EP3302837B1 - Method for the homogeneous non-contact temperature control of non-endless surfaces which are to be temperature-controlled, and device therefor - Google Patents

Method for the homogeneous non-contact temperature control of non-endless surfaces which are to be temperature-controlled, and device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3302837B1
EP3302837B1 EP16727320.0A EP16727320A EP3302837B1 EP 3302837 B1 EP3302837 B1 EP 3302837B1 EP 16727320 A EP16727320 A EP 16727320A EP 3302837 B1 EP3302837 B1 EP 3302837B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tempering
blade
nozzle
temperature control
blades
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EP16727320.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3302837A1 (en
Inventor
Markus Brummayer
Kurt Etzelsdorfer
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Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
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Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102015108514.3A external-priority patent/DE102015108514A1/en
Priority claimed from DE102015113056.4A external-priority patent/DE102015113056B4/en
Application filed by Voestalpine Stahl GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Publication of EP3302837A1 publication Critical patent/EP3302837A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0218—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for strips, sheets, or plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/004—Heating the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0233—Spray nozzles, Nozzle headers; Spray systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007—Cooling of charges therein

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the homogeneous, contactless tempering of surfaces to be tempered, which are primarily not endless, and a device therefor.
  • temperature control is required in many areas, for example when flat plates have to be cooled or heated, but also when e.g. B. glass surfaces in glass production or processor units or the like must be cooled or heated.
  • Previous cooling systems are either very complex, or kept quite simple, e.g. B. by blowing air or with other fluids, especially water or oil, which has the disadvantage that always unfavorable, uncontrolled flow conditions form on the surface, which become a problem when a specially defined temperature control is required.
  • a disadvantage of all these types of heating is that they are very complex or, in particular with different thicknesses, lead to different heating results. A small, area-wise control of the heating is not possible.
  • a heat treatment is carried out on a steel strip by blowing a gas jet onto the steel strip from a nozzle, the nozzle protruding perpendicularly from a flat surface of a collector into a tube H from the surface, the outlet opening of the nozzle being at a distance from the steel strip by To heat, cool or dry steel strip, the gas quantity density depending on the distance from the nozzle to the strip.
  • an apparatus for cooling a rolled product such as a steel strip which comprises a box containing pressurized gas, the box comprising a plurality of strips forming conduits, each strip having at least one gas outlet located on at least one Surface of the rolled product is directed, the openings of each strip being transverse to the longitudinal or moving direction of the rolled product, each space between two adjacent strips having a depth in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rolled product and another in the longitudinal direction of the rolled product, which is so sufficient is that the gas can be drawn off without interruption.
  • the object of the invention is to provide reproducible, systematic, homogeneous, contact-free temperature control of surfaces that are not primarily infinitely hot to a defined surface temperature within a few seconds.
  • the cooling media used are air gases, mixed gases but also water or other fluids.
  • the heating media used is preferably hot gases.
  • the surface to be temperature-controlled can be moved in the X, Y or Z plane by means of robots or linear drives, it being possible to specify the movement trajectories and the speeds of the surfaces to be cooled in any desired manner.
  • the oscillation around a rest position in the X and Y planes is preferred. Further oscillation in the Z plane (i.e. the height) is optional.
  • Cooling on one or both sides is also easily possible.
  • the temperature control units according to the invention consist of nozzles which are arranged at a certain distance from one another.
  • the geometry of the nozzles i.e. the outlet opening, ranges from simple cylindrical geometries to complex geometrically defined designs.
  • the temperature control unit is designed in such a way that there is sufficient space for the medium flowing out of the hot plate so that there is no crossflow on the surface to be cooled.
  • the intermediate spaces between the nozzles or rows of nozzles can be subjected to an additional cross flow in order to increase the temperature control rate and thus quasi suck off the temperature control medium flowing out of the hot plate.
  • this cross-flow should not impair the temperature control medium flowing from the nozzle to the plate, i.e. the free jet.
  • the flow pattern to be preferred follows a honeycomb-like structure on the surface to be cooled.
  • the cooling is preferably carried out with at least one cooling sword, the cooling sword being a plate-like or cylindrical element which can additionally taper from a base to an outflow bar, at least one nozzle being introduced in the outflow bar.
  • the sword is hollow, so that the nozzle can be supplied with a temperature control fluid from the hollow sword.
  • the nozzle (s) can be spatially spaced apart from one another with wedge-like elements, wherein the wedge-like elements can also narrow the space for the flowing fluid towards the nozzle.
  • a plurality of swords are preferably arranged next to one another, the swords being offset from one another.
  • temperature control is also carried out with staggered points with respect to one another, the points cooling homogeneously into one another and the outflowing fluid being sucked into and discharged into the area between two swords.
  • the element to be tempered e.g. B. a plate to be tempered
  • moves here so that the movement of the plate on the one hand and the offset arrangement of the nozzles on the other hand ensures that the tempering fluid flows over all areas of the plate, so that a homogeneous temperature control is achieved.
  • the temperature control device 1 has at least one temperature control sword 2.
  • the temperature control sword 2 is elongated and has a flap-like design and has a temperature control sword base 3, two temperature control sword broad sides 4 extending away from the temperature control sword base, two temperature control sword narrow sides 5, which connect the temperature control sword wide sides 6, and a free nozzle .
  • the temperature control sword 2 is hollow with a temperature control sword cavity 7, the cavity being enclosed by the temperature control sword broad sides 4, the temperature control sword narrow sides 5 and the nozzle edge 6, the temperature control sword at the base 3 being open.
  • the temperature control sword base 3 With the temperature control sword base 3, the temperature control sword is inserted into a temperature control sword frame 8, wherein the temperature control sword frame 8 can be placed on a hollow fluid supply box.
  • a plurality of nozzles or openings are introduced which extend into the cavity 7 and thus allow fluid to flow out of the cavity to the outside through the nozzles 10.
  • Nozzle channels 11 extend from the nozzles into the cavity 7, which spatially separate the nozzles from one another at least in the region of the nozzle edge 6.
  • the nozzle channels are preferably wedge-shaped in cross section, so that the nozzle channels or nozzles are separated from one another by wedge-shaped webs 12.
  • the nozzle channels are preferably designed such that they expand towards the cavity 7, so that an inflowing fluid is accelerated by the narrowing of the nozzle channels.
  • the broadside of the temperature control sword 4 can be designed to converge from the temperature control sword base 3 to the nozzle edge 6, so that the cavity narrows towards the nozzle edge 6.
  • the temperature control narrow sides 5 can be designed to be converging or diverging.
  • thermocontrol swords 2 There are preferably at least two temperature control swords 2, which are arranged parallel to one another with respect to the broad sides, wherein the temperature control swords 2 are offset from one another by half a nozzle spacing with respect to the spacing of the nozzles.
  • the nozzles 10 can also be designed to be elongated in alignment with the nozzle edge, but the nozzles can also be round, oval in alignment with the Nozzle edge or oval transverse to the nozzle edge to be hexagonal, octagonal or polygonal.
  • nozzles are also elongated with respect to the longitudinal extent of the nozzle edge, in particular oblong oval or oblong polygonal, there is a rotation of an emerging fluid jet ( Figures 10 , 11 ), whereby an offset arrangement by half a nozzle distance results in a temperature control pattern on a plate-like body ( Figure 10 ), which is offset accordingly.
  • the corresponding speed profile also gives a corresponding distribution ( Figure 11 ).
  • a device for tempering ( Figure 12 ) has z. B. two arrangements of temperature control swords 2 in a temperature control sword frame 8, wherein the temperature control sword frame 8 are formed with corresponding fluid feeds 14 and in particular on the side facing away from the temperature control swords 2 with a fluid box, in which fluid under pressure is present, in particular by the supply under pressure standing fluid.
  • a cooling medium is accordingly used, which is preferably supplied to a temperature control sword, with the cooling medium preferably being supplied centrally to the fluid supply box in a plurality of temperature control swords and being distributed from there to the temperature control swords.
  • the temperature control device When using the temperature control device for heating a corresponding plate or a corresponding object, it is advisable for the heating to take place via gaseous media.
  • gaseous media can be correspondingly heated to a target temperature outside the temperature control device.
  • Such heating is possible with conventional wind heaters, for example.
  • the fluids can be heated by direct or indirect heating, in particular by burners, jet pipes, electrical resistance heating and the like.
  • a circuit board is heated by means of purely convective heating with a gas having a temperature of 1100 ° C. and a heat transfer coefficient of 200 W / m 2 / K.
  • the heating curve (temperature in ° C over time in s) with this purely convective heating is in Figure 13 shown. It can be seen very well that the temperature quickly rises to a temperature above Ac3, i.e. the austenitizing temperature, which, for example, is 900 ° C. for a manganese-boron steel, and this method is therefore also well suited for hot forming, for example.
  • the austenitizing temperature which, for example, is 900 ° C. for a manganese-boron steel
  • a flat circuit board does not have to be used for this, but a correspondingly preformed component can also be heated.
  • only a partial area of the board is tempered, ie heated from room temperature (approx. 20 ° C.) to over Ac3 (approx. 900 ° C.).
  • room temperature approximately 20 ° C.
  • Ac3 approximately 900 ° C.
  • only these areas are hardened by the partial austenitization, and other areas of the board remain soft after a hot-forming step (not described in more detail here).
  • the setting of this zone can - depending on the design of the nozzle swords - be set quite precisely and, in this example, even temper areas within the board from at least 60 mm x 60 mm to a few millimeters.
  • edge areas of the board would be affected, they can be tempered even more precisely by appropriate movement through the nozzle field if parts of the board do not pass through the nozzle field.
  • the board can also be preheated - for example by a roller hearth furnace or other storage furnace.
  • a movement device 16 is provided, the movement device being designed in such a way that it can guide a body to be temperature-controlled between the opposing temperature-control sword arrangements in such a way that the body to be temperature-controlled can be cooled on both sides.
  • the distances between the nozzle edges 6 to the body to be tempered are z. B. 5 to 250 mm.
  • the tempering pattern moves accordingly Figure 10 over the surface of the body to be tempered, the medium flowing out of the hot body between the temperature control bars 2 being sufficient Finds space to flow away and therefore no crossflow occurs on the surface to be tempered.
  • the intermediate spaces can be acted upon with an additional transverse flow by means of appropriate flow media in order to suck off the medium flowing onto the body to be tempered between the swords.
  • An advantage of the invention is that a homogeneous temperature control of elements to be temperature-controlled is possible, which is inexpensive and has a high variability with regard to the target temperature and possible throughput times.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum homogenen, kontaktlosen Temperieren von zu temperierenden, primär nicht endlosen Oberflächen sowie eine Vorrichtung hierfür.The invention relates to a method for the homogeneous, contactless tempering of surfaces to be tempered, which are primarily not endless, and a device therefor.

