Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
  • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
  • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
  • F01N3/0293—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
  • B01D46/80—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning
  • B01D46/82—Chemical processes for the removal of the retained particles, e.g. by burning with catalysts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
  • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
  • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
  • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
  • B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
  • B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
  • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
  • B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
  • B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
  • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
  • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
  • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
  • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
  • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
  • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
  • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
  • F01N3/2896—Liquid catalyst carrier
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/20—Reductants
  • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/20—Reductants
  • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
  • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/20—Reductants
  • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
  • B01D2251/2065—Ammonium hydroxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/20—Reductants
  • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
  • B01D2251/2067—Urea
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/20—Reductants
  • B01D2251/21—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2251/206 or B01D2251/208
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
  • B01D2251/302—Alkali metal compounds of lithium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
  • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
  • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/80—Organic bases or salts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
  • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
  • B01D2255/906—Catalyst dispersed in the gas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
  • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
  • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
  • F01N2610/01—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being catalytic material in liquid form
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
  • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
  • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention describes a unique fluid for automotive pollution control, enabling two distinct operations to be carried out: the selective catalytic reduction of NOx using Selective Catalytic Reduction technology, commonly referred to by its English name Selective Catalytic Reduction, or by the acronym SCR, as well as the aid for the regeneration of the particulate filter (DPF), this regeneration aid being able to be manifested either by the promotion of the continuous regeneration of the particle filter, or by the acceleration of the combustion of the soot during active regeneration phases of the FAP, either by a combination of these two advantages.
• the fluid according to the invention has a homogeneous appearance and exhibits stability characteristics over time, or during variations in temperature or pH.
• the present invention describes different modes of obtaining the fluid as well as the mode of use of this fluid.
• AdBlue ® (or AUS32 or DEF or ARLA32) is a 32.5% by weight urea solution in pure water, which is used for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides as part of the technology. SCR for road and non-road applications.
• Eolys Powerflex ® , Infineum F7995 ® or Tenneco Walker ® are additives consisting of an organic colloidal dispersion of metal particles in a mixture hydrocarbons (described for the Eolys in the texts FR 2833862 and FR 2969653 Bl) intended to assist the regeneration of the FAP and allow oxidation of soot at a lower temperature.
• the present invention describes a fluid for the depollution of heat engines, in particular diesel engines, making it possible to carry out both the selective catalytic reduction of the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas (so-called SCR function), as well as the assistance to the regeneration of the particulate filter (FAP) by catalytic combustion of soot particles deposited in the particulate filter (so-called FAP regeneration aid function), this regeneration aid being able to be manifested either by the promotion of the regeneration continuous particle filter, either by accelerating the combustion of soot during active regeneration phases of FAP, or a combination of these two advantages.
• SCR function selective catalytic reduction of the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas
• FAP regeneration aid function catalytic combustion of soot particles deposited in the particulate filter
• soot oxidation catalyst differs from the previously cited prior art in that it is injected directly into the exhaust thus not passing through the combustion chamber of the engine.
• the injection of the fluid according to the invention is triggered by the engine computer to meet a need to have the necessary amount of ammonia on the SCR catalyst to operate the effective reduction of NOx.
• the injections are carried out regularly, in a period typically between a few milliseconds and a few tens of seconds depending on the operating conditions of the engine, which allows to promote a homogeneous mixture of the catalyst with the soot and to ensure an intimate contact between soot and catalyst.
• the fact of injecting the fluid according to the invention makes it possible either to promote the phenomenon of continuous regeneration of the particulate filter and thus to space the active regeneration periods of the FAP, ie to accelerate the combustion of the soot during active regeneration phases of the FAP, making it possible to limit the fuel consumption relative to this phase and / or to maximize the chances of burning a large soot mass when the conditions temperature and gas composition at the exhaust are favorable to this active regeneration, a combination of these two advantages.
• the fluid according to the invention is made from a stable mixture of two products immiscible with each other, namely on the one hand an aqueous solution of at least one reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent such as urea, and on the other hand a dispersion of one or more metal oxides in a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons.
• a reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent such as urea
• a dispersion of one or more metal oxides in a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons a dispersion of one or more metal oxides in a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons.
• the fluid according to the invention consists of a solution of homogeneous appearance of at least one reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent, a dispersion of metal oxides, and a surfactant or a mixture surfactants for the manufacture and stabilization of a direct emulsion of the oil-in-water type.
