EP3396303A1 - Système de déclenchement d'avalanche - Google Patents

Système de déclenchement d'avalanche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3396303A1
EP3396303A1 EP17168097.8A EP17168097A EP3396303A1 EP 3396303 A1 EP3396303 A1 EP 3396303A1 EP 17168097 A EP17168097 A EP 17168097A EP 3396303 A1 EP3396303 A1 EP 3396303A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
detonator
explosive charge
cord
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17168097.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3396303B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael HANIMANN
Jürg Knobel
Marco LARGHI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INAUEN SCHAETTI AG
Inauen-Schatti AG
Original Assignee
INAUEN SCHAETTI AG
Inauen-Schatti AG
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Application filed by INAUEN SCHAETTI AG, Inauen-Schatti AG filed Critical INAUEN SCHAETTI AG
Priority to EP17168097.8A priority Critical patent/EP3396303B1/fr
Publication of EP3396303A1 publication Critical patent/EP3396303A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3396303B1 publication Critical patent/EP3396303B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for triggering avalanches with a plurality of explosive charges and a designated explosive charge with an explosive-containing body, with at least one detonator, which is connected to a detonator, the detonator is connected via a triggering cord with a tension member , Furthermore, an avalanche mast that can be used particularly advantageously with this system is specified.
  • the CH 708 911 A2 describes an explosive device effectively assembled only when used for avalanche release.
  • a device for avalanche release and a used for this Wurfladung is known, which can safely capture, regardless of weather conditions, different target areas.
  • a unilaterally closed tube is used, in which a propellant charge is arranged, through which an explosive charge can be conveyed from the tube into the avalanche slope.
  • a fuse is provided, which ends in a detonator disposed in the explosive device.
  • a triggering tension element of the ignition is connected to the fuse.
  • the invention is based on the object to improve a device and method of the type mentioned in such a way that such systems can be set up and used for avalanche release in the simplest possible way.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an explosive charge with a solid explosive, which is assembled on the spot into a functioning explosive device, so that the transport of the explosive charge and / or the system itself under less stringent safety requirements is feasible.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide the device for the storage of explosive charges on so-called avalanche pylons in as easy to maintain and equippable form, especially in the supply to these avalanche poles, which requires a helicopter transport of the charges.
  • An explosive charge is provided with an explosive-containing body and at least one detonator connected to a detonator.
  • the lanyard is connected via a trigger cord with a tension element.
  • the detonator In a ready position, the detonator is spatially separate from the explosive or spatially separated from a detonating cord leading to the explosive.
  • a mechanical activating element is connected to the tension element via an activating cord.
  • the standby position which is also a transport position, a safe way of storage. The activation takes place only when the charge is dropped.
  • the activating element may comprise the detonator, to which a detonating cord is attached, which leads to the detonator capsule. Then the detonating cord can be guided parallel to the explosive and the detonator is arranged in the standby position behind a partition from which it is movable by train on the triggering cord parallel to the explosive adjacent to this. Thus, the detonator is e.g. stored during transport at a distance from the explosive.
  • the activating element may also comprise a slider which is arranged adjacent to the at least one detonator capsule.
  • the slider comprises a section with a detonating cord and a detonating cord-free section adjacent thereto.
  • the slider has in its rear region, opposite to the attachment of the triggering cord lying on an area in which a detonating cord is used near the surface, which then ends and until the attachment of the triggering cord has a solid material pusher or hollow pusher. It is essential that the detonating cord is guided at least in one section into the area of the explosive and that the slide is arranged in the standby position with its detonating cord-free section next to the at least one detonator.
  • the separate transport safety can also be achieved by transporting the housing unit with explosive and detonating cord in the housing, for example in the shaft magazine, in front of which a fuse covering all openings, advantageously a steel plate provided continuously in front, is arranged, preferably in one Guide is inserted, which allows a withdrawal transverse to the longitudinal direction of the explosive charges.
  • a corresponding number of activating heads are then arranged, which advances an operator after hanging / erecting the shaft magazine on an avalanche post in the end position after removal of the metal plate in the complementary openings.
