) et dans la même direction que ceux-ci. Ces câbles supplémentaires (14) ont pour fonction de maintenir les feuilles (4) dans une position relevée à tout moment et d'assurer la réduction transversale complète et correcte de leur dimension totale, avec la rétraction pliée sous la forme de soufflets au-dessus de chaque rangée et de lier les mêmes feuilles (4) dans la position rétractée. Les feuilles sont positionnées entre les câbles de traction (7) au-dessus et les câbles supplémentaires (14) au-dessous de façon à flotter pratiquement entre ces câbles, pour empêcher le frottement et l'usure du système pendant l'extension et la rétraction de ces feuilles (4).
EP17700289.6A 2016-01-15 2017-01-12 Système pour le mouvement de feuilles de couverture Withdrawn EP3402321A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUB2016A000131A ITUB20160131A1 (it) 2016-01-15 2016-01-15 Sistema per la movimentazione trasversale, centralizzata e con sforzo limitato, dei teli e/o delle reti di copertura delle strutture di protezione dei filari di piante e strutture realizzate con tale sistema
PCT/EP2017/050545 WO2017121787A1 (fr) 2016-01-15 2017-01-12 Système pour le mouvement de feuilles de couverture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3402321A1 true EP3402321A1 (fr) 2018-11-21

Family

ID=55806630

Family Applications (1)

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EP17700289.6A Withdrawn EP3402321A1 (fr) 2016-01-15 2017-01-12 Système pour le mouvement de feuilles de couverture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3402321A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITUB20160131A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017121787A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2652138B2 (es) * 2017-07-18 2018-06-25 Nova Fruticultura, S.L. Cubierta plegable de protección
CN108812039A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-16 南农新农村发展研究院句容有限公司 一种葡萄限根栽培方法
IT201800010135A1 (it) * 2018-11-07 2020-05-07 Enrico Bonetti Sistema di copertura removibile per colture frutticole o simili
IT201900006677A1 (it) * 2019-05-09 2020-11-09 Bagaglini Prefabbricati Soc A Responsabilita Limitata Sistema per l’irrigazione e la protezione in impianti a tendone di aree coltivate
WO2022269503A1 (fr) * 2021-06-22 2022-12-29 Spamer Hendrik Jacobus Venter Système de couverture
CN115095154B (zh) * 2022-06-21 2023-07-25 中建八局第一建设有限公司 一种混凝土拉毛覆膜装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5265373A (en) * 1991-01-15 1993-11-30 Cravo Equipment Ltd. Curtain system
WO1995025424A1 (fr) * 1994-03-24 1995-09-28 Michael David Robinson Abri protecteur
FR2836779B1 (fr) 2002-03-06 2004-09-10 Schmitt Rech Et Dev S C Abri pour arbres fruitiers notamment, comprenant une ossature rigidifiee par cablage et des moyens centralises de mise sous tension d'une couverture souple
ITBO20110357A1 (it) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-23 Magif S A S Di Cappi Angelo & C Sistema di protezione per la copertura maccanizzata di colture vegetali.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITUB20160131A1 (it) 2017-07-15
WO2017121787A1 (fr) 2017-07-20

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