• the metal (s) making up the metal oxide (s) are chosen from the following metals: Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, Ti, V, Sr, Pt, Ce, Ca, Li, Na, Nb.
• the metals are chosen from the following list: Fe, Ce, Cu, Sr.
• the dispersion of metal oxides is in the form of a dispersion of one or more iron oxides in an Eolys Powerflex® type hydrocarbon mixture.
• the reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent in solution in pure water is selected from urea, ammonia, formamide, and ammonium salts, especially ammonium formate, ammonium carbamate, guanidine salts, especially guanidinium formate.
• the concentration of metal oxide or metal oxides in the emulsion produced by means of the surfactant (s) with the reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent is between 10 and 10,000 ppm, preferably between 10 and 5000 ppm. and in a preferred manner between 10 and 2000 ppm.
• HLB hydrophilic / lipophilic balance
• the HLB classification is established by the ratio between the fatty chain and the water-soluble group and varies between 0 (completely lipophilic) and 20 (completely hydrophilic).
• nonionic surfactants will be used.
• the surfactants are chosen from any commercial formulation or any mixture made from chemical families such as ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated sorbitan esters (such as Tween® and Span® from CRODA), ethylene oxide copolymer blocks ( EO) / propylene oxide (OP) (such as Synperonic®PEL from CRODA), alcohols or ethoxylated fatty acids (such as Simulsol® ox from SEPPIC or Solvay's Rhodasurf®), ethoxylated fatty acid esters (such as CRODA's Atlas®), ethoxylated octylphenols (such as Union Carbide TRITON® X), alkylpolyglucosides or APGs (such as Simulsol SL® from SEPPIC and Plantacare 2000 UP® from BASF) alone or as a mixture.
• chemical families such as ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated sorbitan esters (such as T
• the reducing compound (s) or the precursor (s) of a reducing agent is urea at 32.5 ⁇ 0.7% by weight in solution in demineralised water or pure water, meeting the specifications of ISO 22241
• the solution containing the reducing compound (s) or the precursor (s) of a reducing agent of the reducing compound is prepared from a product meeting the specifications of the ISO 22241 standard, for example commercial products AdBlue®, DEF, AUS32 or ARLA32.
• the solution containing the reducing compound (s) or the precursor (s) of a reducing agent is prepared from a product that complies with the physical and chemical characteristics of the ISO 22241-1 standard, for example the commercial product Diaxol®.
• Adblue® will be used to refer to the following products: Adblue®, DEF, AUS32, ARLA32 or Diaxol®.
• the fluid for the depollution of heat engines according to the invention preferably remains stable in a temperature range of -11 to + 60 ° C.
• the fluid for the depollution of heat engines has good stability with respect to light.
• the present invention also relates to different embodiments of the fluid for the depollution of heat engines.
• a surfactant is added to a solution of at least one reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent, and then the dispersion of metal oxides which is emulsified by means of a system is added. suitable mixture, and then diluted with a solution addition of at least one reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent to achieve the desired metal oxide content.
• a surfactant is added in a solution of at least one reducing compound or precursor of a reducing agent, and then the dispersion of metal oxides is added. emulsion by means of a suitable mixing system so as to obtain directly the desired metal oxide content.
• the present invention also relates to the use of the depollution fluid in a diesel-type internal combustion engine, the injection of said fluid being carried out upstream of the exhaust gas treatment systems SCR and FAP, (or the single treatment system when grouped into a single module), and being operated regularly according to the operating conditions of the engine.
• the invention consists of a multifunctional fluid for the depollution of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
• the multifunctional fluid according to the invention promotes either the continuous regeneration of the particulate filter or the combustion of soot during the active regeneration phases of the FAP, or allows a combination of these two advantages.
• This fluid consists essentially of an emulsion between a dispersion of one or more metal oxides in a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons on the one hand, and an aqueous solution containing at least one reducing agent or at least one agent precursor NOx reducer on the other hand.
• Said emulsion is made possible by the presence of one or more surfactants.
• the fluid thus obtained makes it possible to concomitantly perform two functions necessary for the depollution of the thermal engines, more particularly of the diesel engine, the reduction catalytic selective NOx and aid in the oxidation of particles trapped in the FAP by catalytic combustion.