Im technischen Bereich werden Temperierungen in vielen Bereichen benötigt, beispielsweise wenn ebene Platten gekühlt oder erhitzt werden müssen, aber auch wenn z. B. Glasflächen bei der Glasherstellung oder Prozessoreinheiten o. ä. gekühlt oder erhitzt werden müssen.In the technical area, temperature control is required in many areas, for example when flat plates have to be cooled or heated, but also when e.g. B. glass surfaces in glass production or processor units or the like must be cooled or heated.

Bisherige Kühlsysteme sind entweder sehr aufwändig, oder recht einfach gehalten, z. B. durch das Anblasen von Luft oder mit anderen Fluiden, insbesondere Wasser oder Öl, wobei hierbei von Nachteil ist, dass sich an der Oberfläche immer ungünstige, unkontrollierte Strömungsbedingungen ausbilden, die dann zum Problem werden, wenn eine besondere definierte Temperierung erforderlich ist.Previous cooling systems are either very complex, or kept quite simple, e.g. B. by blowing air or with other fluids, especially water or oil, which has the disadvantage that always unfavorable, uncontrolled flow conditions form on the surface, which become a problem when a specially defined temperature control is required.

Insgesamt ist im Stand der Technik davon auszugehen, dass ungünstige Strömungsbedingungen auf der zu temperierenden flächigen Oberfläche, sogenannter Crossflow, bestehen und diese heterogene Oberflächentemperaturen erzeugen. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Nachteil, wenn im Bereich der Oberfläche zur Erzielung homogener Materialeigenschaften auch homogene Temperaturen notwendig sind. Insbesondere können inhomogene Oberflächentemperaturen auch zu Verzug führen.Overall, it can be assumed in the prior art that unfavorable flow conditions exist on the surface to be tempered, so-called crossflow, and that these generate heterogeneous surface temperatures. This is particularly disadvantageous if homogeneous temperatures are also necessary in the area of the surface in order to achieve homogeneous material properties. In particular, inhomogeneous surface temperatures can also lead to warpage.

