EP3332886B1 - Procédé et dispositif de surveillance du rivetage avec rivet auto-poinçonneur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de surveillance du rivetage avec rivet auto-poinçonneur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3332886B1
EP3332886B1 EP17200281.8A EP17200281A EP3332886B1 EP 3332886 B1 EP3332886 B1 EP 3332886B1 EP 17200281 A EP17200281 A EP 17200281A EP 3332886 B1 EP3332886 B1 EP 3332886B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound pressure
characteristic
variable
rivet
self
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17200281.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3332886A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Woelke
Martin Dieterle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP3332886A1 publication Critical patent/EP3332886A1/fr
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Publication of EP3332886B1 publication Critical patent/EP3332886B1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/02Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025Setting self-piercing rivets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/12Riveting machines with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/28Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B21J15/285Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for controlling the rivet upset cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a production device with an arrangement for monitoring a punch riveting device, in which at least one component participating in the pressing of a rivet into components to be connected is set in vibration upon pressing, and a production device with such an arrangement.
  • Riveting serve to connect at least two in a connection region in particular flat trained components (joint partner).
  • a punch riveting method is characterized, for example, by the fact that pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Instead, a rivet is pressed into the at least two components by means of a joining tool comprising a punch, it being possible to ensure that the rivet or the components by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example in the form of a die, which cooperates with the joining tool deform in a certain way to produce a positive and positive connection between the components.
  • a so-called ultrasonic punch riveting method in which a vibration generator, such as an ultrasonic generator, is used to cause one or more components to vibrate when connecting the components.
  • a vibration generator such as an ultrasonic generator
  • the expended force is reduced to push the rivet.
  • a method according to the invention serves to monitor a punch rivet device which serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during which during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet into the at least two components is set in vibration by means of a vibration generator.
  • a punch rivet device generally has a joining tool with a punch, by means of which the rivet is pressed into the components.
  • a drive is provided, by means of which a necessary force for introducing the rivet on the joining tool can be exercised.
  • a counter-holder for example in the form of a die, is also provided on the side of the at least two components opposite the joining tool.
  • a vibration generator is in particular a sound generator, in particular an ultrasonic generator, into consideration.
  • the rivet and / or the punch and / or the counter-holder and / or at least one of the at least two components come into consideration as the at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet which is set in vibration. It is conceivable in the case of the stamp as that component which is vibrated, that the punch is used or designed as sonotrode simultaneously and is connected via a booster with a vibration converter, which in turn is connected to the vibration generator.
  • At least one variable characteristic of a sound pressure is generated determined.
  • a sound pressure and / or a sound pressure level in each case in air, come into consideration as such a characteristic variable.
  • the local distance range it should be noted that the variables mentioned depend on a distance of a corresponding sound-measuring device to the source of the sound, that is to say in particular the oscillated component or other components oscillating thereby.
  • the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure Size near the punch rivet for example, with a maximum distance of 1 m, 2 m or 3 m, is detected.
  • a corresponding evaluation can then also be carried out remotely.
  • a microphone can preferably be used, but other sound measuring devices for detecting the respective size are also conceivable.
  • a determination or evaluation can then take place in a separate evaluation unit.
  • a punch riveter with vibration coupling allows over conventional punch riveting a reduction of the force used to push the rivet, since the impressions is facilitated by the vibrations. Overall, in particular weight can be saved in the punch riveting.
  • the proposed method can now also in such a punch riveting also, for example, a necessary occupational safety, in particular with regard to possible violations of prescribed limits for the sound pressure or the sound pressure level are met, which may possibly occur due to the vibration generation and vibration coupling.
  • the proposed method thus makes it possible to monitor the process noise occurring during operation and also opens up possibilities for countermeasures.
  • a warning message is output and / or an operation of the stamped riveting device is changed, in particular terminated.
  • a conceivable limit value for the sound pressure level is, for example, 85 dB for a customary listening range between, for example, 1 and 20 kHz, as is usually required in production halls.
  • lower limit values are also conceivable, for example 83 dB or 81 dB. This can be automated in particular and thus very quickly.
  • warning messages come here, for example, acoustic and / or visual warning messages into consideration.
  • the measures can also take place only intermittently. A termination of the operation comes in particular as the last stage in Consider, for example, if other measures do not lead to the limit being exceeded. In this way, so the work safety can be guaranteed.
