Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
  • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
  • D21F3/02—Wet presses
  • D21F3/08—Pressure rolls
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
  • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
  • C23C4/06—Metallic material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
  • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
  • D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
  • D21G1/0246—Hard rolls
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
  • D21G3/00—Doctors
  • D21G3/005—Doctor knifes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a component for a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, in detail according to the independent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for coating such a component, the coating itself and a spray powder for producing such a coating, in detail according to the remaining independent claims.
• rolls are used, for example in the form of calender rolls in calenders for the final processing of the surfaces of paper webs.
• the roughness of Kalanderwalzenober lake has a significant impact on the surface properties of the paper produced, such. B. its gloss and smoothness.
• calender rolls Due to the high contact pressure and the high temperatures at which calender rolls are operated, their surface is exposed to high mechanical and thermal loads. Therefore, calender rolls are usually provided with a roll cover that combines sufficient ductility with a high surface hardness.
• a roll cover that combines sufficient ductility with a high surface hardness.
• the radially outer or outermost surface comes in operation with the paper web at least indirectly in contact.
• Such known functional layers generally have a binder phase which performs the task of a matrix.
• a matrix may comprise or be made of, for example, nickel, cobalt or iron serving as a binder for a hard phase embedded therein.
• the hard phase can be in the form of hard particles such as hard material grains.
• the material for the hard phase usually metal-type carbides such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide or chromium carbide, metallic nitrides such as titanium nitride and mixtures thereof and carbonitrides such as titanium carbonitride used. While the metal used for the binder phase is related to the ductility to be achieved Roll reference is selected, the hardness of the reference surface is determined by the embedded therein hard grains.
• base alloys such as iron or nickel-based alloys
• a disadvantage of such base alloys is their low wear properties. These are usually associated with a reduced abrasion resistance of the coating. In the past, such coatings had a low stability. The components therefore had to be replaced or sanded down and then re-coated. This resulted in smaller grinding and coating intervals. According to the prior art, although many efforts have been made so far to improve the wear characteristics. However, these could not prevail in practice in use on paper machines.
• doctor blades are applied to the roll surface, which remove the impurities from the roll surface.
• Such doctor blades can, where they come into contact with the roller or its roller cover, also be equipped with corresponding functional layers.
• the present invention relates to such coated rolls and doctor blades, but is not limited exclusively to these, but can also be applied to other components of a comparatively claimed type of machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web such as paper web.
• An example of rolls are central press rolls in the press section of a paper machine. But other industrial rollers come into consideration.
• doctor blades it is possible to use knives or scrapers which come into contact, at least indirectly, in the machine with the roller, the fibrous web or a coating to be applied thereto. At least indirectly means here, at least an indirect one Contact the relevant parts or even a direct, so immediate contact is conceivable.
• doctor blades may be doctor blades for applying a coating to the fibrous web, creping blades for creping a fibrous web from a roll, or cleaning scrapers for doctoring a roller to clean it.
• US 2007/0224350 A1 discloses the coating of scrapers by means of thin-film technology.
• the starting material for the coating is brought into the gas phase under vacuum by vacuum-based coating methods such as CVD or PVD and then deposited on the component to be coated.
• the component has to be laboriously introduced into a corresponding air-evacuated chamber, so that it can be coated there. This comparatively high plant engineering effort is needed.
• the publication also describes the use of MAX phases deposited by thin-film technology.
• US 2007/0224350 A1 teaches away from performing the thermal spray coating because the resulting porosity is detrimental to the use of the product provided with the coating.
• DE 10 2009 029 698 A1 discloses a partially porous coating of a scraper with a commercial hard metal powder with 8-10% cobalt and tungsten monocarbid as hard material.
• the publication does not show that the hard material causes dispersion hardening of cobalt.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, such as a roll or a doctor blade, by means of which the disadvantages due to washing out of the binder phase can be prevented.