  • the activating element comprises an explosive charge upper part, in which at least one tear detonator is arranged, which is connected to a detonating cord, which is connected to a detonator.
  • the explosive charge shell has a cylindrical and the otherwise at least one licker, detonating cord and associated detonator surrounding otherwise hollow cylindrical side wall, which is covered with a cap, the side wall of the cap has opposite locking elements.
  • the explosive-containing body has an outer wall extending beyond the explosive, which has an inner diameter which allows insertion of the explosive charge upper part with a slightly smaller outer diameter, and the height of which enables the outer edge of the cap to seat when the locking elements are provided in complementary inner shoulders provided on the inner wall lock intervene.
  • the explosive charge shell remote from the explosive-containing body In the Ready position is then disposed the explosive charge shell remote from the explosive-containing body, and the release position is achieved by the engagement of the locking elements in the inner shoulders, wherein the at least one detonator is pushed into a complementary recess in the explosive. This insertion happens only at the avalanche mast itself.
  • a protective plate is provided in the ready position between the explosive charge upper parts and the explosives-containing bodies of the charges in the shaft magazine.
  • the system then has at least one actuator with which an explosive charge upper part with the body of the charge containing the explosive can be reached by inserting and locking the first one into the release position.
  • the insertion and locking can be provided either after moving the protective plate in the shaft magazine or alternatively for each charge individually in the discharge chute.
  • the activating element may comprise at least one cord connecting the cap to the detonator, which is shorter than the cord connecting the cap to the explosive-containing body so that it is triggered first and during the firing of the firing cord the charge falls the remaining multipath, then to stay at the specified distance until the charge explodes.
  • a system for triggering avalanches has a plurality of above-mentioned explosive charges, which comprises a housing with a shaft magazine arranged therein with a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the chute magazine has partitions to divide the chute magazine into a variety of explosive charge supplies.
  • the system has a discharge unit below an opening in the explosive charge guide surrounding the shaft magazine with a discharge profile separating the explosive charges.
  • the partitions may divide the manhole magazine into four radial explosive reservoirs and at least two oblique explosive charge reservoirs interposed therebetween.
  • Such a system advantageously has actuators for remote operation to rotate, on the one hand, the hopper magazine to load the discharge chute and, on the other hand, to turn the discharge chute for dropping a load.
  • Two steps are provided for the discharge of a charge, on the one hand drop the explosive charge itself and on the other hand to remove the tension element from the discharge chute.
  • communication means are then provided to remotely control the actuators, optionally with sensors provided to detect the presence of explosive charges at individual storage locations of the manhole magazine, the sensors being connected to the communication means for relaying the sensor information.
  • the side walls and / or ceiling walls, in particular sloping ceiling walls, of the housing may be occupied by photovoltaic modules with which the actuators, communication means and optional sensors can be supplied with energy and any accumulators can be charged.
  • the housing is tapered down and that the housing has at least one over the housing protruding Absetz ski basic in the upper area. Furthermore, the housing then advantageously has at least one sliding and insertion profile on outer edges. Finally, a suspension device is then provided in the upper region of the housing, in particular an opening for a cargo hook, is provided.
  • This system can be used particularly advantageously with a mast that is built above areas where avalanche slopes must be blasted.
  • the mast then has a ring whose inner diameter is greater than the housing diameter of the system and whose inner diameter is smaller than the Absetz wen projecting beyond the housing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a system for storage and storage and discharge of explosive charges according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a ring 1 is shown in addition to the overall system 10, which is rigidly attached to the avalanche mast (which is not shown in the figure).
  • the system 10 comprises a frame 12 with a magazine body 13 which fits in its dimensions through the ring 1, in particular is inserted from above into the ring 1.
  • a not shown here above centrally arranged coupling is preferably provided on the frame 12, with which the system 10 can be attached as a load to a helicopter.
  • the side surfaces 16 and optionally the sloping upper roof surfaces of the magazine body 13 may advantageously be covered with solar cells in order to absorb energy during the day in order to power them up in a system battery (not shown) save.
  • solar cells can be provided in the system 10 itself and / or via cables on avalanche mast.
