EP3117923B1 - Procédé de liaison d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage et dispositif de fabrication - Google Patents

Procédé de liaison d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage et dispositif de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3117923B1
EP3117923B1 EP16172776.3A EP16172776A EP3117923B1 EP 3117923 B1 EP3117923 B1 EP 3117923B1 EP 16172776 A EP16172776 A EP 16172776A EP 3117923 B1 EP3117923 B1 EP 3117923B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punch
frequency
rivet
profile
component parts
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EP16172776.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3117923A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Woelke
Martin Dieterle
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP3117923A1 publication Critical patent/EP3117923A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/12—Riveting machines with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/28—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B21J15/285—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for controlling the rivet upset cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for connecting at least two components by means of a punch riveting device and a production device with a punch riveting device.
  • Punching riveting methods are used to connect at least two components that are particularly flat in a connection region (joining partner).
  • a punch riveting method is characterized in that a pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Rather, a rivet is pressed by means of a punch or a punch tool in the at least two components, being ensured by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example.
  • a punch or a punch tool in the at least two components, being ensured by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example.
  • the rivet or the components in a certain Deforming manner to produce a positive and positive connection between the components.
  • Ultrasonic punch riveting known, in which a vibration generator, such as. An ultrasonic generator is used to enable one or more components when connecting the components in vibration. By this vibration, for example, the expended force is reduced to push the rivet.
  • a method according to the invention serves for connecting at least two components by means of a punch riveting device.
  • the at least two components are arranged between a punch and a counter-holder, a rivet arranged between the punch and a component of the at least two components arranged rivet is pressed by means of the punch in the at least two components by the punch is acted upon by a force and at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet is vibrated when pressed in by means of a vibration generator.
  • a profile of a frequency of the vibrator is determined during the depression of the rivet.
  • the course of the frequency can be determined, in particular, as being a time course and / or a local course, e.g. the frequency as a function of time and / or the frequency as a function of a position of the stamp.
  • a force as a function of the position of the punch can be used for a quality evaluation of the punch riveting process.
  • it can be examined whether the force course moves within certain limit values, for example a so-called envelope curve.
  • envelope curve In a stamped riveting method, in which a vibration is introduced into the connection region, for example by vibrating the stamp, such a force curve can often only be used with greater effort for a quality evaluation, since the force on the stamp oscillates due to the oscillation.
  • the frequency of the vibrator has no or only small oscillations.
  • Various relevant points in the course of the riveting process are just as easily recognizable as in a force curve in a conventional stamped riveting process.
  • the frequency of the vibrator changes at least slightly despite a set fundamental frequency during the riveting process. These changes can be determined with sufficient accuracy. It is expedient if the determination of the course takes place online or in real time, since then measures can be taken to correct an error even during the riveting operation.
  • the course of the frequency is preferably displayed on display means, in particular graphically.
  • This may preferably be, for example, a display on which the course of the frequency is displayed graphically.
  • This allows a particularly simple and clear representation of the course, for example, for an operator of the punch riveting device, which can thus assess the riveting process very quickly.
  • the course of the frequency is associated with an associated punch riveting process and stored on a storage medium. This makes documentation of the riveting process and its quality possible (“logbook function"). For example. can be easily found or explained in this way later erroneous riveted joints. In addition, such documentation is often required for industrial applications.
  • the course of the frequency is used for a quality evaluation of an associated punch riveting operation and / or a connection of the at least two components produced in this punch riveting process.
  • simple quality assessment is possible by determining the course of the frequency.
  • Such a quality evaluation may, for example, also take place at least partially automatically, so that, for example, an operator of the punch riveting device is automatically informed if a bad or defective rivet connection has been generated.
  • the frequency of the vibration generator is compared with limit values that are specified in particular as a function of the at least two components.
  • limit values can be present, for example, as a so-called envelope, within which the function should run.
  • the limits can be specified accordingly.
  • These limit values can be based, for example, on test measurements.
  • the further method may, for example, be the determination of the force mentioned at the outset as a function of the position of the punch.
  • the force as a function of the position of the punch in punch riveting with vibration coupling may be somewhat more expensive to determine than punch riveting without vibration coupling, so can very easily two redundant method or quality characteristics for quality assessment in punch riveting with vibration coupling available become. Two redundant evaluation criteria are often required for reasons of process reliability.
  • the course of the frequency is easier to determine and assess than this is, for example, often used in punch riveting without vibration coupling as a redundant system load cells and an additional position measuring system. Likewise, this is cheaper and requires less space.