Darüber hinaus ist mit herkömmlichen Kühlmethoden ein kontrolliertes Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Zieltemperatur ebenso wenig möglich, wie die systematische Einstellung von nahezu beliebigen Temperierraten bis zu einer maximal erreichbaren Temperierrate.In addition, with conventional cooling methods, it is just as impossible to achieve a specified target temperature in a controlled manner as it is to systematically set almost any one Tempering rates up to a maximum achievable tempering rate.

Besondere Schwierigkeiten bestehen dann, wenn unterschiedliche Materialdicken auf einer Temperierfläche vorhanden sind, welche auf homogene Temperaturverhältnisse abgekühlt werden sollen.Particular difficulties arise when there are different material thicknesses on a temperature control surface which are to be cooled to homogeneous temperature conditions.

Auch das Erhitzen ist im Stand der Technik in gleicher Weise mit Problemen behaftet.Heating is also associated with problems in the prior art.

Insbesondere beim Erhitzen von Platten und insbesondere beim Erhitzen von Metallplatten z. B. zum Zwecke des Härtens oder Umformens wird auf diese Platten entweder mit Brennern eingewirkt, mit elektrischen Widerstandsheizungen oder mit einer direkten Plattenerwärmung.Especially when heating plates and especially when heating metal plates such. B. for the purpose of hardening or forming, these plates are either acted on with burners, with electrical resistance heaters or with direct plate heating.

Bei all diesen Erhitzungsarten ist von Nachteil, dass diese sehr aufwendig sind oder insbesondere bei unterschiedlichen Dicken zu unterschiedlichen Erwärmungsergebnissen führen. Eine kleine, bereichsweise Steuerung der Erwärmung ist hierdurch nicht möglich.A disadvantage of all these types of heating is that they are very complex or, in particular with different thicknesses, lead to different heating results. A small, area-wise control of the heating is not possible.

Darüber hinaus ist es im Stand der Technik bekannt, ebene Metallplatten, insbesondere Stahlplatinen mit unterschiedlichsten Methoden zunächst vorzuwärmen und eine vollständige oder teilbereichsweise Erwärmung auf eine Temperatur, die eine Härtung erlaubt erst anschließend durchzuführen.In addition, it is known in the prior art to preheat flat metal plates, in particular steel plates, using a wide variety of methods and to carry out complete or partial heating to a temperature which permits hardening only afterwards.

Auch bei Erhitzungsmethoden können insbesondere inhomogene Oberflächentemperaturen zu Verzug führen.Even with heating methods, inhomogeneous surface temperatures can lead to warpage.

Aus der DE 69833424 T2 sind Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln mittels Gasstrahl bekannt.From the DE 69833424 T2 are known methods and apparatus for heat treatment using a gas jet.

Hierbei wird eine Wärmebehandlung an einem Stahlband durch Blasen eines Gasstrahls auf das Stahlband aus einer Düse vorgenommen, wobei die Düse von einer ebenen Fläche eines Sammlers in eine Röhre H von der Fläche senkrecht vorsteht, wobei die Auslassöffnung der Düse einen Abstand vom Stahlband besitzt um das Stahlband zu erwärmen, abzukühlen oder zu trocknen, wobei die Gasmengendichte von dem Abstand der Düse zum Band abhängt.Here, a heat treatment is carried out on a steel strip by blowing a gas jet onto the steel strip from a nozzle, the nozzle protruding perpendicularly from a flat surface of a collector into a tube H from the surface, the outlet opening of the nozzle being at a distance from the steel strip by To heat, cool or dry steel strip, the gas quantity density depending on the distance from the nozzle to the strip.

Aus der US 2011/0018178 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Beeinflussen der Temperatur eines bewegten Bandes bekannt bei dem Gas oder eine Wasser/Gasmischung aufgebracht wird, wobei eine Mehrzahl von Gasstrahlen oder Wassergas gemischten Strahlen auf die Oberfläche des Bandes einwirken und in einer derartigen Weise angeordnet sind, dass die Auftreffpunkte der Strahlen des Gases oder der Wassergasmischung auf jeder Oberfläche des Bandes an den Knotenpunkten eines zweidimensionalen Netzwerks angeordnet sind und auf jeder Seite des Bandes aufgesprüht werden. Hierbei sind die Auftreffpunkte der Gasstrahlen der beiden Flächen des Bandes gegeneinander versetzt.From the US 2011/0018178 A1 is known a method for influencing the temperature of a moving belt in which gas or a water / gas mixture is applied, wherein a plurality of gas jets or water-gas mixed jets act on the surface of the belt and are arranged in such a way that the points of incidence of the jets of the gas or water gas mixture are arranged on each surface of the belt at the nodes of a two-dimensional network and are sprayed on each side of the belt. The points of impact of the gas jets of the two surfaces of the belt are offset from one another.

Aus der US 5,871,686 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Kühlen eines gewalzten Produkts wie eines Stahlbandes bekannt, welches einen Kasten umfasst, der unter Druck gesetztes Gas beinhaltet, wobei der Kasten eine Mehrzahl von Leisten umfasst, die Leitungen bilden, wobei jede Leiste zumindest einen Gasauslass besitzt, welcher auf zumindest einer Oberfläche des gewalzten Produkts gerichtet ist, wobei die Öffnungen einer jeden Leisten quer zur Längs- oder Bewegungsrichtung des gewalzten Produkts angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Raum zwischen zwei benachbarten Leisten eine Tiefe in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche des gewalzten Produkts besitzt und eine weitere in der Längsrichtung des gewalzten Produkts, welche so ausreichend ist, dass das Gas ohne Unterbrechung abgezogen werden kann.From the US 5,871,686 an apparatus for cooling a rolled product such as a steel strip is known which comprises a box containing pressurized gas, the box comprising a plurality of strips forming conduits, each strip having at least one gas outlet located on at least one Surface of the rolled product is directed, the openings of each strip being transverse to the longitudinal or moving direction of the rolled product, each space between two adjacent strips having a depth in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rolled product and another in the longitudinal direction of the rolled product, which is so sufficient is that the gas can be drawn off without interruption.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, reproduzierbare, systematische, homogene kontaktfreie Temperierungen von primär nicht endlos heißen Oberflächen auf eine definierte Oberflächentemperatur innerhalb von wenigen Sekunden zu schaffen.The object of the invention is to provide reproducible, systematic, homogeneous, contact-free temperature control of surfaces that are not primarily infinitely hot to a defined surface temperature within a few seconds.

