EP3394378B1 - Abstandhalter für isolierglasscheiben - Google Patents

Abstandhalter für isolierglasscheiben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3394378B1
EP3394378B1 EP16794258.0A EP16794258A EP3394378B1 EP 3394378 B1 EP3394378 B1 EP 3394378B1 EP 16794258 A EP16794258 A EP 16794258A EP 3394378 B1 EP3394378 B1 EP 3394378B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spacer
wall
fibers
diffusion barrier
vapor diffusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16794258.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3394378A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Runze
Marc REHLING
Michael Möller
Bernhard KÖNIGSBERGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolltech AS
Original Assignee
Ensinger GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ensinger GmbH filed Critical Ensinger GmbH
Priority to PL16794258T priority Critical patent/PL3394378T3/pl
Publication of EP3394378A1 publication Critical patent/EP3394378A1/de
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Publication of EP3394378B1 publication Critical patent/EP3394378B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66314—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape
    • E06B3/66319—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape of rubber, plastics or similar materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B2003/6638—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit with coatings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B2003/66385—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit with special shapes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B2003/66395—U-shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spacer for insulating glass panes, comprising a profile body manufactured using a first plastic material, which has a base body with a substantially U-shaped cross section with first and second parallel side walls and an inner wall extending between the first and second side walls.
  • the spacer further comprises a vapor diffusion barrier extending from a free end of the first side wall to a free end of the second side wall.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is furthermore arranged essentially parallel to the inner wall and at a distance from it.
  • Spacers for insulating glass panes of the type described above are in the prior art, for example from EP 1 889 995 A1 as well as from the DE 10 2012 105 960 A1 known.
  • Such spacers known in the prior art are often used to improve the thermal insulation of insulating glass panes in windows, doors, facade elements and the like instead of the previously commonly used metal spacers, around two or more glass panes, which form the insulating glass pane, in a parallel position to hold to each other.
  • a spacer for multiple-pane insulating glazing at least comprising a composite of: a) a glass fiber reinforced, polymeric base body comprising two pane contact surfaces running parallel, a bonding surface and a glazing interior surface, the pane contact surfaces and the bonding surface being connected to one another directly or via connecting surfaces are, b) an insulating film on the bonding surface or the bonding surface and the connecting surfaces, the insulating film having at least one polymer film with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, at least one polymer layer with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m and a metallic layer with a thickness of 10 nm to 1500 nm or a ceramic layer with a thickness of 10 nm to 1500 nm.
  • the WO 84/01798 A1 also a multiple glazing unit with an outer pane of glass, which is held at a distance from an inner pane of glass via a spacer.
  • Spacers processed to form a frame together with the glass panes form a space between panes in the assembled state of the insulating glass pane.
  • the glass panes are glued to the spacer using a sealant.
  • the space between the panes is thereby sealed so that the spacer and the glass panes are glued with a sealant adhering to both the spacer and the glass panes.
  • sealants for example, from the DE 198 07 454 A1 known, are used as sealants z.
  • butyl adhesives, polysulfide, polyurethane and silicone materials are used.
  • any water or steam that has penetrated should be removed from the space between the panes.
  • a cavity formed by the spacer is often filled with desiccant.
  • the capacity of the desiccant is limited, however, so that the gas-tight, in particular moisture-tight, sealing off of the space between the panes by the spacer is also of decisive importance.
  • vapor diffusion barriers made of metal are often used (cf. DE 93 03 795 U1 ) is used.
  • Fully metallic foils from z. B. aluminum or steel have an extremely good thermal conductivity of approx. 200 or approx. 50 W / (K ⁇ m) and thus reduce the overall thermal resistance of the spacer.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a spacer which largely takes account of the above problems and, moreover, can be produced economically.
  • the spacer according to the invention comprises a profile body made using a first plastic material and a vapor diffusion barrier made from a flat material with poor thermal conductivity.
  • the heat transfer resistance of the spacer is increased compared to spacers with a fully metallic vapor diffusion barrier.
  • the profile body and the vapor diffusion barrier together form a cavity which is closed only by the vapor diffusion barrier on the side opposite the inner wall.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier of the spacer according to the invention is made from a sheet material. Due to this feature in combination with the fact that the vapor diffusion barrier of the spacer according to the invention is made of a poorly thermally conductive material, the heat conduction between the glass panes can be reduced and thus the total heat transfer resistance of the spacer according to the invention can be increased.
  • the cavity of the spacer according to the invention is possibly only closed by the vapor diffusion barrier made of a sheet material, a spacer with a reduced weight compared to a hollow profile can be produced with the same overall height.
  • the spacer according to the invention comprises a vapor diffusion barrier made from a sheet material that is a poor conductor of heat and is different from the first plastic material.
  • the poorly thermally conductive sheet material of the vapor diffusion barrier is essentially identical to the first plastic material.
  • the profile body is made using a first plastic material and the vapor diffusion barrier is made from a flat material and possibly from a material different from the first plastic material enables an optimized selection of materials compared to one-piece spacers based on closed hollow profiles.
  • the selection can be optimized, both with regard to the thermal conductivity, material costs and impermeability of the vapor diffusion barrier to water vapor on the one hand, and with regard to the thermal resistance of the profile body on the other. In this way, an overall optimized heat transfer resistance can be achieved for the spacer according to the invention in comparison to conventional spacers made in one piece.
  • the heat transfer is often determined by spacers when they are installed in the insulating glass pane. This heat transfer coefficient, based on the unit of length, is indicated by the so-called psi value.