  • the course of the frequency is used for a check of a functionality of the vibration generator.
  • This is particularly possible, for example, in combination with the quality assessment, in which the frequency of the vibration generator is compared with limit values, which are specified in particular as a function of the at least two components. In this way, a very simple way to check the functionality of the vibrator is provided.
  • a total thickness of the at least two components and a length of the rivet are further detected.
  • the process can be stopped before the riveting process begins, for example if the rivet is too long.
  • it can also be detected, for example, in connection with the course of the power, at which relative position of the components the rivet or its tip is currently located.
  • the total thickness of the at least two components and / or the length of the rivet are determined on the basis of the course of the frequency. While this could hitherto be done, for example, on the basis of the force as a function of the position of the punch, this is now very easily possible also via a frequency curve, which already changes upon the first contact of the punch with the rivet element.
  • a sound generator in particular an ultrasound generator, is used as the vibration generator.
  • This is a simple method for vibration generation.
  • a simple detection of the power is possible with a sonic or ultrasonic generator.
  • the at least one component of the punch riveting device involved in pressing in the rivet comprises the rivet, the punch, the counterholder and / or at least one of the at least two components.
  • a vibration By coupling a vibration over various components, both heat can be generated, which simplifies the riveting process, as well as a necessary force on the rivet to be pressed into the components are reduced.
  • the stamp can be coupled directly to the vibrator or even be part of the vibrator. Nevertheless, in addition or alternatively, other of said components may be vibrated to enhance the riveting process.
  • a production device has a punch riveting device with a punch, a counter-holder and a vibration generator, and a computing unit.
  • the production device preferably also has display means which are set up to display the course of the frequency, in particular graphically. Concerning. the advantages of a manufacturing device according to the invention should be made at this point to avoid repetition of the above statements on the method according to the invention.
  • the arithmetic unit of the manufacturing device is, in particular programmatically, configured to perform a method according to the invention.
  • Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are in particular magnetic, optical and electrical memories, such as e.g. Hard drives, flash memory, EEPROMs, DVDs, etc. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 is simplified and schematically shown a manufacturing device 100 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the production device 100 may be, for example, an industrial robot in a production hall, for example for an automobile body shop.
  • the production device 100 has a carrier structure 3 arranged on a base and two arms 4 and 5 arranged thereon and connected to one another and movable. At the end of the arm 5, a punch rivet 10 is arranged, which in the FIGS. 2a to 2d will be described in more detail.
  • a computing unit 80 is shown, which is, for example, a control unit for the punch riveting apparatus 10.
  • the arithmetic unit 80 can also be provided as a control unit for the entire production facility, ie in addition to the punch riveting apparatus, in particular also for the control of the movable arms.
  • display means 90 for example a display, are provided on which, for example, current operating parameters of the punch riveting apparatus can be displayed.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 is shown in various phases of carrying out a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a punch 15, which for example has a round cross section.
  • the punch 15 is radially surrounded by a sleeve-shaped hold-down 16 and arranged movable relative to this in the longitudinal direction.
  • the punch 15 is coupled to a drive, not shown here, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic drive, which serves to apply a force F required to press a rivet 20 into the two components 11, 12.
  • the hold-down 16 is adapted to press against the surface of the die 15 facing member 11 with a hold-down force.
  • a separate drive can be provided.
  • the hold-down can also be coupled to the drive of the punch 15, for example by means of a spring.
  • a counter-acting die 18 is arranged on the stamp 15 and the hold-down 16 opposite side of the two components 11, 12 .
  • the punch 15 and the die 18 are movable relative to each other in the direction of a longitudinal axis 19, in the direction of which also the hold-down 16 are arranged to be movable.
  • the hold-down 16 and the die 18 serve to clamp or compress the two components 11, 12 between the hold-down 16 and the die 18 during processing by the punch 15.
  • the die 18 has, on the side facing the component 12, a planar upper side 21 from which a trough-shaped or recess 22 extends.
  • the rivet 20 preferably consists of a material which is harder than the materials of the two components 11, 12, at least in the region of the rivet shank 24.
  • the planar top side 26 facing away from the component 11 is arranged in operative connection with the ram 15, which is located at the top side 26 of FIG Rivet 20 is flat.
  • the punch 15 is operatively connected to a vibration generator 30 for generating vibrations.
  • a vibration generator 30 for generating vibrations.
  • ultrasonic vibrations having an amplitude (distance between the maximum positive and negative amplitude of a vibration) between 10 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m (or a Amplitude between 5 ⁇ m and 55 ⁇ m) and a frequency between 15 kHz and 35 kHz.
