DE102017209274A1 - Punch riveting device with counter vibration coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a production device (100) with a punch rivet device (10) which serves to connect at least two components (11, 12) by means of a rivet (20) and has a punch (15) and a counter holder (18) , wherein between the punch (15) and the counter-holder (18) the at least two components (11, 12) and the rivet (20) can be arranged, wherein by means of a vibration generator (32) at least one upon pressing the rivet (20) in the at least two components (11, 12) involved component (15) is vibrated, wherein by means of at least one actuator (70, 71, 72, 73) during operation of the punch riveting (10) counter vibrations (G) in at least one component (60 , 5) of the production device (100) are coupled in such a way that vibrations (S) caused by the operation of the punch riveting device (10) in the at least one component (60, 5) are at least partially compensated.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for operating a production device with a punch rivet device, which serves for connecting at least two components by means of a rivet and in which oscillations are coupled during operation, as well as such a production device.

State of the art

Methods and devices for punch riveting serve for connecting at least two in a connecting region in particular flat trained components. A punch riveting method is characterized in that a pre-punching of the components to be joined together is not required. Rather, a rivet is pressed by means of a punch or a punch tool in the at least two components, being ensured by a correspondingly shaped counter-holder, for example. In the form of a die, which cooperates with the punch tool, that the rivet in a certain way deformed within the components to be joined together to produce a positive and positive connection between the components while avoiding penetration of the component facing away from the rivet.

Furthermore, for example, from the EP 2 318 161 B1 or the DE 10 2014 203 357 A1 so-called ultrasonic punch riveting methods or devices are known in which a vibration generator, such as an ultrasonic generator is used to enable one or more components in connecting the components in vibration. By this vibration, for example, the force to be applied for pressing the rivet is reduced.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, a method for operating a production device and a production device having the features of the independent patent claims are proposed. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.

A method according to the invention serves to operate a production device with a punch rivet device, which serves for connecting at least two components by means of a rivet, and which punch riveting device has a punch and a counter holder, wherein the at least two components and the rivet can be arranged between the punch and the counter holder. The punch and the counter holder can be arranged on a frame of the punch riveting device. By means of a vibration generator at least one involved in pressing the rivet into the at least two components component (stamp, anvil, components, rivet) is vibrated. In order to press the rivet into the components, a drive may be provided, which is arranged, for example, on the frame of the punch rivet device, by means of which a force can be exerted on the ram in the joining direction. The frame itself may in particular be in the form of a C-frame or C-bracket. In particular, the rivet and / or the punch and / or the counterholder and / or at least one of the at least two components come into consideration as the at least one component which is set in vibration when the rivet is pressed in. As a vibration generator, in particular a sound generator, preferably an ultrasonic generator can be used. It may also be expedient if a holding-down device is provided, by means of which the at least two components can be pressed against the counter-holder or can be fixed to the counter-holder.

The sound generator can preferably also be connected to a vibration converter, which in turn is excited to oscillations, which are expediently transmitted to the stamp via a booster (amplitude amplifier). The stamp can then serve as a sonotrode. The production device may be, for example, an industrial robot to which the punch riveting device is fastened.

Furthermore, by means of at least one actuator during an operation of the punch riveting device, counter oscillations are coupled into at least one component of the production device such that oscillations caused by the operation of the stamp riveting device in the at least one component are at least partially compensated. The counter oscillations coupled into the at least one component by means of the at least one actuator can also be referred to as counter sound. As actuators come here, for example, piezo actuators in question. Preferably, the actuator is arranged on the at least one component. As the at least one component in particular a support member for the punch riveting, so for example, an arm of the manufacturing facility or a junction of such an arm to the frame of the punch riveting (then a bearing point), or even the frame of the punch rivet in question.

During operation of such a punch riveting apparatus, the vibrations which are actively coupled into the mentioned at least one component to enhance the riveting operation are inevitably transmitted to components of the manufacturing apparatus. These in the component and In particular, in the frame or the support member registered vibration energy is thus no longer available to the process and puts the component itself in vibration. Such vibrations of the component can adversely affect the joining result, since these vibrations can act as a disturbance to the process or riveting process. In addition, these vibrations, for example in the context or a carrier component to disadvantageous sound emissions. This means in particular problems for people present. In addition, damage to the production device can occur due to the vibrations in the production device, for example if bearing points are damaged by the vibrations or age prematurely.