• the present invention is based on a single general idea, namely to add certain particles to the functional layer of the component in order to effectively counteract the disadvantages mentioned above.
• the first alternative of the invention is based on generally providing the functional layer with dispersion-hardening particles. This results in a functional layer containing exactly two phases.
• the functional layer is composed of a hard phase and a binder phase, wherein the dispersion-hardening particles are then added to the binder phase.
• the functional layer contains MAX phase particles.
• the particles according to the invention are in the finished component in each case homogeneously and finely distributed in the functional layer (or its binder phase), so that they represent an effective obstacle to microabrasion of the material of the functional layer, which occur as a result of eg mechanical stress during normal operation of the component within the functional layer.
• a fibrous web is to be understood as a scrim of fibers, such as wood fibers, synthetic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, additives, additives or the like.
• the fibrous web may be formed, for example, as a paper, board or tissue web, which essentially comprise wood fibers, wherein small amounts of other fibers or additives and additives may be present.
• a component for a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web is understood, for example, to mean a roll or a doctor blade.
• the component may have a main body, in the case of a roller a preferably cylindrical roller core, in the case of a doctor blade in particular a strip-shaped body.
• the roll may be a calender roll or a drying cylinder, such as Yankee cylinders. It can be designed heated or heated.
• functional layer in the sense of the present invention is meant a layer which comes into direct or indirect contact with another part of the machine. This part can rest or move relative to the component having the functional layer.
• direct or indirect it is meant that the functional layer is applied indirectly (indirectly to at least one intermediate layer arranged between main body and functional layer) or directly (directly, ie without an intermediate layer) to the main body.
• the at least one intermediate layer may be an adhesive layer, which serves for the bonding between on the one hand the main body and the at least one functional layer.
• functional layer means that radially outermost or outermost layer, which, for example, during operation of the machine with the Paper web and / or a doctor blade comes into contact.
• a roll cover or a doctor blade coating in the sense of the present invention therefore comprises at least one functional layer, but may also additionally have the at least one intermediate layer.
• the functional and / or intermediate layer can / can be made up of a plurality of individual layers, ie in layers.
• the functional layer can be at least partially metallic, that is to say partly comprise a metal or be made entirely from one.
• binder phase is meant a toughening component such as a matrix or a binder.
• hard phase is meant a hard material component that is embedded in the binder phase.
• Hard phase and binder phase of the finished coating can together form a cermet. Binder and hard phases are disposed within the same functional layer and homogeneously distributed therein.
• finished coating means a ready-to-use coating as it can be used for the purpose mentioned, ie in particular a solidified at room temperature material compared to the starting material such as the mixture of the spray powder according to the invention over the unprocessed starting particles high hardness, wear resistance and especially the has high hot hardness.
• finished component means a component which has such a finished coating and the term “finished functional layer” means that the functional layer is likewise ready for use as defined above.
• the reference surface thus the functional layer e.g.
• the roller can be ground to the roughness required for the particular application.
• a base alloy in the sense of the present invention is a metallic material, which consists of at least two elements, and its main component a metal is.
• metallic main component is meant that predominantly metallic particles are present therein.
• Predominantly means that, measured on all other constituents of the alloy (metallic or non-metallic alloying elements) which together yield 100% by weight, the main constituent constitutes the largest absolute weight% of these alloying elements in the alloy. It can predominantly mean that at least 30% by weight or more (eg 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%) of the main component, measured in terms of the total weight of the base alloy or of the functional layer, are contained in it. This applies analogously to the spray powder.
• Dispersion-hardening particles in the sense of the present invention are those particles or their precursors (part of the MAX phase which does not completely decompose as a result of the coating), which cause dispersion hardening of the functional layer in the finished coating.
• the dispersion hardening may be precipitation hardening and then relies on the deposition of stable or metastable phases in finely divided form in the finished functional layer.
• the precipitated as a result of dispersion hardening particles are called dispersoids.
