EP3320149A1

EP3320149A1 - Moulding insert and facing block with such an insert

Info

Publication number: EP3320149A1
Application number: EP16744806.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Nicolas Freitag; Yassine BENNANI
Original assignee: Terre Armee Internationale
Current assignee: Terre Armee Internationale
Priority date: 2015-07-07
Filing date: 2016-07-05
Publication date: 2018-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-05
Also published as: MY189364A; RU2018104386A; AU2016290010A1; KR102542256B1; FR3025815B1; US20180195251A1; RU2708752C2; FR3025815A1; CN107949675A; CA2991429A1; CN107949675B; PE20180319A1; US10501907B2; ZA201800106B; AR105271A1; CL2018000055A1; PL3320149T3; RU2018104386A3; MX2018000145A; CA2991429C

Abstract

Moulding insert (8) for a mould for manufacturing a concrete facing block (4) for a reinforced ground construction (90), the said reinforced ground construction comprising a facing formed of such facing blocks and a backfill in which reinforcements connected to the facing are installed, the moulding insert (8) comprising a shell (1) delimiting an overall volume of a connection connecting a reinforcement (3) to the facing block, a core envelope (2) obtained by moulding separately from the shell, the shell having a first lateral face (15) pierced with a first opening (11) in which a first end portion (21) of the core envelope is fitted, the core envelope having the overall shape of a cone frustum.

Description

MOLDING INSERT AND FACING BLOCK WITH SUCH INSERT

The present invention relates to civil engineering works of reinforced soil type, for example an embankment, a dike, a gravity dam, a retaining wall, a basin-embankment fluid retention, a bridge abutment, etc ... This type of structure usually comprises a cladding and embankment in which reinforcement reinforcements connected to the cladding are installed.

The present invention relates in particular to facing elements, often in the form of prefabricated concrete blocks, their constitution and the method of obtaining such facing blocks.

Specifically, we are interested in the attachment areas of embankment reinforcement inside the facing block.

Various solutions and configurations are known from the prior art for attaching to the facing a continuous reinforcing reinforcement with a forward strand, a loop which passes around an anchoring core in the facing block, and a return strand. There may be mentioned documents US5839855 and US8790045.

According to the known art, a plastic molding insert is placed in a mold intended for the manufacture of a facing block, and concrete is then poured in liquid form into the volume intended for the facing block, a part of the concrete occupying a space corresponding to the anchor core provided to retain the embankment reinforcement, but without occupying a cavity reserved for the passage of the embankment reinforcement.

In addition, in some cases, this molding insert plays a sealing role, and prevents liquid concrete from arriving in the cavity that will be traversed by the reinforcing reinforcement once it is installed. The contact between the concrete and the reinforcement could cause premature degradation of it. In some other cases, this molding insert also plays a sealing role in the finished work.

The inventors have noticed on the one hand that the manufacture of such molding inserts presented certain difficulties and proved to require complex molds. On the other hand, the inventors have noticed that these known molding inserts, which must be transported from their own manufacturing site to the site of prefabrication of the facing blocks, occupy a large volume with respect to their volume of material (in other words the void rate is important in the packaging).

There is therefore a need to further optimize the molding inserts, their manufacture, their installation in the prefabrication mold blocks, while retaining good mechanical strength properties required for the connection / bond between the facing blocks and the reinforcements reinforcement in the embankment and therefore for the good consistency of the work to erect.

For this purpose, according to the invention, there is provided a molding insert, configured to be inserted into a mold for manufacturing a concrete facing block intended for a structure in reinforced soil, said reinforced soil structure comprising a facing formed by such cladding blocks and a backfill in which are installed reinforcements, preferably in the form of strips, connected to the facing, the molding insert comprising:

a shell, delimiting a general volume of a connection connecting an armature to the facing block, said general volume being opened while flaring towards a reference plane P,

- a core casing, obtained by molding distinctly from the shell,

the shell having a first lateral face pierced with a first orifice in which is fitted a first end portion of the core envelope,

characterized in that the core casing has a generally frustoconical shape.

Thanks to these arrangements, before assembly, several Core shells can be stacked into each other, and multiple shells can be stacked into each other, greatly reducing the void rate in the shipping packages of these parts, making the overall solution less expensive. In addition, such a core shell can be easily assembled into such a shell to form a molding insert for creating a cavity subsequently used as a connection to a frame.

