EP3361040B1 - Soil processing tool and method for creating a hole in the soil - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a soil working tool, in particular a drilling tool, having a center shaft in which a duct is formed, and at least one mixing blade, which is attached to the center shaft and extends approximately radially outward, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a hole in the ground with a soil working tool, wherein soil material is removed with the soil working tool and mixed in the created bore with a liquid to form a suspension, which via at least one opening on the at least one mixing blade via the conduit in the soil working tool is sucked, according to the preamble of claim 10.

A generic prior art, for example, from the EP 1 045 073 A1 out. In this known drilling tool, a bore is created by means of a cutting device which removes soil material. From the cutting device, the processed soil material is conveyed to an upper mixing area, in which the processed soil material is comminuted by mixing blades and mixed with a supplied rinsing liquid.

Another drilling tool is out of the EP 2 703 596 A1 known. Through an opening on the central drill stem, a mixed suspension can be sucked off and transported upwards out of the drill hole.

The US 2010/1026206 A1 teaches a drill bit which is formed with openings for cooling liquid.

From the US 2011/0253457 A1 shows a drill bit on which laterally cleaning nozzles are arranged.

The WO 00/50358 teaches a device and a method for creating piles in a ground, wherein a displacement drill is provided with an opening arranged on a bottom for injecting concrete. Furthermore, an apparatus and method for creating annular foundations is disclosed.

From the EP 10 00 560 A1 For example, a double head drilling apparatus and method are known. About a first rotary drive a support tube and a second rotary drive an internal endless screw is driven.

The invention has for its object to provide a tillage tool and a method for creating a hole, with which a particularly good crushing and mixing of the removed soil material are made possible.

The object is on the one hand by a tillage tool with the features of claim 1 and on the other by a method with the features of Method claim 10 solved. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

In the soil working tool according to the invention it is provided that at least one mixing blade is formed with an inner cavity, that the cavity communicates with the conduit in the center shaft and that at least one opening of the cavity is formed on the mixing blade to an outer side.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen in a mixing region, in which the processed soil material is further comminuted by the rotating mixing blades and mixed with a supplied liquid, via at least one opening on at least one mixing blade. Thus, the suction does not take place directly at the center shaft but further away from it in the mixing space. This leads to an overall improved comminution and mixing of the removed soil material. In addition, the mixing space is better utilized, with a relatively uniform consistency of the suspension produced over large areas of the mixing space is generated.

According to the invention, an annular peripheral wall is provided, which is mounted on the central shaft and annularly surrounds a mixing region, in which the at least one mixing blade is arranged. The annular peripheral wall corresponds approximately to the bore diameter, which is usually slightly smaller. By the annular peripheral wall a defined mixing area is enclosed, which contributes to an improvement of the mixing result.

It is particularly preferred according to a development of the invention that the peripheral wall has an upper deck area, wherein a hood-like mixing bell is formed. This results in a delimitation of the mixing area upwards, so that in the mixing area substantially only the removed soil material and liquid, in particular rinsing liquid, are supplied. The rinsing liquid may be the supporting liquid in the borehole or a special liquid which is introduced via a supply line directly into the mixing area. In principle, the annular peripheral wall and the deck area can be fixedly attached to the central shaft his. It is advantageous according to a development of the invention that the annular peripheral wall is rotatably mounted relative to the central shaft. This results in additional shear forces within the mixing area, which leads to an improvement of the mixing and crushing.

A further preferred embodiment according to the invention is that a plurality of mixing blades are arranged in the middle shaft. In this case, several mixing blades can be provided with the cavity and the openings for sucking off the suspension. It is also advantageous that in addition to these hollow mixing blades and normal mixing blades are provided without a cavity. Preferably, the normal mixing blades and the mixing blades provided with the suction holes are distributed around the center shaft. The mixing blades may have a front cutting edge, which is reinforced with closure or cutting plates.

A further increase of shear forces in the suspension to be mixed results according to a development of the invention in that at least one mixing element is arranged on an inner side of the annular peripheral wall. Preferably, a plurality of mixing elements are arranged, which are preferably formed as radially projecting sheets.

According to a development of the invention, it is preferred that a connection device for a line connection of a suction device is provided at an upper region of the central shaft. In particular, one or more drill pipes can be connected, which preferably extend into a region outside the borehole. From there, the discharged suspension can be further removed via a rotary connection via a hose device. It is such a particularly environmentally friendly removal of removed soil material possible, especially in cohesive soils.

In principle, the tillage tool can be used as a pure mixing or comminution component. A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that a removal device for removing soil material is arranged on a lower side. The removal device has erosion teeth for removing the soil material. The teeth are basically detachably mounted in corresponding tooth mounts.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for a conveying device for conveying the removed soil material to be arranged between the removal device and the at least one mixing element.

