DE102017111991B4 - Device for cooling hot, plane objects - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling device for metallic objects, wherein there is at least one device, the device comprising a cooling block (2), the cooling block having a face (3) from which exit and entry nozzles open, the exit and entry nozzles being arranged in rows , wherein the outlet and inlet nozzles are connected in the block with corresponding feed paths (10) and discharge paths (11), so that from the outlet openings (8) escaping fluid preferably gas through the inlet openings (9) get back into the block and in particular sucked into it can be formed, wherein in the block with the openings (8, 9) columnar nozzle body (8, 9) are formed, wherein the nozzle body in a cavity (7) of the block (2) are arranged and the cavity with a feed opening (14) and a discharge opening (15) is formed such that the columnar body is surrounded by a cooling medium, in particular a cooling liquid n can.

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cooling hot, planar objects, such as steel blanks and / or steel strips after passing through a heat treatment.

In particular, the invention relates to a cooling system for endless belts.

In the production of metallic sheets, it is common to produce these sheets in that a so-called Branne is rolled in several stages to a thin strip. This will be explained in detail with reference to the production of steel sheet.

To produce steel sheet, a billet weighing several tons, which corresponds to a portion of a strand of cast continuously steel, heated in an oven to a high rolling temperature and then first rolled in a so-called reversing roughing to a steel strip, the thickness of the slab clearly is reduced and thereby at the same time the slab significantly increases in length. Subsequently, such a pre-rolled steel strip passes through a so-called hot strip mill, in which a so-called heavy plate is rolled out of the pre-rolled slab. This plate then has a length of several hundred meters and is wound up at the end of the rolling process to a so-called coil, so a cylindrical steel collar.

This steel collar is either supplied to the further processing or produced from this hot strip or plate cold strip or sheet, for which this plate is fed to a cold rolling mill and in this again significantly reduced in thickness and thus elongated very strong. On the cold rolling line, the strip is reduced in thickness in several stages until it has a final thickness of, for example, 0.6 to 1.2 mm. Also this cold strip or sheet is usually wound up to a steel collar or coil at the end of the process.

This is followed by processes in which heat is often applied to the belt. One such process is, for example, hot dip galvanizing or fire aluminizing. These processes are so-called continuous processes in which not single coils are passed through and then another coil is fed into the system, but the end of a coil is welded to the beginning of the next coil, so that the new coil with or from the quasi old coil is pulled through the plant. Especially with hot dip galvanizing systems, it is important that no interruptions occur, otherwise a steel strip would have to be re-threaded, which is an immense effort. After the hot-dip galvanizing, a heat treatment follows, whereby such a heat treatment can take place in several stages and also at different temperatures, depending on what the result of the heat treatment is supposed to be.

To remove stresses from steel sheets or steel strips and to take over a heat treatment on the structure influence, so-called continuous annealing is known in which the steel strip passes through a heat treatment stage, here apply the same mechanical conditions as for hot dip galvanizing, namely that each coil is re-threaded, but the coils are welded together and separated at the end of the process at the weld again.

All these continuous processes are referred to as endless processes, because there is no interruption due to the welding together of the strips, unless there are interruptions in operation or the system is disturbed.

Such endless, hot tapes are usually also subjected to cooling and in particular a defined cooling, because even on the cooling effect on the structure or the surface can be taken.

In order to cool such an endless, hot steel strip, different cooling methods are known from the prior art.

From the US 2011/0018178 A1 For example, there is known a method of influencing the temperature of a moving belt by spraying a gas or a gas-water mixture onto the belt with a plurality of gas or gas-water jets on the surface of the band and are arranged so that the impact areas of the beams are irradiated on the steel strip from both sides in the manner of a two-dimensional network. In this case, the impact points of the beams should be offset from a cooling device of the upper side to a cooling device of the lower side so that the impact areas differ.

From the DE 698 33 424 T2 is a heat treatment method and a corresponding device for heating / cooling or drying a steel strip by blowing a gas jet on the steel strip known, said apparatus having a plurality of nozzles, the columnar at a Device are arranged on the steel strip, in particular from both sides, is acted upon.

From the US 5,871,686 there is known a cooling device, in particular for steel belts, the device comprising a chamber containing a pressurized gas, there being a plurality of fins forming tubes, each fin having at least one gas outlet facing the steel strip and so a gas can lead to the steel band. In particular, the fins are designed as cooling blades and act on both sides of a steel strip, which is to be prevented by tension rollers from fluttering during processing.