  • the Psi value depends on the structure of the insulating glass pane and the material and structure of the spacer frame. The basis for determining the Psi value is the equivalent thermal conductivity of the spacer measured in accordance with ift guideline WA-17/1.
  • the spacer according to the invention preferably has an equivalent thermal conductivity according to this guideline of 0.14 W / (m ⁇ K) or less.
  • Poor thermal conductivity in the context of the invention means that the equivalent thermal conductivity of the profile body is changed by the vapor diffusion barrier by no more than 0.014 W / (m ⁇ K).
  • the vapor diffusion barrier of the spacer according to the invention is made of a flat material and can in particular be made of a sufficiently flexible material.
  • the profile body of the spacer according to the invention comprises a base body with a substantially U-shaped cross section with first and second side walls arranged in parallel and an inner wall extending between the first and the second side wall.
  • the first and the second side wall each have a free end which is spaced apart from the inner wall.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier extends from the free end of the first side wall to the free end of the second side wall.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier also extends over areas of the side walls and rests against them from the outside, so that the vapor diffusion barrier is supported by the side walls and can assume the contour specified by them. At the same time can be about the design of the surface the vapor diffusion barrier optimizes the adhesion of the sealant to the spacer.
  • the free ends of the first and second side walls preferably each have an angled end region, the angled end regions being designed to be inclined with respect to one another.
  • the cranked end regions increase the flexural strength of the spacer according to the invention and facilitate the manufacture of the spacer for the frame.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier rests against the cranked end regions from the outside and can be supported by them.
  • the cranked end regions of the first and second side walls are preferably designed to be essentially planar, so that the flexible vapor diffusion barrier can rest better against them.
  • the cranked end regions of the first and second side walls preferably have essentially the same extent in cross section, viewed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • the spacer can thus have a symmetrical cross-section when viewed transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  • the cranked end regions maintain a spacing from one another. This distance is closed by the vapor diffusion barrier, so that the profile body and the vapor diffusion barrier form a cavity which is closed in cross section and which is only closed in some areas by the vapor diffusion barrier, which is made from a sheet material.
  • the weight of the spacer according to the invention is typically reduced in comparison to spacers with a closed outer wall.
  • the spacer according to the invention have a high thermal resistance even with this geometry.
  • the cranked end regions of the first and second side walls are preferably formed at an obtuse angle, in particular at an angle of approx. 100 ° to approx. 150 °, to the first and second side wall towards the cavity when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the profile body.
  • they each have an acute angle, preferably an angle of approximately 80 ° to approximately 30 °, to the inner wall.
  • the spacer is preferably designed in a trapezoidal cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • the cranked end regions of the first and second side walls and the glass panes essentially form triangular volumes in cross section which can accommodate sealant.
  • a larger contact surface between the spacer and glass panes and the sealant can be achieved and an improved bond with the glass panes can be achieved.
  • the spacer it is possible to bend the spacer to manufacture the frame to form corner areas.
  • the bent end areas of the first and second side walls can facilitate bending and stabilize the geometry of the spacer in the corner areas.
  • the spacer can be sawn into pieces according to the dimensions of the frame.
  • the pieces can then be connected to a corner connector and connected to one another in a force-locking or material-locking manner, in particular also welded, to form the frame.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is made from a sheet material.
  • the sheet material is preferably selected from a single or multi-layer polymer film.
  • the polymer film is preferably a thermoplastic polymer film, a thermosetting polymer film and / or an elastomeric polymer film.
  • the thermoplastic, thermosetting or elastomeric polymer film is in particular crosslinked.
  • the polymer of the polymer film can be the same as or different from the polymer of the first plastic material.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier made from a sheet material is made from an ultra-thin glass ribbon.
  • ultra-thin means that the glass ribbon preferably has a thickness of less than approximately 150 ⁇ m.
  • the heat transfer resistance in the spacer according to the invention is not or hardly reduced by the vapor diffusion barrier made of a poorly thermally conductive material.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is preferably materially connected to the side walls. This has the advantage that the impermeability to moisture or water vapor can be optimized.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier preferably comprises a stiffening element, the stiffening element in particular comprising a fabric with fibers to improve the torsional rigidity.
  • the torsional stiffness describes the resistance of a component to twisting or twisting.
  • An increased torsional rigidity of the spacer according to the invention has the advantage that the spacer according to the invention can be easily handled during the manufacture of the frame.
  • the fibers of the fabric can in particular be aligned at an angle of approximately 45 ° or approximately 135 ° to the longitudinal direction of the spacer.
  • the resulting increased shear stiffness of the outer wall reinforced with fabric increases the torsional stiffness of the spacer. This has the advantage that the resistance of the spacer to rotation is increased.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is made from a polymer film.
  • the polymer film preferably has on its on the outside and optionally on its inside surface, a layer, also referred to below as a coating, which is formed in particular by metallization.
  • the layer formed by metallization or other alternative coatings described below increases the tightness compared to the tightness of non-metallized polymer films with respect to water vapor.
  • the outer or inner surface of the polymer film is related to the installed state in the spacer.
  • the outer surface of the polymer film is arranged away from the interior of the cavity formed by the spacer and pointing towards the sealant.
  • the inner surface of the polymer film is arranged facing towards the interior of the cavity formed by the spacer and away from the sealant.
  • the layer or coating is made from alternative materials. Coatings made of Si x O y , Al x O y , TiO y , Sn x O y or graphene are also preferred coatings which can have the same advantages with regard to water vapor tightness as layers formed by metallization.
