EP3309609B1 - Dispositif d'affichage capable de commuter entre un état d'affichage et un état de surface miroir - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage capable de commuter entre un état d'affichage et un état de surface miroir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3309609B1
EP3309609B1 EP16899205.5A EP16899205A EP3309609B1 EP 3309609 B1 EP3309609 B1 EP 3309609B1 EP 16899205 A EP16899205 A EP 16899205A EP 3309609 B1 EP3309609 B1 EP 3309609B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
field
display
state
controlling layer
layer
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EP16899205.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3309609A4 (fr
EP3309609A1 (fr
Inventor
Zhipeng FENG
Dan Su
Zongze HE
Shuo Li
Jianguang YANG
Liang Zhang
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/04—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted inside vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1506—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1253—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with cameras, video cameras or video screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F2001/164—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect the electrolyte is made of polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/62—Switchable arrangements whereby the element being usually not switchable

Definitions

  • the disclosure generally relates to the field of display apparatus, in particular, to a display apparatus switchable between a display state and a mirror state.
  • a display apparatus switchable between a display state and a mirror state is needed. In other words, it is needed that an image-displaying surface of a display apparatus can, in some cases, turn to a mirror having reflecting function.
  • a typical one in these cases is an interior rearview mirror in a vehicle.
  • a conventional interior rearview mirror is made of a mirror, by which the driver observes the environment behind the vehicle.
  • passengers, luggage or the like hinder the rear windscreen so that the driver cannot observe the environment behind the vehicle via the interior rearview mirror. This results in inconvenience or even safe problems. Therefore, more and more attention is given to replacement of traditional interior rearview mirrors by display-type interior rearview mirrors.
  • a display-type interior rearview mirror Generally, observing the environment behind the vehicle by a display-type interior rearview mirror comes into practice by a camera installed at rear of the vehicle.
  • the camera can be installed outside the rear windscreen, so that the field of the vision of the camera will not be blocked.
  • a traditional interior rearview mirror is still needed. For instance, when the driver wishes to observe the situation on the back seats via the interior rearview mirror, an interior rearview camera installed outside the vehicle is insufficient to provide this function.
  • a display apparatus switchable freely between a mirror state (mirror mode) and a display state is needed.
  • the mirror mode should have low power consumption.
  • a technique using translucent reflective mirror or a technique adding a polarized light-selecting unit and a polarization axis-changeable unit is typically used. These two techniques can hardly achieve bright image and bright mirror, and the power consumption at the mirror state is relatively high.
  • electrochromic smart windows which can change the color thereof according to the user's requirement and thus further adjust the sunlight irradiation level smartly, in order to decrease the energy consumption for controlling temperature indoors.
  • the patent application CN104614913A discloses a flexible stickable electrochromic device switchable between a mirror state and a transparent state. That device is applied in portholes of an airplane, glass for daylighting, walls of a building, etc.
  • US 2012/281268 A1 discloses an interior rearview mirror system for a vehicle including an interior rearview mirror assembly including an electrochromic reflective element.
  • US 2016/054632 A1 discloses an electrodeposition element which includes a first substrate including a first member and an electrode arranged above the first member, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and including an electrode, and an electrolyte layer arranged between the electrodes of the first substrate and the second substrate, and including an electrodeposition material that contains silver.
  • a voltage is applied between the electrodes of the first substrate and the second substrate such that the first substrate side is negative and the second substrate side is positive, a reflective surface made of a silver thin film and reflecting light, which is incident from a direction normal to the first and second substrates, in a direction not parallel to the incident direction of the light is formed above the electrode of the first substrate.
  • US2015/146276 A1 discloses a switchable infrared ray-visible ray reflection electrochemical mirror having high electrochemical stability and bistability, in which a stripping phenomenon of a metal thin film can be prevented and bistability can be improved through a process of increasing electrochemical stability of a reflective film from an electrode composition and an ionic liquid electrolyte composition having various compositions.
  • the proposed electrochemical mirror apparatus since the metal thin film formed by electric reduction is not stripped from a transparent electrode through a surface treatment process, a more stable apparatus can be provided, and even though a voltage is not applied to the metal thin film, the thin film is prevented from being oxidized by using an optimized ionic liquid electrolyte, thus providing the effective electrochemical mirror apparatus where the metal thin film is continuously maintained.
