EP3067512B1 - Rotary drilling tool, drilling device and method for creating a borehole in the ground - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rotary drilling tool for creating a bore in the ground with a tubular base body, arranged on an underside of the body cutting device for processing soil material, a receiving space in the body for receiving soil material and arranged on an upper surface of the body end plate with at least one Through hole, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a drilling device for creating a bore in the ground with a mast and a drill drive for rotatably driving a drilling tool, according to the preamble of claim 14.

The invention further relates to a method for creating a hole in the ground with a drilling tool, according to the preamble of claim 15.

Rotary drilling tools are used in a variety of soil material, especially in loose rock and hard rock material to drill holes, especially in a ground. In general, rotary drilling tools, core drills, box drills and augers are known, wherein the cutting action of a core drill is limited to an annular cutting area and box drills and augers work the soil basically throughout the Bohrquerschnitt. Such a rotary drilling tool in the form of a core drill is, for example, from DE 36 11 014 C2 known.

For larger depths, core drills and box drills are generally used with the addition of rinsing fluid in the borehole. Decisive reasons and advantages of adding rinsing fluid when drilling in different soil material In particular, the improvement in the promotion of the worked-soil material, the stabilization of the borehole wall and the cooling of the cutting device with their individual cutting means. From the DE 1 256 598 shows a rotary drilling tool, in which a flow of rinsing liquid for improved promotion and a receiving space are provided in the interior of the body for receiving the processed soil material.

In the US 2,313,806 a drilling tool for core removal is described. The drilling tool has a core tube with which cores can be pulled. From the US 2013/0081877 A is a drilling system with a core tube and a coupled to a Kelly bar hollow auger known.

In the CN 201943581 U is shown surrounded by a tube auger with annularly arranged on the underside of the tube Abtragsmeißeln. Also the FR 2 408 693 shows a worm drill which is surrounded by a tube, wherein on the underside of the drill Abtragswerkzeuge are arranged.

Rotary drilling tools allow, in particular with the addition of rinsing liquid, a generally efficient and safe working off of soil material for creating a borehole, in particular in a building ground. Stable boreholes can thus be economically produced in large depths and in different soil material. However, efficient and targeted conveying of the washing liquid is problematic in rotary drilling tools with cylindrical basic bodies due to the limited installation space.

The invention has for its object to provide a rotary drilling tool, a drill and a method for creating a hole in the ground, with which a bore can be carried out particularly efficiently.

The object is achieved according to the invention on the one hand by a rotary drilling tool with the features of claim 1, a drill with the features of claim 14 and on the other with a method for creating a hole in the ground with the features of claim 15. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the respective dependent claims.

The rotary drilling tool according to the invention is characterized in that a pumping device is arranged in the region of the at least one passage opening, through which a flow of rinsing liquid can be generated by the at least one passage opening and which extends radially along the end plate. With the pumping device, which is located in the region of the at least one passage opening and which extends radially along the end plate, an efficient flow of rinsing liquid through the passage opening of the base body can be generated. By this particularly efficient and at the same time space-saving arrangement of the pumping device is a supply of liquid in the interior of the body in principle without further flow-generating or flow-supporting facilities possible, in particular to the cutting device on the underside of the body. In order for a hole can also be performed with a rotary drilling tool with a partially closed tubular body in a particularly efficient manner.

In principle, the pump device can be arranged in any way in the region of the at least one passage opening. A particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention is that the pumping device is arranged on a top or bottom of the end plate. The pumping device can in particular be attached to the end plate and / or rotatably mounted. In the first variant, it experiences the same rotational speed as the rotary drilling tool itself. In the second variant, it can transmit a rotational speed independent of the rotational speed of the rotary tool with a gear. Thus, a particularly space-saving spatial arrangement of the pumping device is effected, which scarcely affects the processing of the soil material by the cutting device arranged on the underside of the basic body and does not substantially restrict the uptake of the soil material in the receiving space of the basic body. This leads to a high absorption capacity for processed soil material in the main body of the rotary drilling tool.

