EP3332886B1 - Method and assembly for monitoring self-piercing riveting - Google Patents
Method and assembly for monitoring self-piercing riveting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3332886B1 EP3332886B1 EP17200281.8A EP17200281A EP3332886B1 EP 3332886 B1 EP3332886 B1 EP 3332886B1 EP 17200281 A EP17200281 A EP 17200281A EP 3332886 B1 EP3332886 B1 EP 3332886B1
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- sound pressure
- characteristic
- variable
- rivet
- self
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/12—Riveting machines with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/28—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
- B21J15/285—Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for controlling the rivet upset cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a production device with an arrangement for monitoring a punch riveting device, in which at least one component participating in the pressing of a rivet into components to be connected is set in vibration upon pressing, and a production device with such an arrangement.
- Riveting serve to connect at least two in a connection region in particular flat trained components (joint partner).
- a punch riveting method is characterized, for example, by the fact that pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Instead, a rivet is pressed into the at least two components by means of a joining tool comprising a punch, it being possible to ensure that the rivet or the components by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example in the form of a die, which cooperates with the joining tool deform in a certain way to produce a positive and positive connection between the components.
- a so-called ultrasonic punch riveting method in which a vibration generator, such as an ultrasonic generator, is used to cause one or more components to vibrate when connecting the components.
- a vibration generator such as an ultrasonic generator
- the expended force is reduced to push the rivet.
- a method according to the invention serves to monitor a punch rivet device which serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during which during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet into the at least two components is set in vibration by means of a vibration generator.
- a punch rivet device generally has a joining tool with a punch, by means of which the rivet is pressed into the components.
- a drive is provided, by means of which a necessary force for introducing the rivet on the joining tool can be exercised.
- a counter-holder for example in the form of a die, is also provided on the side of the at least two components opposite the joining tool.
- a vibration generator is in particular a sound generator, in particular an ultrasonic generator, into consideration.
- the rivet and / or the punch and / or the counter-holder and / or at least one of the at least two components come into consideration as the at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet which is set in vibration. It is conceivable in the case of the stamp as that component which is vibrated, that the punch is used or designed as sonotrode simultaneously and is connected via a booster with a vibration converter, which in turn is connected to the vibration generator.
- At least one variable characteristic of a sound pressure is generated determined.
- a sound pressure and / or a sound pressure level in each case in air, come into consideration as such a characteristic variable.
- the local distance range it should be noted that the variables mentioned depend on a distance of a corresponding sound-measuring device to the source of the sound, that is to say in particular the oscillated component or other components oscillating thereby.
- the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure Size near the punch rivet for example, with a maximum distance of 1 m, 2 m or 3 m, is detected.
- a corresponding evaluation can then also be carried out remotely.
- a microphone can preferably be used, but other sound measuring devices for detecting the respective size are also conceivable.
- a determination or evaluation can then take place in a separate evaluation unit.
- a punch riveter with vibration coupling allows over conventional punch riveting a reduction of the force used to push the rivet, since the impressions is facilitated by the vibrations. Overall, in particular weight can be saved in the punch riveting.
- the proposed method can now also in such a punch riveting also, for example, a necessary occupational safety, in particular with regard to possible violations of prescribed limits for the sound pressure or the sound pressure level are met, which may possibly occur due to the vibration generation and vibration coupling.
- the proposed method thus makes it possible to monitor the process noise occurring during operation and also opens up possibilities for countermeasures.
- a warning message is output and / or an operation of the stamped riveting device is changed, in particular terminated.
- a conceivable limit value for the sound pressure level is, for example, 85 dB for a customary listening range between, for example, 1 and 20 kHz, as is usually required in production halls.
- lower limit values are also conceivable, for example 83 dB or 81 dB. This can be automated in particular and thus very quickly.
- warning messages come here, for example, acoustic and / or visual warning messages into consideration.
- the measures can also take place only intermittently. A termination of the operation comes in particular as the last stage in Consider, for example, if other measures do not lead to the limit being exceeded. In this way, so the work safety can be guaranteed.
- a time profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure and / or a progression of the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure with respect to a position of a component used to press in the rivet are determined and in particular also recorded.
- the stamp is considered as the component used to push in the rivet.
- the profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure can be used for a quality evaluation of an associated punch riveting operation and / or a connection of the at least two components produced in this punch riveting operation.
- an assessment and also a subsequent tracking of the connections generated by the punch riveting apparatus are possible.
- the course of the at least one variable characteristic for the sound pressure is used for a check of a functionality of the punch riveting device or at least one component of the punch riveting device. It is conceivable, for example, that any functional limitations or defects of the drive or the stamp are detected, as this may change the characteristics or the course of the sound pressure or the sound pressure level.
- the at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure is preferably determined using a sound-measuring device which is arranged on the punch riveting device, in particular on a frame or a setting unit of the punch riveting device.
- a drive unit and the joining tool possibly also other associated components such as the booster and the vibration generator, can be understood as a set unit.
- the local distance from the punch riveting device is then zero. In this way it can be achieved that the values for the corresponding size are comparable with one another, since the same distance to the sound source is always used. This is particularly advantageous insofar as the punch riveting apparatus is usually moved during its use, for example by means of a robot arm
- the detected by the sound measuring device at least one characteristic of the sound pressure size can then preferably wired, for example by means of USB cable, or wireless, for example by means of Bluetooth or WLAN, are transmitted to an evaluation. While at the same time a power supply of the sound-measuring device can be provided in the wired version, exist in the wireless variant more options for the positioning of the sound-measuring device, since no cable must be laid.
- the sound-measuring device is at least partially supplied by means of energy harvesting with energy for operation.
- energy harvesting is advantageous in particular in the case of the wireless connection to the evaluation unit, since it is expedient to provide an energy store such as a rechargeable battery or a battery.
- energy harvesting is to be understood that small amounts of electrical energy from one or more sources such as vibrations, individual impulses or solar energy can be obtained. In this way, a particularly energy-efficient operation is possible.
- the arrangement for monitoring the punch rivet device serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing the rivet into the at least two components when pressing in by means of a Vibration generator is set in oscillation.