• Dispersoids can be (1) coherent or (2) incoherent. That they can (1) have a crystal lattice related to a matrix (here the metal of the functional layer) and clamp the environment. As a result, they cause a higher hardness and / or wear resistance of the matrix.
• Incoherent dispersoids (2) have a completely different crystal lattice than the metallic matrix of the functional layer and impede dislocation motions in the matrix. As a result, they contribute to increased hardness and / or wear resistance.
• the particles according to the invention in the finished component represent an effective obstacle to microabrasion of the material of the functional layer.
• Dispersion-hardening particles in the sense of the invention are preferably dimensioned so small in terms of their mean grain size and / or distributed so finely and homogeneously in the functional layer that they taken by itself 0.01 to 8 weight percent, most preferably account for about 3 percent by weight of all remaining materials of the functional layer.
• spray powder is basically understood to be the starting material from which the finished functional layer is to be produced.
• the spray powder according to the invention is a powder for thermal coating.
• Such a spray powder is a solid material at room temperature and in particular a granular or lumpy mixture, which is present in a pourable form.
• thermal coating in the context of the present invention provides that for the production of the corresponding coating or functional layer, a material as an injection additive, for example as a powder, wire or otherwise suitable form by means of entry of thermal energy or completely melted and on the is kinetic accelerated to be coated body.
• the impinging material cools, solidifies and forms a mechanical, such as positive connection, with the body.
• the production of such a coating can, for example, be effected by means of laser cladding, thermal spraying, PTA (Plasma Transferred Are) spraying or any other adequate heat source.
• thermal coating in particular in the form of thermal spraying is meant by spray powder of the spray additive, so that starting material, the inside or outside of a spray burner off, on or melted and accelerated, for example in a gas stream in the form of spray particles to the surface of the underlying substrate (eg Body or intermediate layer) to be thrown. Powder is therefore that starting material which is applied to the substrate to be coated for the purpose of producing the corresponding functional layer.
• An intermetallic phase means an intermetallic compound, that homogeneous chemical compound of two or more metals, which, unlike alloys, has lattice structures different from those of the constituent metals. In their lattice, there is a mixed bond of a metallic bond fraction and lower atomic bonding or ion-binding components, which results in superstructures.
• a mixed phase is understood to be a homogeneous phase which consists of two or more solid substances or elements and is therefore termed solid solutions or mixed crystals.
• solid solutions or mixed crystals An example of this are several, different metal ions, which are connected to an oxide.
• MAX phases occur in 21 1, 312 or 413 phases: 21 1-phase 312-phase 413-phase
• phase of the Ti 2 SC or Ti 2 AIC fulfills these requirements particularly well.
• MAX phases decay, it always means a conversion process.
• the present invention also relates to an aforementioned machine in which the component according to the invention, in particular roller or doctor blade is installed. Furthermore, the present machine also relates to a device for coating, which is set up so that it can perform the coating process according to the invention.
• the (total) layer thickness of the coating or functional layer can be 50 to 750 m.
• the functional layer can have a total layer thickness of 200 to 450 m. If the functional layer in layers of a plurality of individual layers is built up, then each single layer can have a layer thickness of 8 to 20 ⁇ .
• the hardness of the coating or functional layer may be more than 300 HV. If in the context of the invention of HV (hardness Vickers) is mentioned, it is meant that the standard DIN EN ISO 6507 was used to determine this hardness value and the following test conditions of the measurement were based: unilateral diamond pyramid with an opening angle of 136 ° as indenting , specified test load of 2.942 N (hardness symbol 0.3), with which the indenter is pressed into the workpiece, test temperature between 10 ° C and 35 ° C, preferably 23 ° C (+/- 5 ° C).
• the coating or functional layer or the component can finally also be ground after its / its manufacture.
• the roughness can then have a Ra value of 0.2 or less, preferably 0, 1, particularly preferably 0.08.
