EP3361152B1 - Four à biomasse - Google Patents

Four à biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3361152B1
EP3361152B1 EP18155845.3A EP18155845A EP3361152B1 EP 3361152 B1 EP3361152 B1 EP 3361152B1 EP 18155845 A EP18155845 A EP 18155845A EP 3361152 B1 EP3361152 B1 EP 3361152B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue gas
combustion chamber
biomass furnace
biomass
flap
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EP18155845.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3361152A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Stefan Riener
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/189—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers 
    • F24B1/1895—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers  flue-gas control dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/005—Flue-gas ducts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a biomass furnace.
  • heating devices e.g. B. furnaces (biomass furnaces), which use biomass as fuel, e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like.
  • biomass e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like.
  • Such heating devices in particular log stoves, have a combustion chamber which is accessible via a combustion chamber door and through which fuel is poured into the combustion chamber.
  • flue gas can escape from the combustion chamber if, for example, the combustion chamber door is opened to refill fuel.
  • stoves typically have a viewing window in the firebox door, whereas the rest of the firebox is opaque. As a result, a view of a fire in the combustion chamber is limited and not possible from all directions.
  • WO 2010/053359 A2 discloses a wood-burning stove according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • the known wood-burning stove contains several air supply openings which are arranged laterally in the bottom area of the combustion chamber and which suck in the combustion air laterally and feed it into the combustion chamber.
  • a flue gas collecting area is arranged above the combustion chamber and communicates via a flap with a flue gas nozzle for discharging the flue gases. When the flap is closed, the flue gases are led down a short distance on the outer wall of the combustion chamber and, after a change of direction, up into the flue gas collection area.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved biomass furnace.
  • the present invention provides a biomass furnace according to the subject matter of independent claim 1.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a biomass furnace 1 according to the present invention is illustrated. Before a detailed description, general explanations of the exemplary embodiments follow.
  • biomass stoves are typically set up permanently so that the fire can only be seen through the combustion chamber door from a fixed position or direction.
  • the exemplary embodiments relate to a biomass furnace, in particular a pellet stove, log stove or pellet / log combination stove, which comprises a combustion chamber with a bottom, an air supply which is arranged in the floor area of the combustion chamber, a flue gas collecting area which is arranged above the combustion chamber and a flue gas duct, the flue gas from the combustion chamber downwards and after a change of direction leads up into the flue gas collection area.
  • a biomass furnace in particular a pellet stove, log stove or pellet / log combination stove, which comprises a combustion chamber with a bottom, an air supply which is arranged in the floor area of the combustion chamber, a flue gas collecting area which is arranged above the combustion chamber and a flue gas duct, the flue gas from the combustion chamber downwards and after a change of direction leads up into the flue gas collection area.
  • the biomass furnace is designed for the combustion of (solid) biomass, such as, for example, logs or pellets, but also wood chips and the like.
  • the biomass stove can be designed as a log stove, fireplace, pellet stove, wood boiler, a combination or the like.
  • the biomass furnace can comprise a combustion chamber door through which the combustion chamber is filled with solid biomass and / or through which the combustion chamber is cleaned.
  • the biomass furnace also has an automatic fuel supply and the combustion chamber door is only opened, for example, for cleaning for maintenance and / or for lighting fuel.
  • the pellet stove can comprise a pellet container, which can also be integrated directly into the biomass stove.
  • the air supply can direct primary air into the combustion chamber.
  • the floor area of the firebox can comprise the floor itself, but also sections of the side walls which are arranged in the vicinity of the floor.
  • the bottom area of the combustion chamber is limited at the top, for example by a grate or the like, on which a fuel (logs, pellets, etc.) or a brazier is arranged.
  • the air supply can also be arranged directly on the floor (or its underside) of the combustion chamber and can, for example, have a flange or the like which is attached directly to the floor of the combustion chamber.
  • the air supply can also be provided indirectly on the floor or in the floor area of the furnace, for example in a housing section or the like of the biomass furnace.