- a sound-measuring device for detecting at least one characteristic of a sound pressure size within a NASAstimm The local distance range is set by the punch riveting device, and an evaluation unit is provided for the detected variable, which is at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure.
- This production device preferably also has means suitable for carrying out a method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is simplified and schematically illustrated a manufacturing device 100 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
- the production device 100 may be, for example, an industrial robot in a production hall, for example for an automobile body shop.
- the production device 100 has a carrier structure 3 arranged on a base and two arms 4 and 5 arranged thereon and connected to one another and movable. At the end of the arm 5, a punch rivet 10 is arranged, which will be described in more detail below.
- a computing unit 80 is shown, which is, for example, a control unit for the joining device 10.
- the arithmetic unit 80 may also be used as a control unit for the entire manufacturing facility, i. be provided in addition to the punch riveting especially for the control of the movable arms.
- display means 90 for example a display, are provided on which, for example, current operating parameters of the punch riveting apparatus can be displayed.
- the element 90 may also be a combined display / input means, e.g. a touchscreen, act.
- a sound-measuring device 81 for detecting at least one characteristic of a sound pressure size at the punch riveting 10 is arranged. Values detected by the sound measuring device 81 can be transmitted to the arithmetic unit 80, which at the same time comprises or represents an evaluation unit by means of which the detected values can be evaluated.
- FIG. 2 schematically a punch rivet 10 is shown.
- the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a frame 60, which is preferably in the form of a C-frame or C-bracket, on which the individual components are usually arranged in a punch riveting apparatus in order to be able to assume the desired position relative to one another.
- the punch rivet 10 for example, on an arm as in FIG. 1 be shown attached.
- the punch riveting apparatus 10 has a punch (or sonotrode) 15, by way of example with a round cross section.
- the punch 15 is radially surrounded by a (sleeve-shaped) hold-down 16 and arranged movable relative to this in the longitudinal direction.
- the hold-down is fastened by means of a spring on the punch 15.
- the punch 15 and the hold-down 16 form a joining tool 70.
- the punch 15 is coupled to a drive 50, which serves to apply a force F required to press the rivet 20 into the two components 11, 12.
- the drive 50 can be controlled, for example, by means of the computing unit 80.
- the hold-down 16 is adapted to press against the surface of the die 15 facing member 11 with a hold-down force.
- a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged on the stamp 15 and the hold-down 16 opposite side of the two components 11, 12, a counter-holder in the form of a die 18 is arranged.
- the punch 15 and the die 18 are arranged in the vertical direction, as well as the hold-16, movable and movable relative to each other.
- the hold-down 16 and the die 18 serve to clamp or compress the two components 11, 12 between the hold-down 16 and the die 18 during processing by the punch 15.
- the rivet 20 here by way of example a half-tubular rivet, preferably consists of a material which is harder than the materials of the two components 11, 12, at least in the region of a rivet shank.
- the component 11 facing away from the flat top of the rivet is arranged in operative connection with the punch 15, which rests flat against the top of the rivet 20.
- the punch 15 is connected to a (mechanical) vibration converter 30, which can be excited via a vibration generator 32, in particular an ultrasonic generator, for generating vibrations.
- a vibration generator 32 in particular an ultrasonic generator
- ultrasonic vibrations with an amplitude (distance between the maximum positive and negative amplitude of a vibration) between 10 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m (corresponding to an amplitude of 5 .mu.m to 55 .mu.m) and a frequency between 15 kHz and 35 kHz or possibly higher generated ,
- These vibrations are coupled by the oscillation converter 30 via a booster 31 and the punch 15 in the rivet 20.
- the drive 50 may be, for example, a drive with ball, roller or planetary screw drive or the like, which is suitable for pressing a force F of the rivet 20 in the components 11, 12 apply.
- the booster 31 and above the vibration converter 32 and the joining tool 70 are mounted by means of a holding device 35. Together, the drive 50, the booster 31, the vibration converter 30 and the joining tool 70 form a setting unit 71.
- the sound measuring device 81 for example a microphone, is arranged on the frame 60 of the punch riveting device 10.
- a sound pressure or a sound pressure level both variables can be converted into each other
- a source of sound is here in particular the setting unit 71 or the area in which the rivet 20 rests on the component 11 into consideration.
- a small distance from the source of the sound is selected by the arrangement of the sound-measuring device 81 shown. It is understood, however, that the sound measuring device can also be positioned or arranged otherwise.
- the sound measuring device 81 is additionally equipped with a radio module, for example for Bluetooth or WLAN, via which it can communicate with the arithmetic and logic unit 80, which likewise has a radio module.
- the sound measuring device 81 can, for example, have a battery for energy supply, which can be charged, in particular, by means of the mentioned energy harvesting.
- FIG. 3 is a curve of a sound pressure level, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment shown.
- the sound pressure level L p is plotted as a characteristic of the sound pressure over the time t.
- the sound pressure level increases with the start of an operating phase ⁇ t, in which the vibrator is used to inject vibrations. Accordingly, the sound pressure level decreases again with the end of this operating phase .DELTA.t.
- the power provided by the vibrator can now be reduced.
- the operation of the punch riveting apparatus can be terminated. In this way, the work safety can be maintained.
- a warning message is issued in order to warn people in the vicinity of the punch riveting device so that they can move away from the punch riveting device, for example.
- FIG. 4 is a curve of a sound pressure, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment shown.
- the sound pressure p is plotted as a characteristic of the sound pressure value over a position x.
- the position x can designate the position of the punch relative to a reference position, for example a fixed point on the frame, when the rivet is pressed in.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Fertigungseinrichtung mit einer Anordnung zum Überwachen einer Stanznietvorrichtung, bei der wenigstens eine beim Eindrücken eines Niets in zu verbindende Bauteile beteiligte Komponente beim Eindrücken in Schwingung versetzt wird, sowie eine Fertigungseinrichtung mit einer solchen Anordnung.The present invention relates to a method and a production device with an arrangement for monitoring a punch riveting device, in which at least one component participating in the pressing of a rivet into components to be connected is set in vibration upon pressing, and a production device with such an arrangement.