• a spray powder for use in the production of a functional layer preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web
• a spray powder for use in the production of a functional layer preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web
• a spray powder for use in the production of a functional layer preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web
• a spray powder for use in the production of a functional layer preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web
• the dispersion-hardening particles are selected such that they set a dispersion hardening in the finished functional layer.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are produced from metal oxide particles
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are prepared from MAX phase particles.
• the MAX phase particles are 21 1-phase, 312-phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the average particle size of the dispersion-hardening particles is in the range of 10 nm to 1 m, and preferably between 50 nm and 500 nm.
• a coating preferably for use for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, may be provided
• • comprises at least one metallic functional layer and dispersion-hardening particles.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are produced from metal oxide particles.
• dispersion-hardening particles in the finished functional layer are intermetallic, oxidic phases or their mixed phases.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are made from MAX phase particles.
• Phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof Phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the mean grain size of the dispersion-hardening particles in the binder phase is in the range of 10 nm to 1 m, and preferably between 50 nm and 500 nm.
• At least one metallic functional layer with 29% by weight chromium (Cr), 1, 5
• a spray powder may be provided for use in the production of a functional layer, preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, the binder phase comprises dispersion-hardening particles.
• a mixture of hard-phase particles, binder-phase particles and dispersion-hardening particles is to form a binder phase and a hard phase in the finished functional layer, wherein the dispersion-hardening particles are selected such that they cause dispersion hardening of the binder phase in the finished functional layer.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are produced from metal oxide particles.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are made from MAX phase particles.
• MAX phase particles are 21 1-phase, 312-phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the hard phase particles include or are made of carbides, nitrides or borides of the 4th, 5th or 6th main group of the Periodic Table, and mixtures thereof such as tungsten carbide (WC), and the binder phase particles are a metal or a metallic alloy and mixtures thereof, such as cobalt (Co) or nickel-chromium (NiCr), or made therefrom.
• WC tungsten carbide
• the binder phase particles are a metal or a metallic alloy and mixtures thereof, such as cobalt (Co) or nickel-chromium (NiCr), or made therefrom.
• tungsten carbide (WC) as hard phase particles
• 14% by weight cobalt (Co) and 1.9% by weight chromium (Cr) as binder phase particles and 0.1% by weight aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) as dispersion hardening agent Particles comprises. • 86 wt .-% tungsten carbide (WC) as hard phase particles, 14 wt .-% cobalt (Co) as a binder phase particles and 0.2 wt .-% Ti 2
• AIC dispersion-hardening particles comprises.
• the average particle size of the dispersion-hardening particles is in the range of 10 nm to 1 m, and preferably between 50 nm and 500 nm.
• a coating for use for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web can be provided
• the functional layer comprises 70 to 90% by weight of the hard phase forming hard phase particles, 10 to 30% by weight of the binder phase forming binder phase particles and 0.05 to 3% by weight of dispersion hardening particles.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are produced from metal oxide particles.
• the dispersion-hardening particles in the binder phase of the finished functional layer are intermetallic, oxidic phases or their mixed phases.
• dispersion-hardening particles comprise or are made from MAX phase particles.
• MAX phase particles are 21 1-phase, 312-phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the hard-phase particles are carbides, nitrides or borides of the 4th, 5th or 6th main group of the periodic table or oxide ceramics and mixtures thereof - such as tungsten carbide (WC) - or comprising, and the binder phase particles comprise or are made of a metal or metallic alloy and mixtures thereof, such as cobalt (Co) or nickel-chromium (NiCr).
• the mean grain size of the dispersion-hardening particles in the binder phase is in the range of 10 nm to 1 m, and preferably between 50 nm and 500 nm.
• the coating comprising at least one functional layer of a hard phase and a binder phase and the binder phase having dispersion-hardening particles, wherein the hard phase comprises 84% by weight tungsten carbide (WC) and the binder phase 15.9 wt .-% cobalt-chromium (CoCr) and 0, 1 wt .-% alumina (Al 2 0 3 ) comprises.