  • the coating formed by metallization is preferably made of aluminum.
  • a layer of aluminum formed by metallization has the advantage that aluminum is light compared to other metals and the weight of the vapor diffusion barrier can be kept low.
  • aluminum is easy to process and can be applied in thin layers, for example by sputtering.
  • the layer formed by metallization preferably comprises at least partially a metal oxide layer which is formed by surface oxidation of the layer formed by metallization in air or an oxygen-containing atmosphere originated.
  • This surface oxidation of the layer formed by metallization has in particular a composition of Me a O b , where Me stands for a metal used in the layer formed by metallization, for example Al x O y .
  • the indices a, b, x, y represent whole numbers and are determined by a stoichiometric composition resulting from the chemical structure.
  • the at least partial surface oxidation has the advantage that the polymer film can be stored permanently, since the at least partial surface oxidation of the layer formed by metallization creates protection against possible corrosion.
  • a layer or coating on the outer surface of the polymer film has the advantage that it improves the adhesion to typically used sealants.
  • vapor diffusion barriers made of polymer films that are completely coated with oxides are also used (for example in the DE 198 07 545 A1 and the WO 2013/104507 A1 ).
  • a polymer film with a partial Al x O y layer can already provide permanent bondability with commonly used sealants, while the bondability of an SiO 2 -like layer with the sealants decreases over time.
  • the polymer film is preferably designed in multiple layers and comprises one or more layers which have a coating on one or both sides.
  • coatings in particular also layers formed by metallization, can improve the vapor tightness, while with the layers made of a polymer material between the coatings, a minimized thermal conductivity can be guaranteed. Due to the low metal content, the reduction in the overall heat transfer resistance through the vapor diffusion barrier can be kept low overall.
  • gas-permeable imperfections in a layer formed by metallization are essentially closed and / or adequately sealed by the adjoining or adjacent layer formed by metallization in such a way that the passage of gas molecules through the imperfections is reduced compared to non-contiguous layers formed by metallization .
  • the middle layer preferably has a one-sided coating, in particular in the form of a layer formed by metallization.
  • the outer layers preferably have a coating on both sides, in particular in the form of layers formed by metallization.
  • all three layers have a coating on both sides, in particular in the form of layers formed by metallization.
  • the individual layers of the polymer film which, as described above, have coatings, in particular in the form of layers formed by metallization, are preferably bonded to one another with an adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer preferably has a thickness of approximately 4 ⁇ m or less, in particular a thickness of approximately 3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the polymer film and / or the individual layers of the polymer film preferably have a thickness in the range from approximately 5 ⁇ m to approximately 150 ⁇ m, preferably from approximately 5 ⁇ m to approximately 60 ⁇ m. In particular, the thickness is in the range from approx. 10 ⁇ m to approx. 60 ⁇ m. A thickness of approx. 5 ⁇ m is often sufficient so that the polymer film is strong enough to be able to handle it easily, while a thickness of approx. 150 ⁇ m, in particular approx. 60 ⁇ m, is still thin enough for the polymer film is sufficiently flexible for processing. With regard to applicability, a polymer film with a thickness of up to approx. 60 ⁇ m is particularly advantageous.
  • a layer formed by metallization preferably has a thickness in the range from approx. 20 nm to approx. 180 nm.
  • a thickness of approx. 20 nm is sufficient so that the layer is sufficiently closed and thus securely seals against vapor diffusion, while with a thickness of approx. 180 nm there is still so little material, even in the case of metal, applied that the contribution the vapor diffusion barrier remains sufficiently low for thermal conductivity.
  • the sum of all layers formed by metallization is preferably less than 1 ⁇ m. This has the advantage that the decrease in the total heat transfer resistance due to the contribution of the vapor diffusion barrier is small.
  • the polymer film and / or the layers of the polymer film made of polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyolefin, in particular polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), cycloolefin copolymers (COC), polyether is / are preferred , Polyketone, polyurethane, polycarbonate, vinyl polymer, especially polystyrene (PS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), silicone, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyhalolefin, especially polychlorothrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) and / or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), liquid crystalline polymer and blends made from these materials.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is made from an ultra-thin glass ribbon.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon preferably has a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • a ribbon of glass with a thickness of approximately 100 ⁇ m or less is sufficiently flexible to have a reduced susceptibility to breakage when processing the spacer to form a frame.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon particularly preferably has a thickness of approximately 25 ⁇ m to approximately 100 ⁇ m.
  • a thickness of approx. 25 ⁇ m is already sufficient to be able to handle the ultra-thin glass ribbon in production, while an ultra-thin glass ribbon with a thickness of approx. 100 ⁇ m is still sufficiently flexible for processing the spacer into a frame.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon is preferably used as a vapor diffusion barrier without this having to be supported by a one-piece outer wall made of plastic.
  • the ultra-thin glass tape can be applied to the profile body together with an adhesive film.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon can also be adequately supported by the cranked end regions of the first and second side walls or by the first and second wall sections of the outer wall. In this way, its poor heat-conducting properties can be used without the need for the ultra-thin glass ribbon to be supported by a continuously closed outer wall and thus an increased use of material.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is made from an ultra-thin glass ribbon
  • the vapor diffusion barrier and the glass panes of the insulating glass pane can be made from the same type of material. This makes it easier to select a suitable sealant for bonding spacers and glass panes. This has the advantage that the adhesion of the external spacer surface to the sealant is improved.
