EP3281721A1 - Procédé de fixation d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage auto-poinconnant et dispositif de fabrication - Google Patents

Procédé de fixation d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage auto-poinconnant et dispositif de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3281721A1
EP3281721A1 EP17177574.5A EP17177574A EP3281721A1 EP 3281721 A1 EP3281721 A1 EP 3281721A1 EP 17177574 A EP17177574 A EP 17177574A EP 3281721 A1 EP3281721 A1 EP 3281721A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punch
force
rivet
components
gradient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17177574.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3281721B1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Woelke
Oliver Ebinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3281721A1 publication Critical patent/EP3281721A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3281721B1 publication Critical patent/EP3281721B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/28—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B21J15/285—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for controlling the rivet upset cycle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for connecting at least two components by means of a punch rivet, a computing unit for its implementation and a production device with a punch riveting.
  • Punching riveting methods are used for connecting at least two components that are in particular flat in a connecting region (joining partner).
  • a punch riveting method is characterized in that a pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Rather, a rivet is pressed by means of a punch or a punch tool in the at least two components, being ensured by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example.
  • a die which cooperates with the punch tool, that the rivet or the components in a certain Deforming manner to produce a positive and positive connection between the components.
  • a so-called ultrasonic punch riveting method in which a vibration generator, such as an ultrasonic generator, is used to cause one or more components to vibrate when connecting the components.
  • a vibration generator such as an ultrasonic generator
  • the expended force is reduced to push the rivet.
  • a method for connecting at least two components by means of a punch riveting device, a computing unit for carrying it out and a production device having the features of the independent patent claims.
  • Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
  • a method according to the invention serves for connecting at least two components by means of a punch riveting device.
  • the at least two components are arranged between a punch and a counter holder, a rivet arranged between the punch and a component of the at least two components arranged rivet is pressed by means of the punch in the at least two components by the punch is acted upon by a force.
  • a gradient of the force is determined at least temporarily. It may be a temporal gradient, i. Force per time, or around a local gradient, i. Power per way, act.
  • a force may be used as a function of the position or travel of the punch for a quality evaluation of the punch riveting process. In this case, for example, it can be examined whether the force course moves within certain limit values, for example a so-called envelope curve.
  • limit values for example a so-called envelope curve.
  • When connecting components made of brittle material by means of a punch riveting method it may be due to the exertion of force to defects, such as cracks, in one or more of the components, but also in the rivet, come.
  • the occurrence of such a defect leads to certain short-term fluctuations in the force exerted on the stamp or the components, as, for example, one of the components yields.
  • such fluctuations are usually relatively small, so that such fluctuations in the context of monitoring the force curve with respect to the mentioned limits are usually not recognized. This is because such limits should allow for some variation within which a punch riveting operation should still be deemed to be in order.
  • the gradient of the force is determined, it is particularly advantageous and very easy to detect defects, in particular cracks, in the components or the rivet, since such a defect causes a brief, jerky movement of the component Stamp, which is recognizable as a rapid change of power and thus steep gradient.
  • brittle materials in which the proposed method is particularly advantageous applicable come, for example, aluminum-magnesium casting, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP), 7xxx-aluminum sheet, magnesium sheet or titanium sheet in question ,
  • the detection of the defect is preferably carried out on the basis of a comparison of the gradient of the force with at least one threshold, which is predetermined in particular as a function of the at least two components and / or the rivet and / or the counter-holder.
  • threshold values can be selected, for example, on the basis of test values or empirical values. It can then be detected, for example, for a defect if the gradient (in terms of amount) exceeds the threshold value. It can be taken into account that, for example, it is only possible to start from a defect at a certain value of the gradient. It is also understood that such threshold values are material-dependent and therefore, for example, can also be newly specified or set with each new use of the punch riveting tool, and thus can be specified by a user.
