EP3329030B1 - Procédé et dispositif de revêtement d'une surface - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de revêtement d'une surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3329030B1
EP3329030B1 EP16748091.2A EP16748091A EP3329030B1 EP 3329030 B1 EP3329030 B1 EP 3329030B1 EP 16748091 A EP16748091 A EP 16748091A EP 3329030 B1 EP3329030 B1 EP 3329030B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
jet
spraying
angle
partial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16748091.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3329030A1 (fr
Inventor
Ronald GÖLZ
Wolfram Wagener
Jochen ZIERHUT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP3329030A1 publication Critical patent/EP3329030A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/082—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to a condition of the discharged jet or spray, e.g. to jet shape, spray pattern or droplet size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/186—Other cylinders for use in engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3494—Means for controlling discharge parameters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coating a surface by means of a coating jet containing coating particles, the coating jet being directed onto the surface by a spray device at an angle of spray, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a device for coating a surface by means of a Coating jet containing coating particles, the coating jet being directed onto the surface by a spray device at an angle of spray, according to the preamble of patent claim 9.
  • the generic method is used for coating a surface, the coating jet containing coating particles being directed by a spray device at a predetermined spray angle onto the surface to be coated.
  • the aim is always to have a uniform and homogeneously coated surface.
  • coating cylinders of a piston-cylinder arrangement such as the inside are provided, for example, in internal combustion engines.
  • a decisive quality criterion in such a coating process is the angle of incidence of the coating jet on the surface to be coated and possibly also the speed of the coating particles of the coating jet. Due to wear, assembly errors, confusion of parameters or incorrect handling, it may be possible that the desired angle of incidence of the coating jet on the surface to be coated is not correctly implemented, although all process and spray parameters are set correctly.
  • the DE 198 20 195 A1 shows and describes a method and a device for thermal spraying, a powder to be sprayed being injected from above in a substantially horizontal plasma jet.
  • a camera is used to monitor whether the powder introduced into the plasma beam from above is in the center of the plasma beam is melted or - which is undesirable - does not penetrate into the plasma jet or is blown through the plasma jet.
  • the image captured by the camera is used in order to be able to set an optimal injection of the powder into the plasma jet.
  • the plasma beam is not deflected here.
  • US 2006/0198944 A1 shows and describes a device for plasma spraying, in which powder particles are injected into the plasma jet from the side into a plasma jet directed horizontally onto a deposition surface.
  • powder particles which are melted in the plasma jet are sprayed onto the surface at an angle which deviates from the horizontal direction of the plasma jet.
  • the US 5,047,612 A also shows and describes a plasma spraying device in which powder particles to be deposited on a surface are injected at an angle of 90 ° into a plasma jet directed horizontally onto the deposition surface.
  • a camera is aimed at the deposition surface and captures the powder deposited on the deposition surface.
  • the US 2004/0245354 A1 shows and describes a method for monitoring a spraying process, the particle distribution of a particle-containing spray jet being determined by means of a particle analyzer.
  • a device for spraying metal particles by means of an electric arc in which a gas stream containing the metal particles melted by the arc emerges in an axial direction from a first atomizing nozzle.
  • This gas jet with the metal particles emerging from the nozzle in the axial direction is deflected by further gas flows which emerge from channels of a deflection nozzle device oriented at right angles to the axial direction, so that the gas flow containing the metal particles is at right angles to a surface to be coated, for example, parallel to the axial direction the inner wall of a cylinder coaxial with the nozzle.
  • the liquid metal particles are sprayed onto the surface to be coated at right angles to the surface.
  • the FR 2 865 218 A1 shows and describes a method and a device for coating at least one cylinder bore by thermal arc spraying.
  • the material jet emerging from a spray nozzle of an arc spray device axially inserted into the cylinder bore is deflected by a gas jet emerging at right angles, that is to say in the radial direction of the cylinder bore, so that the molten material strikes the inner wall of the cylinder in the radial direction essentially at right angles.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for adjusting a coating jet, with which it is possible to improve the coating quality and to reduce the number of components to be referred to as "rejects" in quality control in order to achieve that all components obtain a surface coated uniformly via a coating process.