• the production of the fluid according to the invention leads to an emulsion which has stability characteristics over time, up to a temperature of 60.degree.
• the fluid according to the invention can be made from a commercial solution of AdBlue ® according to ISO 22241 specifications.
• An important advantage of the fluid according to the invention lies in the fact that it combines the two functions of decontamination of engine emissions in a single fluid.
• One of the other advantages of the invention is not to substantially modify the density, viscosity and retention properties of the AdBlue ® solution, which means in practice that no modification of the AdBlue injection system ® in the engine is necessary in order to benefit from the advantages of the invention.
• the principle of the invention is to combine in a single fluid on the one hand a reducing agent or reducing agent precursor, such as urea, which will act as a reducing agent, or as a reducing agent precursor such as ammonia, and secondly a dispersion of metal oxides which, in the exhaust line under the effect of the temperature and the residual oxygen of the exhaust gas, will put soot in contact with a the compound lowers their oxidation temperature, which has the effect of aiding in the continuous oxidation of the filtered soot and reducing the energy cost of active regeneration of the filter when it is necessary.
• Another effect of the metal oxides is to increase the rate of oxidation of soot by a catalytic process and thus regenerate the FAP in a reduced time.
• the simplest is to modify a commercial solution of AdBlue ® or to make a solution of urea according to ISO 22241 specifications, or even to use another reducing compound such as ammonia for example.
• Surfactants are numerous. They can be dissociated into cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants.
• the emulsification (that is to say the process of dispersion of oil in water) can be carried out by any appropriate means using any batch dynamic mixer or continuous known to those skilled in the art .
• Devices of this type are, for example, rotor and stator mixers (for example those marketed by Rayneri under the brand name Ultramix®), colloid mills, high-pressure homogenizers or ultrasound devices.
• rotor and stator mixers for example those marketed by Rayneri under the brand name Ultramix®
• colloid mills for example those marketed by Rayneri under the brand name Ultramix®
• high-pressure homogenizers for example, high-pressure homogenizers or ultrasound devices.
• the content of metal oxides in the final composition of the fluid according to the invention may be between 1 and 10,000 ppm, preferably between 1 and 5000 ppm, and more preferably between 10 and 2000 ppm.
• the reduction of the metal content makes it possible to limit the accumulation of metallic ash in the FAP.
• the fluid as described in the present invention is stable over time.
• the action of light does not alter the stability of the emulsion, and the conditions of crystallization and stability of urea are not affected.
• the inventive nature of the invention lies in the judicious selection of the components of the formulation. It is not easy to produce a stable emulsion between, on the one hand, a dispersion of metal oxides in one or more hydrocarbons, and, on the other hand, an aqueous solution of urea. Indeed, of course, these two phases, one aqueous, the other oily, are immiscible.
• the fluid can be prepared at room temperature or at a temperature below 60 ° C. When the fluid has two distinct phases, it does not meet the specifications.
• the fluid is produced as follows: 51 g of AdBlue ® are introduced into a 150 cm glass flask, a mass of surfactant of 1.5 grams is added and dispersed by means of a manual stirrer. Then introduced 3 g of Eolys Powerflex ® is dispersed using a laboratory mixer provided with a blade adapted to the formation of an emulsion. After stirring for 5 minutes at room temperature, the appearance of the fluid is evaluated.
• the fluid is produced as follows: 100 g of AdBlue ® are added to a 250 cm glass flask and a mass of 1 gram surfactant is added and dispersed by means of a manual stirrer. Then added 2 g of Eolys Powerflex ® is dispersed using a laboratory mixer provided with a blade adapted to the formation of an emulsion. After stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature, the appearance of the fluid obtained is evaluated.
• Example 4 does not satisfy the invention because they lead to a heterogeneous fluid.
• Example 5 satisfies the criteria of the invention.
• Table 3 Evaluation of the characteristics of different fluids according to the invention at a temperature close to that of crystallization of AdBlue

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-11-13 FR FR1560908A patent/FR3043570B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-10-20 KR KR1020187016166A patent/KR20180081567A/ko unknown
  • 2016-10-20 WO PCT/EP2016/075196 patent/WO2017080777A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-10-20 US US15/775,461 patent/US10774709B2/en active Active
  • 2016-10-20 EP EP16784197.2A patent/EP3374062A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-10-20 CN CN201680066479.6A patent/CN108290114A/zh active Pending

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