EP3359263B1 - Sprinkler für feuerlöschanlagen - Google Patents

Sprinkler für feuerlöschanlagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3359263B1
EP3359263B1 EP16787743.0A EP16787743A EP3359263B1 EP 3359263 B1 EP3359263 B1 EP 3359263B1 EP 16787743 A EP16787743 A EP 16787743A EP 3359263 B1 EP3359263 B1 EP 3359263B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sprinkler
sealing
closure element
fluid
sealing surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16787743.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3359263A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Schnell
Frank Rönnfeldt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minimax GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Minimax GmbH and Co KG
Preussag AG Minimax
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Minimax GmbH and Co KG, Preussag AG Minimax filed Critical Minimax GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3359263A1 publication Critical patent/EP3359263A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3359263B1 publication Critical patent/EP3359263B1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
    • A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
    • A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
    • A62C37/14—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sprinkler for fire extinguishing systems according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Aforementioned sprinklers are generally known and are used both as high-pressure sprinklers and as low-pressure sprinklers. What these types of sprinklers have in common is that after their initial installation, they often remain dormant for very long periods of time. In the best case, such sprinklers are not used during their entire service life due to the absence of fire incidents.
  • the seals used in the sprinklers tend to stick to the sealing surface over time, making it difficult or even impossible to open the closure elements if the sprinklers are used in the event of a fire must.
  • the known seals partially or completely fall apart in extreme cases in those situations in which opening is made difficult but not prevented. Pieces of the sealing elements then move freely inside the sprinklers and can potentially clog the fluid outlets.
  • sealing elements that are compressed exclusively in the axial direction in the sprinkler to achieve the sealing effect, it has been observed in particular that the sealing element loses sealing force over longer periods of time due to the high level of precompression required to generate the sealing effect. Furthermore, it has been observed as a disadvantage that the necessary high pre-compression is built into the sprinkler thermal release element loaded in addition to the pressure load by the system pressure. Although the thermally activatable tripping elements normally have sufficient safety factors to withstand these pressures, the additional load resulting from the necessary pre-compression is felt to be disadvantageous.
  • U.S. 2014/374126 A1 or U.S. 2014/367125 A1 relate to fire extinguishing sprinklers having a sprinkler housing within which a fluid passage is formed.
  • a movable blocking element with a conical sealing surface is arranged in the fluid channel.
  • the blocking element acts with its conical sealing surface on a sealing element arranged in a stationary manner in the sprinkler housing.
  • DE 299 22 674 U1 discloses a sprinkler having a nozzle body mounted to a sprinkler housing. On the outside, the sprinkler housing is surrounded by a sleeve part that can be moved in relation to the sprinkler housing. If the sprinkler is brought into its ready position by pressurization, the sleeve part moves along the sprinkler housing and pushes a protective cap covering the nozzle head off the sprinkler.
  • JP 2008264036 A shows a fire extinguishing head with a housing body on which a closure element is movably accommodated, which is held in the locked position via an activatable trigger element.
  • a spring seal is arranged on the closure element and, in the blocked position, presses against an outlet opening with an expanding structure.
  • the invention was based on the object of specifying a sprinkler in which the disadvantages mentioned above are alleviated as far as possible.
  • the invention was based on the object of specifying a sprinkler in which, despite a long service life, the error-free functioning is not impaired.
  • a sprinkler is proposed with a sprinkler housing, a fluid channel provided in the sprinkler housing with a fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet, a closure element which can be moved from a blocking position into a release position, the closure element closing the fluid channel in the blocking position and in the release position, a thermally activatable triggering element, which holds the closure element in the blocked position until thermal activation, and a sealing element, which is arranged between the sprinkler housing and the closure element and is set up to close the fluid channel in a fluid-tight manner in the blocked position, wherein the sealing element is radially and axially compressed in the blocking position to apply the sealing effect.
  • Closing of the fluid channel is understood in this context to mean that a fluid-conducting connection from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet is interrupted in the blocked position, while it exists in the released position.
  • the thermal release element is preferably designed in such a way that it is destroyed by thermal action or changes its structure.
  • the thermally activatable triggering element is particularly preferably a sprinkler ampoule, in particular a fluid-filled glass ampoule.