Nietverfahren dienen zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier in einem Verbindungsbereich insbesondere eben ausgebildeter Bauteile (Fügepartner). Ein Stanznietverfahren zeichnet sich beispielsweise dadurch aus, dass ein Vorlochen der miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteile nicht erforderlich ist. Vielmehr wird ein Niet mittels eines Fügewerkzeugs, das einen Stempel umfasst, in die wenigstens zwei Bauteile eingedrückt, wobei durch einen entsprechend geformten Gegenhalter, bspw. in Form einer Matrize, der mit dem Fügewerkzeug zusammenwirkt, sichergestellt werden kann, dass der Niet oder die Bauteile sich in einer bestimmten Art und Weise verformen, um eine kraft- und formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Bauteilen herzustellen.Riveting serve to connect at least two in a connection region in particular flat trained components (joint partner). A punch riveting method is characterized, for example, by the fact that pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Instead, a rivet is pressed into the at least two components by means of a joining tool comprising a punch, it being possible to ensure that the rivet or the components by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example in the form of a die, which cooperates with the joining tool deform in a certain way to produce a positive and positive connection between the components.
Weiterhin ist bspw. aus der
Weitere Stanznietvorrichtungen, die sich der Einkopplung von Vibrationen oder Schwingungen bedienen, sind beispielsweise aus der
Erfindungsgemäß werden ein Verfahren und eine Fertigungseinrichtung mit einer Anordnung zum Überwachen einer Stanznietvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sowie der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.According to the invention, a method and a production device with an arrangement for monitoring a punch riveting device with the features of the independent patent claims are proposed. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren dient zum Überwachen einer Stanznietvorrichtung, die zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels eines Niets dient und bei der während wenigstens einer Betriebsphase wenigstens eine beim Eindrücken des Niets in die wenigstens zwei Bauteile beteiligte Komponente beim Eindrücken mittels eines Schwingungserzeugers in Schwingung versetzt wird. Eine solche Stanznietvorrichtung weist dabei in der Regel ein Fügewerkzeug mit einem Stempel auf, mittels welchem der Niet in die Bauteile eingedrückt wird. Hier ist dann meist ein Antrieb vorgesehen, mittels welchen eine nötige Kraft zum Einbringen des Niets auf das Fügewerkzeug ausübbar ist. Dabei ist in der Regel auch ein Gegenhalter, beispielsweise in Form einer Matrize, auf der dem Fügewerkzeug gegenüberliegenden Seite der wenigstens zwei Bauteile vorgesehen. Als Schwingungserzeuger kommt dabei insbesondere ein Schall-Generator, insbesondere ein Ultraschall-Generator, in Betracht. Als die wenigstens eine beim Eindrücken des Niets beteiligte Komponente, die in Schwingung versetzt wird, kommen insbesondere der Niet und/oder der Stempel und/oder der Gegenhalter und/oder wenigstens eines der wenigstens zwei Bauteile in Betracht. Denkbar ist im Falle des Stempels als diejenige Komponente, die in Schwingung versetzt wird, dass der Stempel gleichzeitig als Sonotrode dient bzw. ausgebildet ist und über einen Booster mit einem Schwingungskonverter verbunden ist, welcher wiederum an den Schwingungserzeuger angebunden ist.A method according to the invention serves to monitor a punch rivet device which serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during which during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet into the at least two components is set in vibration by means of a vibration generator. Such a punch rivet device generally has a joining tool with a punch, by means of which the rivet is pressed into the components. Here then usually a drive is provided, by means of which a necessary force for introducing the rivet on the joining tool can be exercised. As a rule, a counter-holder, for example in the form of a die, is also provided on the side of the at least two components opposite the joining tool. As a vibration generator is in particular a sound generator, in particular an ultrasonic generator, into consideration. In particular, the rivet and / or the punch and / or the counter-holder and / or at least one of the at least two components come into consideration as the at least one component involved in pressing in the rivet which is set in vibration. It is conceivable in the case of the stamp as that component which is vibrated, that the punch is used or designed as sonotrode simultaneously and is connected via a booster with a vibration converter, which in turn is connected to the vibration generator.
Es wird nun während der wenigstens einen Betriebsphase, also während die wenigstens eine Komponente wie beispielsweise der Stempel in Schwingung versetzt wird und damit schwingt, wenigstens zeitweise innerhalb eines vorbestimmten örtlichen Abstandsbereichs von der Stanznietvorrichtung wenigstens eine für einen Schalldruck charakteristische Größe ermittelt. Als solche charakteristische Größe kommen insbesondere ein Schalldruck und/oder ein Schalldruckpegel, insbesondere jeweils in Luft, in Betracht. Hinsichtlich des örtlichen Abstandsbereichs sei angemerkt, dass die erwähnten Größen von einem Abstand einer entsprechenden Schall-Messeinrichtung zur Quelle des Schalls, also insbesondere die in Schwingung versetzte Komponente oder auch andere, dadurch schwingende Komponenten, abhängt. Insofern ist es zweckmäßig, dass die wenigstens eine für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe nahe der Stanznietvorrichtung, beispielsweise mit einem maximalen Abstand von 1 m, 2 m oder 3 m, erfasst wird. Eine entsprechende Auswertung kann dann auch davon entfernt erfolgen. Zur Erfassung der wenigstens einen für den Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe kann bevorzugt ein Mikrofon verwendet werden, denkbar sind jedoch auch andere Schall-Messeinrichtungen zur Erfassung der jeweiligen Größe. Eine Ermittlung bzw. Auswertung kann dann auch in einer separaten Auswerteeinheit erfolgen.During the at least one operating phase, that is, during which the at least one component, such as, for example, the stamp is vibrated and thus oscillates, at least temporarily within a predetermined local distance range from the punch riveting device, at least one variable characteristic of a sound pressure is generated determined. In particular, a sound pressure and / or a sound pressure level, in each case in air, come into consideration as such a characteristic variable. With regard to the local distance range, it should be noted that the variables mentioned depend on a distance of a corresponding sound-measuring device to the source of the sound, that is to say in particular the oscillated component or other components oscillating thereby. In this respect, it is expedient that the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure Size near the punch rivet, for example, with a maximum distance of 1 m, 2 m or 3 m, is detected. A corresponding evaluation can then also be carried out remotely. For detecting the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure, a microphone can preferably be used, but other sound measuring devices for detecting the respective size are also conceivable. A determination or evaluation can then take place in a separate evaluation unit.