  • the flue gas collection area can be a pipe section, a chamber or the like be executed.
  • the flue gas collection area can be arranged directly on the furnace, or above it at a certain distance from the furnace.
  • the flue gas collection area can also be provided with heat conducting plates, ribs or the like in order to provide a (large) surface for radiating heat.
  • the flue gas collection area is coupled to the chimney so that flue gas can flow from the flue gas collection area into the chimney.
  • the flue gas can be collected in the flue gas collection area so that it can give off heat and oxidize further.
  • the flue gas duct guides or guides flue gas from the combustion chamber downwards and, after a change of direction, upwards into the flue gas collection area.
  • the flue gas On the way of the flue gas downwards, i.e. in the direction of gravity, the flue gas is directed against the convection direction, which typically runs from bottom to top.
  • a long path can be provided for the flue gas so that the flue gas has sufficient time to give off heat and to oxidize. Consequently, in some exemplary embodiments, heat conducting plates, ribs or the like are also provided on the flue gas duct in order to enlarge the heat radiation area.
  • the flue gas duct can be arranged directly on the combustion chamber or also remotely from the combustion chamber.
  • the flue gas duct and / or the flue gas collection area are thermally removed from a fuel container, e.g. Pellet container, decoupled. This can counteract excessive heating of the fuel.
  • a fuel container e.g. Pellet container
  • the biomass furnace comprises a flue gas bypass that couples the flue gas collecting area and the furnace.
  • the flue gas bypass can consequently, bypassing the flue gas duct, direct flue gas that is produced during combustion in the combustion chamber directly through the flue gas bypass into the flue gas collection area. This can be useful if, for example, the combustion chamber door is opened in order to refill fuel, for example.
  • the chimney draft required because the flue gas is directed against the convection direction is not sufficient to bring the flue gas into the flue gas collection area respectively.
  • a flue gas fan can be provided to generate the negative pressure.
  • flue gas can collect in the combustion chamber and thus, for example, make an ignition process more difficult or it can escape to the outside when the combustion chamber door is open.
  • the flue gas bypass is open, the natural chimney draft acts in the combustion chamber and, due to the resulting convection, the flue gas can flow through the flue gas bypass (e.g. directly) into the flue gas collection area and from there into the chimney.
  • an open flue gas bypass makes it possible to operate the biomass furnace without electricity.
  • the biomass furnace comprises an interruption device which is set up to optionally guide flue gas through the flue gas duct or the flue gas bypass.
  • the interruption device consequently has at least two states, namely one in which it enables the flue gas bypass and one in which it blocks the flue gas bypass for flue gas.
  • the interruption device can have a flue gas flap and the interruption device can be configured to automatically guide the flue gas either through the flue gas duct or the flue gas bypass.
  • the flue gas flap can be designed as a refueling and / or heating flap which (automatically) guides the flue gas (directly) into the flue gas collection area when heating or adding fuel, in order to prevent flue gas from escaping when the combustion chamber door is opened.
  • the flue gas flap can, for example, be mounted on a rotatable shaft or the like and held by a holding device of the interruption device.
  • the interruption device can be designed so that the holding device holds the flue gas flap in a closed operating position, e.g. B.
  • the holding device can release the flue gas flap so that the flue gas flap, for. B. is moved into an open operating position due to gravity.
  • the flue gas bypass is blocked in the closed operating position, whereas the flue gas bypass is continuous in the open operating position. If the flue gas flap is held in the closed position against gravity, the flue gas flap can automatically fall into the open operating position in some exemplary embodiments due to the force of gravity, which can also happen, for example, in the event of a power failure or a defect, for example a component of the biomass furnace.
  • the interruption device can be designed so that flue gas (directly) is routed into the flue gas collection area if there is a power failure or a defect.
  • the flue gas flap is moved (exclusively) mechanically and / or manually, for example by means of a crank or a lever, from the open to the closed operating position.