From the WO 2007 / 014406A1 A device is known for cooling a metal strip having at least two opposing nozzle fields with respect to the metal strip continuously conveyed in its longitudinal direction, comprising nozzles directed against the respective strip surface and connected to blow boxes for a cooling gas, and with flow channels provided between the nozzles for discharging , which deflected at the wall surface cooling gas flows from the nozzles. The nozzles can be summarized in groups with side-by-side parallel rows of nozzles consisting of the gas ducts connected to blow boxes directed against the respective wall surface, distributed over the length of the nozzle strips nozzle openings, the flow channels for discharging the cooling gas flows between the transverse to the blow boxes extended nozzle strips are provided.

The known cooling devices in the prior art for endless belts are on the one hand designed for a high throughput, but have the disadvantage that a really defined cooling is not possible.

The object of the invention is to provide a system for cooling of flat objects, which allows a more effective and accurate cooling.

The object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a system for cooling planed objects which enables more effective and accurate cooling, particularly from both sides of the article.

The object is achieved with a cooling system having the features of claim 5.

Advantageous developments are characterized in the dependent claims.

It is moreover an object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing the cooling device with which the cooling device can be manufactured in one piece and without problems of tightness or fitting.

The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 9.

The cooling device according to the invention is a cooling block with nozzle bores, through which a first cooling fluid can preferably escape a cooling gas, wherein outlet openings for the first cooling fluid are present and for generating a defined flow on the surface and inlet or suction, wherein the openings within than otherwise hollow cooling block are arranged so that they can be flowed around by a second cooling fluid, preferably a cooling liquid, so that the outflowing first cooling fluid can be cooled.

The cooling media or cooling fluids used are air gases, mixed gases but also water or other fluids. If only one of these fluids is mentioned below, this is representative of all these fluids mentioned.

The cooling of the cooling medium also causes a cooling of the cooling device itself, thereby inhomogeneities in the temperature control due to the radiation energy is suppressed by a heated cooling device and a targeted, homogeneous tempering is possible.

Advantageously, the device is produced in the so-called additive manufacturing process, suitable processes being, for example, selective laser sintering or selective laser melting, and in particular heat-resistant steel alloys or a ceramic being considered as material, which are processed here in powder form. In this case, the additive manufacturing offers the advantage that this device would otherwise only be produced by cast steel, but because of the closed cavity through which cooling fluid flows, an at least two-part casting mold would have to be produced. However, the assembly of the castings leads to leaks problems, since intermediate layers would be necessary, which are unnecessary in the present process, because the component is constructed homogeneously.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the geometry of the nozzles can be configured as desired and a very contoured creation of the nozzles is made possible, which can increase the efficiency of the cooling again.

To the objects to be cooled, the device has a flat surface, which preferably corresponds at least to the width of a passing steel strip. In a second preferred embodiment, the device is dimensioned so that a board to be cooled is at least covered. Preferably, this surface is not formed metallic shiny or reflective, but has a dark, especially black coating. In particular, the component is formed after the finishing of the flat metallic surface with a black layer, which black layer may also be formed of a ceramic. In particular, however, the layer may also be formed by diffusing or depositing a ceramic layer into the surface in conventional PVD processes, in particular, for example, a silicon carbide layer which is inherently black. In addition, possible methods, such as black chrome are possible. In principle, all PVD methods are suitable and all layers are suitable which produce the least possible reflective, matt, dark to black surface. In addition, such hard coatings can also protect against damage.

In contrast to the prior art, the distance of the cooling device to a sheet to be cooled is very small and is only 5 to 50 mm, to ensure that a maximum good cooling effect and a maximum good impact of the gas jets is achieved. In this case, the nozzles are in particular designed so that a turbulent flow results. The distance between the cooling device and the object to be cooled should preferably be about 4 to 8 times the hydraulic diameter of the outlet nozzles. In particular, this diameter may be between 0.5 and 5 mm, more preferably between 1 and 3 mm.

The first and second cooling fluids may have different temperatures, depending on the object to be cooled and the desired target temperature. Ie. The cooling fluid can also be several hundred degrees Celsius hot.

The inventive arrangement of the nozzles and in particular the suction or exhaust nozzles, a wide cross-flow is prevented on the plate and achieved a homogeneity of the cooling over the entire width of the belt of ± 10 Kelvin. The emissivity ε of the surface should be greater than 0.8, preferably greater than 0.9, in particular as close as possible 1 be.