The conveyor may have a single or more conveyor coils. By the conveyor, the removed from the ablation and still relatively coarse soil material is conveyed upwards in the mixing and crushing area. By the rotating mixing elements, which are preferably provided with a front cutting edge, the soil material is crushed in a desired manner. In this case, a rinsing or supporting liquid is introduced directly or indirectly into the mixing chamber, wherein the liquid is mixed by the rotating mixing blades with the crushed soil material to form a suspension. This can then preferably be sucked off continuously via the openings in the at least one mixing blade. In principle, however, it is also possible to feed liquid into the mixing chamber directly via one or more openings on the at least one mixing blade.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a drill for soil and rock drilling, which is characterized in that a tillage tool is provided, as described above. The drill may be arranged with an undercarriage for drilling on land or on a watercraft, such as a pontoon or a drillship.

According to a development of the invention, it is particularly preferred that a suction device is provided with which removed soil material can be sucked into the center shaft via the at least one opening in the mixing blade through the conduit into the central shaft. The suction device may be a pump, which is arranged on the drill outside the borehole.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a hole in the soil with the soil working tool described above, wherein soil material is removed with the soil working tool and mixed in the created bore with a liquid to form a suspension, which via at least one opening on the at least one mixing blade on the Cable channel in the center is sucked off. With this method, the advantages described above can be achieved.

A preferred process variant of the invention is that the suspension is discharged from the bore. In this way, hard rock material or boulders can be processed within a drill pipe or foundation pipe, crushed and discharged from the borehole as a suspension. This is particularly advantageous in offshore applications, such as the introduction of foundation pipes for wind turbines or turbines.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug;

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht von oben auf das Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuges von Fig. 1 und Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht von oben auf ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuges von Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Ansicht von oben auf ein drittes Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug nach der Erfindung; und

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuges von Fig. 6.

The invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a schematic cross-sectional view through an inventive tillage tool;

Fig. 2

a top view of the soil working tool according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the soil working tool of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4

a top view of another inventive tillage tool;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of the soil working tool of Fig. 4 ;

Fig. 6

a top view of a third tillage tool according to the invention; and

Fig. 7

a perspective view of the soil working tool of Fig. 6 ,

An inventive tillage tool 10 according to Fig. 1 has a tubular center shaft 12, at the lower end of a centering tip 76 is arranged. From the centering tip 76 helically extends a removal device 70 along the center shaft 12 upwards. Flat teeth 72 with cutting edges are arranged on an outer edge of a drill spiral, which merges into a conveyor 80 for the removal of the removed soil material upwards. By the conveyor 80, the removed soil material is conveyed into a mixing area in a central area of the central shaft 12. In this mixing area, radially projecting flat mixing blades 20 and a single box-shaped mixing blade 30 are disposed on the center shaft 12.

As in particular from the FIGS. 2 and 3 can be seen, the box-shaped mixing blade 30 has an approximately cuboid hollow suction box 32. On its upper side five circular openings 34 are arranged for sucking suspension from the mixing area. At a forward in the direction of rotation front of the box-shaped mixing blade 30, a swept front portion 36 with attached wear plates 38 is arranged.

The inner cavity of the suction box 32 of the box-shaped mixing blade 30 is connected via an unillustrated aperture in the central shaft 12 to a central duct 14 formed in the tubular central shaft 12.

On an upper side of the center shaft 12, a connection device 60 is arranged, with which the center shaft 12 can be connected to further drill pipes with line connection. For torque transmission through the drill pipe 12 axially directed keyway 62 is attached to the outside of the top of the center shaft. This engages positively in a corresponding keyway on an inner side of the attached drill pipe. In this way, a torque from a rotary drive of a drilling apparatus, not shown, can be transmitted to the soil working tool 10.

The soil material removed by the removal device 70 is mixed in the middle mixing region of the soil cultivation tool 10 with liquid supplied to form a suspension. The radially projecting mixing blades 20, 30 serve not only for mixing, but also for further comminution of the removed soil material, so that this reliable with the liquid through the openings 34 by means of a, generated by a pump, not shown, negative pressure can be sucked off. In order to improve the mixing and comminution effect, cutting plates 22 made of hard metal are welded to the sword-shaped flat mixing blades 20 on the narrow front sides. Furthermore, a recess 24 and a support plate 26 are arranged on each sword-shaped mixing blade 20, thereby an improved Verwirbelungs- and thus mixing effect is generated.

To further improve the mixing effect of the central mixing area is covered at the center shaft 12 of a bell-shaped mixing hood 40, which only in Fig. 1 is shown. The mixing hood 40 has a cylindrical, drum-shaped peripheral wall 42, which is open at the bottom and closed with an upper plate-shaped cover portion 44 upwards. At the top of the deck area 44, an axially directed bearing sleeve 46 connects, which is connected via stiffening plates 48 fixed to the deck area 44. About the bearing sleeve 46, the mixing hood 40 is mounted relatively rotatably via a sliding sleeve 49 on the central shaft 12. On the inside of the cylindrical peripheral wall 42 web-shaped mixing elements 50 are arranged, which lead to an increase of the shear forces in the mixing area.

The edges of the mixing surfaces can be provided with punctiform wear elements.