• the hard phase comprises 84% by weight tungsten carbide (WC) and the binder phase 15.9 wt .-% cobalt-chromium (CoCr) and 0, 1 wt .-% alumina (Al 2 0 3 ) comprises.
• the coating comprising at least one functional layer of a hard phase and a binder phase and the binder phase having dispersion-hardening particles, wherein the hard phase comprises 84% by weight tungsten carbide (WC) and the binder phase comprises 15.8% by weight of cobalt (Co) and an oxide phase of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) and a cobalt-titanium intermetallic phase (CoTi).
• the hard phase comprises 84% by weight tungsten carbide (WC) and the binder phase comprises 15.8% by weight of cobalt (Co) and an oxide phase of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) and a cobalt-titanium intermetallic phase (CoTi).
• a spray powder for use in the production of a functional layer preferably for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, may be provided
• MAX phase particles are 21 1-phase, 312-phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the 21 1 phases comprise: Ti 2 CdC, Sc 2 InC, Ti 2 AIC, Ti 2 GaC, Ti 2 InC, Ti 2 TIC, V 2 AIC, V 2 GaC, Cr 2 GaC, Ti 2 AIN, Ti 2 GaN, Ti 2 InN, V 2 GaN, Cr 2 GaN, Ti 2 GeC, Ti 2 SnC, Ti 2 PbC, V 2 GeC, Cr 2 AIC, Cr 2 GeC, V 2 PC, V 2 AsC, Ti 2 SC, Zr 2 InC, Zr 2 TIC, Nb 2 AIC, Nb 2 GaC, Nb 2 InC, Mo 2 GaC, Zr 2 lnN, Zr 2 TIN, Zr 2 SnC, Zr 2 PbC, Nb 2 SnC, Nb 2 PC, Nb 2 AsC, Zr 2 SC, Nb 2 SC, Hf 2 lnC, Hf 2 TIC, Ta 2 AIC, Ta 2 GaC, Hf 2 SnC, Hf 2 PbC, V 2 Ga
• a coating preferably for use for a component of a machine for producing and / or treating a fibrous web, may be provided
• • comprises at least one functional layer, wherein the at least one functional layer comprises or is produced from MAX phase particles.
• MAX phase particles are 21 1-phase, 312-phase or 413-phase particles or combinations thereof.
• the 21 1 phases comprise: Ti 2 CdC, Sc 2 InC, Ti 2 AIC, Ti 2 GaC, Ti 2 InC, Ti 2 TIC, V 2 AIC, V 2 GaC, Cr 2 GaC, Ti 2 AIN, Ti 2 GaN, Ti 2 InN, V 2 GaN, Cr 2 GaN, Ti 2 GeC, Ti 2 SnC, Ti 2 PbC, V 2 GeC, Cr 2 AIC, Cr 2 GeC, V 2 PC, V 2 AsC , Ti 2 SC, Zr 2 InC, Zr 2 TIC, Nb 2 AIC, Nb 2 GaC, Nb 2 InC, Mo 2 GaC, Zr 2 lnN, Zr 2 TIN, Zr 2 SnC, Zr 2 PbC, Nb 2 SnC, Nb 2 PC, Nb 2 AsC, Zr 2 SC, Nb 2 SC, Hf 2 lnC, Hf 2 TIC, Ta 2 AIC, Ta 2 GaC, Hf 2 SnC, Hf 2 PbC, V 2
• FIG. 1 is a highly schematic representation of two inventively coated rolls
• FIG. 2 shows a highly schematic representation of the application of a coating according to the invention
• FIG. 3a, 3b each show an embodiment in a highly schematic partially sectioned view through a component according to the invention coated according to a first alternative of the invention
• Fig. 4a is a partially cross-sectional view, taken perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component of Figs. 3a and 3b according to a first alternative of the invention.