  • the flue gas flap in some embodiments falls from the closed operating position into the open operating position due to its own weight or the force of gravity acting on it, a quick and easy opening of the flue gas flap is possible and no separate mechanism is required to actively remove the flue gas flap the closed to the open operating position.
  • the opening can, for example, also be supported by a spring force.
  • the holding device can be designed so that it can be triggered mechanically and / or electrically in order to release the flue gas flap.
  • the release of the holding device can also be coupled with the opening of a combustion chamber door of the biomass furnace.
  • the holding device can have an electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet generates a magnetic field which is designed in such a way that it holds the flue gas flap in the closed operating position.
  • the flue gas flap can have a metallic or magnetic section which is in contact with the electromagnet when the flue gas flap is in the closed operating position. If the electromagnet is de-energized, the holding device releases the flue gas flap so that it falls from the closed operating position into the open operating position. In this way, even in the event of a power failure (no flue gas blower support), a safe burn-up in the biomass furnace is guaranteed, since the flue gas extraction is significantly improved in the open operating position.
  • the holding device can have a spring-preloaded lock.
  • the flue gas flap can then be designed accordingly to intervene in the spring-preloaded lock, for example by means of a hook or bolt, in the closed operating position.
  • the holding device can release the flue gas flap by the lock releases the hook, the bolt or the like.
  • the interruption device further comprises a drive which is set up to move the flue gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position.
  • the drive can be designed mechanically and can be actuated, for example, by a lever or a crank or the like.
  • the drive can also be designed to be electrically operated and z. B. comprise an electric motor.
  • the drive can be coupled to the rotatable shaft via a mechanical coupling.
  • the drive itself can have a drive shaft so that the mechanical coupling couples the drive shaft and the rotatable shaft to one another.
  • the drive or the drive shaft is not rigidly coupled to the rotatable shaft in some exemplary embodiments.
  • the mechanical coupling can be designed to decouple the drive from the rotatable shaft when the flue gas flap is in the closed operating position. As a result, the drive can be moved back into a starting position so that it is ready for operation again. The flue gas flap can move again from the closed operating position to the open operating position and then be moved again with the aid of the drive from the open to the closed operating position.
  • the drive can be designed so that it can only be rotated in one direction and consequently only drives the rotatable shaft in one direction.
  • the mechanical coupling is then designed in such a way that it couples the drive to the rotatable shaft until the flue gas flap is moved from its open operating position to the closed operating position. Then the mechanical coupling decouples the rotatable shaft from the drive or from its drive shaft and the drive can continue to be rotated in its specified direction of rotation until it is back in its starting position in which the mechanical coupling again connects the drive or its drive shaft with the rotatable Shaft couples.
  • the drive can be designed to be rotatable in two directions.
  • the drive or a control that operates the drive detects that the flue gas damper is in the closed operating position and stops the drive. Then the drive is moved back to its starting position, in which it is able to move the flue gas flap again from the open to the closed operating position.
  • the mechanical coupling can decouple the drive or its drive shaft from the rotatable shaft until the drive is again in the starting position.
  • the holding device retains it, as described above, e.g. the electromagnet is operated, a hook, bolt or the like engages in the spring-loaded lock or another locking means that holds the flue gas flap in place.
  • the biomass furnace comprises a control which is set up to control the interruption device after a predetermined period of time in such a way that it moves the flue gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position.
  • the controller can have a microprocessor which is set up to carry out the steps described herein and which also has a volatile and / or read-only memory for storing data, such as the predetermined period of time.
  • control activates the interruption device after the predetermined period of time to move the flue gas flap from the open operating position to the closed operating position, it is not possible to forget to close the flue gas flap again.
  • the flue gas flap can have a filter insert which is designed to filter pollutants from flue gas flowing through it and / or to oxidize them catalytically. Flue gas flows through the filter insert when the flue gas flap is in the closed operating position.
  • the air supply is rotatably coupled to the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber can be rotated.
  • the entire biomass furnace can also be rotated, including the combustion chamber, flue gas collection area and flue gas duct.
