EP2876246B1 - Auger drive for drilling into soil - Google Patents

Auger drive for drilling into soil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2876246B1
EP2876246B1 EP13193903.5A EP13193903A EP2876246B1 EP 2876246 B1 EP2876246 B1 EP 2876246B1 EP 13193903 A EP13193903 A EP 13193903A EP 2876246 B1 EP2876246 B1 EP 2876246B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
auger
drill
drill flight
discharge
drilling
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EP13193903.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2876246A1 (en
Inventor
Johann Heinrich Kraxenberger
Manfred Schweiger
Roland Arthur Braun
Josef Haas
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Priority to EP13193903.5A priority Critical patent/EP2876246B1/en
Priority to CN201410670151.8A priority patent/CN104653110B/en
Publication of EP2876246A1 publication Critical patent/EP2876246A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/003—Drilling with mechanical conveying means
    • E21B7/005—Drilling with mechanical conveying means with helical conveying means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling auger for earth boring with a central shaft coaxial with a vertical axis and with at least one drill spiral made of a metal sheet, wherein the drill spiral extends helically around the center shaft and is fastened thereto, in particular welded, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a drilling auger is used in particular with drilling equipment for special civil engineering, for example to create foundation piles.
  • the auger is drilled in the ground one or more times by means of a drill until the desired depth is reached.
  • a removal device is arranged, is processed by which pending soil and crushed.
  • the excavated soil material is conveyed upwardly by the rotary movement of the driven auger from the drill spiral and stored thereon.
  • the turns of the augers are still filled with soil material. With loosely ground material, the turns can simply be emptied by intermittent turning. In cohesive soils, such as loamy soils, such removal of the soil material from the auger is hardly possible.
  • a generic Bohrschnecke is from the DE 34 46 900 C2 known. To empty the drill helix, a screw cleaning body can be pivoted into the helix for stripping off the soil material.
  • a drilling auger for earth drilling is known in which on the drill a sleeve-shaped clearing device is provided with a plow blade, which can be pivoted to remove the soil material in a space between the drilling turns.
  • Another cleaning device for a drilling screw with a mechanical stripping of the soil material is from the EP 1 367 215 A1 known.
  • a corresponding cleaning time is also required for the cleaning process until the cleaning device has passed through all the screw turns.
  • the publication US 3,749,189 A relates to a masonry drill comprising at least one drill helix, wherein the at least one drill angle at an angle other than 90 ° to the vertical axis inclines upward from the drilling direction.
  • the publication GB 2,329,204 A relates to a positive displacement drill with inclined drilling surfaces to improve compaction during positive displacement drilling.
  • the publication US 6,321,861 B1 relates to a plastic anchor, wherein the helical surfaces of the plastic anchor are angled.
  • the US 2,981,403 teaches a drill bit having a drill bit area sloped downwardly in an outer area.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a drilling auger for Erdbohren, which allows easy emptying of a gap between the screw turns.
  • the object is achieved by a drilling auger with the features of claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.
  • the auger according to the invention is characterized in that a discharge surface is provided for the radial discharge of drilled soil material on the drill spiral, which in a vertical section has a deviating angle of 90 ° to the vertical axis.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to make the boring spirals radially obliquely outwards, so that the soil material on the screw flights can easily slide off after exiting the borehole under the action of gravity.
  • a slight emptying of the drill bit is preferably then achieved when the auger is intermittent is rotated with frequent change of direction.
  • a vertical section has a sectional plane along the center or vertical axis.
  • the auger may in particular be designed as a so-called auger with a typical length of up to 3 m.
  • the auger may also be longer or shorter and combined with other working elements.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that a gap, which is bounded between two axially adjacent turns of the drill spiral, widens radially outwardly from the vertical axis.
  • This intermediate space also called helical flight, thus widened in a wedge-shaped or conical manner to the outside. This expansion radially outwards ensures a particularly good sliding of the soil material from the drill spiral.
  • a discharge element is applied to form the discharge surface on a drill spiral having a rectangular cross-sectional profile.
  • the helical discharge element can have a smaller material or sheet thickness than the drill spiral.
  • the diverter can also be a solid plastic insert, which is applied in segments to existing drill coils with a horizontal orientation in the cross-sectional direction.
  • the diverting element is formed from a metal sheet.
  • the steel sheet is welded in particular to a metallic drill spiral and a metallic center shaft.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the discharge surface on a top, a bottom or the top and bottom of the Drill is arranged.
  • a simple arrangement may consist in particular in that the discharge surface is arranged exclusively on the upper side of the drill spiral. Thus, therefore, the support surface of the soil material is placed on the drill spiral radially outward. In certain cases, however, only an oblique position may be provided on the underside of the drilling helices or preferably on the top and the bottom of the drill helix.
  • the discharge surface extends along the entire drill spiral.
  • the drilling helix is usually arranged along the entire tubular central shaft and extends from an underside of the auger, on which the removal device and a centering tip can be arranged, to the upper end, to which a connecting or holding device for holding or driving the worm is provided ,
  • the discharge surface is arranged only in a radial and / or axial portion of the drill spiral.
  • the discharge surface can be arranged only in a radially inner region of the drill spiral.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the discharge surface is formed in cross-section linear or arcuate.
  • a linear design is advantageous from a manufacturing point of view, since it can be made from a helically bent sheet metal.
