EP3401443B1 - Bremsanlage für eine sicherheitsstruktur und sicherheitsstruktur mit einem oder mehreren der bremsanlagen - Google Patents

Bremsanlage für eine sicherheitsstruktur und sicherheitsstruktur mit einem oder mehreren der bremsanlagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3401443B1
EP3401443B1 EP18171715.8A EP18171715A EP3401443B1 EP 3401443 B1 EP3401443 B1 EP 3401443B1 EP 18171715 A EP18171715 A EP 18171715A EP 3401443 B1 EP3401443 B1 EP 3401443B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
braking
elements
braking elements
assembly
safety
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EP18171715.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3401443A1 (de
Inventor
Matteo NADALINI
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Incofil Tech Srl
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Incofil Tech Srl
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Priority to SI201830203T priority Critical patent/SI3401443T1/sl
Priority to PL18171715T priority patent/PL3401443T3/pl
Priority to RS20210072A priority patent/RS61415B1/sr
Publication of EP3401443A1 publication Critical patent/EP3401443A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3401443B1 publication Critical patent/EP3401443B1/de
Priority to HRP20210132TT priority patent/HRP20210132T1/hr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a braking assembly for a safety structure comprising two or more braking elements.
  • Said braking assembly is suitable for being associated with a safety guard, such as a safety mesh, for forming a safety structure.
  • the invention can be applied to the construction of any safety structure that requires the dissipation of a large amount of energy or the limitation / containment of loads on the structures.
  • Non-limiting examples of such structures include rockfall guards, debris-flow guards, consolidation structures, snow fences, and the like.
  • the use of said braking elements allows to absorb the kinetic energy of the landslide material deriving from subsidence of the ground, thus preventing the breakage of the safety mesh, and the consequent downward slipping of said landslide material, for example to dangerous areas, such as mountain roads or dwellings.
  • plastically deformable elements which plastically deformable elements are fastened on one side to a support anchored to the ground and on the other side to the safety mesh or guard intended to stop the fall of the landslide material.
  • These braking elements thanks to their deformation, absorb the kinetic energy of the landslide material and thus prevent the damage - or even the breakage - of said safety mesh or guard.
  • these braking elements may have a helical profile, whereby the helical profile is straightened when subjected to a tension along the direction passing through the two fastening points for the connection to the ground and, respectively, to the safety mesh or guard.
  • the braking element described in said document comprises a body provided with two diametrically opposite fastening points, one for the connection to a safety guard, and the other one for the anchoring to the ground.
  • a predefined tearing line is provided on said body, which line is formed by a series of breaking points arranged according to a double spiral pattern, in which the two spirals extend in opposite directions and are converging towards the centre of said body.
  • the braking elements of the type described above are based on tearing along said breaking points to dissipate the kinetic energy of the landslide material; consequently, the deformation value of the braking element is strictly related to the fact that these breakages occur correctly and according to the pre-set theoretical values. In the event that these breakages, although theoretically controlled, do not correctly occur, the kinetic energy of the landslide material cannot be absorbed according to the desired parameters.
  • WO 2008/046446 discloses a catching device of a climbing protection system for preventing a user from falling from a ladder, a platform or the like.
  • This catching device comprises a rotatably mounted pawl which, in the event of a fall, runs against arrestors in the guide rail.
  • a connecting element is attached to the pawl and the user can be secured to the connecting element by means of a safety belt: the connecting element is coupled releasably and in a rotationally fixed manner to the pawl and the coupling is released when a predetermined force is applied to the connecting element.
  • This connecting element can be designed as a damping element which deforms when exposed to a predetermined force.
  • braking elements As the purpose of the braking elements is to absorb the kinetic energy of the landslide material, braking elements based on forms of energy dissipation other than tearing along predefined breaking points were also developed in the past. For example, other braking elements of a known type are based on friction to absorb the kinetic energy of the landslide material. In this case, the deformation value of the braking element is therefore dependent on the friction between its components.
  • a drawback of this type of braking elements is the difficulty in guaranteeing reliable and constant performances over time.
  • this difficulty is increased by the fact that said braking elements are associated with safety structures which are mounted outdoors and exposed to weather and atmospheric agents.
  • said braking elements are associated with safety structures which are mounted outdoors and exposed to weather and atmospheric agents.
