EP3375544B1 - Installation horizontale de coulée en bande à bande de coulée optimisée - Google Patents

Installation horizontale de coulée en bande à bande de coulée optimisée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3375544B1
EP3375544B1 EP18161095.7A EP18161095A EP3375544B1 EP 3375544 B1 EP3375544 B1 EP 3375544B1 EP 18161095 A EP18161095 A EP 18161095A EP 3375544 B1 EP3375544 B1 EP 3375544B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
casting belt
casting
belt
region
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EP18161095.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3375544A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter PALZER
Thomas Evertz
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0631—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a travelling straight surface, e.g. through-like moulds, a belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0654—Casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0665—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating
    • B22D11/0668—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating for dressing, coating or lubricating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0665—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating
    • B22D11/0674—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating for machining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for horizontal strip casting of a pre-strip made of metal.
  • a horizontal strip caster for producing a pre-strip from steel is known.
  • the belt caster has a melting vessel from which the melt is poured through a casting nozzle onto a horizontally rotating casting belt.
  • a cooling device is arranged under an upper run of the casting belt.
  • the applied melt solidifies to form a pre-belt.
  • the strip caster has a housing into which a gas flow is introduced in order to create a reducing or oxidizing atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere for the melted and the solidifying pre-strip.
  • the gas flow is introduced via nozzles which are arranged in a ceiling element of the housing.
  • the gas flow is varied with regard to its temperature and its speed and pressure profile.
  • a horizontal strip caster is also known for producing a pre-strip from steel.
  • a circulating casting belt of the belt caster is coated with a coating compound consisting of a carrier liquid and additives in the area of an upper side facing the pre-belt before a melt is applied.
  • additives are a wide variety of metals or metallic oxides / nitrides / borides with which the material properties of the sliver can be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • the carrier liquid is removed in a drying unit.
  • a firmly adhering coating of the steel strip can alternatively be created, the thickness of which can be used to control the heat transfer between the casting strip and the pre-strip and thus the cooling rate of the melt or the pre-strip.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 001 469 A1 relates to a horizontal strip caster for producing a pre-strip.
  • An applied melt solidifies on a casting belt, which is subjected to conditioning in an inline process after the pre-strip has completely solidified.
  • This conditioning comprises at least one of the treatments annealing, drying, straightening, brushing, cleaning, descaling, stretching, smoothing or coating.
  • Possible permanent coatings are ceramics or metal / ceramic compounds.
  • Dispersion layers made of BN, nitrides, oxides or carbides can be used as renewable coatings.
  • the heat transfer between the casting belt and the pre-strip can be controlled on the basis of the coating.
  • the disclosure document WO 2007/071225 A1 relates to a horizontal strip caster for producing a pre-strip from, in particular, lightweight structural steel.
  • a casting belt is proposed which is provided with a structure in order to reduce the heat transfer and the contact between itself and the strand that has solidified to form a pre-belt.
  • This structure has beads running in the longitudinal direction or knobs distributed over the surface, which are embossed into the casting belt from above.
  • the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 28 56 472 relates, among other things, to strip casting with a rotating mold for casting aluminum and aluminum alloys.
  • the mold has a roughened surface to control the heat transfer when it comes into contact with the molten metal for the first time.
  • the mold surface has a roughness pattern, which consists of a regular arrangement of pyramidal or truncated cone-like elevations, so that the melt only the tips of these elevations of the mold surface touched.
  • edge defects often occur, which manifest themselves in an edge of the sliver strip that is flattened towards the edge and in cracks in the edge areas.
  • the occurrence of flattened edges leads to rolling defects and can thus cause edge cracks.
  • the cracks occur in the edge areas of the cast pre-strip and are approximately 30 mm to 100 mm away from the edge.
  • a cooling-related deformation of the melt also occasionally leads to mechanical stresses in the structure of the casting belt, which only cause the sliver to lift off the casting belt only locally and which furthermore lead to cracks in the sliver, since the material only comes close to the solidification point at high temperatures has a low hot ductility.