  • a display apparatus comprises a display; and a field-induced visibility-controlling layer provided on light-outgoing side of the display, wherein the field-induced visibility-controlling layer can be switched between a transparent state and a mirror state by adjusting voltage applied, such that when the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the transparent state, the display is visible through the field-induced visibility-controlling layer; and when the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the mirror state, the display is shielded by the mirror formed of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • a display apparatus By means of combining a display and a field-induced visibility-controlling layer which can be electrically switched between a transparent state and a mirror state, a display apparatus switchable freely between a function of displaying an image and a function of mirror is provided.
  • the rapid switch between two states of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer can be achieved by applying an electrical field to a transparent composition to form a mirror layer, and applying a reversed electrical field to the mirror layer to form the transparent composition.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer comprises two transparent conductive layers and an electrolyte layer sandwiched therebetween; in an embodiment, a transparent insulating layer is provided between the display and the field-induced visibility-controlling layer; wherein different voltages are applied through the two transparent conductive layers to the electrolyte layer, such that the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is switched between a transparent state and a mirror state.
  • the display may be formed by a liquid crystal display panel and a back lighting module.
  • the display may also be other displays applicable for the structure of the present disclosure.
  • the transparent insulating layer has a thickness of 100-300 ⁇ m. More preferably, the transparent insulating layer has a thickness of about 200 ⁇ m. Such a thickness not only ensures that there is no interference between the field-induced visibility-controlling layer and the display, but also does not weaken displaying brightness and performance apparently.
  • the transparent insulating layer is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
  • the electrolyte layer is a sol formed by dissolving a silver ion-containing inorganic salt, a brominating agent and a catalyst in an organic solvent.
  • the silver ion-containing inorganic salt is AgNO 3
  • the brominating agent is tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBABr), sodium bromide, potassium bromide or dimethylbromosulfonium bromide, preferably TBABr
  • the catalyst is CuCl 2
  • the organic solvent is DSMO.
  • the concentration ranges thereof are as follows. AgNO 3 concentration is 40-60 mM, TBABr concentration is 200-300 mM, and CuCl 2 concentration is 8-12 mM. More preferably, AgNO 3 concentration is about 50 mM, TBABr concentration is about 250 mM, and CuCl 2 concentration is about 10 mM.
  • the thicknesses of the layers are as follows.
  • the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 80-120 nm, the thickness of the electrolyte layer is 400-600 ⁇ m. And more preferably, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is about 100 nm, the thickness of the electrolyte layer is about 500 ⁇ m.
  • Such configuration of layer thicknesses achieves good performance either in the transparent state or in the mirror state.
  • the voltage for switching from the transparent state to the mirror state is 1 V to 4 V and the switch time is 2 s or less; and the voltage for switching from the mirror state to the transparent state is -1 V to -4 V and the switch time is 2 s or less.
  • the switch time herein represents the response time required from the beginning of applying voltage to the accomplishment of the switch between the transparent state and the mirror state. Such a combination of the voltage and the switch rate can meet the requirements for rapid switching and for low energy consumption at the same time.
  • the display apparatus has a control means allowing the on/off state of the display correspondingly matching the transparent/mirror state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • control means allowing the on/off state of the display correspondingly matching the transparent/mirror state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer includes: a control device automatically turning off or turning on the display according to the mirror state or the transparent state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer; or, a control device automatically applying an appropriate voltage to change the field-induced visibility-controlling layer into the mirror state or the transparent state when the display is turned off or turned on; or, a circuit, which can manually switch the states of the display and the field-induced visibility-controlling layer at the same time by same switch in a one-touch manner.
  • control means comprises a control module for field-induced visibility-controlling layer and a sensing module, and the control module and a circuit driver of a liquid crystal display module are connected by the sensing module.
  • the display apparatus is an interior rearview mirror, which displays an image coming from a camera shooting the environment behind the vehicle or displays a mirror.
  • the mirror is not parallel to the light-outgoing surface of the display, such that when the interior rearview mirror is installed in a vehicle, the light-outgoing surface of the display substantially right against a driver, and the mirror is positioned to enable the driver to observe an environment behind the vehicle via the mirror.