  • a variation in the friction coefficients between the different components could probably occur, which would result in a consequent variation in the deformation value of said braking elements and a possible loss of the capability of correctly absorbing the kinetic energy of the landslide material.
  • the deformation value is strictly related to their dimensional characteristics and to the used materials.
  • the material used for manufacturing the braking element it is necessary to change the material used for manufacturing the braking element or to modify the dimensions or the spatial arrangement of said braking element.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide a braking assembly, made by the combination of two or more braking elements, which is suitable for absorbing of a wide range of kinetic energy values.
  • a braking element for a safety structure and a braking assembly comprising one or more of said braking elements as claimed in the appended claims.
  • the braking elements of the braking assembly consist of an elongated body provided with respective connecting points at its opposite ends for the connection to a safety guard or mesh on one side and to the ground on the other side, wherein said body is arranged for passing from a non-deformed configuration to a deformed configuration.
  • the body In said non-deformed configuration, the body has an annular profile, in which the two opposite ends of said body face each other.
  • the body In said deformed configuration, the body has an extended profile with its two opposite ends far from each other.
  • the non-deformed configuration is the configuration in which the braking element is installed.
  • the deformed configuration is the configuration after a tension, generated for example by the fall of landslide material against said safety mesh or guard, has been applied to the braking element.
  • the deformation value of these braking elements is not dependent on the tearing of predetermined breaking points nor on friction.
  • said braking elements are reliable and their performances remain reliable over time.
  • the body is provided with a plurality of connecting through-holes which are positioned at different locations at each of its opposite ends. Thanks to this arrangement, it is possible to select the desired connecting through-hole each time, thus modifying the deformation value for the same size and material of the braking element.
  • the present invention relates to a braking assembly formed by the combination of two or more braking elements connected to each other.
  • these known braking elements have been designed as single units, so that the combination of said single units would be difficult, if not impossible in some instances, and would entail considerable space requirement.
  • the braking assembly according to the invention can be obtained by combining the braking elements according to different arrangements, among which:
  • more complex embodiments of the braking assembly according to the invention may be obtained by combining connections in series and connections in parallel of said braking elements.
  • a braking element for a braking assembly for safety structure is shown.
  • the braking element has been indicated as a whole by reference numeral 11.
  • the braking element 11 comprises an elongated body 13 with two opposite ends 13a, 13b. Said opposite ends 13a, 13b are free and not in any way bound to each other and/or to an intermediate portion of the body 13.
  • Respective connecting through-holes 15a, 15b, at least one per side, are provided on said body 13, in the vicinity of each opposite end 13a, 13b.
  • a first connecting through-hole 15a is intended for connecting, either directly or indirectly, the braking element to a safety mesh or guard, while the opposite connecting through-hole 15b is intended for anchoring, either directly or indirectly, the braking element to the ground.
  • the body 13 has a plurality of connecting through-holes 15a, 15b arranged at each end 13a, 13b of said body, at different distances from the respective end.
  • the provision of a plurality of differently positioned connecting through-holes 15a, 15b at each end of the body 13 of the braking element 11 allows to connect said braking element to said safety mesh or guard and to anchor said braking element to the ground at different distances from the ends 13a, 13b of the body 13 and consequently provides for the possibility of obtaining different deformation values as a function of the selected connecting through-hole. Therefore, with the same size and material of the braking element 11, the deformation value of the braking element can be advantageously modified according to the specific requirements of each application.
  • the cross-section of the body 13 of the braking element 11 is larger at the central region around the middle point and decreases going from said middle point towards the ends.
  • the body 13 of the braking element 11 has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
  • the body of the braking element 11 could also have a cross-section of a different shape.
  • the body 13 of the braking element 11 is made of steel, more particularly of structural steel S235 - 275 - 355.
  • steel more particularly of structural steel S235 - 275 - 355.
  • other materials such as for instance stainless steels, micro-alloyed steels, aluminium alloys, and other metals and metal alloys, can also be used.
  • the used material has a low elastic modulus and a high elongation at break.
  • Said braking element 11 can pass from a non-deformed configuration ( Fig. 1 ) to a deformed configuration ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the braking element When installing the safety structure, the braking element is arranged between the safety mesh or guard and the ground in said non-deformed configuration ( Fig. 1 ): in said configuration, the body 13 of the braking element 11 is bent on itself in an annular configuration and the opposite ends 13a, 13b face each other at a short distance from each other.