  • a planar, ultra-thin glass ribbon with a thickness of approx. 25 ⁇ m has, for example, a minimum bending radius of approx. 2 to 3 mm. This minimum bending radius, defined on the inside of the bending point, indicates the minimum radius with which a workpiece can be bent without breaking or cracking.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon particularly preferably has a minimum bending radius of approx. 5 mm to approx. 8 mm.
  • the side walls in the interior of the profile body preferably have an increased wall thickness in areas in which the side walls merge into the angled end areas in order to adapt the geometry to conventional corner connectors. Modifying the wall thickness in areas of the side wall has the advantage that the spacer is stabilized on the one hand and can better accommodate corner connectors for processing in a frame, on the other hand the heat transfer resistance remains essentially unaffected.
  • the profile body preferably has ribs on the inside on the side walls and / or on the outer wall.
  • the ribs also allow adaptation to the shape of existing corner connectors, so that the corner connectors, especially in embodiments that also have an increased wall thickness of the side walls, can be held in a press fit in the cavity of the spacer according to the invention.
  • the profile body preferably has a reduced wall thickness in the wall areas of the side walls adjacent to their angled end areas in order to form articulation points on.
  • the wall areas designed as hinge points are preferably designed as grooves in the interior of the profile body.
  • the wall areas in the interior of the profile body that are designed as hinge points are designed as grooves.
  • the design of the hinge points can increase the heat transfer resistance of the spacer.
  • a first and a second reinforcing element are preferably arranged in the inner wall parallel to the longitudinal direction of the spacer profile, the first reinforcing element being arranged in a first section of the inner wall adjacent to the first side wall, and the second reinforcing element being arranged in a second section of the inner wall adjacent to the second side wall is arranged.
  • the reinforcement elements are preferably at a distance from the respective side walls which corresponds to approx. 5 to approx. 40%, preferably approx. 10 to approx. 30%, of the distance between the side walls. In these positions, the stabilization of the spacer can be maximized by the reinforcement elements.
  • the reinforcing elements are wire-shaped, possibly also as flat wire.
  • Wires are often made of a metal with a comparatively high thermal conductivity.
  • the use of wires in comparison to sheet metal can minimize the decrease in the thermal resistance due to the reinforcement elements, since wires typically have a smaller expansion in the direction of heat conduction than sheet metal.
  • the inner wall preferably has projections which extend in the direction of the cavity formed by the spacer and which have a greater wall thickness than the adjacent regions of the inner wall.
  • the greater wall thickness preferably corresponds approximately to the sum of the thickness of the reinforcement elements, measured perpendicular to the surface of the inner wall, and the thickness of the adjacent areas of the inner wall.
  • the projections are essentially adapted to the contour of the reinforcement elements. This has the advantage that reinforcement elements with larger diameters can also be embedded and firmly anchored in the inner wall. The areas with greater wall thicknesses of the inner wall can give the spacer additional stability.
  • This embodiment also has the advantage that the spacer can be bent more easily to form corner areas. The risk that the first and second reinforcing elements in the interior of the profile body emerge from the plastic material during bending can be minimized in this embodiment.
  • the first plastic material of the profile body is preferably based on polyolefin, in particular polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), polyphenylene ether (PPE), polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide ( PA) and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), as well as on blends of these materials.
  • polyolefin in particular polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), polyphenylene ether (PPE), polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide ( PA) and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), as well as on blends of these materials.
  • PP poly
  • the spacer according to the invention can be easily processed into a frame, for example by bending or welding. In addition, it can have an optimized impact strength under mechanical stress.
  • the first plastic material preferably has a content of approx. 1% by weight to approx. 80% by weight, in particular a content of approx. 30% by weight to approx. 50% by weight, of reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers used are preferably fibers in the form of polymer fibers, carbon fibers and / or fibers made of inorganic materials.
  • Polymeric fibers are preferably made from thermoplastic polymers such as plexiglass, polyolefins, polyamide and polyester and / or fibers made from non-melting polymers such as non-melting polyamides, in particular aramids (eg Kevlar®). To increase strength the fibers made of thermoplastic polymers can be stretched lengthways and thus solidified.
  • thermoplastic polymers such as plexiglass, polyolefins, polyamide and polyester
  • non-melting polymers such as non-melting polyamides, in particular aramids (eg Kevlar®).
  • Fibers made from inorganic materials are preferably made from metallic fibers, for example steel fibers and / or glass fibers, in particular long glass fibers. Mineral fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, boron fibers and / or silica fibers can also be used as inorganic fibers.
  • the fibers are preferably in the form of individual fibers, fiber strands (rovings), felts, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and / or scrims.
  • the fiber strands are preferably arranged symmetrically in the outer wall and the inner wall of the spacer.
  • the use of fiber strands, also known as rovings, has the advantage that the longitudinal stiffness and the torsional stiffness of the spacer can be increased.
  • the reinforcement elements can be inserted in the outer wall in the form of loops / arches or in a zigzag pattern. This has the advantage that the reinforcement elements further increase the torsional rigidity of the spacer.
  • the reinforcement elements cannot be incorporated into the wall, but rather glued between the latter and the profile body when the vapor diffusion barrier is glued on.
  • the profile body is preferably designed free of further reinforcing fibers. This has the advantage that the weight of the spacer can be reduced compared to an embodiment with additional reinforcing fibers and the heat transfer resistance can be improved.
  • stiffening fibers in particular glass fibers, can also be dispensed with if the profile body has sufficient mechanical strength.
  • the spacer is preferably designed free of reinforcing fibers.