  • the air supply can have a two-part section, the first part with is rotatably coupled to the second part of the two-part section.
  • the first or second part can be firmly connected to the firebox in the floor area, for example to the floor of the firebox.
  • the other part can, for example, be firmly connected to the floor of the installation site so that the furnace or the biomass furnace is rotatably mounted. Accordingly, a user can turn the furnace or the entire biomass furnace into a desired position.
  • the air supply is arranged centered on the floor of the furnace.
  • the air supply can, however, also be arranged at another point at which, for example, an axis of symmetry or the center of gravity of the furnace or the biomass furnace runs, in order to achieve, for example, a uniform weight distribution.
  • the biomass furnace further comprises a two-part flue gas connector, the first part being rotatably coupled to the second part of the two-part flue gas connector.
  • the smoke gas nozzle or the first or second part of the two-part smoke gas nozzle can be arranged on the smoke gas collecting area. This allows the combustion chamber with the flue gas collection area to be rotated with the flue gas duct.
  • the air supply and the flue gas nozzle lie on a common axis, which then also forms an axis of rotation for the combustion chamber or the biomass furnace.
  • the axis of rotation can be arranged on an axis of symmetry or the center of gravity of the combustion chamber or the bio-mass oven.
  • the two-part section of the air supply and / or the two-part flue gas nozzle can be made of cast iron or the like, for example, and each have a flat surface on which the first and second part of the section of the air supply or the smoke gas nozzle slide and can thus be rotated against each other.
  • a ball bearing, ball ring or other type of mounting is provided between the first and second part of the section of the air supply or of the flue gas connector in order to effect the rotatability with respect to one another.
  • a corresponding sealing material, a circumferential sealing collar or the like can be provided for sealing between the first and second part of the section of the air supply or the flue gas connector. A design without additional sealing material is also possible.
  • Fig. 1 is there a first embodiment of a biomass furnace, shown schematically, wherein the biomass furnace can specifically be designed as a pellet furnace, logs, pellet-log combination furnace or the like.
  • the biomass furnace 1 has a combustion chamber 2, with an air inlet connection 3 on the floor for the air supply and a flue gas duct 4, which opens into a flue gas collecting area 5 above the combustion chamber 2.
  • the flue gas duct 4 is connected to the interior of the combustion chamber 2 via a connection 6 in an upper region of the combustion chamber 2, so that the flue gas from the interior of the combustion chamber 2 enters the flue gas duct 4.
  • the flue gas duct 4 extends parallel to and at a distance from a side wall of the combustion chamber 2 over the entire height of the combustion chamber 2, i. H. up to the flue gas collection area 5 and down to the floor of the furnace 2.
  • the flue gas duct 4 has a partition 4a in the middle which divides the flue gas duct 4 into two channels 4b, c, a first channel 4b being connected to the connection 6 and the other, second channel 4c being connected to the flue gas collecting area 5.
  • the flue gas that enters the first channel 4b of the flue gas duct 4 through the connection 6 is initially directed downwards against the direction of convection, is deflected by 180 ° at the lower end, enters the second channel 4c and flows in the direction of the convection direction above in the flue gas collecting area 5 (see also arrows and dashed line).
  • the flue gas collecting area 5 has a flue gas connector 7 which is arranged on an axis common to the supply air connector 3.
  • the supply air connection 3 and the flue gas connection 7 can, as also stated above, be designed in two parts.
  • the supply air connection 3 has a first part 3a, which is connected to the floor of the furnace 2, and a second part 3b which is rotatably mounted to the first part 3a and which can be fixed to the floor at an installation site of the biomass furnace 1.
  • the flue gas nozzle 7 has a first part 7a which is connected to an upper side of the flue gas collecting area 5 and a second part 7b which is rotatably connected to the first part 7a.
  • the second part 7b can be attached to a chimney pipe or a chimney connection, for example.
  • the rotatable mounting between the parts 3a and 3b or 7a and 7b can, as stated above, be provided by flat surfaces, ball bearings or the like, the sealing from the outside, e.g. by a sealing collar or the like in the joint area of the parts 3a and 3b or 7a and 7b can be effected.