Eine Stanznietvorrichtung mit Schwingungseinkopplung, insbesondere eine Ultraschall-Stanznietvorrichtung, ermöglicht gegenüber herkömmlichen Stanznietvorrichtungen eine Reduzierung der zum Eindrücken des Niets verwendeten Kraft, da das Eindrücken durch die Schwingungen erleichtert wird. Insgesamt kann damit insbesondere auch Gewicht bei der Stanznietvorrichtung eingespart werden.A punch riveter with vibration coupling, in particular an ultrasonic punch riveting device, allows over conventional punch riveting a reduction of the force used to push the rivet, since the impressions is facilitated by the vibrations. Overall, in particular weight can be saved in the punch riveting.
Durch das vorgeschlagene Verfahren kann nun bei einer solchen Stanznietvorrichtung zudem auch beispielsweise eine nötige Arbeitssicherheit, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eventuelle Überschreitungen vorgeschriebener Grenzen für den Schalldruck bzw. den Schalldruckpegel, eingehalten werden, die aufgrund der Schwingungserzeugung und Schwingungseinkopplung möglicherweise auftreten können. Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren ermöglicht also eine Überwachung des während des Betriebs auftretenden Prozesslärms und eröffnet zudem Möglichkeiten für Gegenmaßnahmen.By the proposed method can now also in such a punch riveting also, for example, a necessary occupational safety, in particular with regard to possible violations of prescribed limits for the sound pressure or the sound pressure level are met, which may possibly occur due to the vibration generation and vibration coupling. The proposed method thus makes it possible to monitor the process noise occurring during operation and also opens up possibilities for countermeasures.
Bevorzugt ist hier beispielsweise, dass, wenn die wenigstens eine für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe einen vorbestimmten Grenzwert überschreitet, eine Warnmeldung ausgegeben und/oder ein Betrieb der Stanznietvorrichtung verändert, insbesondere beendet, wird. Ein denkbarer Grenzwert für den Schalldruckpegel ist für einen üblichen Hörbereich zwischen beispielsweise 1 und 20 kHz beispielsweise 85 dB, wie er meist in Fertigungshallen gefordert wird. Denkbar sind jedoch auch geringere Grenzwerte, beispielsweise 83 dB oder 81 dB. Dies kann dann insbesondere automatisiert und damit sehr schnell erfolgen. Als Warnmeldungen kommen hier beispielsweise akustische und/oder visuelle Warnmeldungen in Betracht. Bei einer Veränderung des Betriebs kommt beispielsweise eine Reduzierung der Leistung der eingekoppelten Schwingung und/oder eine Frequenzveränderung in Betracht oder eine Aussetzung des Betriebs. Die Maßnahmen können insbesondere auch nur zeitweise erfolgen. Eine Beendigung des Betriebs kommt dabei insbesondere als letzte Stufe in Betracht, falls beispielsweise anderweitige Maßnahmen nicht zur Unterschreitung des Grenzwerts führen. Auf diese Weise kann also die Arbeitssicherheit gewährleistet werden.By way of example, it is preferred here that, if the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure exceeds a predetermined limit value, a warning message is output and / or an operation of the stamped riveting device is changed, in particular terminated. A conceivable limit value for the sound pressure level is, for example, 85 dB for a customary listening range between, for example, 1 and 20 kHz, as is usually required in production halls. However, lower limit values are also conceivable, for example 83 dB or 81 dB. This can be automated in particular and thus very quickly. As warning messages come here, for example, acoustic and / or visual warning messages into consideration. When the operation changes, for example, a reduction in the power of the coupled oscillation and / or a frequency change is considered or a suspension of the operation. In particular, the measures can also take place only intermittently. A termination of the operation comes in particular as the last stage in Consider, for example, if other measures do not lead to the limit being exceeded. In this way, so the work safety can be guaranteed.
Vorzugsweise werden ein zeitlicher Verlauf der wenigstens einen für den Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe und/oder ein Verlauf der wenigstens einen für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe in Bezug zu einer Position einer zum Eindrücken des Niets verwendeten Komponente ermittelt und insbesondere auch aufgezeichnet. Als die zum Eindrücken des Niets verwendete Komponente kommt dabei insbesondere der Stempel in Betracht. Anhand eines solchen Verlaufs können - neben einer etwaigen Analyse des Prozesslärms - auch Analysen des Prozessverlaufs an sich oder der Stanznietvorrichtung ermöglicht werden. Zudem ergibt sich dadurch auch die Möglichkeit, die Anzahl an Stanznietvorgängen zu ermitteln.Preferably, a time profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure and / or a progression of the at least one characteristic of the sound pressure with respect to a position of a component used to press in the rivet are determined and in particular also recorded. In particular, the stamp is considered as the component used to push in the rivet. On the basis of such a course, in addition to a possible analysis of the process noise, it is also possible to make analyzes of the course of the process itself or the punch riveting apparatus. In addition, this also gives the possibility to determine the number of punch riveting operations.
Vorteilhafterweise kann der Verlauf der wenigstens einen für den Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe für eine Qualitätsbewertung eines zugehörigen Stanznietvorgangs und/oder einer in diesem Stanznietvorgang erzeugten Verbindung der wenigstens zwei Bauteile verwendet werden. Damit sind also eine Beurteilung und auch eine spätere Nachverfolgung der mit der Stanznietvorrichtung erzeugten Verbindungen möglich.Advantageously, the profile of the at least one variable characteristic of the sound pressure can be used for a quality evaluation of an associated punch riveting operation and / or a connection of the at least two components produced in this punch riveting operation. Thus, an assessment and also a subsequent tracking of the connections generated by the punch riveting apparatus are possible.