  • the bulging then leads to the melt shifting in the direction of the middle of the belt and thus already solidified dendrites to come to the belt surface, on which no lid has been formed up to this point in time.
  • This leads to an open porosity, preferably in the areas close to the edge, which leads to surface and structural defects when the tape is processed. These cracks with surface contact also lead to material defects during further processing, which is why the material has to be trimmed and profitability is reduced.
  • the formation of a dense, non-open-pored surface can be hindered by the low heat dissipation on the upper side of the strip and a correspondingly lower solidification rate and unfavorable flow boundary layers due to the flow of the atmosphere.
  • German patent application DE 10 2005 062854 A1 which is considered to be the most relevant prior art, discloses a system for horizontal strip casting of a pre-strip made of metal, with a casting belt with a central area and laterally adjoining edge areas, the casting belt in the area of a the upper side facing the solidifying pre-strip is equipped with a surface structure, and the surface structure has been created by a stamping deformation of the casting strip.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a system for the horizontal strip casting of a pre-strip made of metal, with which an improved geometry and surface of the pre-strip, an increased output and thus a substantial improvement in economic efficiency are achieved.
  • a system for horizontal strip casting of a pre-strip made of metal has a casting belt with a central area and laterally adjoining edge areas, the casting belt being equipped with a surface structure in the area of an upper side facing the solidifying pre-strip.
  • an embossing deformation is understood to mean a manufacturing method in which embossments or elevations are created on the upper side of the casting belt together with oppositely arranged elevations or embossing on the underside of the casting belt. Elevations on the upper side of the casting belt thus correspond at the same point with impressions on the underside of the casting belt or vice versa. In this manufacturing process, there may be deviations between the shape of the embossments or elevations on the top and bottom in order to obtain or optimize the desired shape on the top.
  • this embossing process is particularly suitable for the production of casting belts that it is simple and inexpensive and only material is shifted in the thickness direction of the casting belt by the embossing and thus the original dimensions of the casting belt are retained. There are no or hardly any changes in the length and width of the casting belt, which would result in corresponding reworking.
  • its surface structure has a first pattern in the central area and a pattern different from the first pattern in the edge areas.
  • the claimed casting belt has a different pattern in the edge areas up to a maximum of 25 cm from the edge in the direction of the middle of the belt and an embossing depth of the structure that is 20 to 75% higher.
  • the uniform heat dissipation is advantageously effected by preventing the cast pre-strip from lifting off.
  • the homogenization of the cooling conditions across the strip width counteracts any deformation of the cast pre-strip (U-shape).
  • a different solidification of the pre-strip caused by uneven heat transfer is counteracted and local porosities and voids, which often occur linearly in the casting direction, are thus avoided.
  • an improvement in the quality, the surface and the geometry of a pre-strip produced, in particular in the case of alloys with low Al contents - preferably Al ⁇ 0.8% by weight - is achieved through the homogenization of the cooling conditions.
  • the output is also increased and thus the profitability.
  • the casting belt is made of a material with a material, at least in the region of an upper side facing the solidifying preliminary belt
  • Particularly suitable materials are aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper or a copper alloy.
  • casting tape material also enables the casting tape thickness to be increased with the same or improved heat dissipation, which counteracts buckling of the casting tape and, in particular, homogenizes the heat dissipation over the surface.
  • the casting belt is provided with a surface structure at least in the area of an upper side facing the solidifying pre-belt and the surface structure is preferably a teardrop, pyramid, diamond, bead or point pattern with a depth of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations.
  • the surface structure is preferably a teardrop, pyramid, diamond, bead or point pattern with a depth of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations.
  • a casting belt with reduced thermal conductivity is used. Due to the reduced thermal conductivity of the casting belt, the downward dissipation of heat is delayed and thus the proportion of solidification from the upper side of the preliminary strip is increased and the formation of a cover on the upper side of the preliminary strip is promoted during casting. This is particularly advantageous in the case of steels with an increased tendency to surface defects and open porosity, in which a casting belt made of an alloy with a higher Thermal conductivity would otherwise cause the metallurgical center (area of residual solidification) in the cast sliver to shift towards the surface of the strip.