  • the thermally activatable tripping element is designed as a fusible link or metal element with memory properties, for example as a bimetal element
  • the invention is based on the finding that with known seals, due to the sometimes very high contact pressures (in particular when the sprinklers are operated as high-pressure sprinklers) Changes in the material properties of the sealing elements occur over time, which on the one hand lead to setting processes of the sealing elements on the surface structure of the adjacent sealing surfaces, and on the other hand lead to incrustations or embrittlement of the material itself.
  • the sealing elements are always compressed either exclusively radially or exclusively axially to produce the sealing effect.
  • the sealing element has to be displaced a comparatively long distance in the release direction along the sealing surface in order to release the fluid channel. This exposes the sealing element to a high shearing load, which firstly results in increased resistance to movement and secondly the risk of partial or complete destruction of the sealing element, with the disadvantageous effect of releasing particles inside the sprinkler.
  • the invention starts right here by providing an arrangement of the sealing element in which the sealing element is compressed both radially and axially.
  • the combination of a radial and axial sealing effect creates two or more partial sealing surfaces on the sealing element, which are each smaller than a single sealing surface in sealing elements from the prior art.
  • the sprinklers according to the invention designed in this way already show a significantly lower susceptibility to errors and a significantly lower risk of destruction of the sealing elements due to the lower tendency of the sealing elements to stick, which is associated with increased operational reliability of the sprinklers.
  • the thermally activatable triggering element is preferably set up to give up the resistance to moving the closure element out of the blocked position when a predefined temperature is exceeded, whereupon the closure element can move from the blocked position into the released position and the extinguishing fluid can flow out of the fluid outlets through the fluid channel can.
  • the sprinkler is preferably attached to a pipeline carrying extinguishing fluid on the side of the fluid inlet, either directly or indirectly via an adapter.
  • the sealing element in the blocking position, the sealing element is pressed against a sealing surface that widens in a release direction A.
  • the release direction A is understood here as the direction of movement of the closure element from the blocked position into the released position.
  • the sealing surface that widens in the release direction is understood to mean that the surface normal of the sealing surface has an angle that is not equal to 90° with respect to the release direction A.
  • the widening sealing surface is formed on the sprinkler housing.
  • the widening sealing surface is preferably conical, at least in sections, and/or convexly curved and/or concavely curved.
  • a convex curvature is understood to mean a progressive widening in the release direction
  • a concave curvature is understood to mean a degressive widening in the release direction A.
  • the common advantage of the different configurations of the expanding sealing surface is that the sealing element no longer touches the expanding sealing surface after an extremely short stroke from the blocked position.
  • the sealing element In contrast to the sealing elements known from the prior art, which are exclusively loaded radially, the sealing element no longer has to be pushed along the sealing surface over extensive distances in the axial direction (i.e. in the release direction A). On the one hand, this leads to a significantly reduced triggering resistance and, on the other hand, to a significantly reduced risk of the sealing element being destroyed when it is opened. Both contribute directly to the overall increased operational reliability of the sprinkler.
  • the first sealing element is formed from a list consisting of: O-ring, O-ring with support ring, quad ring, multi-lip sealing ring, in particular X-ring or V-ring, grooved ring, vulcanized sealing element, or as a combination of several of these sealing elements .
  • the closure element has an axially extending sealing surface, against which the sealing element is pressed in the locked position.
  • the closure element has a radially extending sealing surface, against which the sealing element is pressed in the locked position.
  • the axial and/or radial sealing surfaces are in this case counter surfaces to the expanding sealing surface, with the primary sealing effect being produced on the expanding sealing surface, with the one or two further sealing surfaces primarily as a counter bearing, and secondarily as a sealing surface. However, they make an important contribution to minimizing the size of the primary sealing surface.
  • the conical section preferably has a cone angle ⁇ 1, which is in an angular range of 5° to 60°, preferably 10° to 40°, particularly preferably 20° to 30°.
  • the sprinkler housing has a base body and a passage unit.
  • the fluid inlet and/or the widening sealing surface are preferably formed on the passage unit.
  • the passage unit is preferably reversibly detachably connected to the base body, for example by means of a screw connection. This enables the base body to be manufactured economically, for example as a cast part, and the passage unit to be manufactured by machining, which is also economical.
  • the passage unit is also provided with a screen for passage of the extinguishing fluid in the direction of the sealing surface or the closure element in the assembled state.