By the here proposed active coupling of counter-vibrations in the component can be achieved that this component less or does not vibrate. In addition to the reduction of noise emissions, this has the particular advantage that the material of the component less fatigued, whereby the life or service life of the punch riveting or the manufacturing device can be significantly increased.

It is also conceivable that, for example, a recurring pattern of the vibrations in the component, which are caused in the operation of the punch riveting apparatus, recorded and based on a corresponding pattern for the actively coupled counter-vibrations is generated. This makes it very easy to eliminate recurring vibrations without having to constantly measure "online".

However, it is particularly preferred if the vibrations caused in the component are detected by means of at least one sensor, in particular an acceleration sensor, in particular continuously. At least one compensation signal can then be determined on the basis of the detected oscillations, the countervibrations being coupled into the component based on this at least one compensation signal by means of the at least one actuator. In particular, individually occurring vibrations can thus be compensated directly during operation of the production device. It is also conceivable in this connection that the countervibrations which are coupled into the component are actively adapted in the sense of a regulation.

In this case, the at least one sensor is preferably arranged on the component or a sensor arranged on the component is used. This allows vibrations that are caused in the component to be detected particularly quickly and accurately. In this context, it is also particularly preferred if such sensors are arranged at positions or locations on the component at which a particularly good signal / noise ratio is present, at which therefore other interference signals are particularly low.

Advantageously, the at least one sensor and the at least one actuator are arranged at a distance from one another. For example, the sensors and actuators can be distributed over the entire production device, in particular the frame and support components such as arms. This means a certain transit time between the detection of a vibration and the subsequent actuation of the actuator, during which, for example, the processing of the aforementioned compensation signal can take place. This leads to a better compensation quality.

It is also advantageous if the detected oscillations are used for an evaluation and / or evaluation of the operation of the punch riveting apparatus, in particular of the punch riveting operation. In this way, any errors in the operation of the punch riveting can be detected, for example, if a course of the detected vibrations deviates from an expected course. In addition or as an alternative to the detected vibrations themselves, the compensation signal determined therefrom can also be used.

An arithmetic unit according to the invention, e.g. a control unit for a production device with punch riveting device is, in particular programmatically, adapted to carry out a method according to the invention.

The invention furthermore relates to a production device with a punch riveting device for connecting at least two components by means of a rivet, which has a punch and a counter holder, wherein the at least two components and the rivet can be arranged between the punch and the counter holder. In addition, such a punch riveting device has a vibration generator, by means of which at least one component involved in the at least two components when the rivet is pressed into vibration, and at least one actuator for generating countervibrations. Here now an arithmetic unit according to the invention is provided which is adapted to perform a method according to the invention. In this way, the production device, which includes the arithmetic unit as a component or component, is adapted to carry out a method according to the invention. With regard to the advantages and refinements of the punch riveting apparatus, reference is made to the above statements on the method in order to avoid repetition.

Also, the implementation of the method in the form of a computer program is advantageous because this causes very low costs, especially if an executive controller is still used for other tasks and therefore already exists. Suitable data carriers for the provision of the computer program are, in particular, magnetic, optical and electrical memories, such as hard disks, flash memories, EEPROMs, DVDs and the like. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

list of figures

• 1 shows simplified and schematically a manufacturing device according to the invention with a punch riveting in a preferred embodiment.
• 2 shows the punch riveting out 1 with which a method according to the invention can also be carried out, in a more detailed view.
• 3 schematically shows a sequence of a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.

Detailed description of the drawing

In 1 is simplified and schematically a manufacturing device according to the invention 100 in a preferred embodiment, which shows a punch riveting device 10 includes, as described in more detail later. At the manufacturing facility 100 it may, for example, be an industrial robot in a production hall, for example for an automobile body shop. About carrier components 3 . 4 and 5 , here in the form of arms, becomes the punch riveting device 10 held and can be moved. In addition, there is a computing unit 80 acting as a control unit of the manufacturing facility 100 can serve, as well as a display means or display 85 shown. On the arm 5 is an actor 70 attached, bringing counter vibrations in the arm 5 can be introduced. There is also a sensor 90 intended. For a more detailed explanation, reference is made to the following statements.