  • vibrations 15 are coupled by the vibrator 30 via the punch 15 in the rivet 20.
  • the coupling-in direction of the vibrations of the vibration generator 30 can take place, for example, parallel to the longitudinal axis 19, that is to say parallel to the joining direction of the rivet 20 into the components 11, 12.
  • the vibration generator 30 is connected to the computing unit 80, so that a power of the vibration generator 30 can be transmitted to the computing unit 80 or that the power can be detected by the computing unit 80.
  • a position sensor 40 which is adapted to detect a position x of the punch 15, is shown by way of example.
  • This position x can be transmitted to the arithmetic unit 80.
  • the position of the punch can also be determined, for example, via the drive of the punch, for example, in a ball screw on a pitch of the thread and a number of revolutions.
  • Phase of the inventive method shown represents a beginning of the Stanznietvons in which the rivet shank 24 comes into operative connection with the top of the component 11.
  • the punch 15 is pressed with the force F against the stamp 15 facing member 11.
  • the rivet shank 24 initially cuts or punches into the component 11.
  • the two components 11, 12 are plastically deformed, wherein the recess 22 facing the component 12 is pressed in the corresponding areas in the recess 22.
  • FIG. 3 an exemplary force-position curve is shown in a punch rivet method without vibration coupling.
  • a force F is plotted against a time t.
  • F (x) is a course of a force F, which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, indicated as a function against the position x of the punch during pressing. It should be noted that here only a relative position x of the stamp is relevant.
  • an envelope is drawn with the limit values G 11 and G 21 , which characterize maximum or minimum permissible values for the force F or the function F (x). For example. For example, riveting operations in which the function F (x) exceeds or exceeds the limit values can be rejected as being too low quality.
  • limit values G 12 and G 22 are shown which lie within the envelope with the limit values G 11 and G 21 .
  • These limit values can, for example, serve as a warning curve, so that, for example, if these limit values are exceeded or exceeded, a corrective action can be initiated or the associated riveted connection can be classified as problematic.
  • a window 301 is shown, which indicates by way of example a process-relevant location, here an end position. In such a window, further limit values to be observed can be defined.
  • FIG. 4a a force-position course and a frequency-position course are shown in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • a frequency f and a force F are plotted against a position x.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • aluminum sheet are used as components to be joined.
  • f 1 (x) a course of a frequency f 1 of a vibration generator, which occurs when the rivet is pressed in, is indicated as a function with respect to the position x of the punch during pressing in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • F 1 (x) is a course of a force F 1 , which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, as a function against the position x of the punch when pressed in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the frequency changes here, for example, at a fundamental frequency of 15 kHz in a range between about 15.08 kHz and 15.34 kHz.
  • the force ranges from 0 kN to approx. 12 kN.
  • the two curves f 1 (x) and F 1 (x) correlate with each other.
  • the beginning and the end of the riveting process can be seen in both courses.
  • FIG. 4b a force-position course and a frequency-position course are shown in a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
  • a frequency f and a force F are plotted against a position x.
  • three aluminum sheets are used as components to be joined.
  • f 2 (x) a course of a frequency f 2 of a vibration generator, which occurs when the rivet is pressed in, is given as a function with respect to the position x of the punch during pressing in a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
  • F 2 (x) is a course of a force F 2 , which is applied to press the rivet on the punch, as a function relative to the position x of the stamp when pressed in a further inventive method in a preferred embodiment.
  • the frequency changes here, for example, at a fundamental frequency of 15 kHz in a range between about 15.10 kHz and 15.55 kHz.
  • the force ranges from 0 kN to approx. 20 kN.
  • the two curves f 1 (x) and F 1 (x) correlate with each other.
  • the beginning and the end of the riveting process can be seen in both courses.
  • the courses over the entire course correlate very strongly.
  • the in the FIGS. 4a and 4b shown frequency curves can be determined, for example, by the frequency is provided by the vibrator as a digital signal available.
  • An evaluation is, for example, by an accurate detection of intervals of trigger times possible.
  • An evaluation may also be carried out by appropriately suitable transducers, which convert the frequency signal into an analog standard signal, for example a voltage or current signal.
  • the associated position can, for example.