In this case, according to a development of the invention, a particularly expedient operation results from the fact that the pumping device is designed to convey the rinsing liquid into the receiving space of the base body or out of the receiving space of the base body. The overpressure or underpressure in the body filled with rinsing fluid for flushing the cutting device with rinsing liquid is generated by a suction effect of the pumping device directed into or out of the base body. A flow of the rinsing liquid is generated in the receiving space or out of the receiving space.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is that the pumping device is designed as a screw pump. A screw pump in the form of an at least partially or partially wound around a shaft spiral causes a targeted and uniform flow of rinsing fluid through the passage opening solely by the rotational movement of the rotary drilling tool. The spiral forms together with the surrounding body or borehole wall Chambers in which rinsing liquid is conveyed by continuous rotation about the shaft, which represents the central axis of the screw pump. By constantly dissolving at the first spiral end side and forming on the second spiral end chambers chambers necessary for the flow of the rinsing liquid pumping effect is achieved. Another advantageous aspect of this embodiment is that the screw pump extends substantially radially and thus represents a particularly space-saving design of the pumping device by a particularly good adaptation to the tubular base body.

For the existing before and after the cutter flow of the rinsing liquid along the inside and outside of the body, it is advantageous according to a further embodiment of the invention that the tubular body at an outer and / or inside a conveyor coil for conveying rinsing liquid and / or has finished soil material. By supporting the supply and / or discharge of rinsing liquid for rinsing the cutting device, in particular by an inner and / or outer conveyor spiral, the targeted flow of rinsing liquid in the interior and / or exterior of the body is supported, especially in areas in the soil material in the form of a drill core or the borehole wall at the rotary drilling tool is at a small distance.

The rinsing liquid can basically and in known manner exit the borehole in an upper region of the borehole or be carried away therefrom and, if appropriate after a separation of the soil material, be returned to the rinsing liquid circulation to the pumping device.

In principle, the cutting device can have any suitable cutting means which can be selected to be abrasive-effective and wear-resistant, depending on the soil material. Particularly suitable embodiments of the invention are that the cutting device has at least one rotatably mounted roller chisel and / or at least one stationary round shank chisel and / or at least one stationary erosion tooth. Preferably, a plurality of roller bits are arranged for dissolving harder soil material. Furthermore, a variety of round shanks or Abtragszähnen alone or in combination with the roller bits are suitable, an effective application of force and Abtragswirkung depending on the degree of hardness and the nature of the soil material to achieve.

In a further embodiment of the invention, basically any arrangement of cutting means on the cutting device can be selected. To form a core, such a preferred embodiment of the invention is that a plurality of rotatably mounted roller bits and / or fixed round shank chisel and / or fixed Abtragszähne are mounted in an annular arrangement on the underside of the body. A rotational movement of the drilling tool and the annular arrangement of the cutting means cause an annular removal of soil material and with a corresponding Bohrfortschritt forming a core inside the body, which is detachable in further steps of the bottom hole and pulled out of the well.

For surface release of soil material, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention results in that a plurality of rotatably mounted roller bits and / or fixed round shank chisel and / or fixed Abtragszähne are mounted in a radial arrangement on the underside of the body at least partially flat and / or conical. By an at least partially radial arrangement of cutting means in the entire drill cross section, the removal of the soil material in partial areas or in the entire region of the underside of the base body is achieved by a plurality of selective force. The formation of a drill core is not provided in this embodiment of the invention.

In principle, the cutting means can be attached in any way to the base body. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly expedient that the at least one or more rotatably mounted roller bits and / or the at least one or more stationary round shank chisels and / or the at least one or more stationary abrasive teeth are interchangeably attached to the base body. In particular, the cutting device can provide holders into which the respective cutting means are inserted detachably and non-positively. Since the cutting means, in particular the roller bits, the round shank bits or the Abtragszähne, a high wear by abrasion are exposed to the soil material or possible damage, they can be changed so quickly, depending on the embodiment of the brackets from the outside or inside of the body, which allows efficient operation and rapid maintenance of the rotary drilling tool.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that a connecting device for connecting the tubular base body is mounted with a Bohrantriebsmittel at the top of the body. The connecting device can in particular be designed as Kellybox, with which a drill string, in particular a Kelly rod for transmitting a torque and a feed force, can be releasably and non-positively fastened. The rotary drilling tool can thus be used on conventional drilling rigs.