  • a time profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure and / or a progression of the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure with respect to a position of a component used to press in the rivet are determined and in particular also recorded.
  • the stamp is considered as the component used to push in the rivet.
  • the profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure can be used for a quality evaluation of an associated punch riveting operation and / or a connection of the at least two components produced in this punch riveting operation.
  • an assessment and also a subsequent tracking of the connections generated by the punch riveting apparatus are possible.
  • the course of the at least one variable characteristic for the sound pressure is used for a check of a functionality of the punch riveting device or at least one component of the punch riveting device. It is conceivable, for example, that any functional limitations or defects of the drive or the stamp are detected, as this may change the characteristics or the course of the sound pressure or the sound pressure level.
  • the at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure is preferably determined using a sound-measuring device which is arranged on the punch riveting device, in particular on a frame or a setting unit of the punch riveting device.
  • a drive unit and the joining tool possibly also other associated components such as the booster and the vibration generator, can be understood as a set unit.
  • the local distance from the punch riveting device is then zero. In this way it can be achieved that the values for the corresponding size are comparable with one another, since the same distance to the sound source is always used. This is particularly advantageous insofar as the punch riveting apparatus is usually moved during its use, for example by means of a robot arm
  • the detected by the sound measuring device at least one characteristic of the sound pressure size can then preferably wired, for example by means of USB cable, or wireless, for example by means of Bluetooth or WLAN, are transmitted to an evaluation. While at the same time a power supply of the sound-measuring device can be provided in the wired version, exist in the wireless variant more options for the positioning of the sound-measuring device, since no cable must be laid.
  • the sound-measuring device is at least partially supplied by means of energy harvesting with energy for operation.
  • energy harvesting is advantageous in particular in the case of the wireless connection to the evaluation unit, since it is expedient to provide an energy store such as a rechargeable battery or a battery.
  • energy harvesting is to be understood that small amounts of electrical energy from one or more sources such as vibrations, individual impulses or solar energy can be obtained. In this way, a particularly energy-efficient operation is possible.
  • the arrangement for monitoring the punch rivet device serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing the rivet into the at least two components when pressing in by means of a Vibration generator is set in oscillation.
  • a sound-measuring device for detecting at least one characteristic of a sound pressure size within a NASAstimm The local distance range is set by the punch riveting device, and an evaluation unit is provided for the detected variable, which is at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure.
  • This production device preferably also has means suitable for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is simplified and schematically illustrated a manufacturing device 100 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the production device 100 may be, for example, an industrial robot in a production hall, for example for an automobile body shop.
  • the production device 100 has a carrier structure 3 arranged on a base and two arms 4 and 5 arranged thereon and connected to one another and movable. At the end of the arm 5, a punch rivet 10 is arranged, which will be described in more detail below.
  • a computing unit 80 is shown, which is, for example, a control unit for the joining device 10.
  • the arithmetic unit 80 may also be used as a control unit for the entire manufacturing facility, i. be provided in addition to the punch riveting especially for the control of the movable arms.
  • display means 90 for example a display, are provided on which, for example, current operating parameters of the punch riveting apparatus can be displayed.
  • the element 90 may also be a combined display / input means, e.g. a touchscreen, act.
  • a sound-measuring device 81 for detecting at least one characteristic of a sound pressure size at the punch riveting 10 is arranged. Values detected by the sound measuring device 81 can be transmitted to the arithmetic unit 80, which at the same time comprises or represents an evaluation unit by means of which the detected values can be evaluated.
  • FIG. 2 schematically a punch rivet 10 is shown.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a frame 60, which is preferably in the form of a C-frame or C-bracket, on which the individual components are usually arranged in a punch riveting apparatus in order to be able to assume the desired position relative to one another.
  • the punch rivet 10 for example, on an arm as in FIG. 1 be shown attached.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a punch (or sonotrode) 15, by way of example with a round cross section.
  • the punch 15 is radially surrounded by a (sleeve-shaped) hold-down 16 and arranged movable relative to this in the longitudinal direction.
  • the hold-down is fastened by means of a spring on the punch 15.
  • the punch 15 and the hold-down 16 form a joining tool 70.
  • the punch 15 is coupled to a drive 50, which serves to apply a force F required to press the rivet 20 into the two components 11, 12.
  • the drive 50 can be controlled, for example, by means of the computing unit 80.