  • By means of in FIG. 2a shown position sensor 40 are determined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé d'assemblage d'au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage auto-poinçonneur (10), l'au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) étant disposés entre un poinçon (15) et un contre-appui (18), un rivet (20), disposé entre le poinçon (15) et un élément structural (11) faisant face au poinçon, parmi les au moins deux éléments structuraux étant enfoncé dans les au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) au moyen du poinçon (15) en soumettant le poinçon (15) à une force (F), au moins un composant (11, 12, 15, 18, 20) participant lors de l'enfoncement du rivet (20) étant amené à osciller lors de l'enfoncement au moyen d'un générateur d'oscillations (30), caractérisé en ce qu'une courbe d'une fréquence (f) du générateur d'oscillations (30) pendant l'enfoncement du rivet (20) est déterminée, la courbe de fréquence (f) étant utilisée pour une évaluation de la qualité d'une opération de rivetage auto-poinçonneur associée et/ou d'un assemblage des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) produit dans cette opération de rivetage auto-poinçonneur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, une courbe locale et/ou une courbe dans le temps de la fréquence (f) étant déterminée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, l'évaluation de la qualité s'effectuant en comparant la fréquence (f) du générateur d'oscillations avec des valeurs limites (G'11, G'12), lesquelles sont notamment prédéfinies en fonction des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la courbe de la fréquence (f) étant utilisée en plus d'un autre procédé et/ou d'une autre grandeur caractéristique de qualité (F) pour l'évaluation de la qualité.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la courbe de la fréquence (f) étant utilisée pour vérifier une fonctionnalité du générateur d'oscillations (30).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, une épaisseur totale des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) et une longueur du rivet (20) étant en outre déterminées.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, l'épaisseur totale des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12) et/ou la longueur du rivet (20) étant en outre déterminées à l'aide de la courbe de fréquence (f).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la courbe de fréquence (f) étant représentée, notamment sous forme graphique, sur des moyens d'affichage (90).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la courbe de fréquence (f) étant liée à une opération de rivetage auto-poinçonneur associée et enregistrée sur un support d'enregistrement.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le générateur d'oscillations (30) utilisé étant un générateur de bruit, notamment un générateur d'ultrasons.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'au moins un composant du dispositif de rivetage auto-poinçonneur qui participe lors de l'enfoncement du rivet (20) comprenant le rivet (20), le poinçon (15), le contre-appui (18) et/ou au moins l'un des au moins deux éléments structuraux (11, 12).
  12. Appareil de fabrication (100) possédant un dispositif de rivetage auto-poinçonneur (10) comprenant un poinçon (15), un contre-appui (18) et un générateur d'oscillations (30), et possédant de préférence en outre des moyens d'affichage (90), caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de fabrication (100) possède une unité de calcul qui est conçue pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  13. Programme informatique, qui amène l'unité de calcul (80) de l'appareil de fabrication (100) selon la revendication 12, à mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11 lorsqu'il est exécuté sur l'unité de calcul (80).
  14. Support d'enregistrement lisible par machine sur lequel est enregistré un programme informatique selon la revendication 13.
EP16172776.3A 2015-07-17 2016-06-03 Procédé de liaison d'au moins deux composants au moyen d'un dispositif de rivetage et dispositif de fabrication Active EP3117923B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015213433.4A DE102015213433A1 (de) 2015-07-17 2015-07-17 Verfahren zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels einer Stanznietvorrichtung und Fertigungseinrichtung

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EP3117923A1 EP3117923A1 (fr) 2017-01-18
EP3117923B1 true EP3117923B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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DE102015224784A1 (de) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Stanznietvorrichtung und Stanznietverfahren zum Stanznieten mit einer eine Stempelkraft unterstützenden Schwingung
DE102016224174A1 (de) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zum Überwachen einer Stanznietvorrichtung
DE102017204543A1 (de) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zuführeinrichtung zum zuführen eines stanzniets zu einer stanznietvorrichtung, stanznietvorrichtung zum setzen eines stanzniets mit einer eine stempelkraft unterstützenden schwingung, und verfahren zum stanznieten mit einer solchen stanznietvorrichtung
DE102018205101A1 (de) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels einer Stanznietvorrichtung und Stanznietvorrichtung
DE102019122276A1 (de) * 2019-08-20 2021-02-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Die Erfindung betrifft einen Niederhalter für einen Prozess bei Stanzen und/oder Nieten

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DE19731222C5 (de) * 1997-07-21 2016-10-13 Newfrey Llc Verfahren zum Ausbilden einer Stanznietverbindung sowie eine Fügevorrichtung für Stanzniete
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US7032296B2 (en) * 2003-11-21 2006-04-25 Newfrey Llc Self-piercing fastening system
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DE102015213433A1 (de) 2017-01-19

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