  • the drilling helix can be formed largely uniformly along the auger.
  • a differentiated sliding behavior can be achieved according to the invention in that the deflection angle changes in the axial course of the drilling helix.
  • the lead angle may be steeper or shallower in an upper area than in a lower area of the drill bit.
  • a further improvement of Bohrwendelentletation is achieved according to a variant of the invention in that the drill spiral is provided with the discharge surface with a sliding coating.
  • the slip coating may be a Teflon coating or other comparable coating, such as a ceramic coating, his. Even with cohesive soils, the static friction between the soil material and the drill spiral can be reduced, which allows easier slipping.
  • the sliding coating can in principle also be arranged on the center shaft.
  • a temporary lubricating coating such as a liquid film, such as an oil film
  • the lubricious coating may consist of biodegradable lubricating oils, especially plant based.
  • an application device is provided, with which the sliding coating can be applied to the drilling helix.
  • the application device may be a spray or nozzle device which is arranged at different locations along the drill spiral.
  • the application device has at least one nozzle opening which is connected to a supply line.
  • a plurality of nozzle openings may be arranged at intended locations of the drill spiral, which are connected to one another via a common supply line in the interior of the tubular central shaft.
  • the invention further relates to a drill for drilling with a substantially vertical mast, along which a drilling auger is arranged to be movable and rotatably driven.
  • a drill for drilling with a substantially vertical mast, along which a drilling auger is arranged to be movable and rotatably driven.
  • a drill as for example from the aforementioned DE 34 46 900.7 C2 is known, according to the invention is characterized in that a drilling screw according to the invention, as described above, is provided.
  • an efficient Erdbohren can be done because the drill bit can be emptied easier and thus faster even with cohesive soils.
  • FIGS. 1 or 2 are shown. Due to the largely same structure of the two augers 10 is a description directly with reference to both figures.
  • the auger 10 has a tubular central shaft 14, which is arranged coaxially to a vertical axis 12.
  • the term "vertical” refers to the usual arrangement of the auger 10 in operation, and in certain cases also deviations of the screw arrangement occur by a few degrees different from the vertical and are included.
  • a pilot 16 is arranged as a centering tip.
  • a connecting device 28 is arranged, which is designed in particular for connection to a Kelly bar.
  • a removal device 18 which is constructed of a plurality of Abtragszähnen.
  • soil material is removed during operation of the auger 10 and crushed.
  • the abraded soil material is conveyed by the ablation device 18 in a rearward area onto a drill spiral 20 which helically extends around the tubular central shaft 18 to an upper end region.
  • the drilling helix 20 is constructed in the illustrated schematic embodiment of three drill coils 24, each covering about a full circle.
  • the drill bit 20 has a base coil 21, which has a perpendicular to the vertical axis 12 perpendicular or horizontal course in a conventional manner in vertical section.
  • a first discharge element 30a is applied on the upper side and a second, smaller discharge element 30b is applied on its lower side.
  • the diverting elements 30a, 30b are also helical, but face each other the vertical axis 12 a sharp discharge angle 38.
  • the discharge angle 38 is the respective smaller angle, which is spanned by the vertical axis 12 and a discharge surface 32 of the discharge element 30 in vertical section.
  • the discharge element 30b widens in the axial direction of the drill spiral 20.
  • the obliquely arranged discharge elements 30a, 30b form an approximately wedge-shaped intermediate space 22 between the individual drill coils 24 which extends radially outwardly extended.
  • a sliding coating by which the static friction is reduced.
  • a sliding coating by which the static friction is reduced.
  • a removal device of which in Fig. 2 only nozzle openings 42 are shown on the central shaft 14.
  • a lubricating fluid such as a vegetable oil, can be sprayed onto the drilling helix 20 via a feed line (not shown) in the interior of the center shaft 14. The application can take place before and / or during drilling or emptying.
  • the auger 10 is faster again after a drilling operation for a further drilling operation available. This can increase the machine usage. To shake off the soil material can also be rotated at a slower speed, which damage to the device can be avoided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bohrschnecke zum Erdbohren mit einem rohrförmigen und zu einer Vertikalachse koaxialen Mittenschaft und mit zumindest einer Bohrwendel aus einem Blech, wobei sich die Bohrwendel wendelförmig um den Mittenschaft erstreckt und daran befestigt, insbesondere angeschweißt ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a drilling auger for earth boring with a central shaft coaxial with a vertical axis and with at least one drill spiral made of a metal sheet, wherein the drill spiral extends helically around the center shaft and is fastened thereto, in particular welded, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Bohrschnecke wird insbesondere mit Bohrgeräten für den Spezialtiefbau eingesetzt, etwa um Gründungspfähle zu erstellen. Die Bohrschnecke wird mittels eines Bohrgerätes in den Erdboden ein- oder mehrmals abgebohrt, bis die gewünschte Tiefe erreicht ist. Am bodenseitigen Ende der Bohrschnecke ist eine Abtragseinrichtung angeordnet, durch welche anstehender Boden abgearbeitet und zerkleinert wird. Das abgetragene Bodenmaterial wird durch die Drehbewegung der angetriebenen Bohrschnecke von der Bohrwendel nach oben gefördert und darauf gelagert. Zur Stützung der Bohrlochwandung kann vorgesehen sein, dass auf den Bohrwendeln ausreichend abgetragenes Bodenmaterial verbleibt oder ein Stützrohr angeordnet ist.Such a drilling auger is used in particular with drilling equipment for special civil engineering, for example to create foundation piles. The auger is drilled in the ground one or more times by means of a drill until the desired depth is reached. At the bottom end of the auger a removal device is arranged, is processed by which pending soil and crushed. The excavated soil material is conveyed upwardly by the rotary movement of the driven auger from the drill spiral and stored thereon. To support the borehole wall, it may be provided that sufficiently removed soil material remains on the boring coils or a support tube is arranged.