  • the kinetic energy of said material is transformed into deformation energy of the braking element 11, which passes from the non-deformed configuration to the deformed configuration ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the body 13 of the braking element 11 is extended and the opposite ends 13a, 13b are at the maximum distance from each other.
  • the braking element 11 can be used for obtaining complex braking assemblies.
  • a braking assembly 21 for safety structure comprising a plurality of braking elements 11.
  • said braking assembly 21 is obtained by the combination of two or more braking elements connected together. Said braking elements 11 may be connected in series and/or in parallel.
  • two or more braking elements are connected in series: said braking elements 11, 11' are sequentially arranged and the bodies 13, 13' of said braking elements are connected to each other at a respective end 13a,13'b by means of a connecting element 17, for example a screw or a peg, which passes through the respective connecting through-holes 15a, 15'b.
  • two or more braking elements are connected in parallel: said braking elements 11, 11' are arranged side by side to each other and the bodies 13, 13' of said braking elements are connected to each other at both respective ends 13a, 13'a and 13b, 13'b by connecting elements 17a, 17b, for example screws or pegs, which pass through the respective connecting through-holes 15a, 15'a and 15b, 15'b.
  • the connecting elements 17a, 17b preferably have side portions having a cross-section equal to or smaller than the cross-section of the connecting through-holes of said braking elements and a middle portion having a cross section greater than the cross-section of said connecting through-holes, so as to ensure that the predetermined distance between the bodies of the different braking elements is maintained.
  • Connection in series and connection in parallel may be advantageously combined to obtain braking assemblies with more complex structures.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the braking assembly 21 provides for the connection of three braking elements 11, 11', 11", wherein two of said braking elements 11', 11" are connected to each other in parallel and in turn, at one of their ends, they are connected in series to a third braking element 11.
  • the cross-section of the braking elements 11', 11"connected in parallel is substantially equal to half the cross-section of the braking element 11 connected in series to said braking elements 11', 11" and the distance between braking elements 11', 11" connected in parallel is substantially equal to the thickness of the braking element 11 connected in series to said braking elements 11', 11", so as to obtain a braking assembly 21 with a substantially symmetrical configuration.
  • an alternative preferred embodiment of the braking assembly 21 provides for the connection of four braking elements 11, 11', 11", 11"', wherein two of said braking elements 11', 11" are connected in parallel and they are connected in series, at first ends thereof, to a third braking element 11 and, at second, opposite ends thereof, to a fourth braking element 11"'.
  • the cross-section of the braking elements connected in parallel is substantially equal to half the cross-section of the braking elements connected in series and the distance between the braking elements connected in parallel is substantially equal to the thickness of the braking elements 11 connected in series, so as to obtain a braking assembly 21 having a substantially symmetrical configuration.
  • FIG. 7 another preferred embodiment of the braking assembly 21 is shown, which can be considered as a variant of the embodiment of Fig. 4 .
  • two or more braking elements 11, 11' are arranged side by side to each other and the bodies 13, 13' of said braking elements are provided with connecting through-holes 15a, 15'a and 15b, 15'b at the respective ends 13a, 13'a and 13b, 13'b.
  • the braking elements 11, 11' are not simply arranged side by side to each other, but they are joined to each other by means of a joining element 19, which is sandwiched between them and extends over a given length from the central portion of said braking elements towards their ends.
  • the performances of the braking assembly could be modulated by acting not only upon the characteristics (number, sizes, materials, and so on) of the braking elements 11, 11', but also upon the selection of the characteristics of the joining element (extension, materials, and so on).
  • the overall braking effect of the braking assembly according to the invention can be modulated over a wide range of different values, which can be selected each time according to the specific requirements of each application.
  • the possibility of obtaining a braking assembly by selecting each time the number of the braking elements and their arrangement (connection in series and/or in parallel) allows to obtain, for each application, the braking structure with the optimal features in terms of amount of loads that can be contained and/or amount of energy that can be dissipated and of the corresponding elongation of the braking elements.
  • FIG. 8 an example of application of a plurality of braking assemblies 21 according to the invention to a safety structure 31 comprising a safety guard 33, in particular in the form of a rockfall safety mesh 33, is shown.
  • Said safety mesh 33 is made of metal wire in order to be capable of bearing and containing the fall of landslide material.