Es ist auch von Vorteil, wenn der Verlauf der wenigstens einen für den Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe für eine Überprüfung einer Funktionsfähigkeit der Stanznietvorrichtung oder wenigstens einer Komponente der Stanznietvorrichtung verwendet wird. Denkbar ist dabei beispielsweise, dass etwaige Funktionseinschränkungen oder Defekte des Antriebs oder des Stempels erkannt werden, da sich hierdurch die Charakteristik bzw. der Verlauf des Schalldrucks bzw. des Schalldruckpegels ändern kann.It is also advantageous if the course of the at least one variable characteristic for the sound pressure is used for a check of a functionality of the punch riveting device or at least one component of the punch riveting device. It is conceivable, for example, that any functional limitations or defects of the drive or the stamp are detected, as this may change the characteristics or the course of the sound pressure or the sound pressure level.
Zweckmäßig ist bei der Ermittlung des Verlaufs auch, wenn ein Frequenzbereich zwischen 1 und 80 kHz aufgezeichnet bzw. erfasst wird. Wenngleich Ultraschall für Menschen nicht oder zumindest nicht akustisch wahrnehmbar ist, so können sich dadurch trotzdem die erwähnten Beurteilungen vornehmen lassen. Hierzu sei auch angemerkt, dass als typische Frequenz zur Erzeugung der Schwingungen zwar beispielsweise Werte zwischen 15 und 35 KHz bevorzugt sind, sich jedoch auch Oberschwingungen mit entsprechend höheren Frequenzen ausbilden können.It is also useful in determining the course if a frequency range between 1 and 80 kHz is recorded or recorded. Although ultrasound is not perceptible to humans or at least not acoustically perceptible, the above mentioned assessments can nevertheless be made. For this purpose, it should also be noted that, for example, values between 15 and 35 kHz are preferred as the typical frequency for generating the oscillations, but it is also possible to form harmonics with correspondingly higher frequencies.
Vorzugsweise wird die wenigstens eine für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe unter Verwendung einer Schall-Messeinrichtung, die an der Stanznietvorrichtung, insbesondere an einem Rahmen oder einer Setzeinheit der Stanznietvorrichtung, angeordnet ist, ermittelt. Unter einer Setzeinheit können hierbei der Antrieb und das Fügewerkzeug, ggf. auch weitere damit verbundene Komponenten wie der Booster und der Schwingungserzeuger, verstanden werden. Der örtliche Abstand von der Stanznietvorrichtung beträgt dann Null. Auf diese Weise kann erreicht werden, dass die Werte für die entsprechende Größe untereinander vergleichbar sind, da immer der gleiche Abstand zur Schallquelle verwendet wird. Dies ist insbesondere auch insofern vorteilhaft, als die Stanznietvorrichtung während ihrer Verwendung in der Regel bewegt wird, beispielsweise mittels eines RoboterarmsThe at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure is preferably determined using a sound-measuring device which is arranged on the punch riveting device, in particular on a frame or a setting unit of the punch riveting device. In this case, a drive unit and the joining tool, possibly also other associated components such as the booster and the vibration generator, can be understood as a set unit. The local distance from the punch riveting device is then zero. In this way it can be achieved that the values for the corresponding size are comparable with one another, since the same distance to the sound source is always used. This is particularly advantageous insofar as the punch riveting apparatus is usually moved during its use, for example by means of a robot arm
Die von der Schall-Messeinrichtung erfasste, wenigstens eine für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe kann dann vorzugsweise kabelgebunden, beispielsweise mittels USB-Kabel, oder kabellos, beispielsweise mittels Bluetooth oder WLAN, an eine Auswerteeinheit übertragen werden. Während bei der kabelgebundenen Variante zugleich eine Stromversorgung der Schall-Messeinrichtung bereitgestellt werden kann, bestehen bei der kabellosen Variante mehr Möglichkeiten für die Positionierung der Schall-Messeinrichtung, da kein Kabel verlegt werden muss.The detected by the sound measuring device, at least one characteristic of the sound pressure size can then preferably wired, for example by means of USB cable, or wireless, for example by means of Bluetooth or WLAN, are transmitted to an evaluation. While at the same time a power supply of the sound-measuring device can be provided in the wired version, exist in the wireless variant more options for the positioning of the sound-measuring device, since no cable must be laid.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Schall-Messeinrichtung wenigstens teilweise mittels Energy-Harvesting mit Energie zum Betrieb versorgt. Dies ist insbesondere für den Fall der kabellosen Anbindung an die Auswerteeinheit vorteilhaft, da hier zweckmäßigerweise ein Energiespeicher wie ein Akku oder eine Batterie vorzusehen ist. Unter Energy-Harvesting ist dabei zu verstehen, dass kleine Mengen elektrischer Energie aus ein oder mehreren Quellen wie beispielsweise Vibrationen, einzelnen Impulsen oder auch aus Sonnenergie gewonnen werden. Auf diese Weise ist ein besonders energieeffizienter Betrieb möglich.Advantageously, the sound-measuring device is at least partially supplied by means of energy harvesting with energy for operation. This is advantageous in particular in the case of the wireless connection to the evaluation unit, since it is expedient to provide an energy store such as a rechargeable battery or a battery. Under energy harvesting is to be understood that small amounts of electrical energy from one or more sources such as vibrations, individual impulses or solar energy can be obtained. In this way, a particularly energy-efficient operation is possible.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Fertigungseinrichtung mit Stanznietvorrichtung und Anordnung dien die Anordnung zur Überwachung der Stanznietvorrichtung, die zum Verbinden wenigstens zweier Bauteile mittels eines Niets dient und bei der während wenigstens einer Betriebsphase wenigstens eine beim Eindrücken des Niets in die wenigstens zwei Bauteile beteiligte Komponente beim Eindrücken mittels eines Schwingungserzeugers in Schwingung versetzbar ist. Dabei sind eine Schall-Messeinrichtung, die zur Erfassung wenigstens einer für einen Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe innerhalb eines vorbestimm ten örtlichen Abstandsbereichs von der Stanznietvorrichtung eingerichtet ist, und eine Auswerteeinheit für die erfasste, wenigstens eine für den Schalldruck charakteristische Größe vorgesehen. Diese Fertigungseinrichtung weist vorzugsweise auch Mittel geeignet zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens auf.In a production device according to the invention with a punch riveting device and arrangement, the arrangement for monitoring the punch rivet device serves to connect at least two components by means of a rivet and during at least one operating phase at least one component involved in pressing the rivet into the at least two components when pressing in by means of a Vibration generator is set in oscillation. In this case, a sound-measuring device for detecting at least one characteristic of a sound pressure size within a vorbestimm The local distance range is set by the punch riveting device, and an evaluation unit is provided for the detected variable, which is at least one variable that is characteristic of the sound pressure. This production device preferably also has means suitable for carrying out a method according to the invention.