  • the entire biomass furnace 1 can be rotated into a desired position about a vertical axis of rotation.
  • the air inlet connector 3 can be designed in such a way that it bears the total weight of the biomass furnace 2.
  • Figure 2 shows cross-sections of four different biomass stoves, in each of which the supply air / flue gas nozzle is located at a different point, namely centered or off-center, with the supply air and flue gas nozzle lying on a common axis around which the biomass stove can then be rotated (the axis goes in each case vertically through the paper plane of the figures, in each case through the middle of the small circles that mark the supply air / flue gas nozzle positions).
  • the cross-sections illustrate that the biomass furnace is not limited to a particular shape.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of a biomass furnace, for example a biomass furnace 11, which is very similar to the biomass furnace 1 of FIG Fig. 1 and differs essentially only in the flue gas flow.
  • the biomass furnace 11 has a combustion chamber 12 with an air inlet connection 13 on the floor for the air supply and a flue gas duct 14 which opens into a flue gas collecting area 15 above the combustion chamber 12.
  • the flue gas duct 14 is connected to the interior of the combustion chamber 12 via a connection 16 in an upper region of the combustion chamber 12, so that the flue gas from the interior of the combustion chamber 12 enters the flue gas duct 14.
  • the flue gas duct 14 extends partially around the in this embodiment Firebox 12 around (see also arrows and dotted line, which symbolizes the flue gas path).
  • the flue gas duct 14 extends in a section 14a parallel and at a distance from a side wall beyond the floor of the furnace 2, with flue gas from the furnace 12 in the section 14a being directed downwards against the convection direction.
  • the flue gas duct 14 runs parallel and at a distance from the floor of the furnace 12, in order then to extend in a further section 14c parallel and at a distance from the opposite side wall up to the flue gas collecting area 15.
  • the flue gas is accordingly guided in section 14b parallel to the floor of the furnace 12 and then in section 14c in the convection direction as far as the flue gas collecting area 15.
  • the flue gas collecting area 15 has a flue gas connector 17 which is arranged on an axis common to the supply air connector 13.
  • the supply air connection 13 and the flue gas connection 17 can, as also above, in particular in connection with Fig. 1 executed, be designed in two parts, so that the biomass furnace 11 can be rotated.
  • a biomass furnace namely a pellet / log combination furnace 21, shown schematically, which is essentially the biomass furnace of Fig. 1 corresponds with the main difference that an interruption device in the form of a flue gas flap 29 and a flue gas bypass 28 are provided.
  • the pellet / log combination stove 21 has a combustion chamber 22, with an air inlet connection 23 on the floor for the air supply and a flue gas duct 24 which opens into a flue gas collecting area 25 above the combustion chamber 22.
  • the flue gas duct 24 is connected to the interior of the combustion chamber 22 via a connection 26 in an upper region of the combustion chamber 22, so that the flue gas from the interior of the combustion chamber 22 reaches the flue gas duct 24.
  • the flue gas duct 24 extends parallel to a side wall of the combustion chamber 22 over the entire height of the combustion chamber 22, ie up to the flue gas collecting area 25 and down to the floor of the combustion chamber 22.
  • the flue gas duct 24 has a partition wall 24a in the middle, which divides the flue gas duct 24 into two channels, a first duct being connected to the connection 26 and the other, second duct being connected to the flue gas collecting area 25.
  • the flue gas that enters the first channel of the flue gas duct 24 through the connection 26 is initially directed downwards against the convection direction, is deflected by 180 ° at the lower end, enters the second channel and flows upwards in the direction of the convection direction the flue gas collection area 25 (see also arrows and dashed line).
  • the flue gas collecting area 25 has a flue gas connector 27 which is arranged on an axis common to the supply air connector 23.
  • the supply air connection 23 and the smoke gas connection 27 can, as also stated above, be designed in two parts.