Die Aufgabe wird mit einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den hiervon abhängigen Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous further developments are characterized in the dependent claims dependent thereon.

Es ist eine weitere Aufgabe ein Verfahren zum reproduzierbaren, systematischen, homogenen kontaktfreien Temperieren von primär nicht endlos heißen Oberflächen auf eine definierte Oberflächentemperatur innerhalb von wenigen Sekunden zu schaffen.It is a further object to create a process for the reproducible, systematic, homogeneous, contact-free tempering of primarily not endlessly hot surfaces to a defined surface temperature within a few seconds.

Die Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 gelöst.The object is achieved with a method having the features of claim 7.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den hiervon abhängigen Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous further developments are characterized in the dependent claims dependent thereon.

Erfindungsgemäß soll es möglich sein bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 900°C eine Temperierung, d. h. Abkühlung oder Aufheizung zu gewährleisten, die maximal 30°C Temperaturabweichung innerhalb eines Quadratmeters ermöglicht. Die verwendeten Kühlmedien sind Luftgase, Mischgase aber auch Wasser oder andere Fluide. Die verwendeten Erhitzungsmedien vorzugsweise heiße Gase.According to the invention, it should be possible to ensure temperature control, ie cooling or heating, at temperatures of 20 to 900 ° C., which allows a maximum temperature deviation of 30 ° C. within one square meter. The cooling media used are air gases, mixed gases but also water or other fluids. The heating media used is preferably hot gases.

Erfindungsgemäß soll ein geringer Investitionsaufwand mit geringen Betriebskosten, einer hohen Systemverfügbarkeit, hoher Flexibilität und der einfachen Integration in bestehende Produktionsprozesse ermöglicht werden.According to the invention, a low investment outlay with low operating costs, high system availability, high flexibility and simple integration into existing production processes should be made possible.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies dadurch, dass die zu temperierende Oberfläche mittels Roboter oder Linearantrieben in der X-, Y- oder Z-Ebene bewegt werden kann, wobei eine beliebige Vorgabe der Bewegungstrajektorien und Geschwindigkeiten der zu kühlenden Oberflächen möglich ist. Bevorzugt ist hierbei die Oszillation um eine Ruhelage in der X- und Y-Ebene. Die weitere Oszillation in der Z-Ebene (also der Höhe) ist optional möglich.This is achieved according to the invention in that the surface to be temperature-controlled can be moved in the X, Y or Z plane by means of robots or linear drives, it being possible to specify the movement trajectories and the speeds of the surfaces to be cooled in any desired manner. The oscillation around a rest position in the X and Y planes is preferred. Further oscillation in the Z plane (i.e. the height) is optional.

Ebenso ist eine ein- oder beidseitige Kühlung ohne weiteres möglich.Cooling on one or both sides is also easily possible.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Temperiereinheiten bestehen aus Düsen, die in einem bestimmten Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Geometrie der Düsen, das heißt der Austrittsöffnung, recht von einfachen zylindrischen Geometrien bis hin zu komplexen geometrisch definierten Ausführungen. Die Temperiereinheit ist dabei so ausgeführt, dass das von der heißen Platte abströmende Medium ausreichend Raum vorfindet und somit kein Crossflow auf der zu kühlenden Oberfläche entsteht. Die Zwischenräume zwischen den Düsen bzw. Düsenreihen können mit einer zusätzlichen Querströmung beaufschlagt werden, um die Temperierrate zu erhöhen und damit das Temperiermedium, das von der heißen Platte abströmt, quasi abzusaugen. Diese Querströmung sollte jedoch nicht das anströmende Temperiermedium von der Düse zur Platte also den Freistrahl beeinträchtigten.The temperature control units according to the invention consist of nozzles which are arranged at a certain distance from one another. The geometry of the nozzles, i.e. the outlet opening, ranges from simple cylindrical geometries to complex geometrically defined designs. The temperature control unit is designed in such a way that there is sufficient space for the medium flowing out of the hot plate so that there is no crossflow on the surface to be cooled. The intermediate spaces between the nozzles or rows of nozzles can be subjected to an additional cross flow in order to increase the temperature control rate and thus quasi suck off the temperature control medium flowing out of the hot plate. However, this cross-flow should not impair the temperature control medium flowing from the nozzle to the plate, i.e. the free jet.

Erfindungsgemäß folgt das zu bevorzugende Strömungsbild auf der zu kühlenden Oberfläche einer wabenähnlichen Struktur.According to the invention, the flow pattern to be preferred follows a honeycomb-like structure on the surface to be cooled.

Die Kühlung erfolgt dabei vorzugsweise mit zumindest einem Kühlschwert, wobei das Kühlschwert ein plattenähnliches oder zylindrisches Element ist, welches sich zusätzlich von einer Basis zu einer Ausströmleiste hin verjüngen kann, wobei in der Ausströmleiste mindestens eine Düse eingebracht ist. Das Schwert ist hierbei hohl ausgebildet, sodass die Düse aus dem hohlen Schwert heraus mit einem Temperierfluid versorgt werden kann. Die Düse(n) können voneinander mit keilartigen Elementen räumlich beabstandet sein, wobei die keilartigen Elemente auch den Raum für das strömende Fluid zur Düse hin verengen können.The cooling is preferably carried out with at least one cooling sword, the cooling sword being a plate-like or cylindrical element which can additionally taper from a base to an outflow bar, at least one nozzle being introduced in the outflow bar. The sword is hollow, so that the nozzle can be supplied with a temperature control fluid from the hollow sword. The nozzle (s) can be spatially spaced apart from one another with wedge-like elements, wherein the wedge-like elements can also narrow the space for the flowing fluid towards the nozzle.

Hierdurch kommt es insbesondere zu einer Verdrehung des ausströmenden Fluidstrahls.This in particular causes the outflowing fluid jet to twist.

Vorzugsweise ist eine Mehrzahl von Schwertern nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei die Schwerter zueinander versetzt sind.A plurality of swords are preferably arranged next to one another, the swords being offset from one another.

Durch die versetzte Anordnung erfolgt eine Temperierung ebenfalls mit versetzten Punkten zueinander, wobei die Punkte ineinanderlaufend homogen kühlen und das ausgeströmte Fluid in den Bereich zwischen zwei Schwertern eingesaugt und abgeführt wird.Due to the staggered arrangement, temperature control is also carried out with staggered points with respect to one another, the points cooling homogeneously into one another and the outflowing fluid being sucked into and discharged into the area between two swords.