For the embodiment of the pumping device, it is provided according to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention that the screw pump has at least one helical conveying spiral and / or at least one inclined turbine blade. The promotion of the rinsing liquid, in particular in the interior of the base body and towards the cutting device, can be achieved here by the at least one rotating conveyor spiral or by the at least one inclined turbine blade. A combination of conveyor coils and turbine blades allows for an improvement in the flow of flushing fluid.

In essence, the tubular body and the pumping means may have any dimensions. A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, is that the screw pump has an axial length which is smaller than the axial length of the tubular base body, in particular a ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 2.5. In this way, in particular an advantageous space distribution and center of gravity position of the rotary drilling tool can be achieved.

A particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention is that the rotary drilling tool is a core drill, which is designed to produce a core and its reception in the interior of the body. The soil material is expediently worked off annularly by the cutting device, which has an annular configuration of cutting means. Especially In this way, a cylindrical drill core is efficiently produced in the borehole by the annular removal of solid soil material.

After forming a core in the receiving space of the body from the pending at the bottom hole soil this is held in a known manner with a Kernfangeinrichtung, such as a Kernfangring, inside the body frictionally and subsequently separated by force from the bottom hole and together with the rotary drilling tool in Form of the core drill conveyed to the subsoil surface.

A further particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention consists in that the rotary drilling tool is a box drill, which is designed for receiving areal finished soil material in the interior of the main body. The soil material is removed by a planar arrangement of cutting means in the entire drill cross section through the cutter and fed through receiving openings of a closable bottom plate on the underside of the body to the receiving space in the body. The borehole is further prepared by emptying the receiving space on the ground surface in an economical manner. By appropriately closing and reopening flaps at the receiving openings, the collected soil material can be trapped on the subsoil surface during transport and released there again.

With regard to the drill, the object mentioned above is achieved according to the invention in that a rotary drilling tool is provided according to one of the preceding claims. By connecting the rotary drilling tool according to the invention with a drill drive, which is mounted on a mast of a drill and rotatably drives the rotary drilling tool, boreholes can be created with such a drill particularly efficient in the ground and in all upcoming soil materials and basically in all technically achievable Teufen.

Next with respect to the method, the object mentioned above is achieved according to the invention in that a rotary drilling tool according to one of the preceding claims is used. In this case, the rotary drilling tool according to the invention, In particular, with the above-described drill for creating a hole in the ground are used to perform such holes as explained above, efficiently and economically.

Fig. 1:

eine Seitenansicht eines ersten erfindungsgemäßen Drehbohrwerkzeugs;

Fig. 2:

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Drehbohrwerkzeugs von Fig. 1;

Fig. 3:

eine Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Drehbohrwerkzeugs;

Fig. 4:

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Drehbohrwerkzeugs von Fig. 3;

Fig. 5:

eine Ansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Drehbohrwerkzeugs von Fig. 3 von oben.

The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated schematically in the attached drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1:

a side view of a first rotary drilling tool according to the invention;

Fig. 2:

a perspective view of the rotary drilling tool of Fig. 1 ;

3:

a side view of a second embodiment of a rotary drilling tool according to the invention;

4:

a perspective view of the rotary drilling tool of Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5:

a view of the rotary drilling tool according to the invention of Fig. 3 from above.

A first embodiment of a rotary drilling tool 10 according to the invention will be described below in connection with FIGS FIGS. 1 and 2 explained. The rotary drilling tool 10 has a tubular base body 12, which may typically have a diameter between 0.5 m and 4.0 m. On a lower side of the main body 12, a cutting device 30 is arranged. The cutting device 30 has in this embodiment, a plurality of roller chisels 32 in an annular and mutually staggered arrangement. The roller bits 32 are directed in particular in an alternating manner radially inwards and outwards. The roller bits 32 are further attached in this embodiment releasably secured to the underside of the base body 12. In addition to the plurality of roller bits 32, a plurality of Abtragszähnen 34 are also releasably attached to the underside of the body 12. Inside the main body 12 there is a receiving space 14, which is bounded by an inner tube wall 13 of the main body 12, by the cutting device 30 on the underside of the main body 12 and by an end plate 16 on the upper side of the main body 12 together with a pumping device 20 arranged thereon is. The end plate 16 has four through holes 18. Next to the end plate 16 of the main body 12, a connecting device 40 is firmly connected.