  • the coating jet In a method for coating a surface by means of a coating jet containing coating particles, the coating jet being directed onto the surface from a spray device at an angle of spray, the coating jet being formed from at least two partial jets, each of which emerges from an outlet opening of an associated outlet channel of the spray device, the respective axes of the outlet channels being at an angle to one another, one of the outlet channels being a spray channel for a first gas stream containing the coating particles, the outlet opening of this spray channel forming a spray nozzle and the other of the outlet channels being a control channel for a second gas deflecting the first gas stream Is gas flow, the outlet opening of this control channel forming at least one control nozzle, according to the invention the outlet opening of the spray channel forming the spray nozzle is also f the surface to be coated is directed and the coating jet emerging from the spraying device is captured with an image capturing device.
  • the spray angle during the coating process or between two coating processes is determined from the captured image of the coating jet, and if the determined spray angle deviates from a predetermined target spray angle, the spray angle is adjusted and thereby readjusted to the target spray angle. If the determined spray angle deviates from a predetermined desired spray angle, the spray angle is adjusted and thereby readjusted to the desired spray angle, wherein if the determined spray angle deviates from the predetermined desired spray angle, the volume flow of a first partial jet of the at least two partial jets increases and the volume flow of a second sub-beam of the at least two sub-beams is reduced.
  • This determination and adjustment of the spray angle according to the invention with an image capturing device makes it possible in a particularly advantageous manner to either keep the spray angle constant during a coating process or to control the spray angle between two coating processes and to readjust it for one or more subsequent coating processes. In this way, a longer service life of the spraying device can be achieved while at the same time ensuring a constant coating quality.
  • the wear of the spray device or of parts of the spray device, for example of its nozzles, can also be recognized in good time and, if necessary, compensated for before a wear-related change in the spray angle leads to an incorrect method result.
  • a plasma jet already containing the coating particles (first gas stream) is applied to the first gas stream from the side acting second gas flow specifically deflected.
  • This control of the first gas stream containing the coating particles by means of the second gas stream allows the spray angle to be set in a targeted manner without influencing the distribution of the coating particles in the first gas stream.
  • the process of mixing the coating particles with the first gas stream is thus in the present invention in contrast to the prior art according to the DE 198 20 195 A1 provided separately from the influence on the spray angle.
  • the coating jet emerging from the spray device is detected to determine the spray angle from the side, that is to say transversely, preferably at right angles, to the plane in which the coating jet is deflected by the spray angle.
  • the determination of the spray angle can be carried out particularly precisely by means of the image acquisition described when the coating jet emerges as a free jet from the spray device.
  • the spray angle can also be adjusted in another way, for example by pivoting outlet nozzles provided with the outlet openings for the partial jets or by pivoting at least one spray nozzle for the coating jet or by providing mechanically variable jet deflecting means for at least one of the partial jets and / or for the coating jet.
  • the increase in the volume flow of the first partial jet and the decrease in the volume flow of the second partial jet always take place in such a way that the sum of the volume flows of the partial jets is constant. In this way it is achieved that a change in the spray angle due to a change in the volume flows of the partial jets does not lead to a change in the quality of the coating due to a change in the total volume flow.
  • the increase in the volume flow of the first partial jet and the decrease in the volume flow of the second partial jet always take place in such a way that the energy content of the coating jet formed from the partial jets remains constant.
  • the energy content of a gas jet containing coating particles is determined by the Mass of the individual particles contained in a gas volume, the temperature of each particle, the speed of each particle and the (mostly negligible) energy content of the gas.
  • the angle between the axes of the outlet channels is a right angle, so that the partial beams strike one another at right angles.
  • the method is preferably designed for thermal coating of the surface, the spraying device being a thermal spraying device with a particle flow generator.
  • the method can also be designed as a kinetic coating method, the particles generated in a particle flow generator being applied to the surface to be coated at a very high speed (for example greater than 600 m / sec).
  • the first gas stream flows through the particle stream generator, which passes through the spray channel as a gas stream enriched with coating particles and exits the spray nozzle.
