EP3325732A2 - Wall made up of an assembly of pallets assembly modules method for creating a building or a wall - Google Patents

Abstract

A wall (100) comprises a framework of pallets (10) assembled in horizontally juxtaposed and vertically superposed vertical positions. In the wall, two juxtaposed pallets (10) of a row are immobilized with respect to one another by at least one horizontal assembly module (MH) collaborating along a long side (17) of each of the said juxtaposed pallets via protrusions (24) secured to a sole (21) of the horizontal module, collaborating with openings (171) formed on the long sides (17) of each of the said pallets between two successive blocks, an edge (14) and a sole (11). In the wall, vertically superposed pallets (10) are immobilized with respect to one another by at least one vertical assembly module (MV) collaborating along a short side (18) of each of the superposed pallets by crenels (32) secured to a base (31) of said vertical module, collaborating with canals (181) opening onto the short sides (18) of each of the said pallets between two successive blocks secured to a crossmember (13). Spacer modules are used to hold two walls apart to form the framework of a rampart.

Description

 WALL CONSISTING OF A PALLET ASSEMBLY

 ASSEMBLY MODULES

 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BUILDING OR A WALL

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention belongs to the field of building walls for the construction of buildings, particularly buildings of the type habitats, shelters, walls, walls or fences.

 More particularly, the invention relates to modules for the assembly of pallets for the production of walls, a wall and a wall assembly made by assembling handling pallets and a method for producing walls and wall assemblies by means of handling pallets.

STATE OF THE ART

The construction of buildings, for example a house, a hangar or a fence, for which there are today a large number of technical solutions always comes up against the question of its cost price and the availability necessary materials.

To overcome the high costs of traditional stone or brick buildings that require a large workforce, so-called prefabricated solutions have been developed in which the building structures are made by large elements.

 The prefabricated solutions implement elements of dimensions and shapes adapted to be assembled according to a specific plan and form the building for which these elements are designed. The prefabricated elements can be made, mostly in concrete or wood, in a production plant at reduced costs and be assembled quickly on the site where the building is erected.

This solution, however, introduces new constraints by limiting the Possibilities of building shapes that must be feasible with prefabricated elements, except to make specific elements for a construction, and requiring the transport and handling of elements of dimensions all the larger and weight all the higher that a minimum of assembly operations will be sought.

 Prefabricated solutions lose some of the desired cost advantages in transportation, handling and shape limiting.

To reduce costs it was also considered the implementation of recovery materials and in particular wooden pallets.

 Thus it has been proposed to realize the structure of small constructions such as houses by assembling pallets to form the walls.

 For example, International Patent Application WO 2009/062215 describes the construction of a house with pallets assembled in rows and columns to form the structure of the walls and floor of the house. In the proposed structure, the walls are formed in thickness by a stack of three pallets and various materials, in particular panels and insulation. The pallets are assembled, with the banks upright in the partitions and walls, through metal parts provided with end plates which on the one hand maintain the spacing of the pallets to the thickness of the wall and fixed pallets by spikes or screws through the plates.

 A disadvantage of this arrangement is the number of fasteners that are implemented, at least at each pallet angle, and the need to fix the plates to the outer pallets through the wall in progress.

 In addition to the vertical position of the banks and thus the soles of the pallets, these soles form obstacles which make it difficult to lay the electrical wires and the various pipes to be embedded in the realized wall, wires and pipes which for the most part must run horizontally. .

 It is also known from the patent application FR 2899921 to make self-supporting trays for mounting walls or floor, by means of pallets assembled by stiffeners on the sides and plates on the faces. This process results in large panels in a sandwich structure arrangement whose pallets form the core.

If recovery materials are used, it results from the process prefabricated panels which have the same disadvantages as conventional prefabricated elements, particularly in terms of handling because of their weight and size. The question of assembling panels made between them is also not considered and is a source of additional complexity in the assembly.

 The known solutions are therefore not satisfactory to take into consideration the need to make a construction with inexpensive materials, easy to transport and can be assembled by a person or a limited number of people, without special handling means, in a time minimum.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a solution to the problems of the prior art by making it possible to produce a wall or a wall by a pallet assembly without complex means, in particular because of the unitary handling of the pallets during assembly and assembly modules guaranteeing the maintenance and stability of the pallets as and when mounting.

A horizontal module (MH) of the invention is intended to immobilize together handling pallets assembled in vertical positions juxtaposed horizontally and superimposed vertically to form a frame of a wall, a pallet comprising:

 - At least three flanges oriented along a length (Lp) of said pallet and determining an inner face of said pallet;

 at least three crosspieces oriented along a width (Hp) of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles and held at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice, with one die per soleplate;

 - banks based on the sleepers, parallel to the soles, determining an outer face of said pallet;

 the pallets being assembled with the inner faces and the outer faces substantially vertical.

A horizontal module (MH) comprises:

a substantially rectangular parallelepipedal plate comprising a first face and a second face parallel to said first face and spaced from each other by a platinum thickness (Hpl), of length substantially equal to or greater than a pallet length (Lp) and width (Imh) less than a height of pallet (Ep);

 at least two protuberances secured to the second face, each protuberance having a length (Apr) substantially equal to a distance between two neighboring dice of the same sole of a pallet, and having a width (Bpr) substantially equal to a height; between a bank and a pallet sole;

 - A separation distance between two protuberances substantially equal to twice a dimension of a lateral die of a pallet, taken in the direction of the banks.

 Such a horizontal module blocks movement between two pallets juxtaposed in the same row of pallets forming a partition frame.

 In one embodiment, all or part of the protuberances comprises at least one orifice passing through the horizontal module (MH). It is thus avoided that the module forms an obstacle between two pallets when it is desired to fix pipes or ducts running vertically inside a partition.

 Advantageously, the height dimensions (Hpr) of the protuberances are between 5 mm and a sole width, preferably between 5 mm and 50% of the width of a sole. The pallets engaged on such a horizontal module are thus maintained sufficiently stable to achieve the assembly of the pallets.

 In one embodiment, each end of a horizontal module includes a mortise and tenon assembly for interlocking two aligned horizontal modules. The positioning of horizontal modules juxtaposed is thus simpler to achieve and more precise.

 In one embodiment, the plate comprises, between two adjacent protuberances, at least one locking mortise, that is to say a mortise whose shape ensures a maintenance of a complementary form of tenon. It is thus possible, when several pallets form the thickness of the frame of a partition, to hold together and at a given distance two pallets against each other.

In a particular form of horizontal module the plate has protuberances on each of its first and second faces. It is thus a horizontal module that can be placed between two superposed rows of pallets whose protuberances cooperate with the pallets of the lower rank for the protuberances placed under the plate and with the pallets of the higher rank for the protuberances placed above the plate.

 Advantageously, the plate comprises holes or pre-bores for the placement of fasteners of the plate with pallets and or with another horizontal module plate. It is thus ensured precise positions of the fasteners useful for the assembly of the frame and the possibility of setting up the fasteners without drilling.

A vertical module (MV) according to the invention is intended to immobilize between them pallets handling, assembled in vertical positions, juxtaposed horizontally and superimposed vertically to form a frame of a wall, a pallet comprising:

 - At least three flanges oriented along a length (Lp) of said pallet and determining an inner face of said pallet;

 at least three crosspieces oriented along a width (Hp) of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles and held at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice, with one die per soleplate;

 - banks based on the sleepers, parallel to the soles, determining an outer face of said pallet;

 the pallets being assembled with the inner faces and the outer faces substantially vertical.