Vorzugsweise wird das zu temperierende Element, z. B. eine zu temperierende Platte, hierbei bewegt, sodass die Bewegung der Platte einerseits und die versetzte Anordnung der Düsen andererseits dafür sorgt, dass das Temperierfluid alle Bereiche der Platte überströmt, sodass eine homogene Temperierung erzielt wird.Preferably, the element to be tempered, e.g. B. a plate to be tempered, moves here, so that the movement of the plate on the one hand and the offset arrangement of the nozzles on the other hand ensures that the tempering fluid flows over all areas of the plate, so that a homogeneous temperature control is achieved.

Die Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung beispielhaft erläutert.The invention is explained by way of example with reference to a drawing.

Es zeigen dabei

Figur 1
eine Draufsicht auf eine Mehrzahl von parallel zueinander angeordneten Temperierschwertern;
Figur 2
die Anordnung der Temperierschwerter gemäß des Schnittes A-A in Figur 1;
Figur 3
einen Längsschnitt durch ein Temperierschwert entsprechend der Schnittlinie C-C in Figur 2;
Figur 4
die Detailvergrößerung D aus Figur 3 zeigend die Düsen;
Figur 5
die Anordnung der Temperierschwerter in einer schematischen perspektivischen Ansicht;
Figur 6
eine Detailvergrößerung des Randbereichs der Temperierschwerter mit einem Versatz innerhalb der Schwertanordnung;
Figur 7
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung von Temperierschwertern, welche in einem Temperierblock zusammengefasst sind;
Figur 8
die Anordnung nach Figur 7 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht auf die Rückseite;
Figur 9
eine Ansicht von erfindungsgemäßen Temperierschwertern in deren Innenraum;
Figur 10
angedeutet die Temperierschwerter mit den Düsen, wobei eine zu temperierende Platte mit der Temperaturverteilung und der Fluidtemperaturverteilung gezeigt ist;
Figur 11
die Anordnung nach Figur 10, zeigend die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung;
Figur 12
schematisch die Anordnung zweier gegenüberliegender Temperierkästen aus einer Mehrzahl von versetzt zueinander angeordneten erfindungsgemäßen Temperierschwertern und einem Bewegungsschlitten zum Hindurchbewegen eines zu kühlenden Objekts;
Figur 13
eine Aufheizkurve erzielt mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung an einer ebenen Blechplatine zeigend die Blechtemperatur.
It show
Figure 1
a plan view of a plurality of temperature control swords arranged parallel to each other;
Figure 2
the arrangement of the tempering swords according to the section AA in Figure 1 ;
Figure 3
a longitudinal section through a temperature control sword according to the section line CC in Figure 2 ;
Figure 4
the detail magnification D from Figure 3 showing the nozzles;
Figure 5
the arrangement of the temperature control swords in a schematic perspective view;
Figure 6
a detail enlargement of the edge area of the tempering swords with an offset within the sword arrangement;
Figure 7
a perspective view of an inventive arrangement of temperature control swords, which are combined in a temperature control block;
Figure 8
the order after Figure 7 in a perspective view of the back;
Figure 9
a view of temperature control swords according to the invention in their interior;
Figure 10
indicated the tempering swords with the nozzles, with a plate to be tempered with the temperature distribution and the fluid temperature distribution is shown;
Figure 11
the order after Figure 10 , showing the speed distribution;
Figure 12
schematically shows the arrangement of two temperature control boxes located opposite one another from a plurality of temperature control swords according to the invention arranged offset with respect to one another and a movement slide for moving an object to be cooled;
Figure 13
a heating curve achieved with a device according to the invention on a flat sheet metal plate showing the sheet temperature.

Eine mögliche Ausführungsform wird nachfolgend beschrieben.A possible embodiment is described below.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Temperieren 1 besitzt zumindest ein Temperierschwert 2. Das Temperierschwert 2 ist lang gestreckt klappenartig ausgebildet und besitzt eine Temperierschwertbasis 3, zwei sich von der Temperierschwertbasis weg erstreckende Temperierschwertbreitseiten 4, zwei Temperierschwertschmalseiten 5, welche die Temperierschwertbreitseiten verbinden, und eine freie Düsenkante 6.The temperature control device 1 according to the invention has at least one temperature control sword 2. The temperature control sword 2 is elongated and has a flap-like design and has a temperature control sword base 3, two temperature control sword broad sides 4 extending away from the temperature control sword base, two temperature control sword narrow sides 5, which connect the temperature control sword wide sides 6, and a free nozzle .

Das Temperierschwert 2 ist hohl mit einem Temperierschwerthohlraum 7 ausgebildet, wobei der Hohlraum von den Temperierschwertbreitseiten 4, den Temperierschwertschmalseiten 5 und der Düsenkante 6 umschlossen wird, wobei das Temperierschwert an der Basis 3 offen ist. Mit der Temperierschwertbasis 3 ist das Temperierschwert in einen Temperierschwertrahmen 8 eingesetzt, wobei der Temperierschwertrahmen 8 auf einen hohlen Fluidzuführkasten aufsetzbar ist.The temperature control sword 2 is hollow with a temperature control sword cavity 7, the cavity being enclosed by the temperature control sword broad sides 4, the temperature control sword narrow sides 5 and the nozzle edge 6, the temperature control sword at the base 3 being open. With the temperature control sword base 3, the temperature control sword is inserted into a temperature control sword frame 8, wherein the temperature control sword frame 8 can be placed on a hollow fluid supply box.

Im Bereich der Düsenkante 6 ist eine Mehrzahl von Düsen bzw. Öffnungen eigebracht, welche in den Hohlraum 7 reichen und somit das Ausströmen von Fluid aus dem Hohlraum nach außen durch die Düsen 10 hindurch ermöglicht.In the area of the nozzle edge 6, a plurality of nozzles or openings are introduced which extend into the cavity 7 and thus allow fluid to flow out of the cavity to the outside through the nozzles 10.