  • the base body preferably has a connection unit for attaching the sprinkler to an extinguishing fluid supply, i.e. the pipeline system carrying extinguishing fluid, in particular with a receiving channel for receiving the fluid inlet channel, as well as a nozzle head and a cage, with a distribution chamber being formed inside the nozzle head, from which the at least one fluid outlet extends.
  • an extinguishing fluid supply i.e. the pipeline system carrying extinguishing fluid
  • the cage preferably defines a cage space for receiving the thermal trip element.
  • an abutment for receiving and axially positioning the thermal release element in the sprinkler relative to the closure element is provided, in particular formed, on the cage.
  • the closure element has a second sealing surface that tapers in the release direction A
  • the sprinkler housing in particular the base body, has a second sealing surface in the release direction A tapered third sealing surface, wherein the second and third sealing surface are in the release position of the closure element, preferably fluid-tight, against each other.
  • the second and third sealing surfaces which taper in the release direction, form an elastomer-free seal.
  • the second and third tapered sealing surfaces have substantially corresponding surface contours. If the second and third tapered third surface are conical, for example, it is preferred if the cone angle of the two tapered sealing surfaces deviates from one another by only a few degrees, preferably in a range of less than 5° in absolute terms.
  • the sprinkler housing has a recess through which the closure element extends at least in the release position, a protective chamber being defined in the release position between the closure element and the recess, in which the sealing element is arranged.
  • the most effective protective measure for the sealing element consists in removing it as far as possible from the main flow, which extends from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet(s), when it is triggered, ie when the closure element is in the release position.
  • a protective chamber is created between the recess for accommodating the closure element and the sealing element, within which the sealing element is arranged.
  • the sealing element is in the release position according to the invention within the recess for receiving the closure element in a flow-calmed area. Because it is let into this recess, the sealing element is subjected to less severe stresses from the fluid flow of the extinguishing fluid, and the risk of a partial but complete destruction of the sealing element is greatly reduced.
  • the sprinkler housing has a distribution chamber from which both the recess for accommodating the closure element and the at least one fluid outlet branch off, with the recess for accommodating the closure element extending in a first direction, preferably equal to the release direction A, and the at least a fluid outlet extends in a second direction different from the first direction.
  • the sealing element Due to the fact that the recess branches off from the distribution chamber, the sealing element is in the release position of the closure element de facto outside of the distribution chamber in a "side arm" which is already due to the fact that the main flow takes place in the direction of the fluid outlets, the flow is less intense.
  • turbulence forms in and around the recess around the recess for receiving the closure element, which further reduces the flow load on the sealing element.
  • the at least one fluid outlet is preferably located radially outside and/or in front of the recess for accommodating the closure element, viewed in release direction A.
  • a dead space is formed below the fluid outlets during operation, in which the flow moves primarily in a turbulent manner.
  • the closure element has a circumferential groove in which the sealing element is seated.
  • the circumferential groove creates a depression for receiving the sealing element, which radially partially or completely receives it in the closure element, thereby creating a further shielding of the sealing element from the surrounding fluid flow.
  • the closure element preferably has a projection, counter to the release direction A, adjacent to the circumferential groove accommodating the sealing element, to protect the sealing element from the effects of flow in the release position.
  • the projection forms the flank of the groove in the direction of the distribution chamber, starting from the groove and in which the sealing element is seated.
  • the provision of such a projection has the effect that the protective chamber formed between the recess for receiving the closure element and the closure element itself is at least partially closed on its side opposite the release direction A, preferably facing the distribution chamber. This creates a particularly strong isolation of the sealing element from the flow conditions prevailing in the distributor chamber.
  • This design solution is ideal for particularly high operating pressures, for example in the range above 100 bar.
  • a flow deflector is formed on the projection.
  • the flow deflector is preferably set up to serve as an impact element for the extinguishing fluid entering the distribution chamber and to generate turbulence.
  • the flow deflector preferably extends counter to the release direction A into the distribution chamber. More preferably, the flow deflector is set up to deflect extinguishing fluid flowing into the distribution chamber from the first direction in which the recess is aligned.
  • the flow deflector is set up to deflect extinguishing fluid flowing into the distribution chamber toward the second direction in which the fluid outlet or outlets are aligned.