 A vertical module (MV) comprises:

 a base of width (Emv) less than a height of a channel formed in a height (Ep) of the pallet, the height of the channel corresponding to the height (Ep) reduced by a thickness of the cross member and a thickness of edge, and a height (Hmv), between a first end and a second end of the vertical module, at least substantially equal to 1, 5 times a pallet width (Hp), increased by a thickness (Hpl) accumulated platens interposed between two pallets superimposed in a vertical assembly;

at least three slots integral with the base on the same face of said base, each slot having a width equal to the width (Emv) of the base and having a height (Hc), in a longitudinal direction of the vertical module (MV), substantially equal to a distance between two neighboring dice on the same crossbar of a pallet;

 a space between the slot nearest the first end and said first end being of a height (Hdla) less than or equal to one dimension of a pallet lateral die in the direction of a cross-member;

- a space between two slots for framing a pallet median die being of a height (Hdlb) substantially equal to a dimension of said median pallet die in the direction of a cross;

 a space between two crenels intended to frame a junction of two superposed pallets in a vertical assembly being of a height substantially equal to twice a dimension of a pallet lateral die in the direction of a crossbar, increased by twice a thickness (Hpl) platens interposed between said two superimposed pallets.

Such a vertical module makes it possible to block the movements between two pallets superimposed in two rows of superposed pallets forming a partition frame.

 In one embodiment, the width (Emv) of a slot is between 30% and 80% of a depth of a pallet channel and wherein the height (Hc) of a slot is less than or equal to a depth of a pallet channel.

 In one embodiment, as in the case of horizontal modules, the base has holes or pre-bores for placing fasteners of said base with pallets and or with another vertical module base.

The invention also relates to a wall comprising a framework consisting mainly of handling pallets assembled in vertical positions juxtaposed horizontally and superposed vertically, a pallet comprising:

 at least three flanges oriented along a length of a long side of said pallet and determining an internal face of said pallet;

 at least three crosspieces oriented along a width (Hp) of a short side of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles and held at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice, with one die per soleplate;

- banks based on the sleepers, parallel to the soles, determining an outer face of said pallet; the pallets being assembled with the inner faces and the outer faces substantially vertical.

 In the wall, in addition, two pallets juxtaposed one row are immobilized together by at least one horizontal module (MH) assembly cooperating on a long side of each of said pallets juxtaposed by protuberances, integral with a sole said horizontal module, cooperating with openings formed on the long sides of each of said pallets between two successive dice, a bank and a sole.

 It is thus formed a frame with pallets and only two models of modules to ensure the assembly of the pallets and with the pallets in a position to place without obstacle in their thickness of the pipes and horizontal ducts.

 In one embodiment, vertically stacked pallets are immobilized together by at least one vertical assembly module (MV), cooperating on a short side of each of said superposed pallets, with crenels secured to a base of said module. vertical, cooperating with channels opening on the short sides of each of said pallets between two successive dice secured to a cross.

 In particular, the horizontal modules (MH) are in accordance with the horizontal modules of the invention.

 In particular, the vertical modules (MV) conform to the vertical modules of the invention.

 In one embodiment, a thickness of the frame comprises at least two pallets, and in the framework at least two facing pallets are arranged with their external faces facing each other. It is thus left accessible during the assembly, the volumes in the thickness of the pallets.

 In one embodiment, the wall comprises, in a thickness, pallets forming the framework of the wall of the ducts and or ducts and or insulation materials.

 Advantageously, the wall comprises on at least one visible face of the frame one or panels fixed to the pallets. It is thus realized a final assembly of the pallets of the frame and a finish of the surfaces of the wall.

In an application according to the invention, a bulge comprises at least two walls conforming to the walls of the invention arranged substantially parallel with the internal faces of pallets vis-à-vis said walls facing each other.

 A separation distance (Ds) between two facing pallets is maintained in the rampart at a value selected by at least one spacer module formed in a panel and having notches arranged on said spacer module to be engaged, in a position of said spacer module substantially vertical and substantially perpendicular to the inner faces of said pallets, in soles of said pallets vis-à-vis.

 It is thus obtained a stable frame of the rampart whose dimensions are perfectly defined by the pallets and modules used and can be assembled quickly without particular handling means.

 Advantageously, in the rampart, two pallets vis-à-vis are kept apart by four spacer modules divided into two spacer modules superimposed on each end of said two pallets vis-à-vis.

 This arrangement allows a reinforced connection between two pallets vis-à-vis and a better resistance to forces that could tend to bring said pallets closer or further, which connection can be further strengthened by increasing the number of spacer modules.

 Advantageously, the volume formed between the two walls is filled, at least partially, with a filling material. The mass of the filling material naturally stabilizes the wall and according to the specific characteristics of the filling material provides protection against external aggressions, for example protection against ballistic objects, against noise, against rising water. The invention also relates to a method of assembling a wall according to the wall of the invention, the wall comprising a frame with pallets held together by horizontal modules (MH) and vertical modules (MV), said process comprising the steps of:

 - Lay on the ground horizontal modules (MH) at the location of the partition to be assembled with the protuberances facing upwards;

placing a first row of pallets on said horizontal modules placed on the ground with the horizontal banks and with the protuberances engaged in the openings of the pallets and so that a vertical edge of a pallet, joined with a vertical edge of a pallet juxtaposed in the row, lies always between two protuberances of the same horizontal module. When the frame of the wall comprises at least a second row of pallets superimposed on the first row, the method further comprises the steps of:

 - maintain between them the pallets of the lower row in their upper parts by horizontal modules (MH) whose protuberances are oriented downwards and engaged in the openings of the pallets and so that a vertical edge of a pallet, joined with a vertical edge of a pallet juxtaposed in the row, is always between two protuberances of the same horizontal module;

 - Fix on each of the horizontal modules whose protuberances are oriented down modules a horizontal module with the protuberances facing upwards;

 placing the at least one second row of pallets on said vertical modules with the protuberances facing upwards, the pallets being placed with the horizontal edges and with the protuberances engaged in the apertures of the pallets, and so that there results a arrangement of pallets in columns;

 placing vertical modules (MV) on ends of the framework with slots of said vertical modules penetrating into channels oriented along a width (Lp) of the pallets.

 In one embodiment of the method, fasteners are placed during assembly to fix the modules, horizontal and vertical, to the pallets of the frame or between them. PRESENTATION OF THE DRAWINGS

The description and drawings of an exemplary embodiment and implementation of the invention will provide a better understanding of the aims and advantages of the invention. It is clear that this description is given by way of example, and is not limiting in nature.