• Fig. 4b is a partially illustrated cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component of Figs. 3a and 3b according to a second alternative of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically two produced according to the invention, successive rolling components in the form of rolls 1 for the production and / or further processing of a fibrous web, such as a paper, board or tissue web, as indicated between these two.
• Rollers 1 can be part of the machine mentioned at the outset (paper, board or tissue machine) and designed, for example, as calender rolls. In principle, in such a machine, it is not always necessary to roll both rollers 1 shown one on top of the other.
• the rollers 1 can also be used in various positions in which they come into contact directly or indirectly with a fibrous web 10.
• the rollers 1 comprise a basic body 2 (see FIG. 3 a) and according to the invention are provided with a coating 5, which may consist of at least one functional layer 4, as will be explained below.
• Fig. 2 shows a highly schematic of the order of a coating according to the invention.
• the roll 1 to be coated is used to produce the coating 5 comprising the at least one functional layer 4 (see FIG. 3 a) by means of a thermal coating device 6 for thermal coating.
• Roller 1 is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis and is suitably driven, so that it rotates away under a preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis along the roller 1 relative to this back and forth displaceable applicator 7.
• the entire surface of the roller 1 can be coated successively, for example in a continuous spiral line.
• the thermal coating device 6 for producing the roller according to the invention comprises an applicator 7, an optionally switchable material supply 8, an energy source 9 into which a powder, such as spray powder, in the form of a batch is normally introduced, and a protective gas supply, not shown, for feeding of inert gas to the roll 1.
• the coating device 6 can be designed such that it can perform both thermal spraying and laser cladding.
• the term laser cladding or a method immediately following this means a coating method, by means of which it is possible to coat the surface to be coated - ie the substrate, such as the main body 2 of Fig. 3a, 3b - even or completely melt.
• a high heat input is in the known thermal spraying methods, such as the flame, high-speed flame, arc, or Plasma spraying, which leads to the melting or melting of the substrate, not possible.
• a melting or melting in Lasercladding can be done for example by supplying thermal energy to the substrate to be coated and can be preferably realized by radiation, such as laser radiation.
• the material of the adhesive or functional layer is generally introduced into laser beam path in the beam path of the laser, melted and applied to the substrate.
• the laser beam melts the surface of the substrate with respect to the radial thickness at least partially on or completely over its thickness in the radial direction, as far as such a complete melting makes sense.
• inert gas is presently indicated by the cone, which adjoins the power source 9.
• the protective gas can serve to entrain and / or accelerate the material, such as spray additive material, which is introduced into the beam path of the energy source 9 for melting.
• spray additive material such as spray additive material
• off, on or molten spray powder to the roller to be coated 1 here for example the bare (ie initially uncoated) base body 2 in the form of a cylindrical roller core (see Figure 3a) of the roller 1 is thrown , If the surface of the underlying substrate is also melted, as is the case with laser cladding, then the melted material of the spray powder supplied to the substrate also enters the substrate melt. Otherwise, only a clashing of the impinging at least partially melted spray powder takes place on the surface of the roll 1 to be coated, as is the case in principle with conventional thermal spraying.
• energy source 9 are therefore basically inductive and plasma-generating devices, devices that emit electron beams or lasers of various types such as CO2 laser, HDPL (High Power Diode Laser) or DDL (Direct Diode Laser) or combinations possible.
• the thermal coating device 6 can be designed so that both thermal spraying with and without at least partial melting of the underlying Substrate, is possible. This can be achieved, for example, by means of the energy source 9, the thermal energy is adjusted accordingly.
• FIGS. 3a and 3b each show, in a highly schematic view, a partially sectioned illustration of a component according to the invention with a coating 5 along the respective longitudinal axis.
• the representation is therefore not to scale, in particular as regards the thickness of the functional layer with respect to the base body 2.