  • the magazine body 13 has Abstellprofile 17, between which in the Fig. 1 unrecognizable ejection system 18 is located.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the system FIG. 1 from diagonally below. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures. From the Fig. 1 can be clearly seen that the system tapers trapezoidal down with the bent profiles 15. Between the horizontally oriented support profiles 17 is the discharge system 18, which in the in the Fig. 2 version shown has two abutting cover plates 19, which close an approximately semi-cylindrical space protecting against weather conditions down. These two cover plates 19 are rotatably suspended about an axis 39 and open for the release of an explosive charge 30, which then falls down between the axes 19 and closed against the side walls 21 down to then explode controlled in the avalanche area under the system.
  • the reference numeral 30 denotes a generic explosive charge, which depends on Position has received other reference numerals in the system, in particular in the detailed description of explosive charges according to the FIGS. 7 and 9 to 11 ,
  • the Fig. 3 shows another perspective view from the side of the system Fig. 1 , wherein the side wall 21 and some other lateral elements have been removed to have a clear view of the shaft magazine 20.
  • the shaft magazine 20 has a horizontal central axis 22 which is arranged between the side walls 21.
  • a maximum of thirty-two explosive charges 30 are arranged here; In particular, the explosive charges 30 supporting intermediate walls 21 'may be provided.
  • the explosive charges 30 are located in a segmented Schachtmagazinbeforratung per 90 ° of the drum 20 of the system a straight explosive charge 23, consisting of three radially disposed explosive charges 30, two obliquely radially provided explosive charge 24, each with two obliquely radially successively arranged explosive charges 30, and a outer individual tangential explosive charge 25 consists.
  • a 33rd explosive charge 26 is shown here for illustration purposes in the discharge chute itself, which is found below the shaft magazine 20.
  • the shaft magazine 20 has to divide the 32 explosive charges on a plurality of dividing plates 28, which are mostly radial, partially transverse or tangential, to separate the above-mentioned explosive charge supply parts 23, 24, 25.
  • Downwards in the direction of gravity are the outer or outer explosive charges on the circular explosive charge guide 29, which are formed in particular by the inner edges of the intermediate profile walls 21 ', so that upon rotation of the shaft magazine 20 about the Ache 22 in each case an explosive charge from the shaft magazine 20th falls into the discharge chute 18 when the discharge chute is empty.
  • the corresponding process is related to the Figs. 5A to 5E to be discribed.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a detailed view of Fig. 3 in which the ring 1 from the avalanche mast is still shown for visualization of the orientation, but otherwise only the Explosive charges 30 in the individual segments 23, 24, 25 and the separating plates 28 are shown, each of which separate a section of these explosive charges from each other, to show a total of the arrangement of the explosive charges in the shaft magazine 20 well recognizable.
  • the device thus has four explosive charge reserves 23, each with three explosive charges, eight explosive charge supply parts 24 each with two explosive charges and four tangential explosive charge supplies 25, each with a single explosive charge.
  • An explosive charge 26, which is already in the discharge chute, is in the FIG. 4 also shown.
  • the sheets 28 may be solid sheets or perforated sheets, which are fastened exclusively to the central axis 22.
  • Figs. 5a to 5e show in schematic side view the subject of one of the Figs. 1 to 4 similar system in the sequence of triggering the plant.
  • Fig. 5a shows the basic position, which is assumed here of a simpler manhole magazine 20 of the system, the four throw storage parts 23 only has two explosive charges. Not shown in each case are the two possible further explosive charge supplies 25 in the space between the radial throw storage parts 23. This smaller manhole magazine 20 thus holds sixteen explosive charges.
  • the side plates 28 ensure that only the lowermost explosive charge 23 'is present above the opening 31 in the side intermediate wall 21' and thereby rests on the discharge profile 32.
  • the discharge profile 32 may in particular consist of two, three or more in the longitudinal direction of the explosive charge 23 'arranged transverse profiles, which have an outer circular edge, which has a larger diameter than the diameter of the explosive charge 23'.
  • this profile has on one side a radial recess 33 which has a diameter in the depth, which allows with clearance the radial absorption of the explosive charge 23 '.