  • the projection preferably has a diameter of at least the sum of a base diameter of the groove, which accommodates the sealing element, and half the material thickness in the radial direction of the sealing element. This ensures good protection and at the same time a reliable seat of the sealing element in the groove.
  • the sprinkler housing is advantageously further developed in that the at least one fluid outlet is designed as a bore, or alternatively as a reversibly detachably coupled insert element which, in particularly preferred configurations, has a swirl body.
  • the sprinkler housing includes a cage that defines a cage space for receiving the closure member in the release position and for receiving a thermally activatable trigger member in the locked position.
  • this configuration enables the sprinkler housing to be used as an open extinguishing nozzle if the thermally activatable triggering element is not used.
  • the closure element is permanently in the release position when the sprinkler housing is in the mounted installation position, which is not disadvantageous because the sealing element is arranged in the protective chamber.
  • this configuration allows the sprinkler housing to be used together with a thermally activatable trigger element inserted into the cage space in a sprinkler, in particular on a high-pressure sprinkler. Consequently, the invention also solves the problem on which it is based in the case of a sprinkler of the type described at the outset, in that a sprinkler housing is used on it, which is designed according to one of the preferred embodiments described above.
  • the invention solves the object on which it is based in the second aspect by using a sprinkler housing according to one of the preferred embodiments described above as an extinguishing nozzle, in particular as an extinguishing nozzle for operating pressures in the range above 16 bar.
  • the sprinkler housing has a fluid channel with a fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet, a distribution chamber from which the at least one fluid outlet branches off, and a cage that defines a cage space for accommodating a thermally activatable trigger element, wherein the distribution chamber and the cage are designed as a one-piece base body and an abutment for the axial and preferably radial positioning of the thermally activatable triggering element is formed on the cage.
  • the cage with its cage space serves to accommodate the thermally activatable triggering element in a blocked position of the sprinkler housing, and after destruction of the thermally activatable triggering element, a closure element that is provided in the sprinkler housing and of a Blocking position can be moved into a release position, in which case the closure element closes the fluid channel in the blocking position and releases it in the release position.
  • the description makes use of the fact that the one-piece design of the distribution chamber and the cage as a base body, together with the abutment molded onto the cage, creates a component with a high degree of functional integration, which can be produced economically and at the same time due to largely dispensing with interfaces minimizes the risk of contamination entering the interior of the sprinkler housing.
  • the success achieved with this approach is that the thermally activatable triggering element only needs to be inserted into the cage.
  • the cage already contains a fixed abutment for the axial and preferably radial positioning of the thermally activatable triggering element, so that a separate adjustment of the axial position and the holding voltage of the thermally activatable triggering element relative to the sprinkler housing is no longer necessary.
  • the closure element is preferably adapted to be held in the locked position when the thermally activatable trigger element is installed until it is triggered by means of the thermally activatable trigger element.
  • the thermally activatable triggering element is held between the closure element and the abutment of the cage, so that the stress acting on the thermally activatable triggering element results exclusively from the dimensioning of the closure element and the fluid pressure present on the fluid channel on the inlet side.
  • Both the fluid pressure and the dimensioning of the closure element can be predefined with a high level of reliability and adjusted during manufacture, so that the risk of incorrect assembly of the thermally activatable triggering element, which would result in its unwanted failure, can be largely ruled out.
  • the sprinkler housing has a closure element which can be moved in a release direction A from a blocking position to a release position, the closure element closing the fluid channel in the blocking position and releasing it in the release position
  • the sprinkler housing in particular the base body, has a recess through which the closure element extends at least in the release position in the direction of the cage, the closure element being adapted to be held in the blocked position until it is triggered when the thermally activatable trigger element is mounted.
  • the closure element preferably also has an abutment for axial positioning that faces the thermally activatable triggering element when it is in the installed state.
  • the recess for accommodating the closure element preferably branches off from the distribution chamber, with the recess for accommodating the closure element preferably extending in the release direction A.
  • the invention is advantageously further developed and characterized in a separate aspect in that the base body consists of one of the following materials: copper alloy, preferably brass, in particular seawater-resistant brass, or bronze, in particular seawater-resistant bronze; unalloyed or alloyed, in particular stainless steel; cast iron material; Stainless steel; aluminum or aluminum alloy; die-cast zinc; titanium or titanium alloy; magnesium or magnesium alloy; sintered metal material; ceramic material; Plastic, in particular thermoplastic, duromer, liquid crystal polymer, the plastic preferably having a melting point above 190° C., more preferably above 400° C., particularly preferably above 600° C.; or composite material, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, preferably with the aforementioned melting points.