In various embodiments of the invention, one or more of the following provisions may also be used:

the shell has a second side face pierced with a second orifice in which is fitted a second end portion of the core casing; advantageously, during assembly, it is possible to obtain a simultaneous jamming of the core casing respectively in the two lateral faces of the shell;

the interlocking is done without substantial clearance, benefiting from a wedge effect of the frustoconical shape of the core envelope, this at the level of the first end portion and the second end portion; a sufficiently closed interface is thus obtained between the two parts to prevent casting concrete from entering the cavity intended to receive an armature;

the taper al of the envelope of the core is between 1 degree and 10 degrees; the difference in size between the narrow side and the wider side of the truncated cone shape remains small, the strength of the nucleus to obtain is therefore little dissymmetrical; furthermore before effective use several core envelopes can be stacked forming a compact stack and their transport is easy;

the second orifice is larger than the first orifice; advantageously, during assembly, it is possible to thread the core casing easily through the second hole with a comfortable game,

the first orifice has a shape corresponding to the shape of the first end portion and the second orifice has a shape corresponding to the shape of the second end portion; a closed continuous interface is thus obtained both on the periphery of the first orifice and on the periphery of the second orifice.

in addition, the shape of the second end can be obtained by homothety from the first end; so that the core shell forms an exact cone frustum, without singularity of shape, which provides satisfactory strength to the anchoring core obtained later;

preferably the two orifices have similar shapes and the ratio of their size corresponds to the ratio of the sections of the first and second end portions; whereby a homogeneous wedging is achieved which occurs at the same time at the first orifice and the second orifice, thus obtaining a basic 'natural' seal between the core shell and the shell;

- The shell is obtained by molding in one piece; which is made possible by the flared shape of the hull; alternatively, the shell can be obtained in two parts, that is to say with a body and a lid;

the shell and the core casing are molded in injectable thermoplastic material, of polyethylene, polyolefin or polypropylene type; thus advantageously used a cheap material and easy implementation;

the shell and the core casing have sufficient flexibility to deform at the interface between the core casing and the holes of the shell, preferably with a wall thickness of between 0.5mm and 2 mm; this flexibility makes it possible to form a continuous docking seal all around the orifices, which makes it possible to obtain a satisfactory seal for the most usual configurations;

a specific weld joint can be formed at the interface between the core shell and the shell; which makes it possible to obtain a high degree of tightness for the molding insert and thus for the final work;

the shell can dock on a rear sealing membrane of the block, by means of a border arranged in the reference plane P; it is thus possible to achieve a complete seal on the entire rear face of the facing block, including in the attachment zone of the armature;

the reference section of the conical core envelope is an ovoid shape; which turns out to be an optimized form in terms of the tensile strength exerted by the reinforcement and for easy threading of the reinforcement and protection of the reinforcement;

the respective centers of the first and second orifices have positions offset in distance with respect to the reference plane P, so that the axis of the envelope of the core W has an inclination OL2 with respect to the reference plane. So that we obtain a length of travel of the same frame over the width of the frame, and that we avoid creating a voltage imbalance between one side and the other of the band of the frame ;

Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for producing a molding insert:

providing a shell, intended to delimit a general volume of the connection linking an armature to the facing block, said general volume being opened while flaring towards a reference plane P,

- providing a core casing, obtained by molding distinctly from the shell, the core casing having a generally frustoconical shape,

- assemble the core shell into the shell.

Other aspects, objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of several of its embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples. The invention will also be better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a civil engineering work in which the invention is put into practice;

- Figure 2 shows a detailed sectional view of the connection of a frame at the back of the facing;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective diagram of the molding insert used according to the invention;

- Figure 4 is a detailed sectional view of the connection of a frame at the back of the facing, along the section line IV in Figure 2 and 5;

- Figure 5 is a detailed sectional view of the connection of a frame at the back of the facing, along the section line V in Figure 4;

- Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4 according to an alternative embodiment;

- Figure 7 shows several core envelopes stacked in each other;

- Figure 8 shows several shells stacked in each other;

- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 4 according to an alternative embodiment;

- Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 4 according to another embodiment;

FIG. 11A illustrates the molding operation of the prefabricated facing block with the molding inserts in the upper position;

- Figure 11B is similar to Figure 10 with the molding inserts in the lower position and a sealing membrane;

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the molding insert used according to the invention;

In the different figures, the same references designate identical or similar elements.