  • the disclosure provides a display apparatus, which comprises a display and a field-induced visibility-controlling layer provided on light-outgoing side of the display, wherein the field-induced visibility-controlling layer can be switched between a transparent state and a mirror state by adjusting the applied voltage.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer When the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the transparent state, the observer can watch the image displayed by the display through the transparent field-induced visibility-controlling layer, and the brightness of the image seen is substantially not influenced by the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the mirror state, it forms a bright mirror between the observer and the display, such that the display apparatus serves as a reflective mirror. At this time, the display is invisible for the observer.
  • the display is a liquid crystal display.
  • the display comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a back lighting module 9, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate 6, a second substrate 8 provided oppositely thereto, and a liquid crystal layer 7 sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and wherein a field-induced visibility-controlling layer is provided on the first substrate (upper substrate) 6, i.e. on the light-outgoing side of the display.
  • the relative size relationship and relative position relationship for respective layers in the drawings are only schematic, not for purpose of limitation.
  • the relative position of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer with respect to the light-outgoing surface of the display is not limited, as long as the field-induced visibility-controlling layer, when it is in the mirror state, can shield the display.
  • the position of the layer should be adjusted, such that it enables the driver to observe the environment behind the vehicle clearly when it is in the mirror state. At this time, the mirror of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer will not be right against the driver.
  • the light-outgoing surface of the display behind the field-induced visibility-controlling layer should be substantially right against the driver, so as to provide an optimal display effect to the driver, in particular, for those display types having a limited angle of view for observation.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is preferably not completely parallel to the light-outgoing surface of the display, as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • substantially right against a driver herein, it means that the driver can watch the display normally. As often occurred in driving practice, the driver may adjust the angle of the mirror slightly, in order to observe better the environment behind the vehicle.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer may also be parallel to the light-outgoing surface of the display, in particular in other uses. Those skilled in the art can adjust the specific relative position of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer with respect to the display, according to requirements. Additionally, of course, the relative size of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer with respect to the display may also be adjusted specifically, according to the practical requirements for the mirror state and the display state (the transparent state).
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer can be fixed to the display by known mechanical connection. The fixing manner is not limited, as long as it does not adversely influence the effect of the present disclosure.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer comprises three main parts, i.e. an upper transparent conductive layer 2 and a lower transparent conductive layer 4, and an electrolyte layer 3 sandwiched between the upper transparent conductive layer 2 and the lower transparent conductive layer 4.
  • a transparent insulating layer 5 may be further provided between the liquid crystal display panel and the transparent conductive layer 4.
  • the transparent conductive layer 2 may be covered by a glass substrate 1 thereon.
  • the transparent conductive layers 2 and 4 as well as the transparent insulating layer 5 may be formed by physical vapor deposition, such as magnetron sputtering, or by low temperature deposition in CVD manner.
  • the side of the transparent conductive layer 4 against the electrolyte is smooth and intact, so as to facilitate the formation of good mirror thereon.
  • the material of the electrolyte layer 3 may be a sol formed by mixing and dissolving a silver ion-containing inorganic salt (e.g. AgNO 3 ), a brominating agent (e.g. TBABr) and a catalyst (e.g. CuCl 2 ) in an organic solvent (e.g. DMSO, etc.) homogeneously.
  • a sealant e.g. AgNO 3
  • a brominating agent e.g. TBABr
  • a catalyst e.g. CuCl 2
  • an additive in an appropriate amount may be incorporated, as long as it does not adversely influence the function of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer of the present disclosure.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • an additive in an appropriate amount may be incorporated, as long as it does not adversely influence the function of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer of the present disclosure.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the display may be an ordinary display.
  • a flat panel display is preferred.
  • a preferable example of the display is a liquid crystal display panel having a back lighting module 9.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer switches the displaying states by using an electrical field.
  • a transparent insulating layer 5 may be provided between the field-induced visibility-controlling layer and the display.
  • the transparent insulating layer 5 separates the transparent conductive layer 4 of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer from the surface of the display, so that the current on the transparent conductive layer 4 is not influenced by the surface of the display, and does not influence the surface of the display.