  • a flue gas bypass 28 is provided between the top of the furnace 22 and the bottom of the flue gas collecting area 25, which can be closed by an interruption device 29, which is designed as a flue gas flap.
  • the flue gas bypass connects the interior of the furnace 22 with the flue gas collecting area 25.
  • the flue gas flap 29 is rotatably mounted at one end and can swing downward in the direction of gravity, so that it releases the flue gas bypass 28 in this state.
  • the flue gas from the combustion chamber 22 takes the route described above through the flue gas duct 24.
  • the direct route through the flue gas bypass 28 into the flue gas collection area 25 is enabled, and the flue gas can consequently without having to take the path through the flue gas duct 24, flow directly into the flue gas collecting area 25.
  • the supply air connection 23 and the flue gas connection 27 can, as above in connection with Fig. 1 described, be made in two parts, so that the pellet / log combination stove 21 can also be rotated.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example of an automatic interruption device 30 that can be used in the biomass furnace described herein.
  • the interruption device 30 has a control 31, which can also be part of a control of the biomass furnace.
  • the controller 31 has a microprocessor and a memory in which the operating parameters are stored.
  • the controller 31 is equipped with a drive 32, with a holding device 33 which, for example, holds a flue gas flap (e.g. like the flue gas flap 29 in FIG Fig. 4 ), a control element 34 and a door switch 35 coupled.
  • a flue gas flap e.g. like the flue gas flap 29 in FIG Fig. 4
  • a control element 34 e.g. like the flue gas flap 29 in FIG Fig. 4
  • a door switch 35 e.g. like the flue gas flap 29 in FIG Fig. 4
  • the operating element 34 is designed as an actuation button and it sends a corresponding actuation signal to the controller 31 when it is actuated by a user.
  • the door switch 35 is arranged in such a way that it transmits a corresponding opening signal to the controller 31 when the combustion chamber door of the combustion chamber of the biomass furnace is open.
  • the controller 31 controls the holding device 33 so that the holding device 33 holds the flue gas flap in the closed operating position, for example by applying current to an electromagnet that holds the flue gas flap.
  • controller 31 If the controller 31 receives the actuation signal of the operating element 34, it controls the holding device 33 to release the flue gas flap by switching the electromagnet to a currentless state.
  • the controller 31 activates the drive 32 (e.g. an electric motor) so that it moves the flue gas flap back into the closed operating state and controls the holding device 33, the flue gas flap in the closed operating state again To maintain operating condition. If the controller 31 receives an opening signal from the door switch 35, it controls the holding device 33 to release the flue gas flap so that it moves into the open operating position.
  • the door switch 35 is designed here in such a way that it transmits the opening signal to the controller 31 until the combustion chamber door is closed again. When the controller 31 determines that it no longer receives an opening signal, it controls the drive 32 and the holding device 33 to move the flue gas flap back into the closed operating position and to hold it there.
  • the door switch 35 sends only a brief opening signal when the combustion chamber door is opened.
  • the controller 31 controls after a predetermined period of time, e.g. 60 seconds, the drive 32 and the holding device 33 to move the flue gas flap back into the closed operating position and to hold it there.
  • the period of time can be chosen so that a typical filling process of the combustion chamber with fuel is completed after its expiry.
  • the controller 31 is also designed so that it recognizes when the flue gas flap is in the closed operating state. This can be done by a switch or sensor that is integrated in the holding device 33, for example, and is triggered and transmits a corresponding signal to the controller 31 when the flue gas flap hits the holding device 33.
  • control 31 or the holding device 33 If the control 31 or the holding device 33 is de-energized, e.g. in the event of a power failure, the holding device 33 automatically releases the flue gas flap, since the electromagnet is no longer supplied with power.