  • the rigidity which can be generated by reinforcing fibers in other embodiments, can be given in this embodiment by the reinforcing elements.
  • the first plastic material preferably has natural fibers as filler.
  • natural fibers In particular, coconut fibers, hemp fibers, sisal fibers, wood fibers and / or flax fibers are used here. Natural fibers are less used to reinforce the spacer, but can enable a higher heat transfer resistance compared to plastic materials without natural fibers. In addition, plastic material can be saved in this embodiment. A particularly ecological production of the spacer can also be achieved using natural fibers.
  • natural fibers for example made from coconut, hemp, sisal, wood or flax, can also be used as reinforcing fibers.
  • recyclates in particular made of polycarbonate and / or polyester, in particular PET, are preferably used as the first plastic material and / or the spacer is made of a biodegradable material Polymer material, in particular low molecular weight polyamide, is made.
  • recyclates are plastic materials which have already been processed at least once and which have been reprocessed in a recycling process.
  • Spacers can preferably have an inner wall which, in areas directly adjacent to the side walls, has a reduced thickness compared to the wall thickness of the projections. These areas with reduced wall thickness also form articulation points which can counteract deformation of the side walls and thus a reduced contact surface on the glass panes when the spacer is subjected to pressure when the corners of the frame are bent.
  • first and second reinforcing elements are arranged in the inner wall.
  • the profile body is preferably designed to be porous, in particular closed-pore, at least in partial areas of the inner and side walls.
  • the weight of the spacer can thus be reduced and its heat transfer resistance can be increased.
  • the first plastic material preferably comprises additives, in particular selected from fillers, pigments, light stabilizers, impact modifiers, antistatic agents and / or flame retardants. This has the advantage that, on the one hand, the appearance of the spacer according to the invention can be optimized and, on the other hand, its properties can be adapted to the specific requirements.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier made from a flat material, in particular selected from a polymer film and an ultra-thin glass ribbon, can be rolled up in a planar form on a reel, in particular provided as an endless material.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier is glued to the side walls of the profile body and.
  • an adhesive layer is preferably applied to the side walls beforehand.
  • the adhesive layer has the advantage that it can create a material connection between the profile body and the vapor diffusion barrier.
  • an ultra-thin glass ribbon is preferably used as a vapor diffusion barrier.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon Before connecting to the profile body, the ultra-thin glass ribbon is heated to a forming temperature.
  • the deformation temperature is preferably chosen so that the ultra-thin glass ribbon can be plastically deformed.
  • the glass ribbon is heated to a temperature in the range from approx. 350 ° C. to approx. 550 ° C. before it is subjected to the deformation.
  • a temperature of approx. 350 ° C is sufficient to make the ultra-thin glass ribbon deformable, while the viscosity of the ultra-thin glass ribbon is still low enough to be able to perform the deformation plastically.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon is preferably essentially brought into a U-shape with a shaping tool at a temperature in the range of the shaping temperature, the U-shape having a central section and two on it includes subsequent edge sections.
  • the edge sections are arranged at a distance from one another essentially parallel to one another.
  • the forming tool is preferably formed from a plurality of pairs of rollers, the glass ribbon being essentially brought into a U-shape when it is pulled through between these pairs of rollers.
  • the forming tool is preferably heated so that the temperature of the forming tool is in the range from approx. 350 ° C to approx. 550 ° C.
  • the temperature of the forming tool is preferably kept at about 350 ° C. or more during the forming process. This prevents the ultra-thin glass ribbon from solidifying prematurely.
  • the temperature of the forming tool during the forming of the ultra-thin glass ribbon is preferably not more than approx. 550 ° C., so that the ultra-thin glass ribbon can still be plastically formed and does not form a viscous mass.
  • the conformity of the shape of the reshaped ultra-thin glass ribbon with parts of the contour of the profile body enables the connection in a mechanically essentially stress-free state of the glass ribbon.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon is applied stress-free from the outside onto the side walls of the profile body when it is heated.
  • the reshaping can minimize the risk that the ultra-thin glass ribbon will become detached from the profile body due to forces acting on it.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon is cooled to approx. 20 to approx. 50 ° C.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon After the ultra-thin glass ribbon has cooled down, the ultra-thin glass ribbon has the previously described U-shape with two edge sections arranged essentially parallel to one another and a central part, which makes it easier to connect to the profile body.
  • the reshaped U-shaped ultra-thin glass ribbon Before being applied to the profile body, the reshaped U-shaped ultra-thin glass ribbon is elastically deformed, the parallel edge sections being elastically bent away from one another.
  • the ultra-thin glass ribbon After reshaping, the ultra-thin glass ribbon has a cross-section that corresponds to parts of the contour of the profile body.
  • the elastic deformation of the U-shape can prevent the edge sections of the ultra-thin glass ribbon from being at the same distance from one another in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction as the outer sides of the side walls of the profile body. In this way it can be avoided that shear forces arise that would arise if the edge sections of the undeformed glass ribbon were pushed over the side walls, which may be provided with an adhesive layer. Without these shear forces, the connection of the ultra-thin glass ribbon to the profile body is made easier.
  • the elastically deformed glass ribbon is positioned on the profile body, optionally provided with the adhesive layer, in such a way that the edge sections each bear against the first and second side wall or, if appropriate, the middle part lies against the outer wall.
  • the edge sections of the ultra-thin glass ribbon rest against the corresponding surfaces of the profile body when it is returned to the U-shape, without any shear stress occurring on the adhesive layer that may be present.