It is understood that the punch riveting apparatus is illustrated only by way of example in connection with a production device in the form of an industrial robot and that the punch riveting device can also be attached to other handling or handling devices (in the sense of a production device) and used therewith.

In 2 is the punch riveting device 10 out 1 with which an inventive method is feasible, shown in more detail. The punch riveting device 10 has a frame 60 on, which is preferably in the form of a C-frame or C-bracket, on which the individual components are arranged in a punch riveting usually in order to take the desired position to each other can. About the frame 60 can the punch rivet device 10 for example, on an arm like in 1 be shown attached.

The punch riveting device 10 has a stamp (or a sonotrode) 15 on, by way of example with a round cross-section. The Stamp 15 is from a (sleeve-shaped) hold-down 16 radially surrounded and arranged movable relative to this in the longitudinal direction. The hold-down is by means of a spring on the punch 15 attached. Furthermore, the stamp 15 with a drive 50 coupled, which serves to one for pressing in the rivet 20 in the two components 11 . 12 required force F applied. The drive 50 For example, by means of the arithmetic unit 80 to be controlled. Also is the hold down 16 set up against the surface of the stamp 15 facing component 11 with a hold down force.

On the stamp 15 and the hold-down 16 opposite side of the two components 11 . 12 is a counterholder in the form of a die 18 arranged. The Stamp 15 and the matrix 18 are in the vertical direction, in which also the hold-down 16 is movable, and relatively movable. The hold down 16 and the matrix 18 serve to the two components 11 . 12 between the hold down 16 and the matrix 18 during processing by the stamp 15 clamp or compress.

The rivet 20 , here by way of example a Halbhohlniet, preferably consists of a relation to the materials of the two components 11 . 12 harder material, at least in the area of a rivet shaft. The component 11 facing away, flat top of the rivet is in operative connection with the stamp 15 Arranged at the top of the rivet 20 lies flat.

The Stamp 15 is with a (mechanical) vibration converter 30 that's about a vibrator 32 , In particular, an ultrasonic generator, for generating vibrations or vibrations can be excited connected. In particular, ultrasonic vibrations with an amplitude (distance between the maximum positive and negative amplitude of a vibration) between 10 .mu.m and 110 .mu.m (corresponding to an amplitude of 5 .mu.m to 55 .mu.m) and a frequency between 15 kHz and 35 kHz or possibly higher generated , These vibrations are from the vibration converter 30 via a booster 31 and the stamp 15 , which also serves as a sonotrode, in the rivet 20 coupled. The vibration converter 30 , the booster 31 and the sonotrode 15 together form a vibrating system 39 ,

At the drive 50 it may be, for example, a drive with ball, roller or planetary screw or the like, which is adapted to a force F for pushing in the rivet 20 into the components 11 . 12 applied. At the drive 50 is the booster 31 with the stamp 15 by means of a holding device 35 appropriate. Above the booster 31 sits the vibration converter 30 ,

Furthermore, now exemplary vibrations S shown as through the vibrational system 39 generated and in the frame 60 or the arms of the manufacturing equipment are transferred. This means that also in the frame 60 or the poor vibrations S be caused. The vibrations are in particular at those points over which the vibration system 39 with the frame 60 is in contact, in the frame 60 and transfer it into your arms. In the example shown, these are in particular the die 18 and the drive 50 , These vibrations S then spread in the frame 60 and the poor.

By way of example, there are now three sensors 90 . 91 , and 92 shown by means of which in the frame 60 or the sound caused to the poor can be detected. These sensors may in particular be acceleration sensors, that is, in particular sensors that can measure or detect an acceleration acting on itself. Inertial sensors, for example so-called MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical system), are conceivable here.

These sensors 90 . 91 and 92 can then contact the arithmetic unit 80 be data transmitting attached. Conceivable here are suitable signal lines, but would be possible, for example, wireless communication links, if the sensors are then otherwise supplied with energy.

Furthermore, four actuators are exemplary 70 . 71 . 72 and 73 shown by means of which active counter-vibrations G in the frame 60 or the arms can be coupled or introduced. These actuators may in particular be piezo actuators. These actuators can then, for example, in a suitable manner to the arithmetic unit 80 be connected, so that the actuators are excitable by suitable control to vibrations, which then in the frame 60 or the arm are coupled.