  • this discharge profile 32 is shown open to the right, so that the explosive charge 23 'present above abuts on the outer boundary of the profile.
  • the side intermediate wall 21 'of the system 10 has at the bottom of a discharge hole 35, which has a transverse dimension which is greater than the diameter of the explosive charge.
  • These may be intermediate profiles 21 ', which, like the profiles 32 of the discharge profile, only hold the longitudinal discharge charges at certain points of support.
  • the sequence of ejection profiles 32 which may in particular be interconnected by longitudinal bars, is rotated counterclockwise here to rotate the opening 33 under the opening 31 in the intermediate profile wall 21 ', so that the lower explosive charge from the two maggot shaft containing magazines 23 'slides down between the separating plates 28 and falls into the recess 33.
  • the depth of the recess 33 is chosen such that any remaining explosive charge from the explosive charge supply 23 remains in the shaft magazine 20 remains, if then according to Fig. 5c the throw profile 32 is further rotated counterclockwise.
  • the hopper magazine 20 is rotated about the axis 22 so that an explosive charge supply 23 is vertically above the throwing profile 32, this being ensured by the common axis 36, which is a vertical axis passing simultaneously through the axis Rotation axes from the shaft magazine 20 and discharge profile 32 goes.
  • the manner of triggering will be described in later figures.
  • the Fig. 5d then shows the explosive charge with the explosive charge part 40 and the holding and tear line 41, which is fastened to a pulling element 42 at the opposite end.
  • the explosive charge part 40 forms with the tension element 42 together with the rip cord 41, the explosive charge.
  • the tension element 42 is originally connected to the explosive charge, which then losreisst and in the position of Fig. 5e leads to a drop of the tension element 42.
  • the Fig. 6 shows an enlarged perspective, partially side-sectional view of the ejection system 18 with some elements of the shaft magazine 20 as adjacent explosive charges 24th
  • the two cover plates 19 are shown, which are closed here and are rotatable about lateral axes 39.
  • the Fig. 7 shows a schematic sectional side view of an embodiment of an explosive charge 30 as in a system according to the Fig. 1 respectively Fig. 5A to 5E Can be used, the tripping cables are not shown.
  • the explosive charge 50 comprises a cylindrical tube 51, which is designed as a hollow cylinder. In particular, it has two service openings in the longitudinal direction; the middle service opening 52 is the service opening for installation and the second service opening is the service opening 53 for defuse.
  • the service openings 52 and 53 are arranged one behind the other on the cylinder jacket, wherein they are associated with an explosive bar 90, which can be longitudinally parallel to the housing body 51 of the explosive charge 50 move in a hollow cylinder as a guide housing 91. Centered between the two cylindrical guide housings 91 for the blasting bars 90 explosive 60 is arranged, which can be particularly cylindrical, but can also fill the remaining volumes of the housing body 51.
  • the guide housing 91 may in particular be made of cardboard, so that it can be cut through the service openings 52 and 53 to the corresponding elements such as detonator, detonator and possibly the Anzündschnur by this Openings can be pulled out.
  • a bottom cap 70 On the underside of the explosive charge 60, a bottom cap 70 is placed, which protrudes at the Einsetzschulter 74 in the hollow shell body of the housing body 51. In this case, recesses are internally provided to receive the two lateral guide housing 91. In extension of the guide housing 91 each bushings 71 are provided, in which parts of the explosive bar 90 are introduced during operation. Below this first part of the bottom cap 70, two semi-cylindrical cavities 72 are provided which are separated by a vertical partition. Thus, in each case a detonator 94 can be placed in the cavity 72 on thehaveanzündschnur 93 and would exert their effect only on the bottom cap and in particular only the own cavity 72 when triggered. The cavities 72 of the bottom cap 70 are closed by a bottom cover 73. This bottom cover 73 is in particular not detachably connected to the bottom cap.
  • a Buchelementkappe 80 is provided which projects at the Aufsetzschulter 85 in the interior of the housing body 51. In doing so, it pushes against an insert 89, which is drawn upwards inwardly from the housing body 51 to the lower edge of the pulling element cap 80 and has a, in particular loose, intermediate bottom 88 which divides the cavity formed thereby into a front cavity 86 and a rear cavity 87.