  • the surface-sensitive grades include, in particular, alloys with an Al content of less than 0.8% by weight and a solidification interval of greater than 30 ° C., as well as steels with a high C and high Si content.
  • the casting belt is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 35 W / mK (at 40 ° C) and a casting belt thickness of 0, to reduce and delay the downward heat dissipation, at least in the area of an upper side facing the solidifying pre-strip. 5 to 3 mm.
  • Stainless steels, steels with a high Cr content and FeNi alloys are particularly suitable as materials.
  • the low expansion coefficients of, for example, FeNi alloys, which additionally counteract buckling of the pre-strip, are particularly advantageous.
  • the dense oxide layer especially Cr 2 O 3 ) improves the separation behavior between the cast strip and the cast pre-strip.
  • the casting belt is made of several materials, the casting belt in particular in the edge regions in each case up to a maximum of 25 cm from the edges viewed from another
  • the casting belt can be constructed in such a way that materials with different thermal conductivities are used in a targeted manner in order to influence the local cooling conditions.
  • the difference in thermal conductivity should be at least 20%.
  • Aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys with a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm are particularly suitable as materials in the middle of the strip.
  • materials made of micro-alloyed structural steel or stainless steel with a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm are advantageous.
  • the casting belt has a varying thickness over the belt width.
  • the edge areas have a thickness that is at least 10% different from the center, and the transition between the areas of different thicknesses can take place both gradually and preferably continuously. This optimizes the heat dissipation.
  • a casting belt with different material thicknesses between the central area and the edge area is used in conjunction with stainless steels or FeNi alloys with a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • the material is selected to be at least 10% thicker in the edge areas than in the central areas. This has the effect of reducing the heat dissipation.
  • the casting belt consists of a microalloyed structural steel in the middle area and of a high Cr-containing steel or stainless steel in the edge area.
  • the reduced thermal conductivity of the edge area of the casting belt advantageously reduces the heat dissipation, as a result of which an undesirably rapid cooling of the edge areas is avoided.
  • the casting belt is completely or partially provided with a coating which preferably contains BN, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 or AlN.
  • the layer thickness is chosen so that heat transfer is reduced by at least 5%. This reduces heat transfer from the cast pre-strip to the cast strip.
  • the reduced heat dissipation leads to a reduction in strip warpage (for example the known U-shape) of the pre-strip produced.
  • This belt warping is caused, among other things, by excessive local heat dissipation in the area of the belt edges.
  • hot strip or sheet material in the desired thickness of 6 to 25 mm (measured in the middle of the strip) with good geometry and an improved surface can be produced from high-manganese or high-aluminum or high-silicon lightweight steels or other high or low-alloy steel.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic side view of a horizontal strip casting system 1 shown essentially consists of a melting vessel 2, a casting nozzle 3, a casting belt 4 and a housing 5.
  • Liquid melt S in particular metal melt
  • the endless casting belt 4 runs in a casting direction G around a front deflection roller 4a and a rear deflection roller 4b spaced therefrom in the casting direction G and conveys the solidifying pre-strip V in the casting direction G. on which the sliver V solidifies, and divide a lower strand 4d between the front and rear deflection rollers 4a, 4b.
  • a strand 4c, 4d is understood to mean that part of the casting belt 4 extending between the deflection rollers 4a, 4b.
  • the casting belt 4 runs essentially horizontally in the area of the upper run 4c and is cooled from below in the area of the upper run 4c by means of a cooling device 7 which covers almost the entire upper run 4c with the exception of short areas at the transition to the deflection rollers 4a, 4b acted upon by coolant, preferably water.
  • coolant preferably water.
  • side delimitation elements which are usually present and extend in the casting direction G for the sliver V solidifying on the upper run 4c are not shown.