  • the first partial jet comprising the coating particles is advantageously a plasma jet generated by a plasma torch.
  • the power of the at least one is used to regulate the energy content of the coating beam Plasma torch regulated.
  • Such regulation of the plasma torch in addition to the regulation of the volume flows of the two partial jets, ensures in a particularly reliable manner that both the energy content and the particle content in the coating jet remain constant while the spray angle is being changed.
  • the invention is also intended to provide a device for adjusting a coating jet, which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. This part of the task is solved by the device with the features of claim 9.
  • the spray device having a spray channel for a coating particle the first gas stream and at least one control channel for a second gas stream deflecting the first gas stream is provided, the outlet opening of the spray channel forming a spray nozzle and the outlet opening of the at least one control channel forming a control nozzle, the gas streams emerging from the outlet openings in each case forming a partial jet and together the Forming the coating jet and the axes of the outlet channels being at an angle to one another is, according to the invention, the outlet forming the spray nozzle Open the spray channel towards the surface to be coated.
  • At least one image capturing device is provided, which is designed to capture the coating beam during the coating process or between two coating processes
  • an image evaluation device is provided, which is designed to detect that of the to receive at least one image acquisition device and to determine the spray angle of the coating jet and / or the angle of incidence of the coating jet impinging on the surface.
  • Means are also provided with which the spray angle can be adjusted. wherein the means by means of which the spray angle can be adjusted are means with which the volume flow of the gas flow exiting through the outlet channel can be varied.
  • This device enables the adjustment of a coating beam in a particularly advantageous and reliable manner both during the coating of a surface and for calibration between two coating processes.
  • This device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the means for changing the volume flow are formed by throttle devices adjustable by means of a respective actuator.
  • Such automatically adjustable throttle devices make it possible to vary the gas flows in the control channel or in the spray channel in such a way that the respective volume flow required for the desired setting of the spray angle passes through the channels.
  • an actuating or regulating device which acts upon the means for changing the volume flow, in particular the actuators of the throttle devices, with an actuating or regulating signal. This enables process automation.
  • the control device receives the spray angle and / or the angle of incidence supplied by the image evaluation device as a control variable. With this data, the control or regulating device can then make the necessary adjustment of the partial jets and thus adjust the spraying angle of the coating jet to the desired dimension or adjust it accordingly. In principle, it would also be possible to determine the angle of incidence of the coating jet impinging on the surface and to determine the spray angle from this.
  • the spraying device is equipped with a particle flow generator.
  • the particle flow generator which can have, for example, a plasma burner, a wire spray burner or a cold gas burner, generates a metallic and / or ceramic particle mist as a coating jet together with the gas flow.
  • the plasma can be used to form a metallic and / or ceramic particle mist in conjunction with the gas stream as a coating jet.
  • control device - in addition to the respective volume flow of the gas flows - acts on the at least one particle flow generator with a signal which regulates its particle output power. This makes it possible to keep the particle density constant in the coating jet.
  • a coated surface is obtained with the method of the present invention.
  • the method according to the invention is used to obtain a coated surface of an inner cylinder wall of a piston-cylinder arrangement. It is particularly advantageous if the method for coating on the inner wall of the cylinder provided tread of a piston-cylinder arrangement is used in an internal combustion engine, so that such an internal combustion engine with treads coated according to the invention is also included as a result of the method.
  • FIG. 1 A process diagram of a coating system is shown, with which a particularly advantageous implementation of a method according to the invention for adjusting a coating jet can be carried out.
  • Spray device 1 is arranged such that it directs a coating jet S containing coating particles from a spray nozzle 10 onto a surface 2 to be coated at a predetermined spray angle ⁇ .
  • the surface is preferably arranged perpendicular to a longitudinal axis x of the spray device 1.
  • an image capturing device 3 for taking images of the coating jet S is arranged laterally offset next to the coating jet S between the spray device 1 and the surface 2.
  • the image capture device 3 has a camera 30, which captures the coating beam S from the side, so that the spray angle ⁇ lies in an image plane recorded by the camera 30.