  • the front cavity 88 is connected via a U-shaped cable feedthrough 82 to the head 81 of the Buchelementkappe 80.
  • the head has a constriction 83 to then widen flanges in a cap flange 81. This results in a flange shoulder 84, with which in particular a release element for the tension element 80 can be connected to the explosive charge 50.
  • the Fig. 7 now shows for illustration the two blasting bars 90 in a different arrangement.
  • the lower view of the explosive bar 90 with approximately central arrangement of the head 92 is the secured position in which the ignition cord 93 protrudes with the mounted on this detonator 94 through the passage 71 into the cavity 72, so that even when triggered in this state, the Explosive 60 is not ignited.
  • the explosive charge 50 is handled during transportation and storage.
  • the openings 52 and 53 are provided diametrically on both sides of the housing 51 so as to be able to remove the head 92 as well as the detonating cord 93 and the detonator 94 from the outside through the cardboard cylinder as the housing 91.
  • the Fig. 8 shows a perspective schematic view of the explosive bar 90, whose maximum length is predetermined by thebutanzündschnur 93. On thisforcendschnur 93, the detonator 94 is pressed that it is not separated by jolting or jerky movements of the ignition cord 93.
  • the detonator is choked and must be separated from the detonating cord by cutting it off.
  • the system detonator and detonating cord in element 95 of the detonating rod is removable, i. by unscrewing the element 95, the detonating cord is released and the detonator can be removed together with the detonating cord from the system. This also creates the possibility for a simple disarming of the explosive charge.
  • the ignition cord 93 itself protrudes into the percussion fuse 95, which constitutes the inner body of the head 92.
  • a guide piston 97 is arranged, around which the retaining cord 96 is guided.
  • the retaining cord 96 is guided inwardly by two laterally opposite openings in the guide piston 97 and is secured against being pulled out by the formation of knots 98.
  • the percussion fuse has centrally a small pin, which protrudes and is provided with a bore.
  • the retaining cord 96 is looped through this bore in the front region and connected to the percussion detonator 95, the firing cord 93 being ignited by a tearing of the pin in the percussion primer head.
  • the Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of an explosive charge 50 with the same reference numerals, wherein to illustrate the embodiments some reference numerals relative to the Fig. 7 omitted and others have been added, which also in the Fig. 7 could be used.
  • the storage position of the explosive bar 90 is shown below and the triggered position of the explosive bar 90 above, then of course the lid 80 would not rest on the tube 51.
  • Figs. 7 and 9 The difference between the Figs. 7 and 9 is that here in a drawing manner the triggering tripping essential cords 101 and the corresponding supply loops 102 and 103 are shown, wherein the front supply loop 103 is connected to the cable loop 104 which extends through the opening 82 therethrough.
  • the lower part of the Fig. 9 shows the explosive bar 90 in the secured position, wherein the detonator 94 protrudes into the cavity 72 just. In this case, the tip of the percussion detonator is connected to the triggering cord 101, which is also connected to the retaining cord 96.
  • the release cord 101 is passed through the upper open end of the guide housing 91 in the rear cavity 87, in which there is a predetermined length of rope, which then via a single cable connection through a corresponding opening in the intermediate wall 88 with the supply loop 103 in the front cavity 86 is guided and there passes into the loop 104.
  • the tension element and its cap 80 With a separation of the tension element and its cap 80 from the hollow housing 51 of the explosive charge 50, the stored supply loop volume 102 is unwound, since the Werelementkappe 80 according to Fig. 5 separates from the explosive charge 51 and at the appropriate distance, given by the length of the loops 102 and 103, triggers.
  • the intermediate plate 88 in particular a sponge rubber plate, is pulled out of the body of the explosive charge, since it is only intended to prevent the two separate cable lengths 102 and 103 becoming tangled.
  • the explosive bar 90 remains at a place shown below the Fig. 9 and does not slip in the top of the Figure 9 shown position, because the outer diameter of the head 92 is sufficiently large to have a slightly smaller inside diameter in the Tube 91 to be clamped easily.