• a roller 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be seen. It can be seen that this has a main body 2 in the form of a roll core.
• the roll core may be a cylinder or hollow cylinder made of steel or other suitable material.
• a coating 5 with a single functional layer 4 is applied to the base body 2. It forms the radially outermost surface of the roll 1 which, when used properly in the machine, contacts the fibrous web at least indirectly (e.g., indirectly through a felt or directly).
• FIG. 3b shows by way of example a scraper blade.
• the latter comprises a base body 2.
• an edge 1 1 (so-called Wate) formed approximately in the manner of a chamfer.
• a surface 12 connects.
• Edge 1 1 and surface 12 form the top of the doctor blade. This can form those, when used properly, the roller or the fibrous web side facing.
• the surface 12 of the opposite surface of the base body 2 of the doctor blade is referred to as the back 13 (not shown).
• FIG. 4a shows, in a highly schematic sectional view, a partial cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis through the finished coating 5 of the roller 1 from FIG. 3a or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the doctor blade shown in FIG. 3b.
• the figure shows an embodiment according to a first alternative of the invention (functional layer with dispersion-hardening particles). To simplify the illustration, the roll curvature has been disregarded. It should also be noted that the thickness of the coating 5 or of the individual functional layer 4 and of the particles shown therein is not shown to scale.
• the functional layer 4 is applied directly to the main body 2 - in the case of the roll on the roll core.
• the latter is made of a base alloy 4.1. It can be an iron or nickel based alloy.
• the points shown in the base alloy 4.1 are finely distributed dispersion-hardening particles 4.1.1.
• FIG. 4b shows, in a highly schematic sectional view, a partial cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis through the finished coating 5 of the roller 1 from FIG. 3a or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the doctor blade shown in FIG. 3b.
• the FIGURE shows an embodiment according to a second alternative of the invention (functional layer with hard phase and binder phase, wherein the binder phase has dispersion-hardening particles). To simplify the illustration, the roll curvature has been disregarded. It should also be noted that the thickness of the coating 5 or of the individual functional layer 4 and of the particles shown therein is not shown to scale. In the present example, the functional layer 4 is applied directly to the main body 2 - in the case of the roll on the roll core.
• the latter includes a binder phase 4.1 (shown in dots) and a hard phase 4.2.
• the binder phase 4.1 In the binder phase 4.1, the hard phase 4.2 is embedded, so that the binder phase 4.1 surrounds the hard phase 4.2.
• the binder phase 4.1 thus serves as a matrix for the hard phase 4.2, which comprises or consists of hard material particles 4.2.1.
• the illustrated points in the binder phase 4.1 are the finely divided dispersion-hardening particles 4.1 .1.
• dispersion-hardening particles according to the invention 4.1 .1 arise during the coating process or are in the form as they appear in the finished coating 5, already in the powder for the production the coating 5 is used before the coating process has been included. If, for example, dispersion-hardening particles 4.1 .1 metal oxide particles such as aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) are used in the powder, these particles are contained virtually unchanged in the finished functional layer 4 and lead to the dispersion hardening of the finished functional layer 4 shown.
• metal oxide particles such as aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3)
• dispersion-hardening particles 4.1.1 MAX phase particles such as (eg Ti 2 AIC) used in the powder these particles can completely or partially disintegrate and form the dispersion hardening of the finished functional layer 4 of the coating 5 during the coating process by forming an oxide such as aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and an intermetallic Phase like cobalt-titanium (CoTi). If MAX phase particles persist during the coating process, these also reduce wear. This is due to the incoherent grid structure, as described above.
• the functional layer 4 is reinforced, which results in an enormous increased abrasion resistance of the functional layer 4. This increases the Wear resistance of the thus coated component, which grinding intervals can be increased.
• the functional layer of the component as e.g. shown in Figures 1, 2, 3a or 3b is at least partially or completely made of MAX phase particles.

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