  • the hold-down 16 is adapted to press against the surface of the die 15 facing member 11 with a hold-down force.
  • a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged on the stamp 15 and the hold-down 16 opposite side of the two components 11, 12, a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged.
  • the punch 15 and the die 18 are arranged in the vertical direction, as well as the hold-16, movable and movable relative to each other.
  • the hold-down 16 and the die 18 serve to clamp or compress the two components 11, 12 between the hold-down 16 and the die 18 during processing by the punch 15.
  • the rivet 20 here by way of example a half-tubular rivet, preferably consists of a material which is harder than the materials of the two components 11, 12, at least in the region of a rivet shank.
  • the component 11 facing away from the flat top of the rivet is arranged in operative connection with the punch 15, which rests flat against the top of the rivet 20.
  • the punch 15 is connected to a (mechanical) vibration converter 30, which can be excited via a vibration generator 32, in particular an ultrasonic generator, for generating vibrations.
  • a vibration generator 32 in particular an ultrasonic generator
  • ultrasonic vibrations with an amplitude (distance between the maximum positive and negative amplitude of a vibration) between 10 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m (corresponding to an amplitude of 5 .mu.m to 55 .mu.m) and a frequency between 15 kHz and 35 kHz or possibly higher generated ,
  • These vibrations are coupled by the oscillation converter 30 via a booster 31 and the punch 15 in the rivet 20.
  • the drive 50 may be, for example, a drive with ball, roller or planetary screw drive or the like, which is suitable for pressing a force F of the rivet 20 in the components 11, 12 apply.
  • the booster 31 and above the vibration converter 32 and the joining tool 70 are mounted by means of a holding device 35. Together, the drive 50, the booster 31, the vibration converter 30 and the joining tool 70 form a setting unit 71.
  • the sound measuring device 81 for example a microphone, is arranged on the frame 60 of the punch riveting device 10.
  • a sound pressure or a sound pressure level both variables can be converted into each other
  • a source of sound is here in particular the setting unit 71 or the area in which the rivet 20 rests on the component 11 into consideration.
  • a small distance from the source of the sound is selected by the arrangement of the sound-measuring device 81 shown. It is understood, however, that the sound measuring device can also be positioned or arranged otherwise.
  • the sound measuring device 81 is additionally equipped with a radio module, for example for Bluetooth or WLAN, via which it can communicate with the arithmetic and logic unit 80, which likewise has a radio module.
  • the sound measuring device 81 can, for example, have a battery for energy supply, which can be charged, in particular, by means of the mentioned energy harvesting.
  • FIG. 3 is a curve of a sound pressure level, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment shown.
  • the sound pressure level L p is plotted as a characteristic of the sound pressure over the time t.
  • the sound pressure level increases with the start of an operating phase ⁇ t, in which the vibrator is used to inject vibrations. Accordingly, the sound pressure level decreases again with the end of this operating phase .DELTA.t.
  • the power provided by the vibrator can now be reduced.
  • the operation of the punch riveting apparatus can be terminated. In this way, the work safety can be maintained.
  • a warning message is issued in order to warn people in the vicinity of the punch riveting device so that they can move away from the punch riveting device, for example.
  • FIG. 4 is a curve of a sound pressure, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment shown.
  • the sound pressure p is plotted as a characteristic of the sound pressure value over a position x.
  • the position x can designate the position of the punch relative to a reference position, for example a fixed point on the frame, when the rivet is pressed in.