Another inventive tillage tool 10, which is also designed as a drilling tool is in the FIGS. 4 and 5 shown. For reasons of clarity, the bell-shaped mixing hood 40 is omitted, which is formed as in the previous embodiment. This second embodiment of a soil cultivation tool 10 according to the invention is similar to the previously described soil cultivation tool according to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 3 formed, but as a removal device 70 instead of the flat teeth 72 drill bit 74 are arranged with punctiform Abtragsschneiden. The drill bits 74 are disposed in corresponding drill bit mounts along the free edge of the helical conveyor 80, the diameter of which gradually widens upwardly from the centering tip 76 to the maximum outside diameter. The centering tip 76 is in this embodiment according to the FIGS. 4 and 5 also formed with drill bits 74. Especially vivid is in the presentation according to Fig. 5 the box-shaped mixing element 30 with the cuboid suction box 32 shown. At the top are the openings 34 arranged for sucking the suspension formed from the liquid and the comminuted soil material.

A particularly compact inventive soil cultivation tool 10 is in the FIGS. 6 and 7 shown, wherein also the bell-like mixing hood 40 is omitted for reasons of clarity. The soil working tool 10 according to the FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the previous tillage tools in that the removal device 70 is formed for removing the soil material substantially as a radially extending cutting edge. The cutting edge is formed by a plurality of circumferentially projecting flat teeth 72. The adjoining surface is designed as a short spiral segment for forming a conveyor 80. For centering is a centering tip 76 according to the first embodiment of the FIGS. 1 to 3 arranged.

All variants of the soil working tool 10 according to the invention can be used on a conventional drilling rig with an undercarriage, an uppercarriage and a mast with a drill drive arranged thereon, and in particular with flydrill systems and onshore and offshore drilling rigs. The soil working tool is connected to the lower end of a drill pipe, which can be rotationally driven by the drive and axially moved up and down. The removed soil material is mixed via a feed opening, not shown here, with a liquid in the mixing area below the mixing hood 40 through the rotating mixing blades 20, 30. By means of the mixing blades 20, 30, the removed soil material is further comminuted, so that the suspension thus produced can be suctioned off via the openings 34 in the box-shaped mixing blade 30 and discharged upwards from the borehole via the conduit 14. The outer diameter of the mixing hood 40 substantially corresponds to the bore diameter of the bore, which is produced by the removal device 70.

The annular cover region 44 of the mixing hood 40 separates the mixing region from the overlying bore region. In this area, the bore can be filled with a support liquid or a support suspension. Through the mixing hood is achieved that an undesirable mixing between the supporting liquid or the support suspension with the removed soil material in the mixing area below the mixing hood 40 takes place.

After drilling the borehole and discharging the so-removed soil material, the drilling tool can be withdrawn from the borehole. The support liquid can be recovered and at the same time the wellbore be filled with a curable suspension. This can harden to a bored pile in the ground.

Claims (11)

1. A ground processing tool having a central shaft (12), built into which is a conducting channel, and having at least one mixing blade (20, 30), which is attached to the central shaft (12) and almost extends radially outward,
   wherein at least one mixing blade (30) with an inner cavity is provided,
   wherein the cavity communicates with the conducting channel (14) in the central shaft (12),
   wherein at the mixing blade (30) is provided at least one opening (34) of the cavity to an outside, and
   on a lower side a removal apparatus (70) is arranged for removing ground material,
   characterized in that
   a ring-shaped circumferential wall (42) is mounted on the central shaft (12) and encircles, in a ring-like manner, a mixing area, in which the at least one mixing blade (20, 30) is arranged, and
   a conveying apparatus (80) for conveying the removed ground material is arranged between the removal apparatus (70) and the at least one mixing blade (20, 30) in the mixing area built by the ring-shaped circumferential wall (42).
2. Ground processing tool according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the circumferential wall (42) features an upper deck area (44), whereby a hood-like mixing bell (40) is formed.
3. Ground processing tool according to claim 1 or 2
   characterized in that
   the ring-like circumferential wall (42) is mounted so as to be rotatable with respect to the central shaft (12).
4. Ground processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   multiple mixing blades (20, 30) are arranged on the central shaft (12).
5. Ground processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   at least one mixing element (30) is attached to an inner side of the ring-like circumferential wall (42).
6. Ground processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   a connecting apparatus (60) for a pipe connection with a suction apparatus is provided in an upper area of the central shaft (12).
7. Ground processing tool according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   bar-shaped mixing elements (50) are arranged on the ring-like circumferential wall (42).
8. A drilling device for earth and rock drilling,
   characterized in that
   a ground processing tool (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is provided.
9. Drilling device according to claim 8,
   characterized in that
   a suction apparatus is provided, with which removed ground material can be suctioned away through the conducting channel (14) in the central shaft (12) via the at least one opening (34) in the mixing blade (30).
10. Method for creating a borehole in the ground using a ground processing tool (10) according to any of claims 1 to 7,
    wherein ground material is removed by the ground processing tool (10) and blended with a liquid in the created borehole to a suspension, which is suctioned away by at least one opening (34) in the at least one mixing blade (30) via the conducting channel (14) into the central shaft (12).
11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the suspension is discharged from the borehole.

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