  • the thickness of the components to be connected are relevant. It is also conceivable that the use of different threshold values makes a distinction between different types of defects and / or defects on different components, for example, a component and the rivet.
  • the gradient of the force is associated with an associated punch riveting process and in particular stored on a storage medium.
  • This makes documentation of the riveting process and its quality possible ("logbook function"). For example. In this way defects can later easily be found or explained. In addition, such documentation is often required for industrial applications. It may also be expedient to perform the linking and storage only if a defect has been detected. This avoids unnecessary generation of data. It is also possible in this way to determine a total number of defects occurring during a certain period of time, as a result of which, for example, conclusions can be drawn about the quality of the components or rivets used.
  • a detected defect on display means for example.
  • a display is displayed.
  • a defect can be detected quickly and the corresponding components or the rivet can be sorted out.
  • an acoustic signal indicating the detection of a defect.
  • a further method and / or a further quality parameter is used for a quality evaluation of an associated punch riveting operation and / or a connection of the at least two components produced in this punch riveting process.
  • the method or the quality characteristic can be, for example, a force-displacement or force-time curve, as mentioned above.
  • a quality assessment of the entire punch riveting process can be carried out, which in particular also allows an evaluation of other or additional factors of the punch riveting process in addition to the detection of defects.
  • redundant evaluation criteria are possible. Two redundant evaluation criteria are often required for reasons of process reliability.
  • the gradient of the force during at least one selected time and / or path range is determined during the indentation of the rivet.
  • the time or distance ranges can be selected in which experience has shown that defects or cracks are to be expected. Thus, no monitoring of the entire punch riveting process is necessary.
  • the gradient of the force is determined during the entire time period or during the entire path of the indentation of the rivet.
  • a higher probability of detecting a defect can be achieved, in particular if, for example, a defect occurs at an unusual position or at an unusual time.
  • the gradient of the force is determined by means of a time-dependent or path-dependent scanning.
  • the force can be detected, for example, with a certain frequency, so that the gradient can be determined.
  • the force can be detected, for example, after each covering a certain distance by the punch, for example. Every 5 microns.
  • a low feed rate can be taken into account insofar as only a small amount of data is obtained.
  • attention should be paid to a suitable frequency, for example 50 or 100 kHz, so that no excessive amount of data is obtained, but nevertheless a sufficiently accurate detection of a gradient and thus detection of a defect is possible.
  • At least one component involved in pressing in the rivet is vibrated when pressed in by means of a vibration generator.
  • a vibration generator In this way, a particularly simple production of the rivet connection is possible, at the same time less force is required for pressing the rivet. It should be noted, however, that the detection of a defect can be used both in a conventional punch riveting process without vibration coupling and in a vibration injection-molded punch riveting method.
  • This component may in particular be the rivet, the punch, the counter-holder and / or at least one of the at least two components.
  • both heat can be generated, which simplifies the riveting process, as well as a necessary force on the rivet for impressing into the components can be reduced.
  • the stamp can be coupled directly to the vibrator or even be part of the vibrator. Nevertheless, in addition or alternatively, other of said components may be vibrated to enhance the riveting process.
  • vibration generator is in particular a sound generator, in particular an ultrasonic generator, in question. This is a simple method for vibration generation.
  • a production device has a punch rivet device with a punch, a counter-holder and in particular a vibration generator, and an arithmetic unit according to the invention.
  • the manufacturing device also has display means, which are in particular configured to display the gradient of the force and / or a detection of a defect.
  • An arithmetic unit according to the invention e.g. a control unit or a control unit for a punch riveting device is, in particular programmatically, arranged to perform a method according to the invention.
  • Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are in particular magnetic, optical and electrical memories, such as e.g. Hard drives, flash memory, EEPROMs, DVDs, etc. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 is simplified and schematically shown a manufacturing device 100 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the production device 100 may be, for example, an industrial robot in a production hall, for example for an automobile body shop.