 In the drawings:

- Figure 1 illustrates a wooden pallet of a standard model, here to the standard "Europe", in perspective on the view (a), side view (c) in vertical position and showing the banks and soles end, in simplified representation on the view (b) illustrating the different faces, sides and volumes of the pallet;

 - Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a wall partially made with pallets such as the pallet of Figure 1;

 - Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the pallet assembly modules substantially in the positions they will have in an assembled wall;

 - Figure 4 shows a perspective view a first row of pallets assembled for the realization of a partition;

 FIG. 5 represents the configuration illustrated in FIG. 4 with horizontal assembly modules placed on an upper free edge of the first row to prepare the laying of a second row of pallets, as illustrated in FIG. 2;

 - Figures 6a and 6b show a partial perspective view a partition forming a right angle, seen from inside the formed angle, Figure 6a, and from outside the formed angle, Figure 6b;

 - Figure 7 shows an exploded view of the partition in partial view of Figures 6a and 6b, and illustrating, at an equivalent angle of view to that of Figure 6b, pallets and modules implemented;

 FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d show in horizontal position an example of horizontal module for the assembly of pallets, in perspective view FIG. 8a, in profile view FIG. 8b, in plan view FIG. 8c, in section AA. Figure 8d showing an assembly of two modules according to the module of Figure 8a and the detail schematically illustrating a chamfer on a protrusion edge;

 FIGS. 9a, 9b and 9c represent, in an upright position, an example of a vertical module for the assembly of pallets, in perspective view in FIG. 9a, in profile view in FIG. 9b, in front view in FIG. 9c;

 - Figure 10 shows a section in a vertical plane of a wall frame with two superposed pallets and vertical modules used for assembly;

 FIG. 11 illustrates variant shapes of a horizontal module;

FIGS. 12a and 12b show a section in a vertical plane of a wall, comprising finishing elements, the framework of which comprises two juxtaposed sets of superimposed pallets according to two variants; of arrangement: with an identical position, FIG. 12a, and banks against banks, FIG. 12b

 - Figure 13 shows, in section, the principle of a partition having three pallets according to its thickness and comprising two pallets arranged according to the embodiment of Figure 12b between which is placed the third pallet in a median position;

 FIG. 14 shows, in front view, an example of a spacer module formed in a flat panel;

 - Figure 15 shows in cross section a ram in progress whose frame is formed by an assembly of two walls, each formed with a pallet in thickness, held together by spacers modules. The vignette (a) of figure 15, drawn with a reduced scale, presents on a front view of the rampart the position of the cut in the rampart.

In the drawings of the parts representing elements having the same function, even of different shapes, are identified by the same reference.

 The elements represented in the different figures and the different elements of the same figure are not necessarily represented on the scale. In particular details elements considered useful or important in the context of the invention are enlarged if necessary in relation to the other elements drawn for the sake of clarity of the illustrations.

Figure 1, view (a) in perspective and view (c) in profile with a width Hp in the vertical position, represents an example of a pallet 10 of wooden handling of a current model. Such a pallet, in its original application, makes it possible to ensure the handling of the goods in optimal handling conditions with standard means, for example forklifts, stackers or pallet trucks.

 In the vast majority of cases, the shapes of the pallets as well as their mechanical strengths and wood treatment meet standards.

A pallet meeting the EPAL standard (www.qualipal .fr). or Europe pallet, widely used in industry, nominally has a length Lp of 1, 200 m, a width Hp of 0.800 m and a total height Ep of 0.144 m, tolerances being also defined for these nominal dimensions. The pallet 10 comprises:

 three flanges 1 1 by which the pallet in common use rests on the ground;

 three crosspieces oriented perpendicular to the soles and kept at a distance from said soles;

 - Dice 12a, 12b, three in each sole, determining a constant distance or substantially constant between the flanges 1 1 and the cross members 13, bearing on the dice;

 a floor formed by planks, whose edges 14 on opposite edges of the pallet, resting on the sleepers, parallel to the flanges 1 1, and forming on their outer faces a surface for placing goods to be handled at the time of the first use of a pallet.

 It should be noted that a dimension, taken in a longitudinal direction of the sleepers, a die 12b associated with the midsole is greater than the corresponding dice 12a associated with the side flanges of the pallet, according to the EPAL standard.

The pallet 10 is therefore inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped, as shown in the view (b) of FIG. 1, of dimensions Lp, Hp and Ep.

 For the purposes of the description of the implementation of a pallet for the realization of a wall, it will be considered:

 an outer face 15 corresponding to the surface, of dimensions Lp × Hp, on which goods are placed when the pallet is used in its first use;

 an inner face 16 corresponding to a surface, of dimensions Lp × Hp, on which the pallet lies flat on the ground on the flanges 1 1 when the pallet is used in its first use;

 - Two long sides 17, Lp x Ep, corresponding to the edges of the pallet parallel to the banks 14 and soles January 1;

 two short sides 18 of dimensions Hp x Ep, corresponding to the edges of the pallet parallel to the crosspieces 13.

 On each long side 17 it is formed between a sole and a bank and between the dice attached to the sole two openings 171. The openings 171 are reproduced at each sole.

Between the short sides 18 there are formed two U-shaped channels 181, each of which said channels being formed between two adjacent soles and open towards the inner face.

The detailed example of realization of a wall, walls or partition, implements palettes according to the pallet 10 to the EPAL standard detailed above. This example is not limiting, however, any type of pallet having similar or similar characteristics that can also be implemented without departing from the present invention. The person skilled in the art will, in the case of different pallets of the Europe pallet, adapt the dimensions and shapes if necessary assembly modules implemented.

To produce a wall 100 according to the invention, for example a wall or a partition of which a partial embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of pallets 10 will be implemented.

 The number of pallets to be used depends on the developed surface of the wall to be made, in particular its length and height, if necessary deduction of the openings in the wall, and considering a number of pallets to be a thickness of the wall.

 The number of pallets forming the thickness of the wall is at least 1, as in the example illustrated in Figure 2, and has no theoretical maximum. In practice the number of pallets forming the thickness of the wall will be adapted to the load requirements to be supported by the wall.

 For example, for a building of the habitat type, the walls forming the walls will be in thickness of two pallets, as in the examples illustrated in FIGS. 12a and 12b, or three pallets as in the exemplary arrangement illustrated in FIG. such that a shelter can be formed with walls whose thickness is determined only by a single pallet and, on the contrary, a building of several storeys can, in the lower parts at least, have walls whose thicknesses will be the result of an assembly of more than two pallets. To maintain together the pallets assembled in a wall 100, it is implemented assembly modules.

The role of an assembly module is to form an assembly interface of at least two pallets and immobilize the pallets between them in a desired position, at least for the purposes of a mounting step of a frame of the wall 100. According to the principle of the invention, the pallets 10 are assembled to form a wall 100 with the horizontal edges 14 and therefore with the dimension Hp of the pallet along a height of said wall.

 A wall 100 has at least one row of pallets and generally has several rows superimposed to reach a desired height of said wall as shown in Figures 2, 6a and 6b.

In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 3, two models of assembly modules are considered: the horizontal modules MH and the vertical modules MV.

 The horizontal modules MH, in an assembled partition, cooperate with the long sides 17 of the pallets, and are placed in a horizontal plane.

 The vertical modules MV, in an assembled partition, cooperate with the short sides 18 of the pallets, and are placed in a vertical plane.

A horizontal module MH provides a connection between at least two pallets juxtaposed in a row of pallets.

 A horizontal module MH is a unitary element corresponding to an arrangement of several solid or hollow volumes.

 An example of horizontal module MH is presented, in horizontal implementation position, in Figure 8a in a perspective view, in Figure 8b in profile, in Figure 8c in top view, and in Figure 8d in vertical section.

 The horizontal module MH of FIGS. 8a, 8b and 8c comprises a plate 21 substantially of length Lp, length of a pallet 10, and a width Imh corresponding substantially to a height Ep of a pallet 10.

 As will be understood from the implementation of the horizontal modules MH, advantageously the length Lp of a horizontal module is a reference length so that the juxtaposed horizontal modules present, at least in some embodiments, a recovery in the direction the length by the interlocking of pins 29 with mortises 29 'at the ends of said horizontal module. In addition, the width Imh of a horizontal module slightly deviates from the height Ep of a pallet so that the horizontal module is reversible remaining contained between the planes of the outer 15 and inner faces 16 of the pallets.