The pumping device 20, which is designed in this embodiment as a screw pump, has two 180 ° offset from each other arranged conveying helices 22. The first and second delivery helix 22 extend radially along the end plate 16 of the main body 12 to the inner tube wall 13. The conveyor helices 22 are in this embodiment firmly connected to the top of the base body 12, in particular welded. The above-mentioned conveying helices 22 are arranged and connected to the end plate 16 of the main body 12 so as to form an axial portion of a double helix. The enclosed in the inner tube wall 13, the end plate 16 and the cutter 30 volume minus the claimed by the pumping device 20 volume describes the receiving space 14, which is provided for receiving a separated by the cutter 30 from the bottom drill core, not shown.

The tubular base body 12 has the previously mentioned, inwardly parallel offset pipe wall 13, which has on the bottom recesses 15 in a paired arrangement. Thus, the tubular body 12 with its inner tube wall 13 and the cutter 30 on the one hand flush with the bottom hole and on the other hand allows a flow of rinsing fluid along the bottom hole through the recesses 15 to the cutter 30.

The tubular base body 12 has further on its upper side the already mentioned above end plate 16, which terminates flush with the outside of the tubular base body 12 with this. In order to ensure access of rinsing liquid to the main body 12 and further to the cutting device 30, four passage openings 18 in the form of four uniform circular recesses in the end plate 16 are provided. In the center of the end plate 16 is a connecting device 40, which is formed in the present embodiment as a Kellybox for connecting the rotary drilling tool 10 to a Bohrantriebsmittel, which is provided here as Kellystange appropriate. The Kelly bar is in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 not shown. The connection device 40 is designed to receive the Kelly bar substantially in a rectangular construction. To transmit torque from the drill drive means to the rotary drilling tool 10, four stiffening elements 41 are arranged on the connecting device 40 and the end plate 16 between the individual passage openings 18 and firmly connected to the end plate 16 and the connecting device 40, in particular welded, for static reasons. The stiffening elements 41 in this case have statically not relevant recesses in their middle. The end plate 16 thus serves in the present embodiment to constructively connect the main body 12 to the connecting device 40 while at the same time allowing a flow of rinsing fluid through the through-openings 18 to the pump device 20 attached to the end plate 16.

In rotating operation of the rotary drilling tool 10, the pending soil material is processed annularly by the annular cutting device 30, wherein a drill core within the inner tube wall 13 is formed successively, which projects into the receiving space 14. For improved promotion of the processed soil, for stabilizing the borehole wall and in particular for cooling the cutting device 30 rinsing liquid is passed through the through holes 18 to the pumping device 20 from the existing wellbore and from the pumping device 20 into the receiving space 14 and further between the inner tube wall 13 and the drill core to the cutting device 30 and in particular also to the roller bits 32 and the Abtragszähnen 34 promoted. An outer and / or inner conveyor coil, not shown, on the outer side of the tubular base body 12 or on the inner tube wall 13 support the flow of the rinsing liquid from the pumping device 20 to the cutting device 30 and back to the ground surface.

In the FIGS. 3 to 5 a second embodiment of a rotary drilling tool 10 according to the invention is shown. The basic structure of this rotary drilling tool 10 with a tubular base 12, a cutting device 30 on the underside of the tubular body 10, a pumping device 20, a cover plate 16 with through holes 18 and a connecting device 40 corresponds to the structure of the rotary drilling tool 10 according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 ,

A first significant difference, however, is that the rotary drilling tool 10 after the FIGS. 3 to 5 a pumping device 20 which is attached to the top of the end plate 16 and does not protrude into the tubular body 12. Furthermore, the pumping device 20, as in the first embodiment, a screw pump, wherein in this embodiment, two inclined turbine blades 24 are provided. Since it is not a core drill, but a box drill in the embodiment shown here, no inner tube wall 13 is provided.

A second significant difference from the first exemplary embodiment is that the cutting device 30 essentially has a planar arrangement of round shank chisels 33 in radial subassemblies. Furthermore, the embodiment shown here according to the invention is designed to receive areal removed soil material in the interior of the main body 12, which is available here unrestrictedly as a receiving space 14.