  • CuZn20Al2As, CuZn36Pb2As, CuZn21Si3P, CuZn38As, CuZn33Pb1AISiAs or CuZn33Pb1.5AlAs is preferably used as seawater-resistant brass.
  • Lead bronze e.g. CuPb5Sn5Zn5, or aluminum bronze, e.g. CuAl10Fe3Mn2, CuAl10Ni5Fe4, CuAl10Ni5Fe5, CuAI11Fe6Ni6, CuAI5As, CuAl8, CuAl8Fe3, CuAl7Si2, CuAl9Ni, CuAl10Ni3Fe2, CuAl10Ni, CuAl10Fe5Ni5, is preferably used as seawater-resistant bronze , CuAl11Ni, CuAl11Fe6Ni6, CuAl10Fe, CuAl10Fe2, or CuAl8Mn used.
  • the base body of the sprinkler housing has a metallic coating at least in the area of the at least one fluid outlet and/or the distribution chamber, and preferably completely.
  • the metallic coating preferably has a layer thickness in a range from 0.1 to 125 ⁇ m.
  • the base body is chemically metallized in the area described above or completely.
  • Chemical nickel plating has proven to be a particularly preferred variant of chemical metallization.
  • the chemical nickel coating is preferably applied according to DIN EN ISO 4527.
  • a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is applied over the base material by means of electroless deposition, whereby the surface of the base body can be prepared either mechanically or by means of acid treatment (e.g. chloric acid treatment) in order to achieve better adhesion of the coating.
  • the sprinkler housing according to this aspect and the sprinkler housing according to the above-mentioned integral aspect preferably have the same preferred embodiments and are preferred embodiments of each other.
  • the base body is heat-treated at least in the area of the at least one fluid outlet and/or the distribution chamber.
  • the surface hardness achieved by chemical metallization can be further increased with the help of heat treatment. This is particularly advantageous for those base materials that cannot be hardened per se, such as copper alloys.
  • the base body is preferably heat-treated at a temperature below the melting point of the material of the base body, preferably in a range from 190° C. to 600° C., depending on the material of the base body, and with a holding time of half an hour or more, more preferably in a range of one to twenty hours.
  • base materials that inherently have a low melting point such as polymer materials, are treated at a correspondingly lower temperature but with a longer holding time.
  • the invention solves the problem on which it is based with a sprinkler of the type described at the beginning, in particular with a high-pressure sprinkler (with an operating pressure above 16 bar), with a sprinkler housing according to one of the preferred embodiments described above, and a thermally activatable triggering element accommodated in the cage, which keeps the closure element in the locked position to activate it.
  • the invention also achieves its underlying object according to the third aspect by specifying the use of the sprinkler housing as an extinguishing nozzle, in particular a sprinkler nozzle according to one of the preferred embodiments described above, the extinguishing nozzle being designed in particular for operating pressures in the range above 16 bar.
  • FIG 1 shows a sprinkler 1 according to a preferred embodiment.
  • the sprinkler 1 has a sprinkler housing 50 .
  • the sprinkler housing 50 comprises a base body 2 , a passage unit 3 , and a fluid channel 12 which extends from a fluid inlet 10 to a plurality of fluid outlets 8 .
  • a closure element 4 is arranged in a linearly movable manner inside the sprinkler housing 50 .
  • the closure element 4 is in figure 1 shown in a blocking position, in which a sealing element 5 compressed radially and axially between the closure element 4 and the passage unit 3 closes the fluid channel 12 and thus prevents the fluid-conducting connection between the fluid inlet 10 and the fluid outlets 8 .
  • An orifice plate 11 for restricting the flow rate is preferably formed in the passage unit 3 .
  • the closure element 4 is activated by a thermally activatable trigger element 25 in the figure 1 held locked position shown.
  • the thermally activatable triggering element 25 is held in a cage 27 which is integrally formed on the sprinkler housing 50, in particular on the base body 2.