  • a conventional component such as a glass insulating cover plate
  • the surface of the display may be further omitted, so that the size may be reduced, the manufacture may be simplified, and the costs may be saved.
  • the material of the transparent insulating layer 5 may be an organic transparent insulating material, in particular, preferably PMMA.
  • the thickness range is 100-300 ⁇ m, more preferably about 200 ⁇ m.
  • PMMA has very excellent transmittance for light, has almost no influence on the transmission of the light of the display. Further, it also has relatively low cost, good insulating ability, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and workability, and is very suitable for being used as the material for the transparent insulating layer of the present disclosure.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer consists of two transparent conductive layers 2 and 4 and an electrolyte layer 3 sandwiched therebetween.
  • the transparent conductive layer 2 or 4 serves as the wall of the container containing the electrolyte, and meanwhile it is connected to a voltage source and serves as an electrode plate.
  • the transparent conductive layer 4 may also serves as a substrate for forming the mirror layer.
  • the transparent conductive layer 2 or 4 may be made of ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), AZO (aluminum zinc oxide), silver nanowires, etc. Among them, ITO is preferred.
  • the chemical composition of the electrolyte layer 3 provides the function of switching the state.
  • silver nitrate may be used as the silver ion-containing inorganic salt.
  • Addition to tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide and dimethylbromosulfonium bromide may also be used as the brominating agent.
  • Copper chloride may be used as the catalyst.
  • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) may be used as the organic solvent.
  • the composition of the electrolyte layer 3 is as follows.
  • AgNO 3 has a concentration of 40-60 mM
  • TBABr has a concentration of 200-300 mM
  • CuCl 2 has a concentration of 8-12 mM.
  • a preferable method for formulating the electrolyte is dissolving 2.5 mmol TBABr, 0.1 mmol CuCl 2 and 0.5 mmol AgNO 3 in 10 mL DMSO.
  • PVB may also be added to the above-mentioned mixture. This formulation meets the following requirements at the same time: relatively low voltage, sufficient transparency in the transparent state, sufficient reflecting ability in the mirror state, sufficiently short switch time, etc.
  • the periphery of the electrolyte layer 3 and the gap between the transparent conductive layers 2 and 4 are sealed by a sealant.
  • the sealant may be a resin, or the like.
  • preferred thicknesses of the respective layers are as follows.
  • the transparent conductive layer 2 or 4 has a thickness of 80-120 nm, more preferably about 100 nm, and the electrolyte layer 3 has a thickness of 400-600 ⁇ m, more preferably about 500 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent conductive layer 4 (or transparent conductive layer A) is electrical grounded, and when a positive voltage is applied to the transparent conductive layer 2 (or transparent conductive layer B), the silver ion-containing inorganic salt in the sol electrolyte layer is subjected to the reduction reactions as shown in formulae (1) and (2), under the action of the electrical field: Ag + + nBr ⁇ ⁇ AgBr n 1 ⁇ n AgBr n 1 ⁇ n + e ⁇ ⁇ Ag + nBr ⁇
  • the external power provides the electron (e - ), and the brominating agent provides Br - , and the Ag + therein is reduced to metal Ag nanoparticles, which are deposited on the flat inner side of the transparent conductive layer 4 and form a smooth mirror 10, which has high reflectivity against light, as shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the light of the liquid crystal display cannot pass the field-induced visibility-controlling layer. Now the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the mirror state.
  • the electrical field is reversed.
  • Metal Ag is subjected to oxidation reaction, and loses electrons (e - ).
  • the metal Ag layer formed by electrodeposition is decomposed and forms Ag + dispersed into the sol electrolyte.
  • the field-induced visibility-controlling layer turns back to the transparent state, which has high transmittance and allows light to pass, as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is controlled by voltage. In the case that no voltage is applied, the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the stable transparent state. In order to keep the field-induced visibility-controlling layer in a mirror state, a sustained positive voltage is needed to be applied. When the positive voltage is removed, the field-induced visibility-controlling layer will gradually turn back to the transparent state from the mirror state. In order to switch the mirror state to the transparent state more rapidly, a negative voltage can be applied appropriately, so that the field-induced visibility-controlling layer becomes transparent more rapidly.