The pumping device 20, which as already explained above, is designed as a screw pump, has two turbine blades 24 arranged in opposite directions. The turbine blades 24 extend radially along the end plate 16 of the body 12 to the continued wall of the tubular body 12. The turbine blades 24 are in this embodiment fixedly connected to the top of the body 12 arranged end plate 16, in particular welded. Furthermore, the turbine blades 24 are firmly connected to the connecting device 40, also welded in particular here. The turbine blades 24 are arranged so that, with a corresponding direction of rotation of the rotary drilling tool 10, an inflow of the flushing fluid through the provided through-holes 18 is established.

Basically, the cutting device 30 is configured such that the cutting means provided in radial subassemblies, in this case round shank chisel 33, remove the soil material at the bottom of the hole in the entire bore cross section and feed it to the receiving space 14 via receiving openings (not shown).

According to the rotary drilling tool 10 of the first embodiment, the connecting device 40 is formed as Kellybox and for receiving a Kelly bar intended. Similar to the first exemplary embodiment, stiffening elements 41 are connected to the connecting device 40 and the end plate 16, in particular welded, which are offset by 90 ° relative to the turbine blades 24.

By spatial arrangement of the pumping device 20 outside of the tubular base body 12 and a planar arrangement of cutting means of the cutting device 30, the entire interior of the base body 12 is available as a receiving space 14 for receiving abraded soil material. A box drill as shown in this embodiment is suitable for the removal of less hard soil material compared to the soil material suitable for the first embodiment as compared with a core drill as shown in the first embodiment.

The pumping device 20 according to the invention explained in both exemplary embodiments, in particular in the form of the screw pump, is thus to a particular degree to increase the efficiency in the creation of a borehole, in particular with a core drill or with a box borer.

Claims (14)

1. Rotary drilling tool (10) for producing a bore in the ground with

   - a tubular base body (12),

   - a cutting means (30) arranged on an underside of the base body (12) for removing ground material,

   - a receiving space (14) in the base body (12) for receiving ground material and

   - an end plate (16) which is arranged on an upper side of the base body (12) and has at least one through-opening (18),

   characterized in that
   in the area of the at least one through-opening (18) a pump means (20) designed as screw pump is arranged, by which a flow of flush liquid through the at least one through-opening (18) can be generated and which extends radially along the end plate (16).
2. Rotary drilling tool according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the pump means (20) is arranged on an upper or underside of the end plate (16).
3. Rotary drilling tool according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the pump means (20) is designed for conveying the flush liquid into the receiving space (14) of the base body (12) or out of the receiving space (14) of the base body (12).
4. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   on an outer and/or inner side the tubular base body (12) has a flight for conveying flush liquid and/or removed ground material.
5. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the cutting means (30) has at least one rotatably supported roller bit (32) and/or at least one stationary round shank bit (33) and/or at least one stationary removal tooth (34).
6. Rotary drilling tool according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   several rotatably supported roller bits (32) and/or stationary round shank bits (33) and/or stationary removal teeth (34) are mounted in a ring-shaped arrangement on the underside of the base body (12).
7. Rotary drilling tool according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterized in that
   the at least one or several rotatably supported roller bits (32) and/or the at least one or several stationary round shank bits (33) and/or the at least one or several stationary removal teeth (34) are mounted in an exchangeable manner on the base body (12).
8. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   a connecting means (40) for connecting the tubular base body (12) to a drill drive instrument is mounted on the upper side of the base body (12).
9. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   the screw pump has at least one helical conveyor flight (22) and/or at least one inclined turbine blade (24).
10. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the screw pump has an axial length which is smaller than the axial length of the tubular base body (12).
11. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 6 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the rotary drilling tool (10) is a core drill which is designed for producing a drill core and for receiving the drill core in the interior of the base body (12).
12. Rotary drilling tool according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the rotary drilling tool (10) is a drilling bucket which is designed for receiving extensively removed ground material in the interior of the base body (12).
13. Drilling apparatus for producing a bore in the ground with a mast and a drill drive for driving a drilling tool in a rotatable manner,
    characterized in that
    a rotary drilling tool (10) according to any one of the preceding claims is provided.
14. Method for producing a bore in the ground with a drilling tool,
    characterized in that
    a rotary drilling tool (10) according to any one of the preceding claims is used.

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