By way of example, a civil engineering structure according to the invention may be a dam, a dike, a fluid retention structure, a canal bank, a construction intended to widen or enhance an existing structure, an embankment circumscribed by a siding, an abutment or more generally any other civil engineering work.

FIG. 1 represents a civil engineering work 90 according to the invention, comprising:

a facing 9 extending from a foundation which, in the example shown, is the floor 91,

a backfill 7 of structure situated at the rear of the facing, reinforcements 3 which extend inside the backfill and which are connected to the facing, more specifically in anchoring zones 5 formed at the rear of the backing; siding.

The reinforcements 3 play a role of mechanical stabilization of the embankment 92 and ensure the structural cohesion between the embankment 92 and the facing 9, as known per se.

The facing 9 is substantially vertical as illustrated in Figure 1 (in the direction marked 'Z'), and comprises a front surface 95 substantially coincides with the outer face of the structure and a rear surface 96 located opposite the the front surface 95 and adjacent to the embankment 7.

In a cartesian coordinate system, the cladding generally extends in a plane YZ with a normal along the X axis which is perpendicular to the plane. In addition, a reference plane P is defined at the rear surface 96 of the facing.

In the example illustrated, the facing 9 is a concrete wall, the wall preferably being made in a modular manner, as illustrated in FIG. that is to say by the superposition of prefabricated concrete plates 4 ('facing blocks' 4) which are assembled on the site of the structure during its construction. Because of their weight and size, the facing blocks are preferably manufactured in the immediate vicinity of the work site.

It should be noted that the facing 9 can be inclined and that the front face can be vegetated. The space vis-à-vis the front face may be in the open air or filled with a liquid to retain.

The embankment 7 of the structure may be with earth and / or stony aggregates, these materials being roll compacted by strata. The embankment 7 contributes by its weight to the stability of the civil engineering work 90 in question.

The embankment 7 is made by installing successive layers from the ground or foundation 91 to the upper end of the structure. Between each layer, there is a plurality of reinforcement frames 3 substantially in a horizontal plane over the entire surface. It is possible to arrange the armatures 3 at a distance from each other along Y and parallel to each other, in this case they extend from the rear of the facing substantially in the direction X. According to another configuration, the armatures 3 can be extend obliquely with respect to the X direction (see below and Fig. 4 and 6).

Thanks to the inclusion of reinforcements 3 in the embankment 7, so is formed what is called a "reinforced soil".

The reinforcements 3 are made in the form of reinforcement strips of synthetic fabric or plastic material, also known as "geotextile web", a known example is given in document EP2247797. Each reinforcing strip typically has a generally rectangular section with a width of 3 to 10 cm, typically 5 cm, and a thickness of between 2 and 6 mm, typically 4 mm; moreover, the armature extends over a relatively long length in its so-called longitudinal direction X ', namely several meters or even several tens of meters. The armature works essentially in traction along its longitudinal direction, for which it has a good resistance. The armature can bend in the direction perpendicular to its plane, so as to form a loop around the anchor core. Twisting around the longitudinal axis is also possible.

In certain configurations, the armature 3 is installed in a given horizontal plane forming zigzags, that is to say, it enters and leaves in the facing block at the attachment zone along X 'with a certain angle vis-à-vis the normal direction X.

The interface and attachment between the frames 3 and the facing 9 is described below in detail with reference to FIGS. 2-5.

Indeed, each of the plates 4 of the facing comprises at least one attachment zone 5 for receiving and anchoring a reinforcement 3. This attachment zone 5 comprises a cavity 50 forming a recess inside said plate 4, and opening on the rear surface 96 of the facing 9. Preferably, the cavity 50 opens only on the rear surface 96. The cavity is traversed by an anchoring core 6 extending along the Y axis, anchoring core around which the frame 3 passes and is held there.

The anchoring core 6 delimits and separates an upper mouth 51 and a lower mouth 52 from the cavity 50.

We proceed to the installation of a frame 3 by threading one end of the frame by one of the mouths, for example the lower mouth. The reinforcement is then pushed so that it turns into the bottom 53 of the cavity and comes out at the mouth. higher. Thus the armature loops around the core with a forward strand 31, a buckle portion 33 retained by the anchor core and a return strand 32.