Von den Düsen erstrecken sich Düsenkanäle 11 in den Hohlraum 7 hinein, welche die Düsen zumindest im Bereich der Düsenkante 6 räumlich voneinander trennen. Die Düsenkanäle sind dabei im Querschnitt vorzugsweise keilförmig ausgebildet, sodass die Düsenkanäle bzw. Düsen durch keilförmige Stege 12 voneinander getrennt sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Düsenkanäle dabei so ausgebildet, dass sie sich zum Hohlraum 7 hin erweitern, sodass ein einströmendes Fluid durch die Verengung der Düsenkanäle beschleunigt wird.Nozzle channels 11 extend from the nozzles into the cavity 7, which spatially separate the nozzles from one another at least in the region of the nozzle edge 6. The nozzle channels are preferably wedge-shaped in cross section, so that the nozzle channels or nozzles are separated from one another by wedge-shaped webs 12. The nozzle channels are preferably designed such that they expand towards the cavity 7, so that an inflowing fluid is accelerated by the narrowing of the nozzle channels.

Die Temperierschwertbreitseiten 4 können von der Temperierschwertbasis 3 zur Düsenkante 6 hin konvergierend ausgebildet sein, sodass der Hohlraum sich zur Düsenkante 6 hin verengt.The broadside of the temperature control sword 4 can be designed to converge from the temperature control sword base 3 to the nozzle edge 6, so that the cavity narrows towards the nozzle edge 6.

Zudem können die Temperierschwertschmalseiten 5 konvergierend oder divergierend ausgebildet sein.In addition, the temperature control narrow sides 5 can be designed to be converging or diverging.

Vorzugsweise sind zumindest zwei Temperierschwerter 2 vorhanden, welche bezüglich der Breitseiten parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Temperierschwerter 2 bezüglich des Abstandes der Düsen 10 um einen halben Düsenabstand zueinander versetzt sind.There are preferably at least two temperature control swords 2, which are arranged parallel to one another with respect to the broad sides, wherein the temperature control swords 2 are offset from one another by half a nozzle spacing with respect to the spacing of the nozzles.

Darüber hinaus können auch mehr als zwei Temperierschwerter 2 vorhanden sein.In addition, there may also be more than two temperature control swords 2.

Die Düsen 10 können, bezogen auf die Erstreckung der Düsenkante, ebenfalls länglich fluchtend zur Düsenkante ausgebildet sein, die Düsen können jedoch auch rund, oval fluchtend zur Düsenkante oder oval quer zur Düsenkante sechs-, acht- oder mehreckig ausgebildet sein.Based on the extent of the nozzle edge, the nozzles 10 can also be designed to be elongated in alignment with the nozzle edge, but the nozzles can also be round, oval in alignment with the Nozzle edge or oval transverse to the nozzle edge to be hexagonal, octagonal or polygonal.

Insbesondere wenn die Düsen, bezogen auf die Längserstreckung der Düsenkante, ebenfalls länglich ausgebildet sind, insbesondere länglich oval oder länglich vieleckig, ergibt sich eine Drehung eines austretenden Fluidstrahls (Figuren 10, 11), wobei sich durch eine versetzte Anordnung um einen halben Düsenabstand ein Temperiermuster auf einem plattenartigen Körper ergibt (Figur 10), welche entsprechend versetzt ist.In particular if the nozzles are also elongated with respect to the longitudinal extent of the nozzle edge, in particular oblong oval or oblong polygonal, there is a rotation of an emerging fluid jet ( Figures 10 , 11 ), whereby an offset arrangement by half a nozzle distance results in a temperature control pattern on a plate-like body ( Figure 10 ), which is offset accordingly.

Auch das entsprechende Geschwindigkeitsprofil ergibt eine entsprechende Verteilung (Figur 11).The corresponding speed profile also gives a corresponding distribution ( Figure 11 ).

Erfindungsgemäß hat sich herausgestellt, dass aus den Düsen 10 ausströmendes Fluid zwar auf die Oberfläche eines zu temperierenden Körpers prallt (Figuren 10, 11), jedoch offensichtlich zwischen den zumindest zwei Schwertern der Temperiervorrichtung 1 eintauchend abfließt, sodass die Temperierströmung an der Oberfläche eines zu temperierenden Körpers nicht gestört wird.According to the invention, it has been found that the fluid flowing out of the nozzles 10 impinges on the surface of a body to be tempered ( Figures 10 , 11 ), but apparently flows between the at least two swords of the temperature control device 1 so that the temperature control flow on the surface of a body to be temperature controlled is not disturbed.

Bevorzugt gelten die folgenden Bedingungen:

  • Hydraulischer Durchmesser Düse = DH, wobei DH = 4 x A / U
  • Abstand Düse zu Körper = H
  • Abstand zwischen zweiTemperierschwerter/Kühlzylinder = S
  • Länge der Düse = L
  • L >= 6 x DH
  • H <= 6 x DH, insb. 4 bis 6 x DH
  • S <= 6 x DH, insb. 4 bis 6 x DH (staggered array)
  • Oszillation = halbe Teilung des Abstand zwischen zwei Temperierschwerter in X, Y (evtl. Z)
The following conditions preferably apply:
  • Hydraulic diameter nozzle = DH, where DH = 4 x A / U
  • Distance nozzle to body = H
  • Distance between two temperature control swords / cooling cylinder = S
  • Nozzle length = L
  • L> = 6 x DH
  • H <= 6 x DH, esp. 4 to 6 x DH
  • S <= 6 x DH, esp. 4 to 6 x DH (staggered array)
  • Oscillation = half division of the distance between two temperature control swords in X, Y (possibly Z)

Eine Vorrichtung zum Temperieren (Figur 12) besitzt z. B. zwei Anordnungen von Temperierschwertern 2 in einem Temperierschwertrahmen 8, wobei die Temperierschwertrahmen 8 mit entsprechenden Fluidzuführungen 14 und insbesondere auf der den Temperierschwertern 2 abgewandten Seite mit einem Fluidkasten ausgebildet sind, in dem unter Druck stehendes Fluid vorhanden ist, insbesondere durch die Zuführung unter Druck stehendes Fluid.A device for tempering ( Figure 12 ) has z. B. two arrangements of temperature control swords 2 in a temperature control sword frame 8, wherein the temperature control sword frame 8 are formed with corresponding fluid feeds 14 and in particular on the side facing away from the temperature control swords 2 with a fluid box, in which fluid under pressure is present, in particular by the supply under pressure standing fluid.

Soll die Vorrichtung zum Temperieren einen Körper kühlen wird dementsprechend ein Kühlmedium verwendet, welches vorzugsweise einem Temperierschwert zugeführt, wobei bei einer Mehrzahl von Temperierschwertern vorzugsweise das Kühlmedium dem Fluidzuführkasten zentral zugeführt und von dort auf die Temperierschwerter verteilt wird.If the device for temperature control is to cool a body, a cooling medium is accordingly used, which is preferably supplied to a temperature control sword, with the cooling medium preferably being supplied centrally to the fluid supply box in a plurality of temperature control swords and being distributed from there to the temperature control swords.