  • the production device 100 has a carrier structure 3 arranged on a base and two arms 4 and 5 arranged thereon and connected to one another and movable. At the end of the arm 5, a punch rivet 10 according to the invention is arranged, which will be described in more detail below.
  • a computing unit 80 is shown, which is, for example, a control unit for the punch riveting apparatus 10.
  • the arithmetic unit 80 can also be provided as a control unit for the entire production facility, ie in addition to the punch riveting apparatus, in particular also for the control of the movable arms.
  • display means 90 for example a display, are provided on which, for example, current operating parameters of the punch riveting apparatus can be displayed.
  • the element 90 may also be a combined display / input means, eg a touchscreen.
  • FIG. 2 schematically a punch rivet 10 is shown.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a frame 60, which is preferably in the form of a C-frame or C-bracket, on which the individual components are usually arranged in a punch riveting in order to take the desired position to each other.
  • the punch rivet 10 can, for example, on an arm as in FIG. 1 be shown attached.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a punch (or sonotrode) 15, by way of example with a round cross section.
  • the punch 15 is radially surrounded by a (sleeve-shaped) hold-down 16 and arranged movable relative to this in the longitudinal direction.
  • the hold-down is here preferably at a so-called.
  • Nullamplituden gaggang of the punch i. a position of the punch, where the vibration amplitudes are zero or at least as low as possible, fixed by a spring.
  • the punch 15 is coupled to a drive 50, which serves to apply a force F required for pressing in the rivet 20 into the two components 11, 12.
  • the drive 50 can be controlled, for example, by means of the arithmetic unit 80.
  • the force F can, for example, be preset via a desired value and recorded as an actual value.
  • the hold-down 16 is adapted to press against the surface of the die 15 facing member 11 with a hold-down force.
  • a separate drive can be provided.
  • the hold-down may also be coupled (as shown here) to the drive of the punch or to the punch itself, for example by means of a spring.
  • a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged on the stamp 15 and the hold-down 16 opposite side of the two components 11, 12, a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged.
  • the punch 15 and the die 18 are arranged in the vertical direction, as well as the hold-16, movable and movable relative to each other.
  • the hold-down 16 and the die 18 serve to clamp or compress the two components 11, 12 between the hold-down 16 and the die 18 during processing by the punch 15.
  • the rivet 20 here by way of example a half-tubular rivet, preferably consists of a material which is harder than the materials of the two components 11, 12, at least in the region of a rivet shank.
  • the component 11 facing away from, flat top of the rivet is in Active connection arranged with the punch 15, which rests flat against the top of the rivet 20.
  • the punch 15 is provided with a (mechanical) vibrator 30 for generating vibrations, e.g. a converter or piezo converter, operatively connected.
  • a (mechanical) vibrator 30 for generating vibrations, e.g. a converter or piezo converter, operatively connected.
  • the vibration generator 30 ultrasonic vibrations with a vibration amplitude (distance between maximum positive and negative amplitude of a vibration) between 10 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m (corresponding to an amplitude of 5 .mu.m to 55 .mu.m) and a frequency between 15 kHz and 35 kHz or possibly also produced higher.
  • the vibration generator 30 is connected to the arithmetic unit 80 and can be controlled by the latter.
  • the arithmetic unit has for this purpose an electric vibrator, e.g. Function generator, on.
  • the drive 50 may, for example, be a drive with ball, roller or planetary screw drive or the like, which is suitable for applying a force F for pressing in the rivet 20 into the components 11, 12.
  • a holding device 35 On the drive 50, a holding device 35, for example. In the form of a frame or a frame attached.
  • a vibration system 39 which in the present case comprises the vibration generator 30, a booster 31 and the punch or the sonotrode 15, is arranged.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3d is the punch riveting device 10, as in FIG. 2 has been described in more detail in various phases of carrying out a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • a position sensor 40 which is adapted to detect a position or a travel x of the punch 15, is shown by way of example.