Nach dem Herausziehen der Bohrschnecke aus dem Bohrloch sind die Windungen der Bohrwendeln noch mit Bodenmaterial gefüllt. Bei lockerem Bodenmaterial können die Windungen durch intermittierendes Drehen einfach entleert werden. Bei bindigen Böden, etwa bei Lehmböden, ist ein solches Entfernen des Bodenmaterials aus der Bohrschnecke kaum möglich.After removing the auger from the wellbore, the turns of the augers are still filled with soil material. With loosely ground material, the turns can simply be emptied by intermittent turning. In cohesive soils, such as loamy soils, such removal of the soil material from the auger is hardly possible.

Eine gattungsbildende Bohrschnecke ist aus der DE 34 46 900 C2 bekannt. Zum Entleeren der Bohrwendel kann ein Schneckenputzkörper in die Wendel zum Abstreifen des Bodenmaterials eingeschwenkt werden.A generic Bohrschnecke is from the DE 34 46 900 C2 known. To empty the drill helix, a screw cleaning body can be pivoted into the helix for stripping off the soil material.

Aus der DE 84 37 600.7 U1 ist eine Bohrschnecke zum Erdbohren bekannt, bei welcher am Bohrgerät eine hülsenförmige Räumvorrichtung mit einem Räumschild vorgesehen ist, welches zum Entfernen des Bodenmaterials in einen Zwischenraum zwischen den Bohrwindungen einschwenkbar ist. Dieses mechanische Abstreifen des Bodenmaterials aus dem Schneckengang zwischen den Bohrschneckenwindungen funktioniert zwar sehr zuverlässig. Es ist jedoch mit einigem Zeitaufwand verbunden, da der gesamte Schneckengang durchlaufen werden muss. Während dieser Zeit der Reinigung der Schneckenwindungen steht das Bohrgerät zur Durchführung einer weiteren Bohrung nicht zur Verfügung.From the DE 84 37 600.7 U1 a drilling auger for earth drilling is known in which on the drill a sleeve-shaped clearing device is provided with a plow blade, which can be pivoted to remove the soil material in a space between the drilling turns. Although this mechanical stripping of the soil material from the screw flight between the Bohrschneckenwindungen works very reliable. However, it is associated with some time, since the entire helix must be traversed. During this time of cleaning the screw flights, the drill is not available to make another hole.

Eine weitere Reinigungsvorrichtung für eine Bohrschnecke mit einem mechanischen Abstreifen des Bodenmaterials ist aus der EP 1 367 215 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird ebenfalls für den Reinigungsvorgang eine entsprechende Reinigungszeit benötigt, bis die Reinigungsvorrichtung alle Schneckenwindungen durchlaufen hat.Another cleaning device for a drilling screw with a mechanical stripping of the soil material is from the EP 1 367 215 A1 known. In this device, a corresponding cleaning time is also required for the cleaning process until the cleaning device has passed through all the screw turns.

Die Druckschrift US 3,749,189 A betrifft einen Steinbohrer, welcher mindestens eine Bohrwendel umfasst, wobei der mindestens eine Bohrwinkel in einem von 90° unterschiedlichen Winkel zur Vertikalachse sich von der Bohrrichtung nach oben hin weg neigt. Die Druckschrift GB 2,329,204 A betrifft einen Verdrängerbohrer mit schräggestellten Bohrflächen, um die Verdichtung beim Verdrängerbohren zu verbessern. Die Druckschrift US 6,321,861 B1 betrifft einen Kunststoffanker, wobei die Wendelflächen des Kunststoffankers abgewinkelt sind.The publication US 3,749,189 A relates to a masonry drill comprising at least one drill helix, wherein the at least one drill angle at an angle other than 90 ° to the vertical axis inclines upward from the drilling direction. The publication GB 2,329,204 A relates to a positive displacement drill with inclined drilling surfaces to improve compaction during positive displacement drilling. The publication US 6,321,861 B1 relates to a plastic anchor, wherein the helical surfaces of the plastic anchor are angled.