Hinsichtlich weiterer Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung sowie der näheren Erläuterung der Stanznietvorrichtung sei zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf obige Ausführungen zum erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verwiesen, die hier entsprechend gelten.With regard to further embodiments and advantages of the arrangement according to the invention as well as the detailed explanation of the punch riveting device, reference is made to the above statements on the method according to the invention to avoid repetition, which apply accordingly here.
Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachfolgend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben.The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing.
Figurenbeschreibung
- Figur 1
- zeigt vereinfacht und schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Fertigungseinrichtung mit einer Stanznietvorrichtung in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.
- Figur 2
- zeigt schematisch eine detailliertere Darstellung der Stanznietvorrichtung aus Figur 1.
Figur 3- zeigt einen Verlauf eines Schalldruckpegels, wie er bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform auftreten kann.
- Figur 4
- zeigt einen Verlauf eines Schalldrucks, wie er bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform auftreten kann.
- FIG. 1
- shows simplified and schematically a manufacturing device according to the invention with a punch riveting in a preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 2
- schematically shows a more detailed representation of the punch rivet apparatus of Figure 1.
- FIG. 3
- shows a profile of a sound pressure level, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 4
- shows a course of a sound pressure, as it can occur in a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
In
Die Fertigungseinrichtung 100 weist dabei eine auf einem Boden angeordnete Trägerstruktur 3 und zwei daran angeordnete, miteinander verbundene und bewegliche Arme 4 und 5 auf. Am Ende des Armes 5 ist eine Stanznietvorrichtung 10 angeordnet, welche nachfolgend noch detaillierter beschrieben wird.In this case, the
Weiterhin ist eine Recheneinheit 80 gezeigt, bei der es sich beispielsweise um eine Steuereinheit für die Fügevorrichtung 10 handelt. Die Recheneinheit 80 kann zudem auch als Steuereinheit für die gesamte Fertigungseinrichtung, d.h. neben der Stanznietvorrichtung insbesondere auch für die Ansteuerung der beweglichen Arme vorgesehen sein. Weiterhin sind Anzeigemittel 90, bspw. ein Display, vorgesehen, auf denen bspw. aktuelle Betriebsparameter der Stanznietvorrichtung angezeigt werden können. Es kann sich bei dem Element 90 auch um ein kombiniertes Anzeige-/Eingabemittel, z.B. einen Touchscreen, handeln.Furthermore, a
Weiterhin ist eine Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 zur Erfassung wenigstens einer für einen Schalldruck charakteristischen Größe an der Stanznietvorrichtung 10 angeordnet. Von der Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 erfasste Werte können an die Recheneinheit 80 übermittelt werden, die damit zugleich eine Auswerteeinheit umfasst oder darstellt, mittels welcher die erfassten Werte ausgewertet werden können.Furthermore, a sound-measuring
In
Die Stanznietvorrichtung 10 weist einen Stempel (bzw. eine Sonotrode) 15 auf, beispielhaft mit einem runden Querschnitt. Der Stempel 15 ist von einem (hülsenförmigen) Niederhalter 16 radial umgeben und relativ zu diesem in Längsrichtung beweglich angeordnet. Der Niederhalter ist mittels einer Feder am Stempel 15 befestigt. Zusammen bilden der Stempel 15 und der Niederhalter 16 hier ein Fügewerkzeug 70. Weiterhin ist der Stempel 15 mit einem Antrieb 50 gekoppelt, der dazu dient, eine zum Eindrücken des Niets 20 in die beiden Bauteile 11, 12 benötigte Kraft F aufzubringen. Der Antrieb 50 kann beispielsweise mittels der Recheneinheit 80 gesteuert werden. Ebenfalls ist der Niederhalter 16 dazu eingerichtet, gegen die Oberfläche des dem Stempel 15 zugewandten Bauteils 11 mit einer Niederhaltekraft zu drücken.The punch
Auf der dem Stempel 15 und dem Niederhalter 16 gegenüberliegenden Seite der beiden Bauteile 11, 12 ist ein Gegenhalter in Form einer Matrize 18 angeordnet. Der Stempel 15 und die Matrize 18 sind in vertikaler Richtung, wie auch der Niederhalter 16, beweglich angeordnet und relativ zueinander bewegbar. Der Niederhalter 16 und die Matrize 18 dienen dazu, die beiden Bauteile 11, 12 zwischen dem Niederhalter 16 und der Matrize 18 während der Bearbeitung durch den Stempel 15 einzuspannen bzw. zusammenzudrücken.On the
Der Niet 20, hier beispielhaft ein Halbhohlniet, besteht bevorzugt aus einem gegenüber den Werkstoffen der beiden Bauteile 11, 12 härteren Material, zumindest im Bereich eines Nietschafts. Die dem Bauteil 11 abgewandte, ebene Oberseite des Niets ist in Wirkverbindung mit dem Stempel 15 angeordnet, der an der Oberseite des Niets 20 flächig anliegt.The
Der Stempel 15 ist mit einem (mechanischen) Schwingungskonverter 30, der über einen Schwingungserzeuger 32, insbesondere einen Ultraschallgenerator, zur Erzeugung von Schwingungen bzw. Vibrationen anregbar ist, verbunden. Insbesondere werden dabei Ultraschallschwingungen mit einer Schwingweite (Abstand zwischen maximaler positiver und negativer Amplitude einer Schwingung) zwischen 10 µm und 110 µm (entspricht einer Amplitude von 5 µm bis 55 µm) und einer Frequenz zwischen 15 kHz und 35 kHz oder ggf. auch höher erzeugt. Diese Schwingungen werden von dem Schwingungskonverter 30 über einen Booster 31 und den Stempel 15 in den Niet 20 eingekoppelt.The
Bei dem Antrieb 50 kann es sich bspw. um einen Antrieb mit Kugel-, Rollen- oder Planetengewindetrieb oder dergleichen handeln, der dazu geeignet ist, eine Kraft F zum Eindrücken des Niets 20 in die Bauteile 11, 12 aufzubringen. An dem Antrieb 50 sind der Booster 31 und darüber der Schwingungskonverter 32 und das Fügewerkzeug 70 mittels einer Haltevorrichtung 35 angebracht. Zusammen bilden der Antrieb 50, der Booster 31, der Schwingungskonverter 30 und das Fügewerkzeug 70 eine Setzeinheit 71.The