It is noted that the facing blocks have a general thickness (according to X) denoted Dl (typically in the range [10cm-50cm]) and that the depth of the cavity from the back of the facing is marked D2, D2 can be typically comprised between 1/5 and 3/5 of Dl.

Pouring blocks are produced by pouring liquid concrete into a prefabrication mold 47, and the concrete is then expected to take off to unmould and move the facing block to the worksite and install it on the siding under construction in the work. FIG. 11A illustrates the step of prefabrication of the cladding blocks.

There is a mold 47 of generally parallelepipedal shape in the example illustrated, is placed inside the molding form one or more molding inserts 8 by which are formed the aforementioned attachment zones 5.

As illustrated in FIGS. 3,4,5, the molding insert 8 consists of a shell 1 and a core shell 2.

Each of these parts (core shell and shell) is obtained by molding, independently of one another, most often on a site remote from the site where they will be assembled for implementation. Then, on the prefabrication site of the facing blocks, a core envelope is assembled in a shell to form a molding insert 8 which is placed in the mold 47.

The shell 1 delimits a general volume of the connection linking an armature 3 to the facing block, said general volume s' opening flaring towards the reference plane P, in other words this volume forms a flared bowl open towards the mouth 51,52 outwards.

The core casing is intended to delimit the volume of the aforementioned concrete anchoring core 6. Note that the core casing 2 advantageously has a general shape of truncated cone centered on the axis noted W, conicity whose utility will be seen below. The generating base of this truncated cone shape is in the illustrated example an ellipse, but of course any other shape could be suitable.

Generally, the core shell 2 is a simple thin-walled tubular shape with a vacuum inside and both ends open. But, by virtue of the general shape of the truncated cone, it is noted that the first end portion 21 of the core casing has dimensions a little smaller than those of the second end portion 22.

The shell 1 comprises a first lateral face 15 pierced with a first orifice 11, a second lateral face 16 pierced with a second orifice 12, and two other so-called longitudinal faces 13, 14 which meet continuously in the bottom zone 83. of the shell (bottom zone 83 intended to form the bottom of the cavity).

It can be seen that the lateral faces 15, 16 are not parallel, the bottom is narrower and an opening angle (respectively designated Θ1 and Θ2) is provided which gives a general flare of the shell towards the main opening, which is intended to be arranged in the vicinity of the abovementioned reference plane P. Similarly, the longitudinal faces 13, 14 diverge outwards (with an angle denoted βΐ, see Fig. 5) and contribute to the general flaring of the shell.

Advantageously, thanks to such a flared shape, several shells 1 can be stacked one inside the other as shown in FIG. 8. Such an assembly 1E is very compact, the distance difference between two adjacent stacked shells can be less than one quarter of the depth D2 of the hull.

Note that the core envelopes 2, too, can be stacked one inside the other like this is shown in Figure 7. Such an assembly 2E is very compact, the distance difference between two adjacent stacked envelopes may be less than a quarter of the axial length L2 of the core casing (see Fig. 3).

In this way, it is possible to carry a lot of hulls in a small volume and also to carry a lot of core hulls in a reduced volume from production sites that can be separate and otherwise very far from the site of the hull. book 90.

At the time of assembly of the molding insert 8, the core casing 2 is threaded with its end portion of the smallest dimension forward of the movement (as illustrated in FIG. 3) through the second opening 12 of the hull through the first opening 11 of the hull 1.

As a result, the first end portion 21 is nested within the first opening 11 of the core shell, and the second end portion 22 is nested in the second opening 12 of the core shell.

The interlocking is preferably without play so that the interface between the first end portion and the first orifice 11 forms a continuous closed seal; to this end, it can provide a flexibility of the material that helps to make up a possible manufacturing dispersion. Similarly, at the second orifice 12, the interlocking is preferably without play.

Advantageously, to obtain a good interlocking, in other words a good jamming of the core casing 2 in the orifices 11, 12 of the shell, a taper al is provided between 1 ° and 10 °, preferably close to 5 °.

In the example illustrated, the core shell 2 forms an exact cone of the cone, that is to say that the first elliptical end portion is homothetic with the second end portion. In addition, it is expected that the ratio of the size of the first and second ports (11,12) corresponds to the ratio of the sections of the first and second end portions (21,22), which guarantees a simultaneous placement at the two orifices. during the insertion movement.