  • the camera 30 preferably captures the entire longitudinal extent of the coating jet S from its exit from the spray device 1 to the surface 2, so that the impact area S ′ formed by the coating jet S on the surface 2 is also captured by the camera 30.
  • the spray angle ⁇ can also be determined in the free jet, that is to say without providing the surface 2 to be coated.
  • the image recorded by the camera 30 is converted in the image capture device 3 by means of an image sensor (not shown) in a manner known to the person skilled in the art into electrical signals which are forwarded to an image evaluation device 31.
  • the image evaluation device 31 analyzes the image signals and uses them to determine the spray angle ⁇ and thus the angle that hits the surface 2 Impingement angle ⁇ of the coating beam S. These determined angle data are then forwarded to an actuating or regulating device 32.
  • the control or regulating device 32 compares the angle or angles obtained (spray angle ⁇ and / or impact angle ⁇ ) with a respectively assigned, predetermined target spray angle stored in a storage device 33 and determines the corresponding angular deviation.
  • an actuating signal is generated which is forwarded to the spray device 1 and there adjusts the spray angle ⁇ of the coating jet S to the predetermined target spray angle in a manner described further below. If such an adjustment is not possible, a wear alarm signal is generated and preferably the further operation of the spray device 1 is prevented.
  • the coating beam is again measured by means of the image capture device 3, so that a closed control circuit is formed in this way.
  • Such regulation can take place during an active coating process, as a result of which the spray angle ⁇ is continuously readjusted to the predetermined target spray angle and thus a continuous quality control of the spraying process is ensured.
  • the spray angle ⁇ can then be adjusted or adjusted to a predetermined target spray angle.
  • a plurality of coating processes can then be carried out again. It is particularly advantageous if the angular deviation compensated for in such a calibration process is recorded and is related to the coating performance achieved between the two previous calibration processes. By updating this data, it is possible to determine a wear trend, so that a forecast can be made about the remaining time of use of the spray device 1 until a wear limit is reached.
  • FIG Fig. 2 A possible construction of a spray device 1 which can be used for the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • the spray device 1 has an elongated housing 1 'which extends along a longitudinal axis x of the spray device 1 and which is also referred to as a spray lance.
  • channels 11, 13 are provided which extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis x in the longitudinal direction through the housing 1'. At a first end of the housing 1 ', these channels 11, 13 each open into a connection element 11', 13 'for a respectively assigned gas supply line 11 ", 13".
  • the channels 11, 13 form outlet channels 12, 14 which each open to the outside with an outlet opening 12', 14 '.
  • the outlet channels 12, 14 are not arranged parallel to one another, but the respective axes 12 ", 14" of the outlet channels 12, 14 are inclined at an angle ⁇ to one another. In the in Fig. 2 the example shown, the angle ⁇ is approximately 90 °.
  • the first channel 11, the outlet channel 12 of which has an axis 12 "which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis x of the spray device 1, is provided with a particle generator 17 which has a plasma torch 17 '.
  • This particle generator 17 is supplied by a gas supply line 11"
  • Process gas flows through, whereby melted particles are entrained by the gas stream by means of the plasma torch 17 '.
  • the process gas jet provided with these coating particles first emerges through the outlet channel 12 and its outlet opening 12 'forming the spray nozzle 10 in an axially parallel direction from the housing 1' of the spray device as a first partial jet S1.
  • a second gas which can be supplied through the second gas supply line 13 ′′ and can correspond to the process gas, but which can also be simply compressed air, is introduced through the second channel 13 into the second outlet channel 14 forming a control channel, and from there passes a control nozzle 18 forming outlet opening 14 'and strikes the first gas stream emerging from the spray nozzle 10 and containing the coating particles as a second partial jet S2 at an angle ⁇ .
  • This second partial jet S2 deflects the first partial jet S1 from its axis-parallel direction the second partial jet S2, which forms a control gas flow, unite to form a resulting coating jet S, the jet center axis S "of which is about the spray angle ⁇ to the axis 12" of the spray channel 12 away from the control nozzle 18 (in Fig. 2 is inclined).
  • a throttle device 15, 16 is provided which can be adjusted by means of an associated actuator 15 ', 16'.