Weiterhin ist am Rahmen 60 der Stanznietvorrichtung 10 die Schall-Messeinrichtung 81, beispielsweise ein Mikrofon, angeordnet. Mittels der Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 kann nun ein Schalldruck bzw. ein Schalldruckpegel (beide Größen können ineinander umgerechnet werden) erfasst werden. Eine Quelle des Schalls kommt hier insbesondere die Setzeinheit 71 bzw. der Bereich, indem der Niet 20 auf dem Bauteil 11 anliegt, in Betracht. Insofern ist durch die gezeigte Anordnung der Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 ein geringer Abstand zur Quelle des Schalls gewählt. Es versteht sich jedoch, dass die Schall-Messeinrichtung auch anderweitig positioniert bzw. angeordnet werden kann.Furthermore, the
Vorliegend ist die Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 zudem mit einem Funkmodul, beispielsweise für Bluetooth oder WLAN, ausgestattet, worüber sie mit der als Auswerteeinheit fungierenden Recheneinheit 80, die entsprechend ebenfalls ein Funkmodul aufweist, kommunizieren kann. Die Schall-Messeinrichtung 81 kann zudem beispielsweise eine Batterie zur Energieversorgung aufweisen, die insbesondere mittels des erwähnten Energy-Harvesting aufgeladen werden kann.In the present case, the
In
Wie anhand des Verlaufs zu sehen ist, steigt der Schalldruckpegel mit Beginn einer Betriebsphase Δt, in welcher der Schwingungserzeuger zur Einkopplung von Schwingungen verwendet wird, an. Entsprechend sinkt der Schalldruckpegel wieder mit dem Ende dieser Betriebsphase Δt.As can be seen from the graph, the sound pressure level increases with the start of an operating phase Δt, in which the vibrator is used to inject vibrations. Accordingly, the sound pressure level decreases again with the end of this operating phase .DELTA.t.
Während der Schalldruckpegel während der Betriebsphase Δt nun zwar höher ist als vorher und nachher, jedoch in der Regel immer noch unterhalb eines Grenzwertes Lmax bleibt, so kann es, beispielsweise aufgrund einer Funktionseinschränkung bei einer Komponente der Stanznietvorrichtung oder eines Defekts in einem Bauteil oder dem Niet, vorkommen, dass der Schalldruckpegel den Grenzwert Lmax überschreitet.While the sound pressure level during the operating phase .DELTA.t is now higher than before and after, but still usually remains below a limit L max , it may, for example, due to a functional restriction in a component of Punch riveting or a defect in a component or the rivet, it happens that the sound pressure level exceeds the limit L max .
In einem solchen Fall kann nun beispielsweise die von dem Schwingungserzeuger bereitgestellte Leistung verringert werden. Alternativ kann auch der Betrieb der Stanznietvorrichtung beendet werden. Auf diese Weise kann die Arbeitssicherheit gewahrt werden. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass alternativ oder zusätzlich, eine Warnmeldung ausgegeben wird, um sich im Umfeld der Stanznietvorrichtung befindliche Menschen zu warnen, sodass diese sich beispielsweise von der Stanznietvorrichtung entfernen können.In such a case, for example, the power provided by the vibrator can now be reduced. Alternatively, the operation of the punch riveting apparatus can be terminated. In this way, the work safety can be maintained. However, it is also conceivable that, alternatively or additionally, a warning message is issued in order to warn people in the vicinity of the punch riveting device so that they can move away from the punch riveting device, for example.
Denkbar ist auch, zwei oder mehr unterschiedliche Grenzwerte zu verwenden, bei deren Überschreiten unterschiedliche Maßnahmen getroffen werden, also beispielsweise bei einem ersten Grenzwert die Warnmeldung und erst bei einem zweiten Grenzwert das Beenden des Betriebs der Stanznietvorrichtung.It is also conceivable to use two or more different limit values which, if exceeded, take different measures, that is to say for example at a first limit value the warning message and only at a second limit value the termination of the operation of the punch riveting device.
Es sei angemerkt, dass der Verlauf des Schalldruckpegels Lp, um für den Fall des Überschreitens des Grenzwerts geeignete Maßnahmen zu treffen, nicht aufgezeichnet werden muss. Nichtsdestotrotz kann dies hilfreich sein, um ggf. später eine Analyse des Vorgangs vornehmen zu können.It should be noted that the course of the sound pressure level L p , in order to take appropriate action in the event of exceeding the limit, need not be recorded. Nonetheless, this can be helpful in order to be able to analyze the process later, if necessary.
In
Hier ist am Verlauf des Schalldrucks p zu sehen, dass dieser mit zunehmender Strecke, die zurückgelegt wurde, zunächst zunimmt, dann wieder abnimmt. Es sei angemerkt, dass hier lediglich ein beispielhafter Verlauf zur Erläuterung der vorliegenden Erfindung gezeigt ist.Here, it can be seen from the course of the sound pressure p that, with increasing distance, it initially increases, then decreases again. It should be noted that only an exemplary course for explaining the present invention is shown here.
Anhand des Verlaufs des Schalldrucks können nun eventuelle Funktionseinschränkungen oder anderweitige Probleme, wie sie eingangs erwähnt wurden, erkannt werden, da der Verlauf des Schalldrucks dann von einem Soll-Verlauf abweicht. Hierbei kommen beispielsweise ein Verbau des korrekten Niets bzw. Niettyps, Verschleiß an einer oder mehreren Komponenten (z.B. an Stempel bzw. Sonotrode, Gegenhalter, Niederhalter oder Antrieb), chargenabhängige Bauteilschwankungen oder Veränderungen am Anlagenaufbau, insbesondere auch bei Dämmelementen oder Ähnlichem, in Frage. Denkbar ist auch eine Ableitung von Wartungsmaßnahmen, die aufgrund solcher Funktionseinschränkungen oder Veränderungen nötig sind.On the basis of the course of the sound pressure now any function restrictions or other problems, as they were mentioned, can be detected, since the course of the sound pressure then deviates from a desired course. Here are, for example a shoring of the correct rivet or rivet type, wear on one or more components (eg on punch or sonotrode, anvil, hold-down or drive), batch-dependent component variations or changes in the system structure, especially in insulation elements or the like in question. It is also conceivable to derive maintenance measures that are necessary due to such functional restrictions or changes.
Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang beispielsweise auch die Verwendung einer sog. Hüllkurventechnik. Hierzu sind beispielhaft zwei verschiedene obere Grenzverläufe G11 und G12 sowie zwei untere Grenzverläufe G21 und G22 dargestellt, bei deren Überschreiten bzw. Unterschreiten beispielswiese auf eine Funktionseinschränkung erkannt werden kann. Ebenso denkbar ist beispielsweise die Verwendung der sog. Fenstertechnik, bei der ein oder mehrere prozessrelevante Fenster, hier beispielhaft mit Fenster 401 gezeigt, festgelegt werden können, innerhalb welcher einzuhaltende Grenzwerte festgelegt und überwacht werden können. It is conceivable in this context, for example, the use of a so-called. Envelope technique. For this purpose, two different upper boundary courses G 11 and G 12 as well as two lower limit courses G 21 and G 22 are shown by way of example, in the case of which they are exceeded or undershot, for example, a function restriction can be recognized. It is also conceivable, for example, to use the so-called window technique, in which one or more process-relevant windows, shown here by way of example with
Claims (13)
- Method for monitoring a self-piercing riveting device (10) which is used to connect at least two components (11, 12) by means of a rivet (20) and in which, during at least one operating phase (Δt), at least one component (11, 12, 15, 18, 20) involved when pressing the rivet (20) into the at least two components (11, 12) is set vibrating by means of a vibration generator (32) as it is pressed in,
characterized in that during the at least one operating phase (Δt), at least temporarily within a predetermined local distance range from the self-piercing riveting device (10), at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of a sound pressure is determined. - Method according to Claim 1, wherein the variable that is characteristic of a sound pressure comprises a sound pressure (p) and/or a sound pressure level (Lp), in particular in air in each case.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein when the variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure exceeds a predetermined limiting value (Lmax), a warning message is output and/or operation of the self-piercing riveting device (10) is changed, in particular terminated.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a time profile of the at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure and/or a profile of the at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure in relation to a position (x) of a component used to press in the rivet (20) is determined and in particular also recorded.
- Method according to Claim 4, wherein the profile of the at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure is used for a quality assessment of an associated self-piercing riveting operation and/or a connection of the at least two components (11, 12) that is produced in the self-piercing riveting operation.
- Method according to Claim 4 or 5, wherein the profile of the at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure is used to check a functionality of the self-piercing riveting device (10) or at least one component of the.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure is determined by using a sound measuring apparatus (81), which is arranged on the self-piercing riveting device (10), in particular on a frame (60) or a setting unit (71) of the self-piercing riveting device (10) .
- Method according to Claim 7, wherein the at least one characteristic variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of the sound pressure and is detected by the sound measuring apparatus (81) is transmitted by cable or wirelessly to an evaluation unit (80).
- Method according to Claim 7 or 8, wherein the sound measuring apparatus (81) is at least partly supplied with energy for operation by means of energy harvesting.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vibration generator (32) used is a sound generator, in particular an ultrasound generator.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one component that is involved in pressing in the rivet (20) and which is set vibrating comprises the rivet (20) and/or a punch (15) and/or an anvil (18) and/or at least one of the at least two components (11, 12).
- Manufacturing apparatus (100) having a self-piercing riveting device (10), which is used to connect at least two components (11, 12) by means of a rivet (20) and in which, during at least one operating phase (Δt), at least one component (11, 12, 15, 18, 20) involved when pressing the rivet (20) into the at least two components (11, 12) can be set vibrating by means of a vibration generator (32) as it is pressed in,
characterized by an assembly for monitoring the self-piercing riveting device (10), comprising a sound measuring apparatus (81) which is set up to detect at least one variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of a sound pressure within a predetermined local distance range of the self-piercing riveting device (10), and
an evaluation unit (80) for the detected variable (p, Lp) that is characteristic of a sound pressure. - Manufacturing apparatus (100) according to Claim 12, comprising means which are suitable to carry out a method according to one of Claims 2 to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102016224174.5A DE102016224174A1 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Method and device for monitoring a punch riveting device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3332886A1 EP3332886A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
EP3332886B1 true EP3332886B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
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EP17200281.8A Active EP3332886B1 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2017-11-07 | Method and assembly for monitoring self-piercing riveting |
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EP (1) | EP3332886B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016224174A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
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DE102018113870A1 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-12 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | setting means |
JP7342646B2 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2023-09-12 | 株式会社Ihi | Inspection method and inspection device |
CN111250963A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for composite material component and using method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19648231A1 (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1998-05-28 | Hahn Ortwin | Punched rivet as headed shank and foot |
DE19729368A1 (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-01-14 | Ortwin Hahn | Device and method for mechanically joining sheets, profiles and / or multi-sheet connections |
DE10056859A1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-23 | Emhart Inc | Method for non-destructive testing of the quality of a joint between two or more plate type components, made using a cold jointing method, such as riveting, by monitoring of the sound generated during the jointing process |
GB2425179A (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-10-18 | Warwickshire Mfg Group | Assessing the quality of rivets by evaluating the complex valued electrical impedance of a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer |
GB0813883D0 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2008-09-03 | Henrob Ltd | Joining apparatus and method |
DE102014207708A1 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for acoustic testing of a riveted joint |
DE102015213433A1 (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for connecting at least two components by means of a punch riveting device and manufacturing device |
DE102016002172A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-08-04 | Daimler Ag | Method for joining at least two components, in particular for a motor vehicle |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 DE DE102016224174.5A patent/DE102016224174A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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DE102016224174A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
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