This last condition requires that account be taken of an asymmetry of the pallet in vertical position, which has on the outer face 15 the cumulative thicknesses of a cross member 13 and a side 14 and on the inner face 16 the sole thickness of the sole 1 1, to take into account for the definition of module as the smallest of these thicknesses, and thus ensure a reversibility of the horizontal module MH.

 The horizontal module MH comprises a substantially flat first face 22 and a second face 23 having two protuberances 24.

 Each protuberance 24, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c, has a rectangular parallelepipedal shape. A width Bpr and a length Apr of the protrusion respectively correspond, for said width, to a height of the opening 171 on a long side 17 of a pallet 10 and, for said length, to the length of said opening on said side long, with tolerances on the dimensions of said protuberances such that the protrusion fits without excessive play or force in an opening 171, including in the case where said opening has the smallest dimensions due to the manufacturing tolerances of the pallets.

 The parallelepipedal shape of the protrusion may comprise softened edges or chamfers 241, as illustrated in the enlarged detail of FIG. 8d, which will facilitate the engagement of the protuberance 24 in the opening 171 of a pallet during assembly. a partition 100.

 A separation distance Spr between the two protuberances 24 of a horizontal module MH is also equal to twice the dimension of a die 12a, associated with a lateral sole, along the length of a pallet 10.

 This separation distance Spr results in particular from the desired position of a horizontal module MH straddling two pallets 10 juxtaposed, a situation in which the dice 12a neighbors of the two pallets are also juxtaposed.

 At each of its ends, the horizontal module MH comprises the right tenon 29 on one half of the width of the plate 21, the other half of said width corresponding to the mortise 29 ', the right tenons 29 being offset, in order to above said plate, to allow nesting at each end of the horizontal module of an identical horizontal module and so that a distance between the adjacent protuberances of two juxtaposed horizontal modules equal to the dimension of a median dice following the length of a pallet 10.

The straight form of the right post 29 is not mandatory, but it ensures the reversible mounting of the horizontal module MH and leaves a degree of freedom in a longitudinal direction of said module to take into consideration the need to make up, during the assembly of a partition frame, the dispersions on the lengths Lp of the pallets.

In a preferred embodiment at least one through hole 25 is arranged in the horizontal module MH so as to ensure a passage between the first face 22 and the second face 23 of said horizontal module. The through orifices are located on the horizontal module so that said through holes communicate the openings 171 of two pallets 10 superimposed and immobilized together by said horizontal module. In practice, a through orifice is thus located in a part of the plate 21 affected by the protuberances 24.

 In the exemplary embodiment of a horizontal module illustrated in FIGS. 8a to 8c, a through orifice 25 is made in each of the protuberances 24. Although a single through hole 25 is shown in the figures for each of the protuberances, it it is also possible to make a plurality of reduced section through orifices, for example in order to obtain a more rigid horizontal module than in the case of a single large through orifice or to ensure a physical separation of conduits or sheaths to walk vertically in the partition.

The dimensions according to the thickness of the horizontal modules MH can vary in relatively large proportions without major consequences on the functions performed by said horizontal modules.

 In practice the thicknesses will be adapted to the material in which the modules are made to ensure the passage of the forces to which they are subjected in the pallet assemblies considered.

 A thickness Hpl of the plate 21 will be sufficient to transmit shear forces in the longitudinal and transverse directions when the vanes, in which are embedded the protuberances 24, are themselves subjected to forces, for example forces induced by winds on the wall made or in progress.

For example, horizontal modules MH formed in a material based on compressed and glued wood fibers, or in a rigid cellular foam, by For example, a dense polyurethane foam or an expanded polystyrene, have platens with a thickness Hpl of the order of 0.5 to 5 centimeters adapted to the realization of many types of walls.

 In addition, the use of the materials and the evoked thicknesses makes it possible to have modules that are light and sufficiently strong when they are put in place, that can be cut, for example, to be cut to length, with ordinary cutting tools, saws or sharp blades. and makes it possible to absorb, by local deformations, irregularities on the edges of the pallets, irregularities related to the materials used for said pallets, generally raw sawn timber.

 The choice of a height Hpr protrusions 24, relative to the second face 23 of the plate 21, is guided by the same patterns as for the plate 21 to withstand horizontal forces on the pallets.

 The heights Hpr must also be sufficient to prevent accidental dislocation of the pallets, in particular during the mounting of a wall, for example a height Hpr is between 3 and 5 cm. In practice, it is not necessary for the heights Hpr to be substantially greater than the widths of the banks 14 or the flanges 11.

 The protuberances 24 are made of all durable and economically acceptable materials, advantageously in the same type of material as the plate 21 with which they are associated.

 The protuberances 24 may be made separately from the plate 21 and reported by gluing, interlocking or any other fastening means.

 In one embodiment, the horizontal modules MH, plates 21 and associated protuberances 24 are integrally formed in the same material by cutting into a block, or by molding, or by forming directly to the desired shape.

A vertical module MV provides a connection between at least two pallets superimposed at wall ends, as illustrated in FIG. 2, or when a wall forms an angle or is extended, as illustrated in FIGS. 6a and 6b, or again when a wall originates on one side of another wall, a case not illustrated.

A vertical module MV, as illustrated in a vertical position of implementation in Figure 9a in perspective view, Figure 9b in profile view and Figure 9c in front view, is in the form of a substantially constant thickness piece Emv comprising a base 31 and three crenellations 32.

 The thickness Emv is preferably less than a pallet height Ep less a cross-member thickness 13 and a bank thickness 14, that is to say less than a depth of the U-shaped channels 181. 'a pallet.

 The thickness Emv is in practice chosen so that, when the vertical module is engaged on a vertical edge of the wall made with pallets, the said vertical module is contained between the planes of the outer and inner faces 16 of the pallets and preferably without completely close the ends of the channels 181.

 In a non-illustrated embodiment, as in the case of the horizontal modules MH, each end of the vertical module MV comprises a right tenon associated with a mortise which allows when abutting two vertical modules MV to facilitate the precise juxtaposition .

 A total height Hmv of the vertical module MV is substantially equal to 1.5 times a pallet width Hp.

 A height Hc of each of the slots 32 is equal to an empty distance between two dice 12a, 12b over the width Lp of a pallet, that is to say a dimension of the channels 181 in the direction of the width Hp of a pallet.

 A distance between a first end 31 1 of the vertical module MV and the slot 32 closest to said first end is equal to once a dimension Hdla, according to the width of a pallet 10, a lateral die 12a.

 A distance between the slot 32 closest to the first end 31 1 and the nearest nearest square is equal to once a dimension Hdlb, according to the width of a pallet 10, a die 12b median.

 A distance between a second end 312 of the vertical module MV and the slot 32 closest to said second end is equal to 0.5 times a dimension Hdlb, along the width of a pallet 10, a median die 12.

 A distance between the slot 32 closest to the second end 312 and the nearest preceding slot is equal to twice a dimension Hdla of a median die 12a along the width of a pallet 10, increased by twice the Hpl thickness of the plate 21 of a horizontal module MH.

By complying with these dimensional conditions, always taking into account the dimensional tolerances of the pallets 10 and the vertical modules MV, a vertical module MV can be engaged in the ends of the channels 181 at a distance. wall end on a short side 18 pallets forming the wall considered, that is to say on the edge of said wall and pallets, as shown for example in Figures 2 and 6a.

 The vertical module MV can also be engaged on the internal face 16 of the pallets, provided that a width of the slots, that is to say a distance between a top of said slots and the base 31, is at most equal, and preferably lower than the depth of the U-shaped channels 181 in which said slots engage, as shown in Figure 6a. In one embodiment of the vertical modules MV, the width of the slots is equal, at least substantially, to the thickness Emv of said vertical modules.