  • Respective supporting poles 35 are provided at the two opposite sides of said safety mesh 33. These supporting poles 35 are anchored to the ground, for example through cement basements, and serve as a support for said safety mesh 33, so as to maintain it in position and prevent it from being dragged downwards by the landslide material.
  • These supporting poles 35 are made of steel so as to have a very high deformation value and withstand the possible fall of said landslide material directly onto them rather than onto the safety mesh 33.
  • Load-bearing ropes 37 may be either inserted in said safety mesh 33 or tied around said supporting poles 35.
  • load-bearing ropes 37 may be inserted in the safety mesh 33 at its lower edge, adjacent to the ground, and at its upper edge, and inserted in said supporting poles 35 by means of appropriate hooks positioned at the lower portion and at the upper portion of said supporting poles; load-bearing ropes 37 can also be wound around said supporting poles 35, without passing through the safety mesh 33.
  • the load-bearing ropes 37 are not directly anchored to the ground, but on the contrary they are connected at their free ends to respective braking assemblies 21 according to the invention, which are in turn anchored to the ground.
  • Said load-bearing ropes 37 are made of metal cables for avoiding breakage under deformation when said landslide material falls.
  • the free ends of said ropes are on opposite sides of the safety structure 31 and are connected to respective braking assemblies.
  • the free ends of said ropes are on the same side of the safety structure 31 and they may be connected either separately to respective braking assemblies or to a single, common braking assembly.
  • each rope 37 is bound to a braking assembly 21 at the connecting through-hole of an end braking element of the braking assembly; on the opposite side of the braking assembly, the connecting through-hole of the other end braking element of the braking assembly is anchored to the ground.
  • braking assemblies 21 consist of a pair of braking elements connected in series (see Fig. 3 ).
  • braking assemblies with different configurations may be used at different locations of the safety structure 31 according to the specific requirements.
  • the braking assembly according to the invention allows to effectively achieve the objects set forth above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Bremsanlage (21) für eine Sicherheitsstruktur (31) des Typs, der ein Sicherheitsnetz oder Schutz (33) enthält, wobei die Bremsanlage zwei oder mehr Bremselemente (11, 11', 11", 11"') enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes der Bremselemente mit einem länglichen Körper (13) versehen ist, der zwei gegenüberliegende Enden (13a, 13b) und wenigstens ein verbindendes Durchgangsloch (15a, 15b), das in der Nähe von jedem der Enden (13a, 13b) angeordnet ist, aufweist, wobei die Enden (13a, 13b) des Körpers (13) frei sind und der Körper (13) aus einer nicht deformierten Konfiguration, in welcher der Körper (13) auf sich selbst in eine ringförmige Konfiguration gebogen ist und die Enden (13a, 13b) sich mit einem kurzen Abstand gegenüber liegen, in eine verformte Konfiguration, in welcher der Körper (13) in einer ausgedehnten Konfiguration ist und die Enden (13a, 13b) ihren maximalen Abstand voneinander haben, übergehen kann, wobei der Querschnitt des Körpers (13) in seinem zentralen Bereich, in der Nähe seiner Mitte, größer ist und von seiner Mitte zu den Enden (13a, 13b) hin abnimmt, und dass die Bremselemente (11, 11', 11", 11'") miteinander in Reihe und/oder parallel mittels einem oder mehreren Verbindungselementen (17; 17a, 17b) verbunden sind.
  2. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Bremsanlage (21) aus zwei oder mehr dieser Bremselemente (11, 11') hergestellt ist, die in Reihe miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Körper (12, 12') der Bremselemente hintereinander angeordnet und miteinander an einem entsprechenden Ende (13a, 13b) mittels eines Verbindungselements (17) verbunden sind.
  3. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Bremsanlage (21) aus zwei oder mehr dieser Bremselemente (11, 11') hergestellt ist, die parallel miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Körper (13, 13') der Bremselemente nebeneinander angeordnet und miteinander jeweils an ihren beiden Enden (13a, 13'a, 13b, 13'b) mittels Verbindungselementen (17a, 17b) verbunden sind.
  4. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Bremsanlage (21) aus zwei oder mehr dieser Bremselemente (11', 11") hergestellt ist, die parallel miteinander verbunden und zudem an einem ihrer beiden Enden oder an beiden Enden mit einem oder mehreren dieser Bremselemente (11; 11, 11") in Reihe verbunden sind.