  • the voltage during the time period of switching the states (for example, switching from the transparent state to the mirror state) and the voltage during the time period of keeping the state (for example, keeping in the mirror state) may be different.
  • a relatively high voltage is applied, so that the deposited silver layer continuously becomes thicker.
  • a relatively lower voltage may be applied instead, to keep the deposition balance of silver, thereby saving energy.
  • the applied voltage should not be too high, and meanwhile, for applicability purpose, it should be ensured that it takes relatively short time for the switch between the states of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • the voltage during the switch from the transparent state to the mirror state is 1-4 V, and the switch time is 2 s or less; and the voltage during the switch from the mirror state to the transparent state is -1 - -4 V, and the switch time is 2 s or less. More preferably, the absolute value of the switch voltage is less than 2V. Then, the energy required during the switch is relatively low, the current required for keeping the transparent state or the mirror state is relatively small, and the power consumption is relatively low.
  • the display apparatus has a control means allowing the on/off state of the display correspondingly match the transparent/mirror state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • This purpose may be achieved by various manual or automatic control devices, for example, a control device automatically turning off or turning on the display according to the mirror state or the transparent state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer; or a control device automatically applying an appropriate voltage to change the field-induced visibility-controlling layer into the mirror state or the transparent state when the display is turned off or turned on; or a circuit, which is designed to manually switch the states of the display and the field-induced visibility-controlling layer at the same time by same switch in a one-touch manner.
  • a control device automatically turning off or turning on the display according to the mirror state or the transparent state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer
  • a control device automatically applying an appropriate voltage to change the field-induced visibility-controlling layer into the mirror state or the transparent state when the display is turned off or turned on
  • a circuit which is designed to manually switch the states of the display and the field-induced visibility-controlling layer at the same time by same switch in a one-touch manner.
  • the liquid crystal display panel and the backlighting module may be shut down, and only the field-induced visibility-controlling part is turned on. This can save energy.
  • the state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer can be automatically adjusted by controlling the voltage, by means of a combination of a sensor, a data processor and the like.
  • a specific exemplary embodiment is as follows.
  • a control module for field-induced visibility-controlling layer is set, which module may control the field-induced visibility-controlling layer according to an input signal.
  • the control module for field-induced visibility-controlling layer and a circuit driver of a liquid crystal display module is connected by a sensing module, which can sense the working voltage of the liquid crystal display module, and input it as the input signal to the control module for field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • the working voltage VDD of the liquid crystal display module is a normal working voltage (2.3V-6V)
  • the input to the control module produces a corresponding signal 0; and when the liquid crystal display module stop working, i.e. when VDD is 0, the input to the control module produces a corresponding signal 1.
  • the control module for field-induced visibility-controlling layer sends the turn-on signal 1 and the turn-off signal 0 (corresponding to turning on the mirror state and returning to the transparent state respectively) to the power-controlling part of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer.
  • the mirror state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is automatically turned on by the sensing apparatus; and when the liquid crystal display module is turned on, the transparent state of the field-induced visibility-controlling layer automatically comes back by the sensing apparatus.
  • the display apparatus of the disclosure is an interior rearview mirror in a vehicle.
  • the display in the display apparatus displays image coming from the camera, which is installed at rear of the vehicle, for example, outside the rear windscreen.
  • the camera and the circuit associated with the display are shut off meanwhile, to save electric energy.
  • a display apparatus was produced by steps of:
  • a display apparatus switchable freely between a display state and the mirror state was formed by the above-mentioned steps.
  • the display apparatus produced in Example 1 was used. When no voltage was applied, the field-induced visibility-controlling layer is in the stable transparent state.
  • the transparent conductive layer 4 (or transparent conductive layer A) was grounded, and a positive voltage of 1-3 V was applied to the transparent conductive layer 2 (or electrode B), and after a time of less than 2 s, the field-induced visibility-controlling layer was in the mirror state, as shown in Fig. 2 . At that time, the display apparatus was a mirror for an observer, and the display behind the field-induced visibility-controlling layer could not be observed.