Die US 2,981,403 lehrt eine Bohrwendel mit einem in einem Außenbereich nach unten angeschrägten Bohrwendelbereich.The US 2,981,403 teaches a drill bit having a drill bit area sloped downwardly in an outer area.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Bohrschnecke zum Erdbohren anzugeben, welche eine einfache Entleerung eines Zwischenraumes zwischen den Schneckenwindungen ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a drilling auger for Erdbohren, which allows easy emptying of a gap between the screw turns.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Bohrschnecke mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Die erfindungsgemäße Bohrschnecke ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum radialen Ableiten von abgebohrtem Bodenmaterial an der Bohrwendel eine Ableitfläche vorgesehen ist, welche in einem Vertikalschnitt einen von 90° unterschiedlichen Ableitwinkel zur Vertikalachse aufweist.The object is achieved by a drilling auger with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims. The auger according to the invention is characterized in that a discharge surface is provided for the radial discharge of drilled soil material on the drill spiral, which in a vertical section has a deviating angle of 90 ° to the vertical axis.

Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung liegt darin, die Bohrwendeln radial schräg nach außen anzustellen, so dass das Bodenmaterial auf den Schneckenwendeln nach Austritt aus dem Bohrloch unter Schwerkrafteinwirkung leicht abgleiten kann. Bei einem spitzen Winkel der Schrägstellung oder des Ablenkwinkels zur Mitten- oder Vertikalachse der Bohrschnecke von unter 90°, insbesondere mit einem Winkel zwischen 30° und 80°, insbesondere zwischen 45° und 75°, wird ein leichtes Entleeren der Bohrwendel bevorzugterweise dann erreicht, wenn die Bohrschnecke intermittierend mit häufigem Drehrichtungswechsel gedreht wird. Ein Vertikalschnitt weist eine Schnittebene entlang der Mitten- oder Vertikalachse auf.A basic idea of the invention is to make the boring spirals radially obliquely outwards, so that the soil material on the screw flights can easily slide off after exiting the borehole under the action of gravity. At an acute angle of the skew or the deflection angle to the center or vertical axis of the auger of less than 90 °, in particular at an angle between 30 ° and 80 °, in particular between 45 ° and 75 °, a slight emptying of the drill bit is preferably then achieved when the auger is intermittent is rotated with frequent change of direction. A vertical section has a sectional plane along the center or vertical axis.

Es wurde festgestellt, dass selbst bei bestimmten bindigen Böden mit einer derartigen Ableitfläche ein hinreichendes Entleeren der Bohrwendel erreicht wird, ohne dass eine zusätzliche Reinigungseinrichtung benötigt oder deren Einsatz zumindest erheblich reduziert wird. Die Bohrschnecke kann insbesondere als ein sogenannter Schneckenbohrer mit einer typischen Länge bis zu 3m ausgebildet sein. Die Bohrschnecke kann aber auch länger oder kürzer und mit weiteren Arbeitselementen kombiniert sein.It has been found that even with certain cohesive soils with such a discharge surface sufficient drainage of the drill wire is achieved without the need for additional cleaning device or their use is at least significantly reduced. The auger may in particular be designed as a so-called auger with a typical length of up to 3 m. The auger may also be longer or shorter and combined with other working elements.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass sich ein Zwischenraum, welcher zwischen zwei axial benachbarten Windungen der Bohrwendel umgrenzt ist, von der Vertikalachse radial nach außen hin aufweitet. Dieser Zwischenraum, auch Schneckengang genannt, weitet sich also keilartig oder konisch nach außen auf. Diese Aufweitung radial nach außen sorgt für ein besonders gutes Abgleiten des Bodenmaterials von der Bohrwendel.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that a gap, which is bounded between two axially adjacent turns of the drill spiral, widens radially outwardly from the vertical axis. This intermediate space, also called helical flight, thus widened in a wedge-shaped or conical manner to the outside. This expansion radially outwards ensures a particularly good sliding of the soil material from the drill spiral.

Nach der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass zum Bilden der Ableitfläche auf eine Bohrwendel mit einem rechtwinkligen Querschnittsverlauf ein Ableitelement aufgebracht ist. Auf diese Weise kann auch eine herkömmliche, bestehende Bohrwendel nachgerüstet werden. Das helixförmige Ableitelement kann dabei eine geringere Material- oder Blechdicke aufweisen als die Bohrwendel. Das Ableitelement kann aber auch ein massiver Kunststoffeinsatz sein, welcher segmentweise auf bestehende Bohrwindungen mit einer horizontalen Ausrichtung in Querschnittsrichtung aufgebracht wird.According to the invention it is provided that a discharge element is applied to form the discharge surface on a drill spiral having a rectangular cross-sectional profile. In this way, a conventional, existing drill spiral can be retrofitted. The helical discharge element can have a smaller material or sheet thickness than the drill spiral. The diverter can also be a solid plastic insert, which is applied in segments to existing drill coils with a horizontal orientation in the cross-sectional direction.