 In one embodiment, the width of the slots and the thickness Emv of said vertical modules are substantially lower each than the depth of the channels 181 so that said channels are not completely closed by the slots to maintain between the vertical module MV and one of the faces of the pallet a free space through which pipes or ducts running in the wall can pass. MV vertical modules are made with materials and manufacturing techniques similar to those that can be implemented for the realization of horizontal modules MH.

As will be understood from the description of the method for mounting a wall 100, all the dimensions of a horizontal module MH or a vertical module MV, dimensions given in relation to the dimensions of the pallets 10 used, are to be considered. as theoretical values which will necessarily be adapted, on the one hand to bring games necessary for a simple assembly of the interlockings without however creating excessive games which would weaken the assembly, and on the other hand to take into account the manufacturing tolerances of the pallets and manufacturing tolerances of said modules.

Thus the protuberances 24 and the slots 32, intended to be placed in openings 171 or 181 channels of the pallets, will be made in consideration of the smallest dimensions accepted for said openings and said channels taking into account manufacturing tolerances.

 Thus the protuberances 24 or slots 32 will be made with separation distances between said protuberances and between said slots taking into account the largest dimensions accepted for the dice 12a, 12b, which are inserted between said protuberances or said crenellations.

 The assembly modules, examples of which have been described in detail previously, are considered hereinafter in an exemplary partial embodiment of a wall with a single thickness pallet as illustrated by the sequence of FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 2 showing the initial steps of an assembly of the frame of the wall 100.

 The assembly is carried out on a floor 99 adapted, prepared in advance during a step prior to the assembly of the walls, for example on a foundation of concrete or stone or on a screed according to the type of construction provided.

 In a first step, at the desired location of a wall on the floor 99, a first row 41 of horizontal ground MH modules is placed at the desired location of a wall, as shown in FIG. figure 3.

 The horizontal modules MH of this first row 41 are placed juxtaposed with their first faces 22 resting on the ground and the protuberances 24 upwards.

 The horizontal modules MH of this first row 41 are placed juxtaposed according to their lengths without intermediate space, respecting the engagement of the tenons 29 with the mortises 29 ', when it is implemented horizontal modules being provided with tenons and mortises , so as to form a line of a length corresponding to a number of pallets of a first row 51 of pallets, being taken into consideration that a vertical separation line between two aligned juxtaposed pallets is always located on the same horizontal module MH.

 It should be noted that, according to this last condition, one half lengthwise horizontal modules MH located at the ends of the wall do not support any pallet and protrude from the partition. These portions of the useless horizontal modules will advantageously be cut, before or after the installation of the partition, to be removed, leaving only one useful horizontal half-module MH / 2, as visible on the exploded assembly of FIG.

In one embodiment, the horizontal modules MH of the first row 41 are fixed to the ground 99, for example by ground fasteners, screws or bolts not shown, if necessary with the interposition according to the rules of the art a protective layer against rising damp which could lead to rapid deterioration of moisture sensitive elements.

In a second step, pallets 10 are placed in a vertical position as illustrated in Figure 4, to form a first row 51 of pallets.

 Each pallet 10 is laid with the horizontal edges 14 and at least with a horizontal module MH having only two protuberances 24, so that the two openings 171 on a long side of a given pallet are each engaged by a protrusion 24 of two different horizontal modules MH.

 When all the pallets of the first row 51 of pallets are placed, their positions are perfectly defined with respect to the ground 99 by the engagement of the protuberances 24 in the openings 171 which also provide a stability, at least relative, of the pallets during assembly of the partition. In a third step, horizontal modules MH are placed on a free upper edge of the pallets of the first row 51 to form a second row 42 of horizontal modules MH, as illustrated in FIG.

 The second row 42 of horizontal modules MH, only one of which is shown in FIG. 5, is placed in a mirror of the first row 41, that is to say with their second faces 22 and the protuberances 24 facing downwards. said protuberances engaged in the openings 171 on the edges of the pallets and each horizontal module straddling two pallets.

 This second row 42 of horizontal modules makes it possible to immobilize between them, in their high parts, the pallets of the first row 51, already immobilized in their lower parts, and the first faces 22 of said horizontal modules, oriented upwards, form a surface to lay a new row of pallets on the first.

In a fourth step, horizontal modules MH are placed on the surface formed by the second row 42 to form a third row 43 of horizontal modules MH, as illustrated in FIG.

This third row 43 is similar to the first row 41, the horizontal modules MH being placed with their first faces 22 resting on the second row 42 and with the protuberances 24 upwards. The horizontal modules MH third row 43 are further attached to horizontal modules of the second row 42 so as to avoid any displacement, in particular sliding, of the horizontal modules of the third row during and after the subsequent steps of the method.

 The horizontal modules of the third row can be fixed by any suitable means, in particular by fixing elements, for example screws, and or by gluing.

 The horizontal modules of the third row can be fixed after laying the second row of horizontal modules. They can also be fixed before placing the second row 42 to form double horizontal modules placed in one piece.

 In one embodiment, the horizontal modules MH have holes or pre-bores 26 for the placement of screws, bolts or other fasteners, and allow a simple and accurate positioning of two horizontal modules MH soleplate against sole.

After this fourth step, steps two, three and four are again performed for each row of pallets, as illustrated in Figure 2, to be mounted until the number of rows and the desired height for the partition 100.

 However, when the last row of pallets is placed, it is not necessarily the fourth step that may be unnecessary in the absence of a new row of pallets to ask.

Figure 10 illustrates the result of an assembly according to the method of two pallets superimposed in a partition, in a vertical section made between dice.

 It should be noted that according to the pallet mounting method, the latter are also placed in columns and thus without offset seals.

 However, the method for laying horizontal modules MH in rows 41, 42, 43 ensures the offsets of joins necessary for the stability of the mounted wall.

In a fifth step, vertical modules MV are placed at the ends of the wall 100 with the slots 32 engaged in the channels 181 of the pallets 10 or on the edge 18 of the pallets, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 2, or on the face internal 16 pallets, depending on a need for mounting pallet angle in a partition having an angle, as shown in Figures 6a and 6b.

 It should be noted that in these cases of junction with an angle, the vertical modules MV, of each of the partitions or partition parts forming the angle, are assembled together, for example by screws or bolts, to form a connection stable partitions.

 Different configurations for the implementation of horizontal modules and vertical modules are also included in the exploded assembly of FIG.

 Advantageously, each vertical module MV comprises in the base 31 holes or pre-bores 36 to fix the vertical modules between them and the pallets by fasteners, for example screws on the dice 12a, 12b pallets.

 The implementation of standard vertical modules like those illustrated in the figures makes it possible to simply make the junctions of partitions at right angles, either at the end of partitions, or at the start of a partition in a median part of another partition.

 It is also possible to make junctions with different angles of 90 ° by the interposition wedges shaped wedges when assembling the vertical modules. This solution avoids the implementation of specific vertical modules which are however possible in particular for values of very common angles.

In the embodiment which has just been described, it is obtained, with only two types of assembly modules: a horizontal assembly module MH and a vertical assembly module MV, a framework forming a bearing structure of the wall 100 to be made.

In later stages, accessory elements such as water pipes or electrical ducts are laid as much as desired in the thickness of the pallets.