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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil d'affichage, comprenant :
    un afficheur ; et
    une couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ prévue sur le côté sortie de lumière de l'afficheur,
    la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ comprenant deux couches conductrices transparentes (2, 4) et une couche d'électrolyte (3) prise en sandwich entre elles, la couche d'électrolyte (3) étant une solution obtenue en dissolvant un sel d'argent inorganique contenant des ions, un agent de bromuration et un catalyseur dans un solvant organique,
    la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ étant commutable entre un état transparent et un état de surface miroir en appliquant différentes tensions à la couche d'électrolyte (3) à travers les deux couches conductrices transparentes (2, 4) de sorte que, lorsque la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ est dans l'état transparent, l'affichage est visible à travers la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ ; et que, lorsque la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ est dans l'état de surface miroir, l'affichage est abrité par le miroir formé de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ ; et
    l'appareil d'affichage comprenant en outre un moyen de commande conçu pour permettre à l'état de marche de l'afficheur de correspondre avec l'état transparent de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ et à l'état d'arrêt de l'affichage de correspondre avec l'état de surface miroir de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ.
  2. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'appareil d'affichage comprend en outre une couche isolante transparente (5) prévue entre l'afficheur et la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ.
  3. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la couche isolante transparente (5) a une épaisseur de 100 à 300 µm.
  4. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel la couche isolante transparente (5) est composée de polyméthyle méthylmétacrylate.
  5. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le sel inorganique contenant des ions est de l'AgNO3, l'agent de bromuration est du bromure de tétra-n-butylammonium, du bromure de sodium, du bromure de potassium, du bromure de diméthylbromosulfonium, le catalyseur est du CuCl2, et le solvant organique est du DMSO ;
    l'AgNO3 ayant une concentration de 40 à 60 mM, l'agent de bromuration ayant une concentration de 200 à 300 mM, et le CuCl2 ayant une concentration de 8 à 12 mM de préférence.
  6. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la couche d'électrolyte (3) comprend en outre du butyral de polyvinyle.
  7. Appareil d'affichage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la couche d'électrolyte (3) a une épaisseur de 400 à 600 µm.
  8. Appareil d'affichage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel
    l'une quelconque des couches conductrices transparentes (2, 4) est composée d'oxyde d'étain indium dopé au fluorure, d'oxyde de zinc aluminium ou de nanofils d'argent ;
    l'une quelconque des couches conductrices transparentes (2, 4) a de préférence une épaisseur de 80 à 120 nm.
  9. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    le moyen de commande inclut : un dispositif de commande conçu pour éteindre ou allumer automatiquement l'afficheur en fonction de l'état de surface miroir ou de l'état transparent de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ respectivement ; ou
    un dispositif de commande conçu pour appliquer automatiquement une tension appropriée pour passer la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ dans l'état de surface miroir ou dans l'état transparent lorsque l'afficheur est éteint ou allumé respectivement ; ou
    un circuit qui est conçu pour permettre la commutation manuelle des états de l'afficheur et de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ en même temps par le même interrupteur.
  10. Appareil d'affichage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    le moyen de commande comprend pour la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ un module de commande qui est conçu pour contrôler la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ en fonction d'un signal d'entrée et un module de détection qui est conçu pour détecter une tension de fonctionnement du module d'affichage à cristaux liquides, et pour l'entrer comme signal d'entrée dans le module de commande pour la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ, et le module de commande pour la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ et un circuit pilote du module d'affichage à cristaux liquide sont connectés par le module de détection.
  11. Appareil d'affichage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel
    l'appareil d'affichage est un rétroviseur intérieur pour véhicule ;
    dans le rétroviseur intérieur, la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ n'est de préférence pas parallèle à la surface de sortie de lumière de l'afficheur, de sorte qu'un pilote peut observer un environnement dernière le véhicule dans l'état de surface miroir de la couche de contrôle de visibilité induite par champ.
EP16899205.5A 2016-04-18 2016-10-12 Dispositif d'affichage capable de commuter entre un état d'affichage et un état de surface miroir Active EP3309609B1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2016/101863 WO2017181621A1 (fr) 2016-04-18 2016-10-12 Dispositif d'affichage capable de commuter entre un état d'affichage et un état de surface miroir

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US10551712B2 (en) 2020-02-04
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US20180252978A1 (en) 2018-09-06
EP3309609A1 (fr) 2018-04-18

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