Fertigungstechnisch bevorzugt ist es, dass das Ableitelement aus einem Blech gebildet ist. Das Stahlblech wird insbesondere auf eine metallische Bohrwendel und einen metallischen Mittenschaft aufgeschweißt.In terms of manufacturing technology, it is preferred that the diverting element is formed from a metal sheet. The steel sheet is welded in particular to a metallic drill spiral and a metallic center shaft.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Ableitfläche auf einer Oberseite, einer Unterseite oder der Ober- und der Unterseite der Bohrwendel angeordnet ist. Eine einfache Anordnung kann insbesondere darin bestehen, dass die Ableitfläche ausschließlich auf der Oberseite der Bohrwendel angeordnet ist. Somit ist also die Auflagefläche des Bodenmaterials auf der Bohrwendel radial nach außen schräg gestellt. In bestimmten Fällen kann aber auch lediglich eine Schrägstellung an der Unterseite der Bohrwendeln oder vorzugsweise an der Ober- und der Unterseite der Bohrwendel vorgesehen sein.A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the discharge surface on a top, a bottom or the top and bottom of the Drill is arranged. A simple arrangement may consist in particular in that the discharge surface is arranged exclusively on the upper side of the drill spiral. Thus, therefore, the support surface of the soil material is placed on the drill spiral radially outward. In certain cases, however, only an oblique position may be provided on the underside of the drilling helices or preferably on the top and the bottom of the drill helix.

Grundsätzlich ist es nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass sich die Ableitfläche entlang der gesamten Bohrwendel erstreckt. Die Bohrwendel ist üblicherweise entlang des gesamten rohrförmigen Mittenschaftes angeordnet und erstreckt sich von einer Unterseite der Bohrschnecke, an welcher die Abtragseinrichtung und eine Zentrierspitze angeordnet sein kann, bis zum oberen Ende, an welcher eine Verbindungs- oder Halteeinrichtung zum Halten oder Antreiben der Schnecke vorgesehen ist. Zur Reduzierung des Herstellungsaufwandes ist es bevorzugt, dass die Ableitfläche nur in einem radialen und/oder axialen Teilbereich der Bohrwendel angeordnet ist. Insbesondere kann die Ableitfläche nur in einem radial inneren Bereich der Bohrwendel angeordnet sein.In principle, it is provided according to the invention that the discharge surface extends along the entire drill spiral. The drilling helix is usually arranged along the entire tubular central shaft and extends from an underside of the auger, on which the removal device and a centering tip can be arranged, to the upper end, to which a connecting or holding device for holding or driving the worm is provided , In order to reduce the manufacturing outlay, it is preferred that the discharge surface is arranged only in a radial and / or axial portion of the drill spiral. In particular, the discharge surface can be arranged only in a radially inner region of the drill spiral.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Ableitfläche im Querschnitt linear oder bogenförmig ausgebildet ist. Eine lineare Ausbildung ist aus fertigungstechnischer Sicht vorteilhaft, da diese aus einem helixförmig gebogenen Blech gefertigt werden kann. Mittels einer bogen- oder kurvenförmig gestalteten Ableitfläche kann ein Abgleiten oder Abrutschen des Bodenmateriales von der Bohrwendel weiter unterstützt werden.A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the discharge surface is formed in cross-section linear or arcuate. A linear design is advantageous from a manufacturing point of view, since it can be made from a helically bent sheet metal. By means of a curved or curved Ableitfläche sliding or slipping of the soil material can be further supported by the Bohrwendel.

Grundsätzlich kann die Bohrwendel weitgehend einheitlich entlang der Bohrschnecke ausgebildet sein. Ein differenziertes Abgleitverhalten kann nach der Erfindung dadurch erreicht werden, dass sich der Ableitwinkel im axialen Verlauf der Bohrwendel ändert. So kann etwa der Ableitwinkel in einem oberen Bereich steiler oder flacher sein als in einem unteren Bereich der Bohrwendel.In principle, the drilling helix can be formed largely uniformly along the auger. A differentiated sliding behavior can be achieved according to the invention in that the deflection angle changes in the axial course of the drilling helix. For example, the lead angle may be steeper or shallower in an upper area than in a lower area of the drill bit.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Bohrwendelentleerung wird nach einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass die Bohrwendel mit der Ableitfläche mit einer Gleitbeschichtung versehen ist. Die Gleitbeschichtung kann eine Teflonbeschichtung oder eine andere vergleichbare Beschichtung, etwa eine Keramikbeschichtung, sein. Auch bei bindigen Böden kann so die Haftreibung zwischen dem Bodenmaterial und der Bohrwendel reduziert werden, was ein leichteres Abrutschen ermöglicht. Die Gleitbeschichtung kann grundsätzlich auch an dem Mittenschaft angeordnet sein.A further improvement of Bohrwendelentleerung is achieved according to a variant of the invention in that the drill spiral is provided with the discharge surface with a sliding coating. The slip coating may be a Teflon coating or other comparable coating, such as a ceramic coating, his. Even with cohesive soils, the static friction between the soil material and the drill spiral can be reduced, which allows easier slipping. The sliding coating can in principle also be arranged on the center shaft.