The sensors and actuators are here via the manufacturing facility 100 , especially the frame 60 and an arm, distributed and thus spaced from each other. It is understood that sensors and / or actuators may also be provided at other positions, for example of the frame, possibly also on other components of the punch riveting device. The positions at which the sensors or actuators are mounted, can be chosen so that the vibrations S can be detected particularly well or that the counter-vibrations G can be coupled particularly well in da relevant component, then there especially well spread.

In 3 a flow of a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment is shown schematically, as for example with a punch riveting according to 2 can be carried out. The vibrations S can first, as in terms of the 2 already explained, for example, be detected during a process window, as here with the example of the sensor 90 shown, and a calculation, in particular a regulation 81 , in the arithmetic unit 80 be supplied.

This can then be a compensation signal K be determined, which then here as an example to the actuator 70 is created so that by the actuator counter vibrations G generated and coupled into the component. The compensation signal K can be configured such that the counter vibrations based thereon G the vibrations caused in the frame S compensate as much as possible. It is understood that a separate compensation signal can be determined for each actuator.

In addition, the detected vibrations S and / or the determined compensation signal K or corresponding measurement data also an evaluation A be fed, for example, in which the associated punch riveting process or process history can be analyzed and / or evaluated. Likewise, errors can be detected in this way, for example. For such Evaluation can also be used the previously mentioned display.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2318161 B1 [0003]
• DE 102014203357 A1 [0003]

Claims (14)

Method for operating a production device (100) with a punch rivet device (10), which serves to connect at least two components (11, 12) by means of a rivet (20) and has a punch (15) and a counter holder (18), between which Stamp (15) and the counter-holder (18) the at least two components (11, 12) and the rivet (20) can be arranged, wherein by means of a vibration generator (32) at least one upon pressing the rivet (20) in the at least two components ( 11, 12) involved component (15) is vibrated, characterized in that by means of at least one actuator (70, 71, 72, 73) during operation of the Stanznietvorrichtung (10) counter oscillations (G) in at least one component (60, 5) of the production device (100) are coupled in such a way that vibrations (S) caused by the operation of the punch riveting device (10) in the at least one component (60, 5) are at least partially compensated. Method according to Claim 1 in which the vibrations (S) produced in the at least one component (60, 5) are detected by means of at least one sensor (90, 91, 92). Method according to Claim 2 , wherein based on the detected oscillations (S) at least one compensation signal (K) is determined, and wherein based on the at least one compensation signal (K) by means of the at least one actuator (70, 71, 72, 73) the countervibrations (G) in the at least one component (60, 5) are coupled. Method according to Claim 2 or 3 wherein the at least one sensor (90, 91, 92) is arranged on the at least one component (60, 5). Method according to one of Claims 2 to 4 wherein the at least one sensor (90, 91, 92) comprises an acceleration sensor. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 5 wherein the at least one sensor (90, 91, 92) and the at least one actuator (70, 71, 72, 73) are arranged spaced from each other. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 6 , wherein the detected vibrations (S) are used for an evaluation (A) and / or evaluation of the operation of the punch riveting device (10), in particular a punch riveting operation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one component comprises a support member (5) for the punch riveting device (10). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one component comprises a frame (60) of the punch rivet device (10), which is preferably formed in the form of a C-frame or a C-bracket. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a sound generator, in particular an ultrasound generator, is used as the vibration generator (32). Arithmetic unit (80) adapted to perform a method according to any one of the preceding claims. Manufacturing device (100) with a punch rivet device (10) for connecting at least two components (11, 12) by means of a rivet (20), with a punch (15) and a counter-holder (18), wherein between the punch (15) and the counter-holder (18) the at least two components (11, 12) and the rivet (20) can be arranged, with a vibration generator (32), by means of which at least one in pressing the rivet (20) in the at least two components (11, 12) involved Component (15) is set into oscillation, with at least one actuator (70, 71, 72, 73) for coupling countervibrations (G) in at least one component (60, 5) of the manufacturing device (100) and with a computing unit (80) to Claim 11 , Computer program that causes a computing unit (80), a method according to one of Claims 1 to 10 when executed on the arithmetic unit (80). Machine-readable storage medium with a computer program stored thereon Claim 13 ,

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