  • the housing 5 of the horizontal strip caster 1 encloses the solidifying sliver V in an area between the casting nozzle 3 and an outlet 5b for the solidified sliver V from the housing 5.
  • the housing 5 is provided in the usual way to the melt S in a reducing atmosphere , an oxidizing atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere or a casting atmosphere, which is adapted to the chemical composition of the melt, to cast and to solidify to the pre-strip V.
  • a gas feed line 5c and a gas discharge line 5d are connected to the housing 5 in the area of an upper and essentially horizontally extending ceiling element 5a of the housing 5.
  • the gas supply line 5c is located in the area of the outlet 5b and the gas discharge line 5d in the area of the casting nozzle, so that the gas flows against the casting direction G in countercurrent to the solidifying pre-strip V or vice versa.
  • Such horizontal strip casting systems 1 are particularly suitable for the production of near-net-shape pre-strip with strip thicknesses in the range from 6 to 25 mm (measured in the middle of the strip) from high-manganese or high-aluminum or high-silicon lightweight steels, electrical sheets or other high or low-alloy steel.
  • the Figure 2a shows a structured surface of an upper side 4e of the casting belt 4 of the belt casting installation 1 in a first embodiment.
  • This surface is provided with teardrop-shaped patterns 7, 8 with a depth or height of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations.
  • teardrop-shaped patterns 7, 8 with a depth or height of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations.
  • a first pattern 7 in a central area M on the surface of the casting belt 4 differs from a second pattern 8 of the surface of the casting belt 4 in the edge regions R laterally adjoining the central region M a width of up to a maximum of 25 cm - measured from the edge of the casting belt 4 - on.
  • the second pattern 8 leads to a changed heat transfer, in particular to a reduced heat transfer in the edge areas R, compared to the central area M.
  • the embossments or elevations opposite, elevations or embossings with essentially the same shape can be found in the opposite way. In this manufacturing process, there may be deviations between the shape of the embossments or elevations on the top and bottom in order to obtain the desired shape on the top.
  • FIG Figure 2b Another embodiment of the structured surface of the upper side 4e of the casting belt 4 is shown in FIG Figure 2b , in which a double-arranged teardrop-shaped pattern 7, 8 - a so-called. Duet pattern - with a depth or height of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations.
  • the further configuration is comparable to that previously Figure 2a described.
  • the Figure 2c shows yet another embodiment of a structured surface of the upper side 4e of the casting belt 4, which is provided with a pattern 7, 8 of laterally adjoining pyramids with a square base with a depth or height of 0.075 to 0.8 mm in the sense of embossments or elevations is.
  • the further configuration is comparable to that previously Figure 2a described.
  • teardrop-shaped and pyramidal patterns surface structures with other types of teardrop and pyramid patterns and / or with diamond, honeycomb, beading, knob or dot patterns are also conceivable.
  • trigonal-pyramidal to hexagonal-pyramidal patterns and / or also truncated pyramidal patterns can be selected.
  • Transverse beads and elliptical knobs have a ratio of major to minor axis of 1.8 to 4.8 and are arranged at an angle of 30 to 90 ° to the casting direction G or at right angles to one another or alternately.
  • both an ordered and a purely random, statistical arrangement of the patterns is possible.
  • a 20 to 75% higher embossing depth of the pattern 7 of the structured surface of the casting belt 4 in edge areas R is possible, whereby a lifting of the solidifying pre-strip V in the edge area R during the casting process takes place and thereby the heat transfer in the edge area R is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation destinée à la coulée horizontale en bande d'une amorce de démarrage (V) en métal, qui comprend une bande de coulée (4) présentant une zone médiane (M) et des zones marginales (R) qui s'y raccordent dans la direction latérale ; dans laquelle la bande de coulée (4) est équipée d'une structure superficielle dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, structure que l'on obtient via une transformation, par l'intermédiaire d'un emboutissage profond, de la bande de coulée (4), caractérisée
    en ce que la structure superficielle dans la zone médiane (M) est différente de la structure superficielle dans la zone marginale (R) ; et
    en ce que la bande de coulée (4) présente, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e), dans les zones marginales (R), qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, un autre modèle et une profondeur d'emboutissage de la structure supérieure à concurrence de 20 à 75 %, lorsqu'on regarde respectivement jusqu'à une distance maximale de 25 cm à partir du bord dans la direction du milieu de la bande.