  • the cage 27 has a first abutment 28 for the axial and preferably radial positioning of the thermally activatable triggering element 25, while the closure element 4 preferably has a second abutment 29 for the axial and/or radial positioning of the thermally activatable triggering element 25 at its end thermally activatable trigger element 25 has.
  • the thermally activatable release element 25 sits in a cage space 31 defined by the cage 27 and is inserted and held there without screwing.
  • the voltage required to hold the thermally activatable tripping element 25 is determined solely by the dimensioning of the closure element 4 and the release direction A ( figure 5 ) acting compressive force of the extinguishing fluid (reference number 33) present above the sealing element 5 in the fluid channel 12 is determined.
  • a receiving channel 16 for receiving a screen unit 9 on the side of the fluid inlet 10, and a distribution chamber 15 are formed.
  • the fluid outlets 8 and a recess 17 for receiving the closure element 4 branch off from the distributor chamber 15 .
  • the sprinkler housing 50 has a connection unit 38 with a coupling mechanism 26, preferably an external thread, with the connection unit 38 serving to connect the sprinkler 1 to a pipeline system carrying extinguishing fluid.
  • the sprinkler 1 has a sealing element 6 for sealing the connection unit 38 .
  • the outlet unit 3 is also sealed off from the base body 2 by means of a sealing element 7 .
  • the base body 2 has a nozzle head 39 adjacent to the section of the connection unit 38 .
  • the distributor chamber 15 with the fluid outlets 8 is formed in the section of the nozzle head 39 .
  • the cage 27 is molded onto the base body 2 axially adjacent to the section of the nozzle head 39 , so that the base body 2 together with the distribution chamber 15 and cage 27 is formed in one piece.
  • the fluid outlets 8 extend in one or more second, deviating from the release direction A direction (s) B, B ', while the recess 17 in the Release direction A extends.
  • the closure element 4 shown in more detail has a sealing surface 32 which is also tapered in the release direction A in the installed state and which is conical in the above exemplary embodiment and has a cone angle ⁇ 3 .
  • the cone angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 do not deviate from one another or differ only slightly, in particular in a range of ⁇ 5°.
  • the preferably correspondingly designed tapered sealing surfaces 19, 32 serve as a stop for the closure element in the release position according to FIG figure 5 . They preferably form an elastomer-free seal 35 .
  • a sealing surface 18 widened in the release direction A is formed on the passage unit 3 .
  • the widening sealing surface 18 is conical in shape with a cone angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the diameter of the fluid channel 12 consequently increases continuously in the release direction A in the course of the widening sealing surface 18 .
  • the sealing element 5 rests against the widening sealing surface 18 and is compressed both radially and axially relative to the release direction A due to the non-parallel course of the widening sealing surface 18 .
  • a first pressure P 1 is applied to the sprinkler 1 on the inlet side.
  • This pressure is also known as stand-by pressure, and can for example in a range of 10-13 bar, preferably ⁇ 12.5 bar.
  • the sealing element 5 has a material thickness S. If the pressure increases to a value P 2 , shown in Figure 6b , the sealing element 5 is initially further compressed and pressed more strongly in the direction of the widening sealing surface 18 and the radially extending sealing surface 30 . The effective area of the operating pressure on the closure element is increased in this way.
  • the advantageous configuration of the sealing arrangement in stand-by mode is shown here in particular in accordance with FIG Figure 6a . If the triggering pressure, which is equal to or greater than the value P 2 , is exceeded, for example in the range of 40 bar or more, the closure element 4 is moved out of the blocked position after the thermally activatable triggering element 25 has escaped figure 1 moved. The sealing element 5 immediately loses contact with the widening sealing surface 18 after just a few fractions of a millimeter and releases the fluid flow.
  • the passage unit 3 which accommodates the sealing surface 18 that widens in the release direction A, is preferably manufactured as a machined workpiece and has a groove 13 on its outer peripheral surface for accommodating the sealing element 7 ( figure 3 ).
  • the closure element 4 is located in the in figure 5 release position shown below.
  • a protective chamber, in which the sealing element 5 is accommodated, is formed on the distribution chamber 15 between the closure element 4 and the branching recess 17 .