  • the detonator 94 is disposed in the cavity 72 and thus at a distance from the explosive 60. It can also be removed by removing the bottom 73 of the bottom cap 70. Tubes 51 and 91 as well as the bottom cap 70 may be made of cardboard.
  • Fig. 10a and Fig. 10b show an alternative embodiment of the explosive charge similar to the FIGS. 7 and 9 in two different schematic side views, rotated by 90 ° to each other. This corresponds to the Fig. 10A the position of the FIGS. 7 or 9.
  • Fig. 10a are the two guide tubes 91 as in Fig. 7 and 9 to recognize.
  • a U-shaped detonating cord 110 is connected in each case via clips 114 to the guide housing 91.
  • recesses may also be provided in the guide housing 91 between the clips, so that the detonating cord 110 is arranged closer to the detonator 94 in the interior of the guide housing 91.
  • the guide housing 91 preferably has openings or a slot in which the detonating cord is arranged closer and in particular only via a short air path separated from the ignition cord 93 and detonator 94.
  • detonating cord 110 Upon triggering of one or the other detonator 94 detonating cord 110 is triggered and is able, in particular via the connections 112 on the explosive cylinder up and over the upper link 111 to the other side of the explosive 60 to reach a safe release on both sides of the To ensure explosives 60.
  • Figs. 10a and 10b show the explosive charge 50 without the housing 51, so that with respect to the bottom cap 70, the insertion shoulder 74 and the bottom lid 73 are clearly visible.
  • On the opposite side of the lid for the cylinder jacket 121 projects into the upper portion of the housing 51 on the Aufsetzschulter 85th
  • the Figs. 11A and 11B show a schematic side view of another embodiment of an explosive charge 250, in which the explosive 60 on one side in the Housing body 51 'is arranged.
  • the bottom 73 is provided only for closing the sleeve 51 '. It thus remains between a crescent-shaped cavity around the explosive 60 to a remaining segment in the cross section segment for the explosive bar and the other provided for the triggering features.
  • the detonating cord 131 is supported by a sleeve 137 which terminates in a slidable slide 136 to which the sleeve is fixedly connected.
  • An adhesive tape 133 may be used to securely connect the detonating cord 131 to the sleeve 137 and thus to the slider 136. It is also possible to achieve this via sleeve 137 and detonator 131 connecting clips.
  • an upper housing shell 150 is provided, in which the percussion fuze 139, the Anzündschnursch secured 138 and the detonator 134 are provided.
  • the ignition cord is guided in its loops 138 in a volume 142 above the explosive 60, wherein a central cylinder of the inner cover body 141 is provided, which is closed by the holding plate 151 for the zipper 139.
  • the Buchelementkappe 80 In the upper area of the explosive charge 250 there is a cavity as a receiving space 152 opposite said holding plate 151 for the detonator, in which cavity 152, the Glaselementkappe 80 can be used.
  • the Buchelementkappe 80 has the loop 104 through the bottom of the cap 80 through which, for example, two lengths of pull cords are, which are all connected via the triggering cord 106 with the rice detonator 139 and the Aktivierschnur 107 with the slider 136.
  • Figs. 11A and 11B the operating conditions are displayed as follows.
  • the cylinder body 51 is filled with the explosive 60, the detonating cord 131 inserted, connected to the sleeve 137 and thus attached to the slider 136.
  • the detonator 134 and the detonator 139 are inserted and connected.
  • the cords 106 and 107 are then connected to detonator 134 and detonator 139.
  • the slider 136 is already in the position of Fig. 11B arranged.
  • the slider advantageously has a small thickening, which is a displacement in the longitudinal direction the slide safely prevented.
  • the cord which is passed through the two holes at the right end of the slider, the slider can not move to the left and thus the position of the slider is secured in a further direction of displacement.
  • the detonating cord 131 has play and forms a loop 132 in the free space 143 next to the explosive 60 or is otherwise in the free space 143.
  • a distance 145 has formed between the upper end of the detonating cord 131 and the lower end of the detonator 134, which is better in the Figs. 12A and 12B can be seen.
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B show a cross-sectional view of FIGS. 11A and 11B on the lines XXIIA and XXIIB. It can be seen that in the Fig. 12A the slider 136 surrounds the inserted detonating cord from both sides. Holding clips for the detonators 134 are not shown.