The surface to be cooled or even the device itself can be moved by means of robots or linear drives in the X or Y plane relative to each other, wherein any specification of the movement trajectories and speeds of the surfaces to be cooled is possible. In this case, the oscillation around a rest position in the X and Y plane is preferred.

The oscillation of the cooling device relative to the metallic object to be cooled (or vice versa) is preferably carried out in the frequency range from 2 to 5 Hz, more preferably 3 Hz.

Similarly, a one- or two-sided cooling is readily possible.

The columnar nozzle channels can have a cylindrical or other cross-section, wherein the cross section of the nozzle can also be adapted to desired cross-currents and oval, flat wing-like, polygonal or similar.

The length of the nozzles may be between 8 to 12 times the hydraulic diameter of the nozzles, preferably 10 times the hydraulic diameter.

The geometry of the nozzle openings or the outflow openings of the nozzles ranges from simple circular geometries to complex geometrically defined designs.

Preferably, the nozzles or rows of nozzles are arranged offset to one another, so that the nozzle body are arranged offset from one another so that the nozzles form a staggered or other pattern. This is especially true for bilateral cooling and for the arrangement of the nozzle or nozzle rows of the top to those of the bottom.

Furthermore, the suction nozzles arranged around the outlet nozzle may preferably be arranged in a rectangular or hexagonal form, this arrangement offering an advantage with regard to the flow pattern on the body to be cooled, especially in the case of cooling on both sides.

In the system, it is advantageous that, due to the re-cooling of the first cooling fluid, after it is re-aspirated by the second cooling fluid, the temperature of the parts (valves, lines) carrying the first fluid is reduced.

In the case of the invention, it is also advantageous that a metallic object can be cooled very reliably over its entire area or partially in sections, with high reliability and speed.

• 1: die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung als Kühlblock, wobei der Kühlblock nach oben nicht geschlossen ist in isometrischer Darstellung;
• 2: eine Draufsicht auf die Arbeitsfläche des Kühlblocks;
• 3: eine Seitenansicht auf den Kühlblock zeigend die Anschlussöffnungen für zu- und abzuführendes Kühlgas;
• 4: einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Kühlblock entlang der Linie A-A gemäß 3 zeigend die Anordnung der Düsen für das kühlende Gas die von einem Kühlmedium umgeben sind, wobei die Pfeile die Flussrichtung des Kühlmediums angeben;
• 5: einen Diagonalschnitt entsprechend der Linie B-B nach 4 zeigend einen Querschnitt durch den Kühlblock und ein zu kühlendes Blechband, wobei die Pfeile den Gasaustritt aus den Kühldüsen und den Gaseintritt in die Eintrittsöffnungen zeigen.

The invention will be explained by way of example with reference to a drawing. It shows:

• 1 : the device according to the invention as a cooling block, wherein the cooling block is not closed upwards in an isometric view;
• 2 a plan view of the working surface of the cooling block;
• 3 a side view of the cooling block showing the connection openings for the supply and removal of cooling gas;
• 4 a horizontal section through the cooling block along the line AA according to 3 showing the arrangement of the nozzles for the cooling gas which are surrounded by a cooling medium, wherein the arrows indicate the flow direction of the cooling medium;
• 5 : a diagonal cut according to the line BB after 4 showing a cross section through the cooling block and a sheet metal strip to be cooled, wherein the arrows show the gas outlet from the cooling nozzles and the gas inlet into the inlet openings.

The device according to the invention 1 has a box-like cooling block 2 , where the cooling block 2 a flat bottom 3 , a plane parallel to this top 4 as well as side walls 5 , which are each arranged parallel to each other and side walls 6 has, which are also arranged parallel to each other.

The walls 5 and 6 limit a cavity 7 , wherein in the cavity 7 columnar, in particular cylindrical nozzle body 8th and 9 are arranged, wherein the cylindrical nozzle body with the flat surface 3 complete and thus out of the area 3 form exiting openings or nozzles, wherein the cylindrical body 8th . 9 in feed bores 10 or discharge bores 11 flow from a wall 6 extend into the box, wherein the box has a thickened top 4 forms, so that approximately in relation to the extent of the height only half of the box is hollow. The nozzle body can in particular advantageously with webs 12 . 13 be connected, the webs 12 . 13 forming a labyrinth within the hollow area of the box ( 4 ) and this labyrinth a flow path 13 for a the nozzle body 8th . 9 flowing around cooling fluid.