In order to prevent the core envelope from projecting too far from the side faces 15, 16 of the shell, it is also provided that the axial ends of the core envelope are truncated, each following a section cut along the planes P1 'and P2' , neighbors and outwardly offset with respect to the planes P1 and P2 in which respectively extend the first side face 15 and the second side face 16.

In FIG. 4, the axis W is parallel to the reference plane P, that is to say that the point W1 where the plane Pl and the axis W intersect and the point W2 where the plane P2 intersects and the axis W are at the same distance from the reference plane P.

In contrast, in Figure 6, the axis W is not parallel to the reference plane P, it deviates from an angle <x2. More precisely, the point W1 where the plane Pl and the axis W intersect is further from the reference plane than the point W2 where the plane P2 intersects the axis W. Advantageously according to this arrangement, when the angle <x2 is close to al, or preferably slightly greater than al, the reinforcing strip 3 loops 'flat' on the rear of the anchor core 6 and therefore each side of the strip travels the same distance in the attachment zone 5 inside the cladding. This avoids creating an imbalance that could increase the stresses on one side of the reinforcement strip 3.

When liquid concrete 45 is poured into the prefabrication mold 47, which is vibrated with vibrators 48, the concrete 45 enters the empty space in the middle of the core casing 2 to form the core. anchoring 6 and more concrete comes to marry the lateral faces 15,16 and longitudinal sides 13,14 of the shell, without however entering the cavity 50 provided for the passage and anchoring of the armature. It is also possible to insert a metal reinforcement (not shown) into the core along the W axis.

In addition, there can be provided a stop flange 24 on the second (and therefore the largest) end of the core casing 2 as is visible in FIG. 6. This flange limits the stroke of the core casing during the insertion movement.

Furthermore, it can be provided notches (not shown) which act as clipping, and which provide sensory feedback for the operator who proceeds to the insertion of the core shell in the shell.

Advantageously, alignment marks can be provided on the shell 1R and on the shell 2R, which allow the operator to correctly orient the core shell around its axis W during the insertion operation. (see Fig 12).

In addition, there is provided on the shell 1 a minimum filling mark 49 of the mold corresponding to a level marked PR0 in Figure 4, a minimum level which ensures sufficient anchor tensile strength.

Of course, the molding insert 8 is embedded in the concrete is an integral part of the cladding block 4 completed ready for use on the facing.

In Figure 9, there is illustrated a variant where the facing 9 must have a good seal to liquids during the life of the structure. Therefore, not only the molding insert 8 must hinder the penetration of liquid concrete during the molding phase, but must also be liquid-tight during the service life of the structure. For this purpose, in addition to the adjusted fit advantage already presented above, to add a heat seal 18 all around the interface of the core shell on the shell; it is noted that access to achieve this heat sealing from the outside is easy after insertion of the core shell in position in the shell.

In addition, there is provided at the rear of the facing block a sealing membrane 19 which may be made of plastic for example high density polyethylene (HDPE) or another thermoplastic polymer. This waterproofing membrane 19 (or "sealing plate") is adjacent to the rear surface 96 of the actual concrete facing.

This sealing membrane 19 is welded to the edge 10 of the shell by a thermo weld bead 17.

Note that the seal 17 between the waterproofing membrane 19 and the edge 10 of the shell can be made by gluing or heat sealing or any other means known in the art.

The waterproofing membrane 19 is preferably already installed on the facing block before it is installed on the structure.

Indeed, as illustrated in Figure 11B, after cutting a sealing membrane to the size of the facing block, it makes rectangular openings provided at the locations of the attachment zones 5. Then the molding inserts are prepared 8 above and fixed (by gluing or heat sealing) at the openings in the waterproofing membrane. Then the sealing plate 19 is fitted with molding inserts in the bottom of the mold (FIG. 11B), and the liquid concrete 45 is poured.

The method for assembling the civil engineering work 90 according to the invention is not described in detail here because known per se. We proceed by strata by installing the material of embankment to a level where attachment zones are provided; then cup with a compactor; then we install the frames; then we begin again for the next layer and so on to the top of the work.

Regarding the siding, it can also be erected in layers at the same time as the embankment and reinforcement, or it can be erected beforehand in advance of phase.

With regard to the sealing arrangements of the entire cladding in service, the operations for making the sealing connections at the interface of the facing cladding blocks are described in EP2567032 (case 564).