  • the protective chamber 17 is located away from the main flow direction from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlets 8, because they extend in the direction B, B ⁇ , deviating from the release direction A (see Fig figure 2 ). Due to this remote arrangement of the sealing element 5, the sealing element 5 is in the release position of the closure element 4 in a flow-calmed area and is less exposed to wear due to the fast-flowing flow of the extinguishing fluid. This significantly reduces the susceptibility to destruction of the sealing element 5 and reliably prevents the fluid outlets 8 from becoming blocked with material of the sealing element 5 that has been sheared off or torn off.
  • the fluid outlets 8 are located radially outside of the recesses 17.
  • the closure element 4 has a circumferential groove, characterized by the axially extending sealing surface 36 as the groove base.
  • the sealing element 5 is accommodated in this groove.
  • a projection 21 is formed on the closure element, which protects the sealing element 5 against flow influences in the release position.
  • a flow deflector 37 which extends counter to the release direction A is particularly preferably formed on the projection 21 .
  • the flow deflector 37 In the blocking position shown, the flow deflector 37 preferably extends far through the diaphragm into the fluid channel 12 in the direction of the fluid inlet 10. In the in figure 5 In the release position shown, the flow deflector 37 still extends, at least for the most part, through the distribution chamber 15 in the direction of the fluid inlet 10. Extinguishing fluid flowing into the distribution chamber 15 is at least decelerated by the flow deflector 37, as a result of which the dynamic pressure component of the extinguishing fluid decreases and the load on the sealing element 5 still increases further decreases or the sealing element 5 is shielded even more.
  • the protected arrangement of the sealing element 5 shown here in the protective chamber between the recess 17 and the closure element 4 makes it possible to use the sprinkler housing 50 as an open extinguishing nozzle without first inserting a thermally activatable triggering element 25 .
  • closure element The structure of the closure element is described in more detail below, first referring to FIG figure 4 .
  • the closure element 4 is preferably designed as a rotationally symmetrical body with a plurality of sections, four sections in the present example.
  • a first section is the projection 21 with a diameter d1.
  • a second section 22 has a diameter d2 and is set up to accommodate the sealing element 5 .
  • the axial sealing surface 36 and the radial sealing surface 30 are formed in this section.
  • the radial sealing surface 30 is also the transition to a third section 23 with an outer diameter d3 and a section with the sealing surface 32 that tapers in the release direction A.
  • a further section with a cylindrical course in the form of a receiving cylinder 24 extends. 1 ) to the release position ( figure 5 ) to penetrate.
  • the second abutment 29 is preferably formed in this receiving cylinder 24 .
  • the diameters d1, d2, d3 and d4 are preferably in the following size relationship: D1 is greater than d2, d2 is less than d3, and d3 is greater than d4.
  • the length of the second region 22 with the diameter d2 is preferably adapted to the material thickness of the sealing element 5 .
  • the difference d3-d2 is preferably greater than the material thickness of the sealing element 5 in the unloaded state.
  • the diameter d3 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the sealing element 5 in the unloaded state.
  • the groove characterized by the axially extending sealing surface 36 in the second region 22 is to be understood as an asymmetrical groove.
  • the diameter d2 is preferably in a range from 1.5 to 50 mm, particularly preferably in a range from 2 to 12 mm, further particularly preferably in a range from 12 mm to 30 mm.
  • the different variants of the closure element 4 are in the Figures 7a to 7f shown.
  • the basic structure of the closure element 4 is similar in all of these variants.
  • the main exception is the shape of the projection 21 and the flow deflector 37 on it.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to the Figures 7a, b has no flow deflector 37, but differs essentially in terms of the design of the receiving cylinder 24 and the axial extent of the area between the sealing area 22 and the receiving cylinder 24, in which according to Figure 7a If a cylindrical intermediate section 23b and a slightly conically opposing section 23a are also formed, the closure element 4 has according to FIG Figure 7c on its projection 21 a flow deflector 37 in the form of a circumferential annular projection 37a on the end face 40.
  • the projection 37a can also be defined as a concave recess 41 in the end face 40 .
  • a cone tip 37b is formed on the projection 21, which advantageously supports the deflection of the extinguishing fluid penetrating into the distribution chamber 15 radially outwards towards the fluid outlets 8.
  • a tip 37c with a concavely curved lateral surface 42 is formed on the projection 21 of the closure element 4 .
  • the concave curvature supports the deflection of the fluid in the direction of the fluid outlets 8 and reduces the impact effect of the impinging fluid on the projection 21.