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de surveillance d'un dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10) qui sert à assembler au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) au moyen d'un rivet (20) et avec lequel, pendant au moins une phase de fonctionnement (Δt), au moins un composant (11, 12, 15, 18, 20) qui participe à l'enfoncement du rivet (20) dans les au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) est mis en vibration lors de l'enfoncement au moyen d'un générateur de vibrations (32),
    caractérisé en ce que pendant l'au moins une phase de fonctionnement (Δt), au moins une grandeur caractéristique d'une pression acoustique (p, Lp) est déterminée au moins temporairement à l'intérieur d'une plage de distance locale prédéterminée du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique comprenant une pression acoustique (p) et/ou un niveau de pression acoustique (Lp), notamment à chaque fois dans l'air.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, un message d'avertissement étant délivré et/ou un fonctionnement du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10) étant modifié, notamment arrêté, lorsque l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) dépasse une valeur limite (Lmax) prédéterminée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, une courbe dans le temps de l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) et/ou une courbe de l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) en référence à une position (x) d'un composant utilisé pour enfoncer le rivet (20) étant déterminée et notamment aussi enregistrée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, la courbe de l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) étant utilisée pour une évaluation e la qualité d'une opération de rivetage auto-perçant associé et/ou d'un assemblage d'au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) produit au cours de cette opération de rivetage auto-perçant.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, la courbe de l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) étant utilisée pour un contrôle d'une aptitude fonctionnelle du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10) ou d'au moins un composant du.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) étant déterminée en utilisant un appareil de mesure du bruit (81) qui est disposé au niveau du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10), notamment au niveau d'un cadre (60) ou d'une unité de pose (7) du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) acquise par l'appareil de mesure du bruit (81) étant transmise par voie filaire ou sans fil à une unité d'interprétation (80).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, l'appareil de mesure du bruit (81) étant alimenté en énergie pour le fonctionnement au moins partiellement au moyen de la récupération d'énergie.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le générateur de vibrations (32) utilisé étant un générateur de bruit, notamment un générateur d'ultrasons.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'au moins un composant qui participe à l'enfoncement du rivet (20) et qui est mis en vibration comportant le rivet (20) et/ou un poinçon (15) et/ou un contrerivoir (18) et/ou au moins l'un des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12).
  12. Appareil de fabrication (100) comprenant un dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10) qui sert à assembler au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) au moyen d'un rivet (20) et avec lequel, pendant au moins une phase de fonctionnement (Δt), au moins un composant (11, 12, 15, 18, 20) qui participe à l'enfoncement du rivet (20) dans les au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) peut être mis en vibration lors de l'enfoncement au moyen d'un générateur de vibrations (32),
    caractérisé par un arrangement de surveillance du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10) au moyen d'un appareil de mesure du bruit (81), lequel est conçu pour acquérir au moins une grandeur caractéristique d'une pression acoustique (p, Lp) à l'intérieur d'une plage de distance locale prédéterminée du dispositif de rivetage auto-perçant (10), et
    une unité d'interprétation (80) pour l'au moins une grandeur caractéristique de la pression acoustique (p, Lp) acquise.
  13. Appareil de fabrication (100) selon la revendication 12, comprenant des moyens qui sont adaptés pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10.
EP17200281.8A 2016-12-06 2017-11-07 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance du rivetage avec rivet auto-poinçonneur Active EP3332886B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016224174.5A DE102016224174A1 (de) 2016-12-06 2016-12-06 Verfahren und Anordnung zum Überwachen einer Stanznietvorrichtung

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EP3332886A1 EP3332886A1 (fr) 2018-06-13
EP3332886B1 true EP3332886B1 (fr) 2019-05-22

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DE (1) DE102016224174A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018113870A1 (de) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-12 Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Setzeinrichtung
JP7342646B2 (ja) * 2019-11-20 2023-09-12 株式会社Ihi 検査方法および検査装置
CN111250963A (zh) * 2020-04-07 2020-06-09 南京航空航天大学 一种复合材料构件机械连接干涉插钉装置及使用方法

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DE19648231A1 (de) * 1996-11-21 1998-05-28 Hahn Ortwin Stanzniete und Verfahren zum Stanznieten
DE19729368A1 (de) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-14 Ortwin Hahn Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum mechanischen Fügen von Blechen, Profilen und/oder Mehrblechverbindungen
DE10056859A1 (de) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Emhart Inc Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur akustischen Qualitätsprüfung von kalten Umformfügeverbindungen
GB2425179A (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-18 Warwickshire Mfg Group Assessing the quality of rivets by evaluating the complex valued electrical impedance of a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer
GB0813883D0 (en) 2008-07-30 2008-09-03 Henrob Ltd Joining apparatus and method
DE102014207708A1 (de) * 2014-04-24 2015-10-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur akustischen Prüfung einer Nietverbindung
DE102015213433A1 (de) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels einer Stanznietvorrichtung und Fertigungseinrichtung
DE102016002172A1 (de) * 2016-02-24 2016-08-04 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Fügen von wenigstens zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere für einen Kraftwagen

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EP3332886A1 (fr) 2018-06-13
DE102016224174A1 (de) 2018-06-07

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