Neben einer dauerhaften Gleitbeschichtung kann eine temporäre Gleitbeschichtung, etwa aus einem Flüssigkeitsfilm, etwa einem Ölfilm, vorgesehen werden. Die Gleitbeschichtung kann aus biologisch abbaubaren Schmierölen, insbesondere auf Pflanzenbasis, bestehen. Hierzu gibt es eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, in der eine Auftragseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher die Gleitbeschichtung auf die Bohrwendel aufragbar ist. Die Auftragseinrichtung kann insbesondere eine Sprüh- oder Düseneinrichtung sein, welche entlang der Bohrwendel an verschiedenen Stellen angeordnet ist.In addition to a durable lubricating coating, a temporary lubricating coating, such as a liquid film, such as an oil film, can be provided. The lubricious coating may consist of biodegradable lubricating oils, especially plant based. For this purpose, there is an embodiment of the invention in which an application device is provided, with which the sliding coating can be applied to the drilling helix. In particular, the application device may be a spray or nozzle device which is arranged at different locations along the drill spiral.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es nach der Erfindung, dass die Auftragseinrichtung mindestens eine Düsenöffnung aufweist, welche mit einer Zuführleitung verbunden ist. Insbesondere können mehrere Düsenöffnungen an vorgesehenen Stellen der Bohrwendel angeordnet sein, welche etwa über eine gemeinsame Zuführleitung im Innenraum des rohrförmigen Mittenschaftes miteinander verbunden sind.According to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the application device has at least one nozzle opening which is connected to a supply line. In particular, a plurality of nozzle openings may be arranged at intended locations of the drill spiral, which are connected to one another via a common supply line in the interior of the tubular central shaft.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Bohrgerät zum Erdbohren mit einem im Wesentlichen vertikalen Mast, entlang welchem eine Bohrschnecke verfahrbar und drehend antreibbar angeordnet ist. Ein derartiges Bohrgerät, wie es etwa aus der eingangs genannten DE 34 46 900.7 C2 bekannt ist, ist nach der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine erfindungsgemäße Bohrschnecke, wie sie zuvor beschrieben ist, vorgesehen ist. Mit einem derartigen Bohrgerät, bei dem vorzugsweise der Mast an einem Raupenfahrzeug angeordnet ist, kann ein effizientes Erdbohren erfolgen, da die Bohrwendel leichter und damit schneller auch bei bindigen Böden entleert werden kann.The invention further relates to a drill for drilling with a substantially vertical mast, along which a drilling auger is arranged to be movable and rotatably driven. Such a drill, as for example from the aforementioned DE 34 46 900.7 C2 is known, according to the invention is characterized in that a drilling screw according to the invention, as described above, is provided. With such a drill, in which preferably the mast is arranged on a tracked vehicle, an efficient Erdbohren can be done because the drill bit can be emptied easier and thus faster even with cohesive soils.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen weiter beschrieben, welche schematisch in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bohrschnecke und
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Bohrschnecke ähnlich zu der von Fig. 1 mit einem teilweisen Vertikalschnitt.
The invention will be further described by means of preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
a side view of a drilling screw according to the invention and
Fig. 2
a side view of another auger similar to that of Fig. 1 with a partial vertical section.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen einer erfindungsgemäßen Bohrschnecke 10 näher beschrieben, welche schematisch in den Figuren 1 bzw. 2 dargestellt sind. Aufgrund des weitgehend gleichen Aufbaus der beiden Bohrschnecken 10 erfolgt eine Beschreibung unmittelbar mit Bezug auf beide Figuren.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to two embodiments of a drilling screw 10 according to the invention, which is schematically illustrated in FIGS FIGS. 1 or 2 are shown. Due to the largely same structure of the two augers 10 is a description directly with reference to both figures.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bohrschnecke 10 weist einen rohrförmigen Mittenschaft 14 auf, welcher koaxial zu einer Vertikalachse 12 angeordnet ist. Der Begriff "vertikal" bezieht sich auf die übliche Anordnung der Bohrschnecke 10 im Betrieb, wobei in bestimmten Fällen auch Abweichungen der Schneckenanordnung um einige Grad abweichend von der Vertikalen auftreten und mitumfasst sind. Am unteren Ende des rohrförmigen Mittenschaftes 14 ist ein Pilot 16 als Zentrierspitze angeordnet. Am oberen Ende ist eine Verbindungseinrichtung 28 angeordnet, welche insbesondere zur Verbindung mit einer Kellystange ausgebildet ist.The auger 10 according to the invention has a tubular central shaft 14, which is arranged coaxially to a vertical axis 12. The term "vertical" refers to the usual arrangement of the auger 10 in operation, and in certain cases also deviations of the screw arrangement occur by a few degrees different from the vertical and are included. At the lower end of the tubular central shaft 14, a pilot 16 is arranged as a centering tip. At the upper end, a connecting device 28 is arranged, which is designed in particular for connection to a Kelly bar.