  • the explosive charge 250 falls from the discharge system 18, while the lid is still retained by a gate in the discharge system 18.
  • a certain predetermined fall height which is determined by the length of the cords 102, the situation of the Fig. 11A , The slightly shorter cord 106 solves the 20
  • the stop 146 can serve under the wall 153, against which a flange of the slider 136 abuts.
  • the detonating cord 131 comes again next to the detonators 134 as in Fig. 12A shown and after the predetermined by the Anzündschnur 138 waiting time the detonating cord 131 is ignited, which brings the explosive 60 of the explosive charge 250 to the explosion.
  • the Fig. 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an explosive charge 350 with a special trigger head 180 after assembling these originally separately transported elements 280 and 180, wherein the side wall 189 of the explosive charge shell 185 only in the Fig. 14 which is an enlarged schematic view of the trigger head 180 from Fig. 13 shows.
  • the explosive charge part 280 in the rear space of the explosive charge body 51 is here filled with explosives 60, so that in particular can be dispensed with the maintenance openings and defusing. It is essential that the cast explosive has centrally at least one, here two recesses 61, in which one or two blasting capsule 181 can be inserted. These therefore protrude in the use position at least in the central region of the lower part of the explosive charge shell 185 and into the explosive 60 into it.
  • the trigger head 180 carried separately from the explosive charge portion 280, is slid longitudinally into the explosive charge portion 280 with the body of the trigger head 180 having detent edges 186 which cooperate with complementary elements 59 of an inner liner 58 in the tube for interlocking.
  • the side wall 189 of the explosive charge upper part 185 extends to the attached cap 80.
  • the reference numeral 190 shows the possible region of a predetermined breaking point, which extends around the circumference of the outer wall of the housing body 51 and the side wall 189, preferably at its upper end around this outer wall, so that the cap 80 can remain as a tension element in the discharge chute , while the explosive charge with the lower part and thus with the units inserted in the housing body 51 may fall out of the ejection shaft.
  • a supply reel 103 is connected, which is guided in the cable loop 104 through the flange-like end of the cap 180 therethrough.
  • the supply loop 103 is rolled out and tensioned and triggers the moment the voltage of the detonator 183 to ignite the ignition cord 182, which in particular about the detonators 181 ignites the explosive device 60 itself.
  • an additional retaining cord 108 is provided which is guided in a loop through corresponding openings 109, the retainer retaining plate 184 and again ensures that the explosive charge is held in the predetermined by the length of the retaining cord 108 depth under an avalanche tower before it explodes, because the supply cords 103 are again slightly shorter than the retaining cord 108.
  • the separate transport security is achieved in that the housing unit 280 is transported with explosives and detonating cord in the housing, for example in the manhole magazine, in front of a covering all openings fuse, advantageously a continuously provided before steel plate is arranged.
  • this is embedded in a guide which allows this steel plate to be pulled out transversely to the longitudinal direction from the release head 180 and the explosive charge part 280 arranged opposite thereto on both sides.
  • a corresponding number of activating heads are arranged, which advances an operator after hanging / erecting the shaft magazine on an avalanche mast in its end position after removal of the metal plate in the complementary openings.
  • the metal plate remains in place and the storage magazine is then in two parts.
  • the activation head is then also transferred to the discharge chute and the union between the explosive charge and the activation head is made in the discharge chute. So only then is a displacement of the activating head 180 in the longitudinal direction of the explosive charge brought together and the locking edge 186 is secured behind the inner shoulder 59.
  • all explosive charges 50, 250, 350 can be dispensed with a retaining strap element when the triggering happens directly or almost directly after activating the Anreisszünder when the more predeterminable fall depth leads to the also predetermined explosion point on the snow cover.
  • Fig. 15A , B & C show next to each other a schematic representation of a sectional view, a side view and a front view of an embodiment of a discharge chute with inserted and falling out charcoal.
  • the front view with angles in relation to the rotational position is analogous to in the Fig. 5A to 5E provided approach shown.