  • the elastically deformed ultra-thin glass ribbon is returned to its U-shape after it has been positioned on the profile body, the edge sections resting against the side walls in a substantially tension-free state and the middle part possibly resting against the outer wall.
  • Figure 1 shows an edge section of an insulating glass pane 10 with a first and a second glass pane 12, 14 and a spacer 50 according to the invention, which keeps the panes 12, 14 at a distance, in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 50.
  • the first and second glass panes 12, 14 are glued to the spacer 50 by means of a primary butyl sealant 16.
  • the glass panes 12, 14 and the spacer which is bent to form a frame, enclose 50 a space 20 between panes, of which only a portion is shown here.
  • the spacer 50 comprises a profile body 52 made from a first plastic material, which has a base body with an essentially U-shaped cross section.
  • the profile body 52 is typically produced in one piece in an extrusion process.
  • the profile body 52 is made of polypropylene (PP), in particular a polypropylene homopolymer.
  • the first plastic material preferably comprises hemp fibers. Natural fibers in the form of hemp fibers can increase the heat transfer resistance compared to plastic materials without natural fibers.
  • the profile body 52 comprises first and second side walls 54, 56 arranged parallel to one another and an inner wall 60 extending from the first side wall 54 to the second side wall 56.
  • the first and second side walls 54, 56 each have a free end spaced from the inner wall 60 62, 64 on.
  • the spacer 50 further comprises a vapor diffusion barrier 70, which extends from the first side wall 54, the free end 62 of which extends over the free end 64 to the second side wall 56, made of a sheet material with poor thermal conductivity.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 70 extends in the area between the free ends 62, 64 of the side walls 54, 56 essentially parallel to the inner wall 60 at a distance predetermined from the side walls 54, 56.
  • the poorly thermally conductive sheet material from which the vapor diffusion barrier 70 is made is different from the first plastic material.
  • the poorly heat-conducting surface material of the vapor diffusion barrier 70 is essentially identical to the first plastic material of the profile body 52.
  • a secondary sealant 22 is applied between the glass panes 12, 14 on the outside of the vapor diffusion barrier 70.
  • the spacer 50 has a cavity 80 which is enclosed by the profile body 52 and the vapor diffusion barrier 70. On the side opposite the inner wall 60, the cavity 80 is limited only by the vapor diffusion barrier 70.
  • the cavity 80 is connected to the space 20 between the panes via perforation openings 90 in the inner wall 60.
  • the cavity 80 can be filled with desiccant (not shown), which can absorb water vapor or moisture from the space 20 between the panes via the perforation openings 90.
  • Figure 2 shows a further spacer 150 according to the invention in the installed state in an insulating glass pane 100.
  • the insulating glass pane 100 is shown in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 150.
  • the illustrated insulating glass pane 100 comprises, in addition to the spacer 150 according to the invention, a first and a second glass pane 102, 104.
  • the glass sheets 102, 104 are bonded to the spacer 150 using a primary sealant (not shown).
  • the spacer 150 which is bent to form a frame, and the glass panes 102, 104, when the insulating glass pane 100 is installed, enclose a space 108 between panes, which is shown here only in part.
  • the spacer 150 comprises a profile body 152 made from a first plastic material, which has a base body with a substantially U-shaped cross section.
  • the profile body 152 comprises a first and a second side wall 154, 156, which are arranged parallel to one another, as well as an inner wall 160 extending from the first side wall 154 to the second side wall 156.
  • the first and the second side walls 154, 156 face from the inner wall spaced apart a free end 162, 164 with an angled end region 166, 168.
  • the profile body 152 is typically produced in one piece in an extrusion process.
  • the cranked end regions 166, 168 are aligned inclined to one another and spaced from one another.
  • the cranked end regions 166, 168 of the first and second side walls 154, 156 are formed at an obtuse angle of approximately 135 ° to the respective adjacent side wall 154, 156.
  • the angled end regions 166, 168 are embodied in the present case in a planar manner.
  • a volume approximately triangular in cross section is created towards the glass panes 102, 104, which volume can accommodate the secondary sealant 106.
  • the volumes which are triangular in cross section, allow the insulating glass pane 10 of the insulating glass pane 10 compared to the installation situation of the spacer 50 Figure 1 the realization of considerably larger contact surfaces of the secondary sealant 106 both on the side of the glass panes 102, 104 and on the side of the spacer 150, so that a considerably improved sealing of the edge region of the insulating glass pane 100 is achieved.
  • the spacer 150 further comprises a vapor diffusion barrier 170 which extends from the first side wall 154 to the second side wall 156 and which is made of a sheet material and has poor thermal conductivity.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 170 is arranged between the free ends 162, 164 of the side walls 154, 156 essentially parallel to the inner wall 160 and at a distance therefrom.
  • the spacer 150 comprises an outer wall 180 which is spaced apart from the inner wall 160, the outer wall 180 in a first variant comprising a first and a second wall section 182, 184 which are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from one another.
  • the first and second wall sections 182, 184 are connected to the respective free ends 162, 164 of the first and second side walls 154, 156, respectively, and extend away from the respective side wall 154, 156 and towards one another.
  • the first and second wall sections 182, 184 are arranged so as to be oriented essentially parallel to the inner wall 160.
  • first and second wall sections 182, 184 have essentially the same extent transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 100 and are essentially planar.
  • the profile body 152 encloses a cavity 190 with the vapor diffusion barrier 170. This cavity 190 is connected to the space 108 between the panes via regularly arranged perforation openings 192 in the inner wall 160.