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4) est munie d'une structure superficielle, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage qui doit être solidifiée, et la structure superficielle présente de manière préférentielle un modèle en forme de larmes, en forme de pyramides, en forme de losanges, en forme de nervures ou en forme de points, dont la profondeur se situe entre 0,0 75 et 0,8 mm dans le sens d'estampages ou de protubérances.
  3. Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que, suite à la fabrication de la bande de coulée (4) par l'intermédiaire d'une déformation par emboutissage profond, des protubérances ou des estampages sont disposés sur un côté inférieur de la bande de coulée (4) qui sont disposés face aux estampages ou aux protubérances sur le côté supérieur (4e) de la bande de coulée (4).
  4. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée est fabriquée, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage qui doit être solidifiée, à partir d'un matériau qui possède une conductibilité thermique qui est supérieure à 90 W/mK (à 40 °C).
  5. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée est fabriquée, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage qui doit être solidifiée, à partir d'un matériau qui possède une conductibilité thermique qui est supérieure à 100 W/mK (à 40 °C).
  6. Installation selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que le matériau représente l'aluminium, un alliage à base d'aluminium, le cuivre ou un alliage à base de cuivre.
  7. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4) est fabriquée, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, à partir d'un matériau qui possède une conductibilité thermique qui est inférieure à 35 W/mK (à 40 °C).
  8. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le matériau représente un acier inoxydable, un acier possédant une teneur élevée en chrome ou un alliage de fer et de nickel.
  9. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4), au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, est fabriquée à partir de plusieurs matériaux ; dans laquelle la bande de coulée est constituée, dans les zones marginales (R), lorsqu'on regarde respectivement jusqu'à une distance maximale de 25 cm par rapport aux bords, d'un autre matériau qui possède une conductibilité thermique différente à concurrence d'au moins 20 %, par rapport à celle en vigueur dans la zone médiane de la bande de coulée (4).
  10. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4), au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, présente, sur la largeur de la bande, une épaisseur qui varie, et les zones marginales (R) présentent une épaisseur qui est différente à concurrence d'au moins 10 % par rapport à celle en vigueur dans les zones médianes (M) et la transition entre les zones d'épaisseurs différentes a lieu aussi bien par paliers qu'en continu.
  11. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4) présente des épaisseurs de matériaux différentes entre la zone médiane (M) et la zone marginale (R) en liaison avec des aciers inoxydables ou des alliages à base de fer et de nickel, et le matériau qui est présent dans les zones marginales (R) est sélectionné pour posséder une épaisseur supérieure à concurrence de 10 % par rapport à celle en vigueur dans les zones médianes.
  12. Installation selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la bande de coulée (4) est munie d'une enduction, au moins dans la zone d'un côté supérieur (4e) qui est tourné vers l'amorce de démarrage (V) qui doit être solidifiée, de manière complète ou de manière partielle, ladite enduction contenant du BN, du ZrO2, du TiO2, du Al2O3 ou du AlN.
EP18161095.7A 2017-03-15 2018-03-09 Installation horizontale de coulée en bande à bande de coulée optimisée Active EP3375544B1 (fr)

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DE102017105570.3A DE102017105570A1 (de) 2017-03-15 2017-03-15 Horizontale Bandgießanlage mit optimiertem Gießband

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EP3375544B1 true EP3375544B1 (fr) 2021-11-24

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WO2023039365A1 (fr) * 2021-09-07 2023-03-16 Novelis Inc. Systèmes et procédés de production de moules de coulée texturés d'une machine de coulée à courroie continue

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