It is noteworthy that the pallet laying mode makes it possible to have horizontal channels 181 open on a face opposite to the edges 14 and aligned along the entire length of the partition. It is therefore possible to install ducts or ducts simply after mounting the frame, without having to go through openings except, if necessary, at the ends of the wall. The presence of the through-holes 25 of the horizontal modules MH also place in vertical communication the openings 171 of the superimposed pallets, which also makes it possible to place ducts, ducts or other accessories in the vertical direction of the wall.

In the corner junctions, the limited dimensions of the slots, with respect to the depth of the channels 181, for example with the thickness dimensions Emv of the order of 50% of said channel depth, ensure the formation of free passages in the channels. angles.

 These free passages allow ducts or ducts to pass between the walls forming the corner. If necessary, notches can be made in the slots 32 to form passages of enlarged dimensions.

 The thickness dimension Emv reduced with respect to the depth of the channels also leaves a free passage when vertical modules are implemented in aligned pallet junctions as in the example illustrated in FIG.

Thermal insulating products 52 and sound insulation products, for example mineral, vegetable or animal wool, are optionally placed in filling of the interior space of the pallets and trim panels 50a, 50b are fixed to the pallets in a conventional manner. on one or both sides of the wall, both for their finishing roles and for their contribution to the rigidity and strength of the wall.

 The covering panels 50a, 50b are for example panels of wood, plywood or reconstituted wood, or plasterboard. Together with the framework formed by the pallets, they form a structure of the wall.

 It should be noted that some pallets may not be mounted when they correspond to openings provided in the wall, for example to form doors or windows.

 Another solution, less restrictive because independent of the dimensions of the pallets, to form openings is to mount the wall without opening and to cut the opening in the wall mounted.

As has been considered in the description of the vertical module MV, the assembly modules and the method are also adapted to the wall assemblies forming angles between them, right or not.

 Thus, when a wall is to be mounted by starting on a wall already built, according to the method of the invention or another existing wall, it is fixed on the wall already built MV vertical modules in which will be engaged, when their set up, the pallets of the wall to climb.

When for reasons of structural strength, insulation or other reasons, it is desired to produce thicker walls than those resulting from pallets juxtaposed in length and superimposed in height, it is possible to produce a wall whose frame is formed in thickness by two or more assembled pallets by applying the method and the means of the single frame partition described in detail.

 Figures 12a and 12b illustrate vertical sections of wall examples made with two pallets in thickness.

 In this case, it is advantageously realized links between parallel structures formed by assemblies of pallets. In one embodiment, such links are made by means of keyways 28 with dovetail pins 28a engaged in dovetail mortises 27 formed in the horizontal modules MH, and which maintain a constant distance between them. pallets vis-à-vis, distance that can be substantially zero or be non-zero, without implementing tools to the extent that the dovetail mortises 27 are formed by default in the horizontal modules.

 The keys 28 are placed when the horizontal modules MH are placed and are held in place, without being able to escape, by the pallets coming on said horizontal modules.

 Complementarily or alternatively, some or all of the pallets facing each other are assembled by fasteners such as screws or bolts.

 Two pallets 10 facing in a partition frame can be oriented with their internal faces 16 on the same side of the wall as in the example of Figure 12a.

 In another embodiment illustrated in Figure 12b, two palettes 10 opposite are assembled inverted with their outer faces 15 opposite.

According to this embodiment, internal volumes of each pallet 10 are accessible to assemble the pallets facing each other by screwing, and remain accessible when the frame is made, before installing the trim panels 50a, 50b.

 Because of the possibility of mounting all the pallets on a single thickness before mounting the pallets coming in opposite to form a partition with two pallets in thickness, it is easy to place a thin film 55 between the two thicknesses of pallet, for example a vapor barrier, and or an air passage barrier, and or a thermal radiation reflector, thermal insulating materials 52, or even conduits 53 and the technical sleeves 54 in the interior volumes of the first pallets assembled before assembling the other pallets.

FIG. 15 represents, in partial section and viewed from one end, another embodiment of the invention in the form of a ram 60 whose frame is formed mainly by an assembly comprising two walls constructed with pallets 10 as described. previously. In the wall 60, a distance separating the two walls is maintained by spacer modules ME fixing a separation distance Ds between two pallets 10 facing each other, their internal faces facing one another, the volume formed between the two walls comprising solid filling 68.

 An expander module ME, a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of which is shown in FIG. 14, is in a simple embodiment such as a rectangular panel 61 whose horizontal edges 62 substantially determine the separation distance Ds between two walls, more particularly between pallets 10 screwed into the wall. The separation distance Ds corresponds, with the thickness of the banks near, substantially to a wall thickness Er.

 A total height of the spacer module ME corresponds to a length of vertical edges 63 of said spacer module.

 It should be noted here that the arbitrary notions of horizontal edges and vertical edges are considered with reference to the position of the spacer module when it is arranged in the frame of the wall 60.

 The total height of the spacer module ME, that is to say the length of the vertical edges 63, is substantially equal to half the width Hp of a pallet 10, preferably slightly smaller to allow games adapted to the mounting to achieve.

The spacer module ME also has on each of the horizontal edges 62 two notches 64. Each notch 64 corresponds to a recess, in the panel of the spacer module, including an edge closest to the vertical edge 63 proximal is located at a distance LC corresponding substantially to a height of the opening 171 on a long side 17 of a pallet 10, and which forms a horn 65 whose width corresponds to the distance LC, that is to say in practically the width Bpr of a projection of horizontal module MH.

 Each indentation also has a width Ec and a height Hc determined to accommodate by the slice a sole 1 1 lateral or a half-sole 1 1 median, that is to say that the width Ec is slightly greater than a sole thickness to allow insertion, and that the height Hc is at least the width of a lateral sole or half-width of the middle sole, the greater of these two dimensions being considered.

 As illustrated in FIG. 15, the retractor module ME in vertical position is perpendicular to the internal 16 or outer faces 15 of the pallets 10 facing each other and the notches 64 are engaged by the soles 1 1 of each of the two pallets of so that said two pallets can not be moved away or close together.

 As also illustrated in Figure 15 two superimposed EM spacer modules ensure the maintenance of the spacing between two pallets vis-à-vis, for one in the lower part of the pallets and the other in the upper part.

 Advantageously ME spacer modules will be placed at each end of the pallets, resting on the edges of the lateral flanges and on the dice, so as to provide strength and stability to the rampart, particularly when the solid filling 68 is placed between the walls.

 The implementation of ME spacer modules whose height is substantially half that of the pallet 10 is advantageous because it allows to introduce said spacer modules when the pallets are positioned to form the frame of the rampart.

 A spacer module ME can be made in any type of material having the desired rigidity and strength. For example a spacer module is cut from a plywood panel of sufficient thickness, a normalized thickness of 14 or 16 mm having shown sufficient strength, and in a variety adapted to withstand water if necessary.

 With pallets meeting the EPAL standard, the characteristic dimensions of a spacer module ME are for example 399 mm high with Hc = 105 mm, Ec = 25 mm and Le = 75 mm. The width of the spacer module ME determines the thickness of the wall 60 and is therefore chosen according to the desired wall thickness.

When it is desired to make a rampart 60, walls are assembled, as described above, with the expected separation distance given the desired thickness of said wall. Advantageously, the two walls are assembled in a coordinated manner so that the spacer modules are placed as soon as possible, that is to say as soon as the two pallets vis-à-vis in the rampart are in place.