  • the cavity 190 can accommodate drying agent which can bind moisture or water vapor from the space 108 between the panes.
  • the first plastic material using which the profile body 152 is preferably manufactured in one piece, is in the present case polypropylene (PP) and preferably has a glass fiber content of 40% by weight.
  • the plastic material is preferably foamed, as a result of which the increased weight due to the glass fiber content and the increased thermal conductivity due to the glass fiber content can be compensated.
  • the first plastic material is designed with closed pores.
  • Figure 2A shows the in Figure 2 Section marked with 2A.
  • a possible variant of a three-layer polymer film 171 as a vapor diffusion barrier 170 of the spacer according to the invention is shown in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 150.
  • a sealant 106 is shown, by means of its glass panes 102, 104 and spacers 150 in the in Fig. 2 installation situation shown in an insulating glass pane 100 are glued together.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 170 is preferably materially connected to the side walls 154, 156 and to the outer wall 180.
  • the polymer film 171 has three layers 172, 173, 174, each of which is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of approximately 12 ⁇ m.
  • the inner layer 172 facing away from the sealant 106 and the outer layer 174 of the polymer film 171 facing the sealant 106 each have a layer 175 formed by metallization on both sides.
  • the inner layer 173 of the polymer film 171 has a layer 175 formed on one side by metallization.
  • the layers 175 formed by metallization are made of aluminum and have a thickness of approximately 80 nm.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 170 made from a flat material with poor heat conductivity is made from a flat material different from the first plastic material.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 170 or the layers 172, 173, 174 of the vapor diffusion barrier 170 designed as a polymer film 171 are made from a sheet material which is essentially identical to the first plastic material of the profile body 152 (PP in this case) is.
  • the layers 172, 173, 174 of the polymer film 171 and the profile body 152 can be made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), for example.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • all three layers 172, 173, 174 have a layer 175 formed by metallization on both sides, such that between the layer 172 facing away from the sealant and the inner, middle layer 173 of the polymer film 171 as also between the layer 174 facing the sealant and the inner, middle layer of the polymer film 173, two layers 175 formed by metallization adjoin or rest against one another (not shown).
  • gas-permeable defects in a layer 175 formed by metallization are in particular closed or sealed by the adjoining layer formed by metallization.
  • the outer layer 175 formed by metallization of the layer 174 facing the secondary sealant 106 enables improved adhesion between polymer film 171 and sealant 106, compared to a polymer film without an external layer formed by metallization.
  • the outer layer 175 formed by metallization preferably has at least partially a surface oxidation (not shown), which has a Creates protection against corrosion and scratches and thus enables the polymer film 171 to be stored for a longer period of time.
  • the adhesive layer preferably has a thickness of approximately 4 ⁇ m or less, in particular a thickness of approximately 3 ⁇ m or less.
  • Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of a spacer according to the invention in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 200.
  • the profile body 202 of the spacer 200 comprises first and second parallel side walls 204, 206 with free ends 212, 214, which have cranked end regions 232, 234, and an inner wall 210 extending between the first side wall 204 and the second side wall 206.
  • the cranked end regions 232, 234 are as in FIG Fig. 2 (cf. 166, 168) are designed to be inclined to one another and, in the present case, have an obtuse angle of approximately 140 ° to the respective adjacent side wall 204, 205.
  • a vapor diffusion barrier 220 which is formed from a sheet material, extends at a distance from the inner wall 210 and aligned between the angled end regions 232, 234 essentially parallel to it.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 220 extends over areas of the side walls 204, 206 and over the cranked end regions 232, 234 adjoining the side walls 204, 206 and lies against them from the outside.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 220 is made from an ultra-thin glass ribbon and has a thickness of approximately 70 ⁇ m. It is integrated flush into the profile body 202 in areas of the side walls 204, 206.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 220 made from an ultra-thin glass ribbon preferably has a minimum bending radius of approximately 7 mm.
  • the profile body 202 and the vapor diffusion barrier 220 enclose a cavity 240 which, when installed, can accommodate desiccant in an insulating glass pane (not shown).
  • the desiccant can absorb water vapor or moisture from a space between the panes (not shown) formed by the spacer and glass panes processed to form a frame and thus enable a space between panes free of water vapor.
  • the contact between the desiccant-filled cavity 240 of the spacer 200 and the space between the panes is provided by perforation openings 242 in the inner wall 210, which are regularly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the spacer 200 in the inner wall 210.
  • a position 244 of the inner wall 210 of the spacer 200 directed towards the space between the panes is visible to a viewer of the insulating glass pane (not shown).
  • This layer 244 of the profile body 202 which is visible in the space between the panes, is preferably made from a colored plastic material, in the present case from a polypropylene (PP) homopolymer.
  • the rest of the profile body 202 is made of a polypropylene (PP) copolymer in the present case.
  • the colored layer 244 is typically produced with the rest of the profile body 202 in a coextrusion process.
  • the colored layer 244 enables an additional optimization of the appearance of the spacer 200.
  • the entire profile body 202 can be made from a recyclate, in particular polycarbonate or PET.
  • the present embodiment of the spacer 200 according to the invention has a first and a second reinforcing element 246, 248.
  • the reinforcement elements 246, 248 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the spacer 200 in the inner wall 210.
  • the first reinforcing element 246 is arranged in a first section of the inner wall 210, adjacent to the first side wall 204.
  • the second reinforcing element 248 is arranged in a second section of the inner wall 210, adjacent to the second side wall 206, the reinforcing elements 246, 248 at a defined distance of Maintain their center or their geometric center of gravity parallel to the inner wall 210 to the respective side wall 204, 206, based on a distance between the first and second side walls 204, 206.