Bei der Verwendung der Temperiervorrichtung zum Erhitzen einer entsprechenden Platte oder eines entsprechenden Gegenstandes bietet es sich an, dass die Erhitzung über gasförmige Medien erfolgt.When using the temperature control device for heating a corresponding plate or a corresponding object, it is advisable for the heating to take place via gaseous media.

Diese gasförmigen Medien können außerhalb der Vorrichtung zum Temperieren entsprechend auf eine Zieltemperatur erhitzt werden. Eine solche Erhitzung ist beispielsweise mit herkömmlichen Winderhitzern möglich.These gaseous media can be correspondingly heated to a target temperature outside the temperature control device. Such heating is possible with conventional wind heaters, for example.

Ferner ist es möglich, eine Erhitzung der entsprechenden Fluide in Fluidzuführkasten durchzuführen. Hierbei können die Fluide über eine direkte oder indirekte Beheizung erhitzt werden, insbesondere durch Brenner, Strahlrohre, elektrische Widerstandsbeheizungen und dergleichen.It is also possible to heat the corresponding fluids in the fluid supply box. Here, the fluids can be heated by direct or indirect heating, in particular by burners, jet pipes, electrical resistance heating and the like.

Darüber hinaus ist es auch möglich, die durch Brenner erzeugten heißen Abgase direkt zu verwenden.In addition, it is also possible to use the hot exhaust gases generated by burners directly.

In diesen Fällen ist es zudem möglich, die entsprechenden Gase vorher oder anschließend entsprechend zu beschleunigen oder unter Druck zu setzen, um ein ausreichendes Ausströmen aus den Düsen zu gewährleisten.In these cases, it is also possible to accelerate or pressurize the corresponding gases before or afterwards in order to ensure a sufficient outflow from the nozzles.

In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel wird eine Platine mittels rein konvektiver Erwärmung mit einem mit einem 1100°C heißem Gas und einem Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten von 200 W/m^2/K temperiert.In a first exemplary embodiment, a circuit board is heated by means of purely convective heating with a gas having a temperature of 1100 ° C. and a heat transfer coefficient of 200 W / m 2 / K.

Die Aufheizkurve (Temperatur in °C über die Zeit in s) bei dieser rein konvektiver Erwärmung wird in Figur 13 dargestellt. Man erkennt sehr gut, dass sich rasch eine Erwärmung auf eine Temperatur von über Ac3, also der Austenitisierungstemperatur, welche bei einem Mangan-Bor Stahl beispielsweise 900 °C beträgt einstellt und sich diese Methode daher beispielsweise auch gut für die Warmumformung eignet.The heating curve (temperature in ° C over time in s) with this purely convective heating is in Figure 13 shown. It can be seen very well that the temperature quickly rises to a temperature above Ac3, i.e. the austenitizing temperature, which, for example, is 900 ° C. for a manganese-boron steel, and this method is therefore also well suited for hot forming, for example.

Selbstverständlich muss nicht eine ebene Platine hierfür verwendet werden sondern kann auch ein entsprechend vorgeformtes Bauteil erhitzt werden.Of course, a flat circuit board does not have to be used for this, but a correspondingly preformed component can also be heated.

In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel wird nur ein Teilbereich der Platine temperiert, d.h. von Raumtemperatur (ca. 20 °C) auf über Ac3 (ca. 900°C) erhitzt.
Vorteilhafterweise werden durch die partielle Austenitisierung nur diese Bereiche gehärtet und andere Bereiche der Platine verbleiben nach einem Warmumformschritt (hier nicht näher beschrieben) weich.In a second exemplary embodiment, only a partial area of the board is tempered, ie heated from room temperature (approx. 20 ° C.) to over Ac3 (approx. 900 ° C.).
Advantageously, only these areas are hardened by the partial austenitization, and other areas of the board remain soft after a hot-forming step (not described in more detail here).

Die Einstellung dieser Zone kann - je nach Ausführung der Düsenschwerter - recht exakt eingestellt sein und in diesem Beispiel bereits Bereiche innerhalb der Platine von mindestens 60 mm x 60 mm auf wenige Millimeter exakt temperieren.The setting of this zone can - depending on the design of the nozzle swords - be set quite precisely and, in this example, even temper areas within the board from at least 60 mm x 60 mm to a few millimeters.

Falls Randbereiche der Platine betroffen wären, können diese durch entsprechende Bewegung durch das Düsenfeld noch exakter temperiert werden wenn Teile der Platine das Düsenfeld eben nicht durchlaufen.If edge areas of the board would be affected, they can be tempered even more precisely by appropriate movement through the nozzle field if parts of the board do not pass through the nozzle field.

In einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel wird gezeigt, dass die Platine auch vorerwärmt sein kann - beispielsweise durch einen Rollenherdofen oder andere Speicheröfen.In a third exemplary embodiment, it is shown that the board can also be preheated - for example by a roller hearth furnace or other storage furnace.

Danach erfolgt wiederum die voll- oder teilflächige Temperierung der Platine auf über Ac3 durch Gaserwärmung.
Einlasstemperatur Gas: 1800 °C.
Starttemperatur für Platine: 500 °C
Endtemperatur Platine: 1200 °C
Zeitdauer von 500°C auf 1200 °C: ca. 30 sec
Zeitdauer von 500°C auf 900 °C: ca. 16 sec
Anordnung: beidseitige HeizungThen the whole or part of the surface is tempered to Ac3 by gas heating.
Gas inlet temperature: 1800 ° C.
Starting temperature for the board: 500 ° C
Final temperature board: 1200 ° C
Duration from 500 ° C to 1200 ° C: approx. 30 sec
Duration from 500 ° C to 900 ° C: approx. 16 sec
Arrangement: heating on both sides

Zusätzlich ist eine Bewegungsvorrichtung 16 vorhanden, wobei die Bewegungsvorrichtung so ausgebildet ist, dass sie einen zu temperierenden Körper zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Temperierschwertanordnungen so hindurch führen kann, dass auf den zu temperierenden Körper beidseitig kühlend eingewirkt werden kann.In addition, a movement device 16 is provided, the movement device being designed in such a way that it can guide a body to be temperature-controlled between the opposing temperature-control sword arrangements in such a way that the body to be temperature-controlled can be cooled on both sides.