As regards the materials, the shell and the core casing 2 are molded in injectable thermoplastic material, of the polyethylene, polyolefin, polypropylene or other equivalent material type. The wall thickness will typically be between 0.5mm and 2mm.

Note that the wall thickness and strength of these parts will be calculated to meet their assembly and up to the concrete casting operation included, because once poured concrete, it is the concrete that gives rigidity to the assembly, and the shell and the core casing have only a role of contact protection vis-à-vis the frame 3. It is not excluded to provide small reinforcement ribs to optimize the overall thickness of shell 1 and core shell 2.

In Figure 10, there is illustrated a variant in which the shell is formed in two parts, namely a body 28 which includes the first port and a cover 29 which includes the second port. Core of the envelope may for example be inserted into the body 28 and insert ^¬ above the cover 29 which interfaces with both the body and the core shell from the inside as shown in Figure 10. In a particular , the lid and the body could be articulated at a level of hinge and provided for the lid to close towards the final position shown. Thus the shell would be obtained by a single molding operation.

In Figure 12, are shown on the one hand the joint plane PJ demolding the shell and on the other hand an ovoid shape for the anchor core. This particularly optimized ovoid shape is described in detail in US8790045; it is noted that the rear half is very close to a hemi-cylindrical shape which favors a uniform radius of curvature for the reinforcement in its loop 33 around the core, the front half is more elliptical which allows to have the mouths very open upper and lower to favor all armature entry and exit configurations.

Claims

A molding insert (8), configured to be inserted in a mold for manufacturing a concrete facing block (4) for a reinforced soil structure 90, said reinforced soil structure comprising a facing formed by such cladding blocks and a fill in which are installed reinforcements connected to the cladding,

the molding insert 8 comprising:

a shell (1) delimiting a general volume of a connection connecting an armature (3) to the facing block, said general volume being opened while flaring towards a reference plane P,

a core casing (2), obtained by molding distinctly from the shell,

the shell having a first lateral face (15) pierced with a first orifice (11), in which is fitted a first end portion (21) of the core envelope,

characterized in that the core casing has a generally frustoconical shape.

2. molding insert according to claim 1, wherein the shell has a second side face (16) pierced with a second orifice (12), in which is fitted a second end portion (22) of the envelope of core.

3. Mold insert according to claim 2, wherein the interlock is made without substantial clearance, benefiting from a corner effect of the conical shape of the core casing, this at the first end portion and of the second end portion.

4. Mold insert according to one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the conicity al of the casing of the core is between 1 degree and 10 degrees, the second orifice (12) is larger than the first port (11).

The molding insert according to claim 2, wherein the first orifice (11) has a shape corresponding to the shape of the first end portion (21) and the second orifice (12) has a shape corresponding to the shape of the the second end portion (22),

6. Mold insert according to claim 2, wherein preferably the two orifices (11,12) have similar shapes and the ratio of their size corresponds to the ratio of the sections of the first and second end portions (21,22). .

7. Mold insert according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the shell is obtained by molding in one piece.

8. Molding insert according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the shell and the core casing are molded of injectable thermoplastic material, polyethylene type, polyolefin, polypropylene.

The molding insert of claim 2, wherein the shell and the core shell have sufficient flexibility to deform at the interface between the core shell and the shell ports, preferably a wall thickness of between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.

Mold insert according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a specific weld joint (18) can be formed at the interface between the core shell and the shell,

11. Molding insert according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the shell can dock on a membrane rear sealing member (19) of the block, by means of a border (10) arranged in the reference plane P.

12. Mold insert according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the reference section of the conical core shell is an ovoid shape.

The molding insert according to claim 1, wherein the respective centers of the first and second orifices (11, 12) have positions offset in relation to the reference plane P, so that the axis of the envelope of the core W has an inclination (2) vis-à-vis the reference plane.

14. Process for producing a molding insert

- Provide a shell (1), intended to delimit a general volume of a connection connecting a reinforcement (3) to a facing block (4) of a facing of a structure in reinforced soil, the said general volume s' opening while flaring towards a reference plane P,

- providing a core casing (2), obtained by molding distinctly from the shell, the core casing having a generally frustoconical shape,

- assemble the core shell (2) in the shell (1).

15. Cladding block comprising at least one molding insert (8) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

Reinforced soil structure comprising at least one facing block according to claim 15.