  • the volume flow of the process gas can be regulated by means of the first throttle device 15, which is provided in the first channel 11.
  • the volume flow of the control gas can be regulated by means of the second throttle device 16, which is provided in the second channel 13.
  • the respective actuators 15 ', 16' are connected to the actuating or regulating device 32 via signal lines 15 ", 16" and can each receive actuating signals from the latter.
  • the particle generator 17 is also connected to the actuating or regulating device 32 via an actuating signal line 17 ′′ and can receive actuating signals from the latter.
  • the device according to the invention can also be different from those described above Accept design forms.
  • the device can in particular have features that represent a combination of the respective individual features of the claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de revêtement d'une surface (2) au moyen d'un faisceau de revêtement (S) renfermant des particules de revêtement, le faisceau de revêtement (S) étant orienté sur la surface (2) par un dispositif d'injection (1) selon un angle d'injection (α), le faisceau de revêtement (S) étant formé par au moins deux faisceaux partiels (S1, S2) qui sortent chacun d'une ouverture de sortie (12', 14') d'un canal de sortie (12, 14) associés du dispositif d'injection (1), les axes respectifs (12", 14") des canaux de sortie (12, 14) étant disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre selon un angle (γ), l'un des canaux de sortie (12, 14) étant un canal d'injection d'un premier flux gazeux renfermant les particules de revêtement, l'ouverture de sortie (12') de ce canal d'injection (12) formant une buse d'injection (10), et l'autre canal de sortie (12, 14) étant un canal de commande (14) d'un second flux gazeux déviant le premier flux gazeux, l'ouverture de sortie (14') de ce canal de commande (14) formant au moins une buse de commande (18),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'ouverture de sortie (12') du canal d'injection (12) formant la bus d'injection (10) est orientée vers la surface (2) à revêtir,
    le faisceau de revêtement (S) sortant du dispositif d'injection (1) est détecté par un dispositif de détection d'image (3),
    à partir de l'image détectée du faisceau de revêtement (S) on détermine l'angle d'injection (α) pendant le processus de revêtement ou entre deux processus de revêtement,
    en cas d'écart entre l'angle d'injection (α) déterminé et un angle d'injection de consigne prédéfini, on modifie l'angle d'injection (α) et on le règle ainsi sur l'angle d'injection de consigne, et
    en cas d'écart entre l'angle d'injection (α) déterminé à l'angle d'injection de consigne prédéfini, le débit volumique d'un premier faisceau partiel (S1) parmi les aux moins deux faisceaux partiels est augmenté et le débit volumique d'un second faisceau partiel (S2) parmi les faisceaux partiels est diminué.
  2. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le faisceau de revêtement sortant du dispositif d'injection (1) est détecté, avec le dispositif de détection d'image (3) pour déterminer l'angle d'injection (α) par le côté, de préférence sous la forme d'un faisceau libre.
  3. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'augmentation du débit volumique du premier faisceau partiel (S1) et la diminution du débit volumique du second faisceau partiel (S2) sont toujours effectués de sorte que la somme des débits volumiques des faisceaux partiels (S1, S2) ou la teneur énergétique du faisceau de revêtement (S) formé à partir des faisceaux partiels (S1, S2) soit constante.
  4. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'angle (γ) entre les axes (12", 14") des canaux de sortie (12, 14) est un angle droit de sorte que les faisceaux partiels (S1, S2) viennent se frapper perpendiculairement.
  5. Procédé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est conçu pour effectuer un revêtement thermique de la surface, le dispositif d'injection (1) étant un dispositif d'injection thermique ayant un générateur de flux de particules (17).
  6. Procédé conforme à la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le générateur de flux de particules (17) est parcouru par un premier courant gazeux qui passe au travers du canal d'injection (12) et sort de la buse d'injection (10) sous la forme d'un flux gazeux enrichi en particules de revêtement.
  7. Procédé conforme à la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier faisceau partiel est un faisceau plasma produit par une torche à plasma (17') qui comporte les particules de revêtement.