Die Abstände der Düsenkanten 6 zum zu temperierenden Körper betragen dabei z. B. 5 bis 250 mm.The distances between the nozzle edges 6 to the body to be tempered are z. B. 5 to 250 mm.

Durch eine Relativbewegung entweder der Vorrichtung zum Temperieren zu einem zu temperierenden Körper oder umgekehrt bewegt sich das Temperiermuster gemäß Figur 10 über die Oberfläche des zu temperierenden Körpers, wobei das von dem heißen Körper abströmende Medium zwischen den Temperierschwertern 2 ausreichend Raum vorfindet um abzuströmen und somit kein Crossflow auf der zu temperierenden Oberfläche entsteht.Through a relative movement either of the device for tempering to a body to be tempered or vice versa, the tempering pattern moves accordingly Figure 10 over the surface of the body to be tempered, the medium flowing out of the hot body between the temperature control bars 2 being sufficient Finds space to flow away and therefore no crossflow occurs on the surface to be tempered.

Erfindungsgemäß können die Zwischenräume mit entsprechenden Strömungsmitteln mit einer zusätzlichen Querströmung beaufschlagt werden um das auf den zu temperierenden Körper strömende Medium zwischen den Schwertern abzusaugen.According to the invention, the intermediate spaces can be acted upon with an additional transverse flow by means of appropriate flow media in order to suck off the medium flowing onto the body to be tempered between the swords.

Bei der Erfindung ist von Vorteil, dass eine homogene Temperierung von zu temperierenden Elementen möglich ist, welche kostengünstig ist und eine hohe Variabilität hinsichtlich der Zieltemperatur und möglicher Durchlaufzeiten besitzt.An advantage of the invention is that a homogeneous temperature control of elements to be temperature-controlled is possible, which is inexpensive and has a high variability with regard to the target temperature and possible throughput times.

BezugszeichenReference numerals

11
Vorrichtung zum TemperierenTemperature control device
22nd
TemperierschwertTempering sword
33rd
TemperierschwertbasisTemperature control sword base
44th
TemperierschwertbreitseitenTempering sword broadsides
55
TemperierschwertschmalseitenTempering sword narrow sides
66
DüsenkanteNozzle edge
77
Hohlraumcavity
88th
TemperierschwertrahmenTempering sword frame
1010th
DüsenNozzles
1111
DüsenkanäleNozzle channels
1212th
keilförmige Stegewedge-shaped webs
1414
FluidzuführungenFluid supplies

Claims (7)

  1. An apparatus for the homogeneous, contactless tempering of primarily non-endless surfaces, characterised in that the apparatus for tempering has at least one tempering blade (2) or one tempering cylinder, wherein the tempering blade (2) or the tempering cylinder is embodied as hollow and has a tempering blade nozzle edge (6) or a plurality of tempering cylinders arranged in a row, wherein in the nozzle edge (6) at least one nozzle (10) is provided, which is aimed at and article to be tempered, wherein at least seven tempering blades are arranged in such a way that the flow pattern on the surface to be tempered forms a honeycomb-like structure, characterised in that a moving device (16) is provided, with which the tempering blade(s) (2) are susceptible to be moved with the tempering blade frame (8) and the fluid supply box (15) across a body to be tempered or with which the body to be tempered susceptible to be moved relative to the tempering blades (2) so that a swinging or oscillating movement relative to each other can be produced, so that the tempering blade and/or the tempering cylinder and/or the tempering apparatus has devices with which the apparatus is equipped so that it is able to swing or oscillate around the X, Y, or Z axis.
  2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a plurality of tempering blades (2) is provided, which are arranged in parallel to and spaced apart from one another.
  3. The apparatus according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the tempering blades (2) are respectively offset from one another by half the distance between the nozzles (10) at the nozzle edge (6).
  4. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tempering blade(s) (2) has or have a tempering blade base (3), tempering blade broad sides (4), tempering blade narrow sides (5) and respectively one nozzle edge (6), wherein the nozzle edge (6) and the tempering blade broad sides (4) and the tempering blade narrow sides (5) delimit a cavity (7), and that the tempering blade(s) is/are placed together with the tempering sword base (3) in or on a tempering blade frame (8), wherein the tempering blade frame (8) can be placed onto a fluid box (15) for purposes of fluid supply.
  5. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the following conditions are valid:
    Hydraulic diameter of nozzle = DH, wherein DH = 4 x A / U
    distance of nozzle from body = H
    distance between two tempering blades / cooling cylinders = S
    length of nozzle = L
    L >= 6 x DH
    H <= 6 x DH, esp. 4 to 6 x DH
    S <= 6 x DH, exp. 4 to 6 x DH (staggered array)
    oscillation equals half of the spacing distance between two tempering blades in X, Y (poss. Z)
  6. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the devices for moving the apparatus could use an oscillation speed of 0.25 seconds per cycle.
  7. A method for tempering articles that are to be tempered, in particular a method for the homogeneous and contactless tempering of hot, primarily non-endless surfaces, using an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the tempering apparatus (1) and an object with a hot surface are moved relative to each other, wherein the tempering apparatus (1) has at least two tempering blades (2) arranged in parallel to and spaced apart from one another, wherein the tempering blades (2) have the a nozzle edge (6) with nozzles (10) in the direction of the object to be tempered, wherein a tempering fluid is guided through the nozzles (10) onto the surface of the object to be tempered and the tempering fluid flows into the space between the blades (2) after contacting the hot surface, wherein the tempering blade and/or the tempering cylinder or the apparatus for tempering has or have devices, with which the apparatus is embodied susceptible to be swung or oscillating around the X-, Y-, or Z-axe.
EP16727320.0A 2015-05-29 2016-05-18 Method for the homogeneous non-contact temperature control of non-endless surfaces which are to be temperature-controlled, and device therefor Active EP3302837B1 (en)

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DE102015108514.3A DE102015108514A1 (en) 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 A method of homogeneous, non-contact cooling of hot, non-continuous surfaces and apparatus therefor
DE102015113056.4A DE102015113056B4 (en) 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Method for the contactless cooling of steel sheets and device therefor
PCT/EP2016/061102 WO2016192994A1 (en) 2015-05-29 2016-05-18 Method for the homogeneous non-contact temperature control of non-endless surfaces which are to be temperature-controlled, and device therefor

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EP16724376.5A Active EP3303642B1 (en) 2015-05-29 2016-05-18 Method for contactlessly cooling steel sheets and device therefor
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MX2017015330A (en) 2018-08-28

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