  • the discharge shaft after the Fig. 15 has a discharge chute body 200 having an opening 205 through which, when this opening 205 faces upward, a charge can be loaded from a supply hopper. Further, the discharge chute has a Buchelementhalter 210, which has two recesses 215 and 216. The first Switzerlandelelementausnaturalung 215 is oriented upward and allows the insertion of the charge with the remote tension element 242. The second Switzerlandelelementausnaturalung 216 serves to eject the tension element 242th
  • the charge according to Fig. 15 consists of an explosive charge part 450 and a tension member 242, which in the Fig. 15A are shown as slightly longitudinally separated and separated only by a predetermined breaking point 190 elements.
  • a predetermined breaking point and the housing body 51 can be rotated from the cap 80, wherein reference numerals of an embodiment are used here, but this approach is possible in all embodiments according to the examples explained here.
  • the tension member has been given a new reference numeral to show that various implementations of retaining the tension member 242 are possible. This can be done by a direct breaking point 190 in the charge and it is possible to move the tension element longitudinally out of the pipe of the explosive charge, or the tube of the explosive charge is weakened weakened in the region of the tension element used. If the charge is to be held on a rope at a predetermined distance corresponding loops should be provided in bushings 109 in the cap or pull element and optionally through corresponding bushings 109 on fixedly connected to the tube 51 of the explosive charge elements, such as partitions 184 or sliders held by stops 136 to realize.
  • the Fig. 16 shows a schematic perspective drawing of an avalanche mast 300 according to an embodiment of the invention and for use of a system 10 with storage magazine according to the preceding figures.
  • the avalanche mast 300 is firmly anchored to the ground by a base 301, usually above an avalanche slope to be secured. It has an obliquely arranged mast 302, at the upper end like a basketball hoop, a ring 1 arranged horizontally, in which the system 10 via two opposite ring segments comprehensive Aufsetzflansche 311 is deductible.
  • Reference numeral 316 denotes a series of solar panels arranged on the side walls and the sloping roof area of the system 10.
  • a fixed service platform 305 is integrated, on which a pivotable additional platform 306 is provided, which is a simpler insertion and / or operation of a used system 10 permits.
  • Reference numeral 309 finally denotes a suspension device of the system to which the system 10 can be fastened under a helicopter and can be transported to and from the avalanche pylon 300.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP17168097.8A 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Système de déclenchement d'avalanche Active EP3396303B1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0324723A2 (fr) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-19 Air-Zermatt Ag Procédé pour provoquer des avalanches et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé
EP0798536A2 (fr) 1996-03-26 1997-10-01 KONRAD DOPPELMAYR & SOHN MASCHINENFABRIK GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H. & CO. KG. Dispositif pour déclencher des avalanches ou similaires
CH692798A5 (de) 1999-04-23 2002-10-31 Wyssen Seilbahnen Ag Verfahren zum künstlichen Auslösen von Lawinen und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
US6644203B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2003-11-11 Kevin Mark Powell Explosive device and method of using such a device
CH708911A2 (de) 2013-11-18 2015-05-29 Wyssen Seilbahnen Ag Sprengkörper zur Lawinenauslösung.
EP3076122A1 (fr) 2015-04-01 2016-10-05 Inauen-Schätti AG Système de déclenchement d'avalanches

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0324723A2 (fr) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-19 Air-Zermatt Ag Procédé pour provoquer des avalanches et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé
EP0798536A2 (fr) 1996-03-26 1997-10-01 KONRAD DOPPELMAYR & SOHN MASCHINENFABRIK GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H. & CO. KG. Dispositif pour déclencher des avalanches ou similaires
CH692798A5 (de) 1999-04-23 2002-10-31 Wyssen Seilbahnen Ag Verfahren zum künstlichen Auslösen von Lawinen und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
US6644203B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2003-11-11 Kevin Mark Powell Explosive device and method of using such a device
CH708911A2 (de) 2013-11-18 2015-05-29 Wyssen Seilbahnen Ag Sprengkörper zur Lawinenauslösung.
EP3076122A1 (fr) 2015-04-01 2016-10-05 Inauen-Schätti AG Système de déclenchement d'avalanches

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