  8. Procédé conforme à la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour permettre de régler la teneur énergétique du faisceau de revêtement (S) on règle la puissance de la torche à plasma (17').
  9. Dispositif de revêtement d'une surface (2) au moyen d'un faisceau de revêtement (S) renfermant des particules de revêtement dans lequel le faisceau de revêtement (S) peut être orienté vers la surface (2) par un dispositif d'injection (1) sous un angle d'injection (α), permettent en particulier la mise en œuvre d'un procédé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif d'injection (1) est équipé d'un premier canal d'injection (12) d'un premier flux gazeux renfermant les particules de revêtement et d'au moins un canal de commande (14) destiné à un second flux gazeux déviant le premier flux gazeux, l'ouverture de sortie (12') du canal d'injection (12) formant une buse d'injection (10) et l'ouverture de sortie (14') du canal de commande (14) formant une buse de commande (18), les flux gazeux sortant des ouvertures de sortie (12', 14') formant chacun un faisceau partiel (S1, S2) et conjointement le faisceau de revêtement (S), et les axes (12", 14") des canaux de sortie (12, 14) étant positionnés l'un par rapport à l'autre selon un angle (γ), caractérisé en ce que
    - l'ouverture de sortie (12') du canal d'injection (12) formant la buse d'injection (10) est orientée vers la surface (2) à revêtir,
    - il est prévu au moins un dispositif de détection d'image (3) qui est réalisé pour permettre de détecter le faisceau de revêtement (S) pendant le processus de revêtement ou entre deux processus de revêtement,
    - il est prévu un dispositif d'évaluation d'image (30) qui est réalisé pour permettre d'obtenir les signaux d'image fournis par le dispositif de détection d'image (3) et d'en déduire l'angle d'injection (α) du faisceau de revêtement (S) et/ou l'angle (β) du faisceau de revêtement (S) venant frapper la surface (2),
    - il est prévu des moyens permettant de régler l'angle d'injection (α), et
    - les moyens permettant de régler l'angle d'injection (α) sont des moyens permettant de modifier le débit volumique du flux gazeux sortant respectivement par le canal de sortie (12, 14).
  10. Dispositif conforme à la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens permettant de modifier le débit volumique sont constitués par des dispositifs d'étranglement (15, 16) pouvant respectivement être réglés au moyen d'un actionneur (15', 16').
  11. Dispositif conforme à la revendication 9 ou 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est prévu un dispositif de réglage ou de régulation (32) qui fournit respectivement aux moyens permettant de modifier le débit volumique, en particulier à l'actionneur (15', 16') des dispositifs d'étranglement (15, 16) un signal de réglage ou de régulation, et de préférence le dispositif de réglage ou de régulation (32) comporte en tant que grandeur de réglage l'angle d'injection (α) et/ou l'angle de frappe (α) fourni par le dispositif d'évaluation d'image (30).
  12. Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 9 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'injection (1) qui est réalisé de préférence sous la forme d'un dispositif d'injection thermique est équipé d'un générateur de flux de particules (17) qui comporte de préférence une torche à plasma (17').
  13. Dispositif conforme aux revendications 11 et 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de régulation (32) fournit au générateur de flux de particules (17) un signal réglant sa puissance de sortie de particules.
EP16748091.2A 2015-07-30 2016-07-28 Procédé et dispositif de revêtement d'une surface Active EP3329030B1 (fr)

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DE102015112540.4A DE102015112540A1 (de) 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten einer Oberfläche
PCT/EP2016/068063 WO2017017215A1 (fr) 2015-07-30 2016-07-28 Procédé et dispositif de revêtement d'une surface

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DE102018208925A1 (de) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Abschirmen von Bauteilen
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CN112915230B (zh) * 2021-01-26 2022-11-29 桂林电子科技大学 等离子体射流装置及杀菌方法

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CN107530724B (zh) 2020-01-21
EP3329030A1 (fr) 2018-06-06
DE102015112540A1 (de) 2017-02-16
WO2017017215A1 (fr) 2017-02-02
US11013099B2 (en) 2021-05-18
CN107530724A (zh) 2018-01-02
US20180077787A1 (en) 2018-03-15

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