  5. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Bremselemente (11', 11") parallel miteinander mittels eines Fügeelements (19) verbunden sind, das zwischen den beiden Körpern (13, 13') der Bremselemente eingezwängt ist und sich über eine gegebene Länge von dem zentralen Abschnitt der Körper zu ihren Enden hin erstreckt.
  6. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Verbindungselemente (17a, 17b) Schrauben oder Zapfen sind und seitliche Abschnitte haben, die einen Querschnitt haben, der gleich groß oder kleiner als der Querschnitt der verbindenden Durchgangslöcher (15a, 15'a, 15b, 15'b) der Bremselemente ist, und einen mittlerer Abschnitt haben, der einen Querschnitt hat, der größer als der Querschnitt der verbindenden Durchgangslöcher ist.
  7. Bremsanlage (21) nach Anspruch 1, wobei mehrere verbindende Durchgangslöcher an jedem der Enden (13a, 13b) des Körpers (13) der Bremselemente (11, 11', 11", 11'") vorgesehen ist, wobei die Durchgangslöcher in unterschiedlichen Abständen von dem entsprechenden Ende des Körpers (13) der Bremselemente (11, 11', 11", 11'") angeordnet sind.
  8. Sicherheitsstruktur mit einem Sicherheitsnetz oder Schutz (13), Stützstangen (35), die auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Sicherheitsnetzes oder Schutzes (33) angeordnet sind, und lasttragenden Seilen (37) zum Verbinden des Sicherheitsnetzes oder Schutzes mit den Stützstangen und zum Verankern des Sicherheitsnetzes oder Schutzes am Boden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine oder mehrere Bremsanlagen (21) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 aufweist, wobei die Bremsanlagen (21) zwischen einem Ende eines entsprechenden lasttragenden Seils (37) und dem Boden angeordnet sind.
EP18171715.8A 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 Bremsanlage für eine sicherheitsstruktur und sicherheitsstruktur mit einem oder mehreren der bremsanlagen Active EP3401443B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201830203T SI3401443T1 (sl) 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 Zavorni sklop za varnostno konstrukcijo in varnostna konstrukcija, ki obsega enega ali več omenjenih zavornih sklopov
PL18171715T PL3401443T3 (pl) 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 Zespół hamujący do struktury zabezpieczającej i struktura zabezpieczająca zawierająca jeden lub więcej takich zespołów hamujących
RS20210072A RS61415B1 (sr) 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 Zaustavni sklop za zaštitnu konstrukciju i zaštitna konstrukcija koja sadrži jedan ili više pomenutih zaustavnih sklopova
HRP20210132TT HRP20210132T1 (hr) 2017-05-12 2021-01-26 Kočioni sklop za sigurnosnu strukturu i sigurnosna struktura koja sadrži jedan ili više navedenih kočionih sklopova

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000051902A IT201700051902A1 (it) 2017-05-12 2017-05-12 Elemento frenante per struttura di sicurezza e gruppo frenante comprendente uno o più di detti elementi frenanti

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3401443A1 EP3401443A1 (de) 2018-11-14
EP3401443B1 true EP3401443B1 (de) 2020-11-04

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EP18171715.8A Active EP3401443B1 (de) 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 Bremsanlage für eine sicherheitsstruktur und sicherheitsstruktur mit einem oder mehreren der bremsanlagen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3401443B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2848718T3 (de)
HR (1) HRP20210132T1 (de)
IT (1) IT201700051902A1 (de)
PL (1) PL3401443T3 (de)
PT (1) PT3401443T (de)
RS (1) RS61415B1 (de)
SI (1) SI3401443T1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1469130A1 (de) * 2003-04-14 2004-10-20 AVT Anker + Vorspanntechnik AG Bremselement
AU2006349972B2 (en) * 2006-10-16 2012-05-17 Honeywell Fall Protection Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Fall arrester for a climbing protection system
DE202012010932U1 (de) * 2012-11-14 2014-02-17 Pfeifer Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg Aufreißbremse

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
ES2848718T3 (es) 2021-08-11
IT201700051902A1 (it) 2018-11-12
PT3401443T (pt) 2021-02-02
HRP20210132T1 (hr) 2021-03-19
RS61415B1 (sr) 2021-03-31
PL3401443T3 (pl) 2021-06-14
SI3401443T1 (sl) 2021-03-31
EP3401443A1 (de) 2018-11-14

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