  • a variant of the closure element 4 is shown, in which a tip 37d with a concavely curved lateral surface 43 is also formed on the projection 21, the concavely curved lateral surface opening into a concave recess 44 on the end face 40, which deflects the on the projection 21 incident fluid against the release direction A supported.
  • a thermally activatable triggering means 25 can be used and then only by mounting the closure element, preferably in the abutments 28,29, are held securely.
  • An insertion and Bracing of the thermally activatable tripping element by means of threaded pins and similar means, as are known from the prior art, can be omitted here. Work steps are saved during assembly, and the risk of premature damage to the thermally activatable triggering element due to excessive clamping force is prevented.
  • the one-piece base body 2 is preferably formed from a seawater-resistant copper alloy such as seawater-resistant brass or one of the other materials mentioned above. However, the seawater-resistant copper alloy is particularly preferred. More preferably, the base body is chemically nickel-plated at least in the area of the fluid outlets, but preferably completely. In chemical nickel plating, a nickel-phosphorus coating is applied to the base material in an autocatalytic process. This coating is then preferably further cured by means of a heat treatment. The residence time and temperature of the heat treatment is preferably adapted to the melting point of the base material. If polymers are used as the base material, the heat treatment temperature is naturally lower than for metals such as brass. The coating created with chemical nickel plating has the particular advantage that it can be used to significantly increase the abrasion resistance of materials that cannot be hardened, such as brass. As a result, the advantages of different materials are favorably linked with one another by sprinkler systems.
  • a seawater-resistant copper alloy such as seawater-resistant brass or one of the other materials mentioned above
  • the combination of the one-piece design with the above-mentioned material selection and heat treatment has the particular advantage that the sprinkler housing 50 as a whole is significantly less susceptible to clogging.
  • the fluid outlets do not change or only change very slightly in terms of their flow rates during operation. On the one hand, this applies to a reduction in the outlet cross section due to blockages (therefore clogging) but, on the other hand, to an increase in the outlet cross section due to abrasion.
  • the risk of an enlargement of the outlet cross sections is generally greater than a blockage. Due to the increased hardness in connection with the corrosion resistance of the base material and the coating, the invention creates surprisingly good properties in this respect in a one-piece base body.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
EP16787743.0A 2015-10-05 2016-10-04 Sprinkler für feuerlöschanlagen Active EP3359263B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015219208.3A DE102015219208A1 (de) 2015-10-05 2015-10-05 Sprinkler für Feuerlöschanlagen
PCT/EP2016/073680 WO2017060244A1 (de) 2015-10-05 2016-10-04 Sprinkler für feuerlöschanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3359263A1 EP3359263A1 (de) 2018-08-15
EP3359263B1 true EP3359263B1 (de) 2023-05-10

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US (1) US10888725B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3359263B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2018531128A (zh)
KR (1) KR20180093887A (zh)
CN (1) CN108136241B (zh)
AU (1) AU2016334712A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR112018006828A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA3000317A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102015219208A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2017060244A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230181947A1 (en) * 2018-08-17 2023-06-15 Viking Group, Inc. Automatic Fire Sprinklers, Systems and Methods for Suppression Fire Protection of High Hazard Commodities Including Commodities Stored in Rack Arrangements Beneath Ceilings of Up to Fifty-Five Feet in Height
CN108952512B (zh) * 2018-08-20 2020-05-22 南通海鹰木业股份有限公司 一种防火的隔热宿舍用安全门
WO2021156823A1 (en) * 2020-02-07 2021-08-12 Tyco Fire Products Lp Systems and methods of polymeric sprinklers
CN112121333B (zh) * 2020-09-24 2021-11-09 武汉川消智慧消防科技有限公司 感温自启动灭火装置及应用该装置的电气设备灭火系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015219208A1 (de) 2017-04-06
EP3359263A1 (de) 2018-08-15
US10888725B2 (en) 2021-01-12
KR20180093887A (ko) 2018-08-22
US20180304109A1 (en) 2018-10-25
JP2018531128A (ja) 2018-10-25
CA3000317A1 (en) 2017-04-13
WO2017060244A1 (de) 2017-04-13
CN108136241B (zh) 2022-03-15
AU2016334712A1 (en) 2018-05-17
BR112018006828A2 (pt) 2018-10-16
CN108136241A (zh) 2018-06-08

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