To supply the cooling fluid is a supply port 14 provided as well as a discharge opening 15 ,

The outlet of the cylindrical nozzles in the flat surface 3 or the nozzles 8th . 9 are preferably arranged so that they are arranged in successive rows, wherein rows of inlet openings 9 or inlet nozzles 9 and rows of outlet nozzles 8th offset from each other, so always an outlet nozzle 8th from 4 inlet nozzles 9 is surrounded at equal intervals.

Preferably, the inlet nozzles 9 arranged so that in the edge areas adjacent to the walls 5 . 6 these inlet nozzles are arranged to cross flow over the walls 5 . 6 to limit beyond.

The box here preferably has the width of a steel strip or is dimensioned so that a plurality of boxes can take the width of a steel strip, so that it can be cooled over its entire surface laterally. If only parts of the tape are to be cooled, it is of course possible, even only parts of the tape 16 ( 5 ) to cool.

Preferably, the cooling box is very close to the steel strip 16 arranged so that optimal cooling and flow distribution is possible.

Since such steel bands during transport in the transport path and can make movements across the transport path and flutter in particular, it is advantageous if the boxes themselves have roles with which they are arranged so movable on the steel strip that these cycles are mitged to damage the Steel bands and / or the surface 3 to prevent. Alternatively or in addition to the above-mentioned measure, the two-sided arrangement can also reduce any influences of flutter and thus avoid damage.

The boxes 2 can also be installed in appropriate devices that are used to steel strip 16 always be at the same distance.

Preferably, the surface is 3 designed to ensure the best possible cooling dark and especially designed black.

This is possible, for example, in that the surface is black-chromed or corresponding layers, in particular by PVD method are applied. For such layers a variety of material compositions is possible, in particular silicon carbide.

In the invention it is advantageous that a very homogeneous cooling of hot metallic objects or a very homogeneous heating of cold metal objects is possible, which is inexpensive and has a high variability in the target temperature and possible throughput times.

In the invention, it is also advantageous that a sheet steel plate or steel strip is brought to its desired target temperature very accurately and with high reliability and speed over its entire area or partially.

In the invention, another advantage is that the following units such as valves can be less subject to temperature and therefore the process can be used in a resource-saving manner for the entire cooling system.

Of course, it is also conceivable to temper both fluids so that a heating can be carried out with the system.

Claims (9)

A cooling device for metallic objects, wherein there is at least one device, the device comprising a cooling block (2), the cooling block having a face (3) from which exit and entry nozzles open, the exit and entry nozzles being arranged in rows , wherein the outlet and inlet nozzles are connected in the block with corresponding feed paths (10) and discharge paths (11), so that from the outlet openings (8) escaping fluid preferably gas through the inlet openings (9) get back into the block and in particular sucked into it can be formed, wherein in the block with the openings (8, 9) columnar nozzle body (8, 9) are formed, wherein the nozzle body in a cavity (7) of the block (2) are arranged and the cavity with a feed opening (14) and a discharge opening (15) is formed such that the columnar body is surrounded by a cooling medium, in particular a cooling liquid n can. Device after Claim 1 characterized in that a surface (3) of the cooling block (2) assigning a metallic object to be cooled has an emissivity of ε> 0.8, preferably ε> 0.9. Device after Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the surface (3) consists of SiC or coated with SiC, in particular in the PVD process. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet openings of the columnar nozzles in the flat surface (3) and the nozzles (8, 9) are arranged so that they are arranged in successive rows, wherein rows of inlet openings ( 9) and inlet nozzles (9) and rows of outlet nozzles (8) are arranged offset to one another, so that always an outlet nozzle (8) is surrounded by four inlet nozzles (9) at equal intervals. System for cooling metallic objects, in particular for cooling both sides of metallic objects with a cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of heat sinks in particular on both sides of an object to be cooled, in particular a steel sheet (16) are arranged, wherein the suction nozzles rectangular or hexagonal are arranged and the nozzles of the opposite heat sink offset from one another. Cooling system after Claim 5 , characterized in that the distance of the surface (3) to the object to be cooled (16) is constant and in particular 5 to 50 mm. Cooling system after Claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that the distance is in particular 4 to 8 times the hydraulic diameter of the openings of the nozzle body. Use of a cooling system according to one of Claims 5 to 7 or a cooling device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 for cooling metallic objects, in particular steel sheets, in particular steel sheets, which undergo continuous heat treatment as steel strips. Method for producing a heat sink according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the cooling device us in particular the cooling block is manufactured in one piece in additive manufacturing processes and in particular by selective laser melting.

Images