 In practice, and taking into account its dimensions, a spacer module ME is introduced at an angle between the two pallets, then positioned temporarily flat, substantially horizontal, resting on the low flanges with which it must be engaged and finally straightened in a vertical position , a movement during which the notches 64 high and low are engaged by the soles 1 1. It will be noted here that the symmetry of notches which is not strictly essential is advantageous by avoiding an imposed mounting direction of the spacer module ME. The substantially vertical spacer module ME is then slid to be placed at the desired location, for example in abutment against the edge of a soleplate.

 In one embodiment, each spacer module ME, once in position, is attached to the pallet 10, for example with screws so that said spacer module is not likely to fall during further mounting.

 The wall 60 can thus be mounted row by row 51, to reach the desired height of the wall.

 It should be noted that if more generally it will be sufficient to place ME spacer modules at the ends of the pallets, the skilled person looking for a particular resistance has the possibility of placing other spacers between the ends of the pallets.

 The space left free between the two walls can then be filled with a solid filling 68. Advantageously, the filling is carried out progressively as and when the rows 51 of pallets are put in place, and at least partially before the installation of a row of pallets superimposed on the row in place.

 The filling can be of any kind depending on the desired objective.

The filling is for example made with stones, sand, earth or any natural material or rubble that may be available near the location where the wall must be built. In this case, only the components of the walls must be made on site. This situation is particularly interesting when a protective wall has to be built quickly and at low cost, for example to ensure the protection of a provisional cantonment, for example for a protective dyke. The filling is for example made with a material or a mixture of acoustic attenuator material to make a noise barrier, a mixture which may comprise recycled materials such as pieces of tires. In the description of a detailed embodiment of the assembly modules and their implementation to achieve a wall, it is understood that the shapes of the modules can be the subject of alternative embodiments without departing from the present invention as far as their forms ensure the immobilization of assembled pallets juxtaposed in rows and superimposed by engagement of protuberances or crenellations in the sides of the pallets.

For example, the protuberances 24 of the horizontal modules MH, and or the slots 32 of the vertical modules MV, may have a slightly conical shape, at least towards the free end of the protuberance or the crenel, so as to facilitate its introduction into the opening 171 or the channel 181 of a pallet.

 Other forms of protuberances or crenellations are possible as long as the protuberance or the crenel fits without play or excessive force in the openings 171 or the channel 181 and that results, when the pallet 10 is placed, a immobilization of the pallet.

 For example, a protuberance 24 may be formed by two remote studs 241, cylindrical or conical, as illustrated in FIG. 11, of square sections -detail (a) -or rectangular -detail (b), or of any other form producing the same effects, the two studs practically materializing the ends of the rectangular parallelepiped protuberance, a trace of which is materialized on the plate 21 of FIG. 11 by a dashed rectangle.

 In the exemplary embodiments of FIG. 11, a through-orifice 25 is made in the plate 21 between the studs 241.

The assembly modules described in detail correspond to the smallest lengths necessary to make the assemblies of a given pallet model according to the principle of the invention.

However assembly modules of multiple lengths of those presented, for example modules of double lengths, can be implemented to achieve a similar result with pallet models similar to the pallets at the same time. EPAL standard.

 The horizontal and vertical modules may also have different shapes and dimensions to accommodate different pallets of structures, for example with a number of soles greater than three, for example with a number of rails greater than four, differences that have as a consequence of changing the number of dice, openings and channels of the palette.

 Such a choice makes it possible to implement a reduced number of assembly modules to make the framework of a partition in exchange for handling that can be more tedious, especially by a single person, and with a higher risk. loss of material except to combine different length of assembly modules.

It is also possible to produce horizontal modules equivalent to two horizontal modules MH previously described and assembled by their first faces 22 to ensure the connections between superimposed pallets.

 This is a third module model.

The shapes of the ends of the assembly modules can also be different.

 Advantageously, their shapes are chosen to facilitate precise alignment of the assembly modules.

 In the exemplary embodiment of the horizontal module MH described in detail, the shapes of the ends are made with straight tenons and mortises to ensure a partial overlap of two horizontal modules or two vertical modules juxtaposed, but keeping both ends of a horizontal module or similar vertical module so as to avoid mounting difficulties that would be induced by a preferred orientation of said horizontal module.

 Other forms are however possible which respect or not this condition of reversibility.

 Thus the ends of the modules can be simply straight, without tenon or mortise.

Thus the ends may comprise tenons and mortises of different shapes of the forms described but complementary to allow interlocking ends of the modules. The spacer module ME is also likely to have different shapes of the shape shown in Figure 14 as it ensures the function of maintaining a desired gap between the pallets vis-à-vis in a rampart.

 In particular, the outer corners of the spacer module can be cut, for example to 45 degrees, to facilitate the establishment of the spacer module.

 Also, the open ends of the notches 64 can be flared for the same reasons.

 The spacer module ME may also comprise recesses, for example for the purpose of lightening said spacer module, provided that such recesses do not weaken the necessary resistance of the module.

Attention is drawn to the dimensions and expressions underlying angular values, in particular vertical, horizontal and perpendicular, that the skilled person understands here that he is not in a mechanical domain of precision and that they must be interpreted with regard to the sufficient precision and the games necessary for the assembly of the realized constructions.

It is thus, by means of the invention, obtained frameworks of partitions, walls and ramparts, in general of any assembly of pallets comprising such frameworks, and partitions, walls, ramparts and assemblies consisting mainly of 'a material already shaped and spread, not produced specifically for the construction of buildings.

 This material has a low cost of acquisition and is easy to assemble mainly using two models of assembly modules, and if necessary a spacer module, to ensure all necessary connections of the frame.

 The weight of a standard pallet allows a single man to handle and quickly form large areas of walls or other walls.

Claims

Honzontal module (MH) for immobilizing together handling pallets (10) assembled in vertical positions juxtaposed horizontally and superposed vertically to form a frame of a wall (100), a pallet (10) comprising:

 - At least three flanges (1 1) oriented along a length (Lp) of said pallet and determining an inner face (16) of said pallet;

 - At least three crosspieces (13) oriented along a width (Hp) of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles (1 1) and maintained at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice (12a, 12b), with a die by sole;

 - Banks (14) resting on the crosspieces (13), parallel to the flanges (1 1), determining an outer face (15) of said pallet;

 the vanes (10) being assembled with the inner faces (16) and the substantially vertical outer faces (15), characterized in that said horizontal module (MH) comprises:

 a substantially rectangular parallelepipedal plate (21) comprising a first face (22) and a second face (23) parallel to said first face and distant from each other by a platinum (Hpl) thickness, of length substantially equal to or greater than a pallet length (Lp) and width (Imh) less than a pallet height (Ep);

 - At least two protuberances (24) secured to the second face (23), each protuberance having a length (Apr) substantially equal to a distance between two dice (12a) neighbors of the same sole (1 1) of a pallet (10), and having a width (Bpr) substantially equal to a height between a bank (14) and a flange (1 1) pallet;

 a separation distance between two protuberances (24) substantially equal to twice one dimension of a lateral die (12a) of a pallet (10) taken in the direction of the banks (14).

Horizontal module according to claim 1 wherein all or part of the protuberances (24) comprises at least one orifice passing through said horizontal module (MH). 3 - horizontal module according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein height dimensions (Hpr) protuberances (24) are between 5 mm and a sole width (1 1), preferably between 5 mm and 50% of the width of a sole. 4 - Horizontal module according to one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the plate (21) has protuberances (24) on each of its first and second faces.

5 - Horizontal module according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein each end of said horizontal module comprises a set mortise (29) and mortise (29 ') to ensure interlocking two aligned horizontal modules. 6 - Horizontal module according to one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the plate (21) comprises, between two adjacent protuberances (24), at least one locking mortise (27), that is to say a mortise whose shape ensures a maintenance of a complementary shape tenon.