  • the distance of the reinforcement elements 246, 248 to the respective side wall 204, 206 corresponds to In the present case approx. 15% of the distance between the side walls 204, 206.
  • the reinforcement elements 246, 248 are wire-shaped and typically have a corrugated surface (not shown). The adhesion to the plastic material of the profile body 202 is thus improved and the reinforcing elements 246, 248 can be integrated into the first plastic material in a particularly shear-proof manner.
  • the inner wall 210 has first and second projections 250, 252 which extend in the direction of the cavity 240 enclosed by the spacer. Through these protrusions 250, 252, the risk of the reinforcing elements 246, 248 emerging from the profile body 202 during a bending process of the spacer to form a frame is minimized.
  • the profile body 202 has articulation points in the form of grooves 254, 256 on the cavity 240 side, which improve the bending behavior of the spacer.
  • reinforcing elements 260, 262 could optionally be embedded in the angled end regions 232, 234, which - if necessary with a slightly smaller diameter - can be designed similar to the wire-shaped reinforcing elements 246, 248.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 220 can, as shown schematically in FIGS Figures 3A and 3B shown, can also be modified with reinforcing elements 264, 266 or 268, 270, which are selected from wire materials, glass fiber bundles, rovings, etc., which, for example, as in Figures 3A and 3B with reference to the vapor diffusion barriers 220 'or 220 "are shown, meandering or in a zigzag pattern, preferably on the side of the vapor barrier 220' or 220" facing the cavity 240.
  • these reinforcing elements 264, 266 or 268, 270 can be glued onto the surface of the vapor diffusion barrier 220 'or 220 ".
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 220 has a stiffening element, which preferably comprises a fabric to improve the torsional rigidity (not shown).
  • Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of a spacer 300 according to the invention in a cross section perpendicular to its longitudinal direction.
  • the spacer 300 comprises a profile body 302 arranged in parallel first and second side walls 304, 306 each with a free end 312, 314, which have cranked end regions 332, 334, and an inner wall 310 which extends between the side walls 304, 306.
  • the spacer 300 further comprises a vapor diffusion barrier 320, which extends from the first side wall 304 via the angled end regions 332, 334 to the second side wall 306.
  • the profile body 302 is like that in FIG Figure 3 shown profile body constructed.
  • the vapor diffusion barrier 320 is made of an ultra-thin glass ribbon and has a thickness of approximately 30 ⁇ m.
  • the profile body 302 and the vapor diffusion barrier 320 enclose a cavity 340 which, when the spacer is installed in an insulating glass pane, communicates via perforation openings 342 in the inner wall 310 with an intermediate space formed by the glass panes and spacer (not shown).
  • the perforation openings 342 are arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the spacer 300.
  • the cavity 340 preferably receives drying agent which can absorb water vapor and / or moisture from the space between the panes of the insulating glass pane.
  • the water vapor and / or moisture pass through the perforation openings 342 into the cavity 340 filled with desiccant.
  • the profile body made of polypropylene (PP) in the present case is typically produced in an extrusion process.
  • the profile body is preferably foamed and particularly preferably has a long glass fiber content of 40% by weight.
  • the plastic material of the profile body 302 is optionally colored in a layer 344 visible in the space between the panes.
  • the inner wall 310 in the longitudinal direction of the spacer 300, there are wire-shaped reinforcing elements 346, 348 designed as flat wire.
  • the inner wall 310 In the area of the reinforcement elements 346, 348, the inner wall 310 has projections 350, 352 which extend in the direction of the cavity 340 and have an increased wall thickness.
  • the greater wall thickness preferably corresponds approximately to the sum of the thickness of one of the reinforcement elements 346, 348, measured perpendicular to the surface of the inner wall 310, and the thickness of the adjacent regions of the inner wall 310.
  • articulation points in the form of grooves 354, 356 are also formed on the cavity side.
  • the grooves reduce deformation of the side walls 304, 306 when the frame is bent into corner regions and thus counteract a reduced contact surface between the glass panes and spacer 200.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
EP16794258.0A 2015-12-23 2016-11-04 Abstandhalter für isolierglasscheiben Active EP3394378B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16794258T PL3394378T3 (pl) 2015-12-23 2016-11-04 Uchwyt dystansowy do szyb izolacyjnych

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015122716 2015-12-23
DE102016115023.1A DE102016115023A1 (de) 2015-12-23 2016-08-12 Abstandhalter für Isolierglasscheiben
PCT/EP2016/076658 WO2017108242A1 (de) 2015-12-23 2016-11-04 Abstandhalter für isolierglasscheiben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3394378A1 EP3394378A1 (de) 2018-10-31
EP3394378B1 true EP3394378B1 (de) 2021-04-21

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US (1) US10633914B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3394378B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN108350721B (pl)
DE (1) DE102016115023A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3394378T3 (pl)
RU (1) RU2715469C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2017108242A1 (pl)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2018121065A (ru) 2020-01-23
CN108350721A (zh) 2018-07-31
US10633914B2 (en) 2020-04-28
CN108350721B (zh) 2020-10-13
US20180298673A1 (en) 2018-10-18
WO2017108242A1 (de) 2017-06-29
RU2715469C2 (ru) 2020-02-28
EP3394378A1 (de) 2018-10-31
DE102016115023A1 (de) 2017-06-29
PL3394378T3 (pl) 2021-10-25
RU2018121065A3 (pl) 2020-01-23

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