  • This position x can be transmitted to the arithmetic unit 80.
  • the position of the punch can also be determined, for example, via the drive of the punch, for example, in a ball screw on a pitch of the thread and a number of revolutions.
  • Phase of the inventive method shown represents a beginning of the Stanznietvons in which the rivet shank 24 comes into operative connection with the top of the component 11.
  • the punch 15 is pressed with the force F against the stamp 15 facing member 11.
  • the rivet shank 24 initially cuts or punches into the component 11.
  • the two components 11, 12 are plastically deformed, wherein the recess 22 of the die 18 facing component 12 is pressed into the recess 22 in the corresponding areas.
  • the rivet shank 24 does not protrude from the component 12 or does not completely penetrate it.
  • FIG. 4 an exemplary force-position course is shown in a punch riveting method.
  • a force F is plotted against a position or a path x.
  • F (x) is a course of a force F, which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, indicated as a function against the position x of the punch during pressing.
  • F (x) is a course of a force F, which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, indicated as a function against the position x of the punch during pressing.
  • F (x) is a course of a force F, which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, indicated as a function against the position x of the punch during pressing.
  • an envelope with the threshold or limit values G 11 and G 21 is drawn in which identify maximum or minimum permissible values for the force F or the function F (x). For example. For example, riveting operations in which the function F (x) exceeds or exceeds the limit values can be rejected as being too low quality.
  • threshold values G 12 and G 22 are shown, which lie within the envelope with the limit values G 11 and G 21 . These threshold values can serve, for example, as a warning curve, so that, for example, if these threshold values are exceeded or exceeded, a corrective action can be initiated or the associated riveted connection can be classified as problematic.
  • a window 301 is shown, which indicates by way of example a process-relevant location, here an end position. In such a window, further threshold values to be observed can be defined.
  • path section ⁇ x 1 and ⁇ x 2 are shown, during which the determination of the gradient of the force F can be made, which is determined in the present example as a local gradient.
  • the path section ⁇ x 1 comprises only a part of the entire path in which, for example, a defect is most likely to occur.
  • the path section ⁇ x 2 covers the entire path from the beginning of the punch riveting process to the end.
  • FIG. 5 is the cut out FIG. 4 in which the irregularity occurs in the course F (x) is shown enlarged.
  • dF denotes the decrease of the force F during the path section dx.
  • dF / dx there is a (local) gradient dF / dx here. It is understood that the determination of the gradient can also take place with a higher resolution, as was explained in the introduction, while the gradient is shown here merely as an example.
  • a decrease dF ' is shown, which, for example, can correspond to a threshold value dF' / dx of the gradient. If this threshold value dF '/ dx is exceeded in terms of amount, it can be assumed, for example, that a defect has occurred.
  • this gradient and the comparison with the threshold value can now be carried out in addition to the determination of the profile F (x) during the punch riveting process (or a portion thereof) by means of the arithmetic unit 80. It is understood that the gradient can be determined not only path-dependent but also time-dependent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
EP17177574.5A 2016-08-11 2017-06-23 Procédé de fixation d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage auto-poinconnant et dispositif de fabrication Active EP3281721B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016214943.1A DE102016214943A1 (de) 2016-08-11 2016-08-11 Verfahren zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels einer Stanznietvorrichtung und Fertigungseinrichtung

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EP3281721A1 true EP3281721A1 (fr) 2018-02-14
EP3281721B1 EP3281721B1 (fr) 2021-01-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3546084A1 (fr) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-02 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de liaison d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage et dispositif de rivetage