7 - horizontal module according to one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the plate (21) comprises holes or pre-bores (26) for the placement of fasteners of said plate with pallets and or with another module board horizontal.

8 - Vertical module (MV) intended to immobilize between them pallets (10) of handling assembled in vertical positions juxtaposed horizontally and superimposed vertically, by means of at least one horizontal module (MH) according to one of claims 1 to 7, to form a frame of a wall (100), a pallet (10) comprising:

 - At least three flanges (1 1) oriented along a length (Lp) of said pallet and determining an inner face (16) of said pallet;

 - At least three crosspieces (13) oriented along a width (Hp) of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles (1 1) and maintained at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice (12a, 12b), with a die by sole;

- Banks (14) resting on the crosspieces (13), parallel to the flanges (1 1), determining an outer face (15) of said pallet; the vanes (10) being assembled with the inner faces (16) and the substantially vertical outer faces (15), characterized in that said vertical module (MV) comprises: a base (31) of width (Emv) less than a height of a channel (181) formed in a height (Ep) of the pallet, the height of said channel corresponding to the height (Ep) decreased by a thickness of crossbar (13) and a bank thickness (14), and a height (Hmv), between a first end (31 1) and a second end (312) of said vertical module, at least substantially equal to 1, 5 times a pallet width (Hp), increased by an accumulated thickness (Hpl) of plates (21) interposed between two pallets (10) superimposed in a vertical assembly;

 at least three slots (32) integral with the base (31) on the same face of said base, each slot (32) having a width equal to the width (Emv) of the base (31) and having a height (Hc ), in a longitudinal direction of the vertical module (MV), substantially equal to a distance between two dice (12a, 12b) neighbors on the same crossbar (13) of a pallet (10);

 a space between the crenel (32) closest to the first end (31 1) and said first end being of a height (Hdla) less than or equal to one dimension of a pallet lateral die (12a) according to the direction of a cross member (13);

 a space between two slots (32) intended to frame a pallet median die (12b) being of a height (Hdlb) substantially equal to a dimension of said pallet median die (12b) in the direction of a cross member (13); );

 a space between two crenels (32) intended to frame a junction of two superposed pallets in a vertical assembly being of a height substantially equal to twice one dimension of a pallet lateral die (12a) in the direction of a crossbar (13), increased by twice a thickness (Hpl) platens (21) interposed between said two pallets (10) superimposed.

Vertical module according to Claim 8, in which the width (Emv) of a slot (32) is between 30% and 80% of a depth of a pallet channel (181) and in which the height (Hc) a slot (32) is less than or equal to a depth of a pallet channel (181). - Vertical module according to claim 8 or claim 9 wherein the base (31) has holes or pre-bores (36) for the placement of fastening said base with pallets and or with another vertical module base.

1 1 - Wall (100) comprising a frame consisting mainly of handling pallets (10) assembled in vertical positions juxtaposed horizontally and superposed vertically, a pallet (10) comprising:

 - at least three flanges (1 1) oriented along a length (Lp) of a long side (17) of said pallet and determining an inner face (16) of said pallet;

 - at least three crosspieces (13) oriented along a width (Hp) of a short side (18) of said pallet, perpendicular to the soles (1 1) and held at a constant or substantially constant distance from said soles by dice ( 12a, 12b), with one die per sole;

 - Banks (14) resting on the crosspieces (13), parallel to the flanges (1 1), determining an outer face (15) of said pallet; the pallets (10) being assembled with the internal faces (16) and the outer faces (15) substantially vertical, said wall being characterized in that two pallets (10) juxtaposed a row (51) are immobilized between them by at least one horizontal module (MH) assembly cooperating on a long side (17) of each of said pallets juxtaposed by protuberances (24) integral with a sole (21) of said horizontal module, cooperating with openings (171); ) formed on the long sides (17) of each of said pallets between two successive dice, a bank (14) and a sole (1 1).

12 - Wall according to claim 1 1 wherein pallets (10) superimposed vertically are immobilized together by at least one vertical module (MV) assembly, cooperating on a short side (18) of each of said superimposed pallets, by crenellations (32), integral with a base (31) of said vertical module, cooperating with channels (181) opening on the short sides (18) of each of said pallets between two successive dies secured to a cross member (13) . 13 - Wall according to claim 12 wherein the horizontal modules (MH) are according to one of claims 1 to 7.

14 - Wall according to claim 12 or claim 13 wherein the vertical modules (MV) are in accordance with one of claims 8 to 10. - Wall according to one of claims 12 to 14, a thickness of the frame comprises at least two pallets wherein at least two palettes (10) vis-à-vis are arranged with their outer faces (15) facing each other . - Wall according to one of claims 12 to 15 having in a thickness of the pallets (10) forming the frame of said wall ducts and or ducts and or insulation materials. - Wall according to one of claims 12 to 16 having on at least one visible face of the frame one or panels (50a, 50b) attached to the pallets (10). - Rampart (60) having at least two walls (100) according to one of claims 1 1 to 17, wherein the two walls are arranged substantially parallel with the inner faces 16) pallets (10) vis-à-vis of said walls facing one another, a separation distance (Ds) between two facing palettes being maintained at a value chosen by at least one spacer module (ME) formed in a panel (61) having notches (64) arranged on said spacer module to be engaged in a position of said spacer module substantially vertical and substantially perpendicular to the inner faces (16) of said pallets, in soles (1 1) of said pallets vis-à-vis. - Rampart according to claim 18 wherein two pallets vis-à-vis are kept apart by four spacer modules (ME) distributed in two spacer modules superimposed at each end of said two palettes vis-à-vis. - Bulk according to claim 18 or claim 19 wherein a volume between the two walls is filled, at least partially, with a filler material (68). - A method of assembling a wall (100) according to the wall of one of claims 1 1 to 17 comprising a frame with pallets (10) held together by horizontal modules (MH) and vertical modules (MV), said method comprising the steps of:

 placing horizontal modules (MH) on the ground at the location of the partition to be assembled with the protuberances (24) facing upwards;

placing a first row of pallets on said horizontal modules placed on the ground with the banks (14) horizontal and with the protuberances engaged in the openings (171) of the pallets and so that a vertical edge of a pallet, joined with a vertical edge of a pallet juxtaposed in the row, is always between two protuberances of the same horizontal module. - Assembly method according to claim 21 wherein the frame of the wall (100) comprises at least a second row of pallets superimposed on the first row, comprising the steps of:

 - maintain between them the pallets of the lower row in their upper parts by horizontal modules (MH) whose protuberances (24) are oriented downwards and engaged in the openings (171) of the pallets and so that a vertical edge a pallet, joined with a vertical edge of a pallet juxtaposed in the row, is always between two protuberances of the same horizontal module;

 - Fix on each of the horizontal modules whose protuberances are oriented downwards modules a horizontal module with the protuberances (24) facing upwards;

 placing the at least one second row of pallets on said vertical modules with the protuberances facing upwards, the pallets being placed with the horizontal edges (14) and with the protuberances engaged in the openings (171) of the pallets, and so that it results an arrangement of the pallets in columns;

 placing vertical modules (MV) on ends of the framework with slots (32) of said vertical modules penetrating into channels (181) oriented along a width (Lp) of the pallets. - Assembly method according to claim 21 or claim 22 wherein fasteners are laid during assembly to secure the modules, horizontal and vertical, to the pallets (10) of the frame or between them.