Am unteren Ende des Mittenschaftes 14 erstreckt sich in radialer Richtung eine Abtragseinrichtung 18, welche aus mehreren Abtragszähnen aufgebaut ist. Durch die Abtragseinrichtung 18 wird Bodenmaterial beim Betrieb der Bohrschnecke 10 abgetragen und zerkleinert. Das abgetragene Bodenmaterial wird von der Abtragseinrichtung 18 in einen rückwärtigen Bereich auf eine Bohrwendel 20 gefördert, welche sich helixförmig um den rohrförmigen Mittenschaft 18 bis zu einem oberen Endbereich erstreckt.At the lower end of the central shaft 14 extends in the radial direction of a removal device 18, which is constructed of a plurality of Abtragszähnen. By removing device 18 soil material is removed during operation of the auger 10 and crushed. The abraded soil material is conveyed by the ablation device 18 in a rearward area onto a drill spiral 20 which helically extends around the tubular central shaft 18 to an upper end region.

Die Bohrwendel 20 ist in der dargestellten schematischen Ausführungsform aus drei Bohrwindungen 24 aufgebaut, welche jeweils etwa einen Vollkreis abdecken. Wie insbesondere aus der Teilschnittdarstellung von Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, weist die Bohrwendel 20 eine Basiswendel 21 auf, welche in herkömmlicher Weise im Vertikalschnitt einen zur Vertikalachse 12 rechtwinkligen oder horizontalen Verlauf aufweist. Auf diese Basiswendel 21 ist auf der Oberseite ein erstes Ableitelement 30a und auf dessen Unterseite ein zweites kleineres Ableitelement 30b aufgebracht. Die Ableitelemente 30a, 30b sind ebenfalls helixförmig ausgebildet, weisen jedoch gegenüber der Vertikalachse 12 einen spitzen Ableitwinkel 38 auf. Der Ableitwinkel 38 ist der jeweils kleinere Winkel, welcher durch die Vertikalachse 12 und eine Ableitfläche 32 des Ableitelementes 30 im Vertikalschnitt aufgespannt ist.The drilling helix 20 is constructed in the illustrated schematic embodiment of three drill coils 24, each covering about a full circle. As in particular from the partial sectional view of Fig. 2 can be seen, the drill bit 20 has a base coil 21, which has a perpendicular to the vertical axis 12 perpendicular or horizontal course in a conventional manner in vertical section. On this base coil 21, a first discharge element 30a is applied on the upper side and a second, smaller discharge element 30b is applied on its lower side. The diverting elements 30a, 30b are also helical, but face each other the vertical axis 12 a sharp discharge angle 38. The discharge angle 38 is the respective smaller angle, which is spanned by the vertical axis 12 and a discharge surface 32 of the discharge element 30 in vertical section.

Wie insbesondere im Verlauf des unteren Ableitelementes 30b zu ersehen ist, verbreitert sich das Ableitelement 30b im axialen Verlauf der Bohrwendel 20. Durch die schräg gestellten Ableitelemente 30a, 30b wird zwischen den einzelnen Bohrwendeln 24 ein etwa keilförmiger Zwischenraum 22 ausgebildet, welcher sich radial nach außen hin erweitert. Durch diesen keilförmigen, sich erweiternden Zwischenraum 22 und der schräg gestellten Ableitfläche 32 des oberen Ableitelementes 30a wird ein leichteres Abrutschen des abgetragenen Bodenmateriales von der Bohrwendel 20 erreicht, wenn die Bohrschnecke 10 aus dem Bohrloch herausgezogen ist. Dies erlaubt auch bei bindigen Böden eine gute Entleerung der Bohrwendel 20 der Bohrschnecke 10 durch intermittierendes, also schnell wechselndes Drehen der Bohrschnecke 10.As can be seen in particular in the course of the lower discharge element 30b, the discharge element 30b widens in the axial direction of the drill spiral 20. The obliquely arranged discharge elements 30a, 30b form an approximately wedge-shaped intermediate space 22 between the individual drill coils 24 which extends radially outwardly extended. By this wedge-shaped widening gap 22 and the inclined discharge surface 32 of the upper discharge element 30a, an easier slipping of the removed soil material is achieved by the drilling helix 20 when the auger 10 is pulled out of the wellbore. This allows even with cohesive soils a good emptying of the drilling helix 20 of the auger 10 by intermittent, so quickly changing rotating the auger 10th