  • the flue gas flap can also be brought back into operating position manually (instead of a drive).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Four à biomasse, comprenant :
    une chambre de combustion (2, 12, 22) avec sol ;
    une amenée d'air (3, 13, 23), qui est agencée dans la zone de sol de la chambre de combustion (2, 12, 22) ;
    une zone de collecte de gaz de fumée (5, 15, 25), qui est agencée au-dessus de la chambre de combustion (2, 12, 22), et une tubulure de gaz de fumée (7, 17, 27), qui est agencée au niveau de la zone de collecte de gaz de fumée (5, 15, 25) ; et
    un guidage de gaz de fumée (4, 14, 24), qui guide du gaz de fumée de la chambre de combustion (2, 12, 22) vers le bas et après un changement de direction vers le haut dans la zone de collecte de gaz de fumée (5, 15, 25) ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'amenée d'air (3, 13, 23) et la tubulure de gaz de fumée (7, 17, 27) se trouvent sur un axe commun, lequel forme un axe de rotation pour la chambre de combustion avec la zone de collecte de gaz de fumée (5, 15, 25) et le guidage de gaz de fumée (4, 14, 24).
  2. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un contournement de gaz de fumée (28), qui couple la zone de collecte de gaz de fumée (25) et la chambre de combustion (22).
  3. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 2, comprenant en outre un dispositif de coupure (29, 30) qui est aménagé pour conduire au choix du gaz de fumée à travers le guidage de gaz de fumée (4, 14, 24) ou le contournement de gaz de fumée (28).
  4. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure (29, 30) présente un clapet de gaz de fumée (29).
  5. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure (30) est aménagé pour conduire le gaz de fumée automatiquement au choix à travers le guidage de gaz de fumée (4, 14, 24) ou le contournement de gaz de fumée (28).
  6. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure (29, 30) conduit le gaz de fumée à travers le contournement de gaz de fumée (28) automatiquement en réaction à une panne de courant ou à un dysfonctionnement.
  7. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'amenée d'air (3, 13, 23) est couplée de manière rotative au sol de la chambre de combustion (2, 12, 22).
  8. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'amenée d'air (3) présente une section à deux parties, dans lequel la première partie (3a) est couplée de manière rotative à la deuxième partie (3b) de la section à deux parties.
  9. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la tubulure de gaz de fumée (7) est configurée en deux parties, dans lequel la première partie (7a) est couplée de manière rotative à la deuxième partie (7b) de la tubulure de gaz de fumée (7) à deux parties.
EP18155845.3A 2017-02-08 2018-02-08 Four à biomasse Active EP3361152B1 (fr)

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DE102017001172.9A DE102017001172A1 (de) 2017-02-08 2017-02-08 Biomasseofen

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CN111780093A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-16 唐山市丰润区神火新能源开发有限公司 一种生物质颗粒炉专用燃烧盆

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE881094C (de) 1948-10-02 1953-06-25 Friedrich Schwartzkopf Rauchgasumlenkeinrichtung fuer Sturzzuege, insbesondere fuer Rauchgasheizkoerper
FR2461197A1 (fr) 1979-07-10 1981-01-30 Serva Soc Procede et dispositif de recuperation de chaleur dans des fumees
DE3525112A1 (de) * 1985-07-13 1987-01-15 Guiseppe Lucifora Ofeneinsatzgehaeuse fuer die raumbeheizung
SI20125A (sl) * 2000-03-08 2000-06-30 Vojteh Vanovšek Toplovodni kotel na trda goriva
EP1983263A1 (fr) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-22 Jolly-Mec Caminetti S.p.a. Cuisinière avec commande à inversion de gaz de carburant
DE202007006055U1 (de) * 2007-04-25 2007-12-27 Hark Gmbh & Co. Kg Kamin- Und Kachelofenbau Kaminfeuerstelle
NL2002169C (nl) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-06 Dybas Bvba Haard en werkwijze voor bedrijven van een dergelijke haard.
DE202011051990U1 (de) 2011-11-16 2012-01-18 Lars Betzner Kaminofen mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad
DE102013019954A1 (de) * 2013-11-27 2015-05-28 Karl Stefan Riener Ofen zur Wärmeerzeugung

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DE102017001172A1 (de) 2018-08-09

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