WO2021013622A1 (fr) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-28 Tox Pressotechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de surveillance de processus lors de l'assemblage d'au moins deux pièces au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage avec une pince d'assemblage, et dispositif comprenant un appareil de commande mis au point pour mettre en œuvre un procédé de ce type

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019005076A1 (de) 2019-07-19 2020-01-09 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile, Steuergerät sowie Fertigungseinrichtung

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US20040148761A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2004-08-05 Nobuharu Naito Method and apparatus for detecting setting defects in self-piercing rivet setting machine
US20040226159A1 (en) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 Gary Harlow Method for installing blind threaded inserts
DE102005019258A1 (de) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-02 Junkers, Holger, Dipl.-Ing.(FH) Verfahren zur Schraubstellenanalyse und zum streckgrenzengesteuerten Anziehen von Schraubverbindungen unter Einsatz intermittierend arbeitender Schraubwerkzeuge
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EP2590762A1 (fr) * 2010-07-07 2013-05-15 Newfrey LLC Procédé de jonction
EP2623952A1 (fr) 2012-02-03 2013-08-07 Hartmut Pabst Procédé et dispositif de détection de fissures en surface
EP2318161B1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2014-04-30 Henrob Limited Appareil et procédé d'assemblage
DE102013112363A1 (de) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-13 Hs-Technik Gmbh Verfahren und Nietgerät zum Setzen von Nietelementen
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DE19620782A1 (de) * 1995-06-03 1996-12-05 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schraubverbindung und Vorrichtung hierfür
DE19846463A1 (de) * 1998-10-08 2000-05-11 Masch Und Werkzeugbau Dorothe Verfahren zum Steuern einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere Nietvorrichtung, und eine solche Vorrichtung
US20040148761A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2004-08-05 Nobuharu Naito Method and apparatus for detecting setting defects in self-piercing rivet setting machine
US20040226159A1 (en) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 Gary Harlow Method for installing blind threaded inserts
DE102005019258A1 (de) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-02 Junkers, Holger, Dipl.-Ing.(FH) Verfahren zur Schraubstellenanalyse und zum streckgrenzengesteuerten Anziehen von Schraubverbindungen unter Einsatz intermittierend arbeitender Schraubwerkzeuge
JP2009183975A (ja) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-20 Fukui Byora Co Ltd 打込みリベットかしめにおけるかしめ良否判定方法
EP2318161B1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2014-04-30 Henrob Limited Appareil et procédé d'assemblage
EP2380704A1 (fr) * 2009-01-04 2011-10-26 Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Procédé de commande pour un outil électrique et outil électrique qui exécute le procédé de commande
EP2590762A1 (fr) * 2010-07-07 2013-05-15 Newfrey LLC Procédé de jonction
EP2623952A1 (fr) 2012-02-03 2013-08-07 Hartmut Pabst Procédé et dispositif de détection de fissures en surface
DE102013112363A1 (de) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-13 Hs-Technik Gmbh Verfahren und Nietgerät zum Setzen von Nietelementen
KR20160011060A (ko) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-29 주식회사 성우하이텍 금속 패널의 리벳이음 검사방법

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3546084A1 (fr) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-02 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de liaison d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage et dispositif de rivetage
WO2021013622A1 (fr) * 2019-07-19 2021-01-28 Tox Pressotechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de surveillance de processus lors de l'assemblage d'au moins deux pièces au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage avec une pince d'assemblage, et dispositif comprenant un appareil de commande mis au point pour mettre en œuvre un procédé de ce type
CN114173955A (zh) * 2019-07-19 2022-03-11 Tox机械工程股份有限公司 用于在通过带有接合钳的冲压铆接装置接合至少两个工件时的过程监控的方法，以及带有被设计用于执行这种方法的控制器的装置
JP2022542234A (ja) * 2019-07-19 2022-09-30 トックス・プレッソテヒニック・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンディトゲゼルシャフト 接合トングを備えたセルフピアスリベット装置を使用した少なくとも２つのワークピースの接合を監視するためのプロセス監視方法、および、そのような方法を実行するように設計された制御ユニットを備えた装置

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Publication number Publication date
DE102016214943A1 (de) 2018-02-15
EP3281721B1 (fr) 2021-01-20

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