Zur Verbesserung der Entleerung kann auf die Ableitfläche 32 zumindest des oberen Ableitelementes 30a eine Gleitbeschichtung aufgebracht sein, durch welche die Haftreibung reduziert ist. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 ist zum Aufbringen der Gleitbeschichtung zusätzlich eine Abtragseinrichtung vorgesehen, von welcher in Fig. 2 lediglich Düsenöffnungen 42 an dem Mittenschaft 14 dargestellt sind. Über eine nicht dargestellte Zuführleitung im Inneren des Mittenschaftes 14 kann eine Gleitflüssigkeit, etwa ein Pflanzenöl, auf die Bohrwendel 20 aufgesprüht werden. Das Auftragen kann vor und/oder während des Bohrens oder des Entleervorganges erfolgen.To improve the emptying can be applied to the discharge surface 32 of at least the upper discharge element 30a, a sliding coating, by which the static friction is reduced. In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is for applying the lubricious coating additionally provided a removal device, of which in Fig. 2 only nozzle openings 42 are shown on the central shaft 14. A lubricating fluid, such as a vegetable oil, can be sprayed onto the drilling helix 20 via a feed line (not shown) in the interior of the center shaft 14. The application can take place before and / or during drilling or emptying.

Durch die einfachere und damit schnellere Entleerung der Bohrwendel 24 steht die Bohrschnecke 10 nach einem Bohrvorgang wieder schneller für einen weiteren Bohrvorgang zur Verfügung. Damit kann die Maschinennutzung erhöht werden. Zum Abschütteln des Bodenmaterials kann auch mit geringerer Geschwindigkeit gedreht werden, wodurch Beschädigungen am Gerät vermieden werden können.Due to the easier and thus faster emptying of the drilling helix 24, the auger 10 is faster again after a drilling operation for a further drilling operation available. This can increase the machine usage. To shake off the soil material can also be rotated at a slower speed, which damage to the device can be avoided.

Claims (12)

  1. Auger for soil drilling with a central shaft (14) which is tubular and coaxial to a vertical axis (12) and with at least one drill flight (20) made of a sheet metal, wherein the drill flight (20) extends helically around the central shaft (14) and is fixed thereon, and on the drill flight (20) a discharge element (30) having a rectangular cross-sectional course is arranged in order to form a discharge surface (32),
    wherein for the radial discharge of drilled soil material the discharge surface (32) is positioned in a radially outward inclined manner on the drill flight (20) and, in a vertical section, has a discharge angle (38) that differs from 90° with respect to the vertical axis (12),
    characterized in that
    the discharge surface (32) is arranged in a radially internal portion of the drill flight (20).
  2. Auger according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the drill flight is welded to the central shaft (14).
  3. Auger according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    a space (22) which is defined between two axially adjacent turns (24) of the drill flight (20) widens radially outwards from the vertical axis (12).
  4. Auger according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the discharge element (30) is formed of a sheet metal.
  5. Auger according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the discharge surface (32) is arranged on an upper side, an underside or on the upper side and the underside of the drill flight (32).
  6. Auger according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the discharge surface (32) is only arranged in an axial portion of the drill flight (20).
  7. Auger according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the discharge surface (32) is designed in a linear or arched manner in cross-section.
  8. Auger according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the discharge angle (38) changes in the axial course of the drill flight (20).
  9. Auger according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the drill flight (20) with the discharge surface (32) is provided with a slide coating.
  10. Auger according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    an application means is provided, with which the slide coating can be applied onto the drill flight (20).
  11. Auger according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the application means has at least one nozzle opening (42) which is connected to a supply line.
  12. Drilling apparatus for soil drilling
    with a substantially vertical mast, along which an auger (10) can be moved and driven in a rotating manner,
    characterized in that
    an auger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is provided.
EP13193903.5A 2013-11-21 2013-11-21 Auger drive for drilling into soil Active EP2876246B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13193903.5A EP2876246B1 (en) 2013-11-21 2013-11-21 Auger drive for drilling into soil
CN201410670151.8A CN104653110B (en) 2013-11-21 2014-11-21 For the auger of soil drilling

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13193903.5A EP2876246B1 (en) 2013-11-21 2013-11-21 Auger drive for drilling into soil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2876246A1 EP2876246A1 (en) 2015-05-27
EP2876246B1 true EP2876246B1 (en) 2019-05-01

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EP (1) EP2876246B1 (en)
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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3361040B1 (en) * 2017-02-13 2019-11-27 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Soil processing tool and method for creating a hole in the soil
CN106869775B (en) * 2017-03-08 2018-11-27 杭州富阳飞尚装饰工程有限公司 A kind of arc ground pile auger of municipal administration pile foundation engineering
CN111980593B (en) * 2020-09-10 2022-05-17 贵州财经大学 Drilling device for oil exploitation
CN113250610B (en) * 2021-06-07 2022-11-08 山东科技大学 Spiral propelling type underground exploration trolley

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DE2059232B1 (en) * 1970-12-02 1972-03-09 Werkzeugbau Gmbh Rock drill
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DE3446900C2 (en) 1984-12-21 1986-10-23 Karl Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH & Co KG, 8898 Schrobenhausen Method and device for cleaning the helix of an auger
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US2981403A (en) * 1957-04-15 1961-04-25 Joy Mfg Co Conveying apparatus

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EP2876246A1 (en) 2015-05-27
CN104653110B (en) 2017-06-20

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