CN111250963A - Mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for composite material component and using method - Google Patents
Mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for composite material component and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250963A CN111250963A CN202010022249.8A CN202010022249A CN111250963A CN 111250963 A CN111250963 A CN 111250963A CN 202010022249 A CN202010022249 A CN 202010022249A CN 111250963 A CN111250963 A CN 111250963A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
- B23P19/033—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same using vibration
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for a composite material component, which comprises: the data acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, a data acquisition card and a displacement sensor, and the data acquisition card is connected with the computer terminal; the fixing module comprises a fixing block, a fixing seat and a fixing seat cover plate so as to connect the power device and the dynamic circulating impact device; the guide module comprises a slide block, a guide rail fixing plate and a guide rail so as to limit and guide the dynamic circulation impact device to move in the axial direction; the dynamic circulating impact device comprises an ultrasonic device, a fulcrum sleeve, an amplitude transformer, a fastening sleeve and a tool head, so that the axial force of the composite material hole wall fiber is released when the interference of a nail is inserted. According to the mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for the composite material component and the using method, the composite material structure interference nail inserting is carried out under dynamic cyclic impact loading, and the defects of layering, damage and the like of the hole wall of the composite material due to interference nail inserting connection are effectively inhibited by loading and unloading under medium-frequency cyclic impact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material component assembly, in particular to a dynamic cyclic impact loading interference nail inserting device for mechanical connection of surface composite material components and a using method.
Background
With the development and popularization of composite materials in engineering application, the requirements of aerospace and rail transit equipment on composite material assembly are gradually transited from a non-bearing structure to a secondary bearing structure and a bearing structure, and the connection modes mainly include blind rivet connection, bolt connection and glue connection. The interference nail inserting process before the assembly of the blind rivet and the bolt is also an important factor for determining the assembly quality. In the conventional interference inserting nail, the interference inserting nail is completed completely depending on axial pressure when a fastener enters a hole, so that the fibers in the hole wall area of the composite material have serious radial and annular high stress phenomena, and the hole wall has the defects of extrusion damage, instability, layering and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new technical solution to solve the above problems comprehensively.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite material component mechanical connection interference inserting nail device and a using method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device comprising:
the data acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, a data acquisition card and a displacement sensor for measuring the working stroke of the dynamic circulation impact device, wherein the data acquisition card acquires data and is connected with the computer terminal;
the fixing module comprises a fixing block, a fixing seat and a fixing seat cover plate arranged on the fixing seat and is used for connecting the power device and the dynamic circulating impact device;
the guide module comprises a slide block, a guide rail fixing plate and a guide rail and is used for limiting and guiding the dynamic circulation impact device to move in the axial direction;
the dynamic circulating impact device comprises an ultrasonic device, a fulcrum sleeve, an amplitude transformer, a fastening sleeve and a tool head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and is used for releasing the axial force of the composite material hole wall fibers when the nail insertion is interfered, wherein the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer.
The guide rail fixing plate is provided with a guide rail and a displacement sensor, the sliding block is arranged in the guide rail and movably arranged along the length direction of the guide rail, and the length direction of the guide rail is consistent with the axial direction of the dynamic circulation impact device; the power device is connected with the fixing seat through a power output end, the fixing block is arranged on the rear side of the fixing seat, the fixing seat is connected with the sliding block of the guide module through the fixing block, and the front side of the fixing block is connected with the fulcrum sleeve of the dynamic circulation impact device through the fixing seat cover plate.
The fixing seat cover plate is provided with a groove for installing a fulcrum sleeve, and the fulcrum sleeve is arranged on the fixing module through the groove.
The fixing seat is L-shaped, comprises a main seat and a side seat arranged at one end of the main seat, the fixing block is arranged on one side, far away from the side seat, of the L-shaped fixing seat, and the fixing seat cover plate is arranged above the side seat.
The application method of the mechanical connection interference pin inserting device for the composite material component comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a composite material component mechanical connection interference nail inserting device;
s2, opening the composite material component to mechanically connect the interference nail inserting device with the power device;
s3, turning on an ultrasonic transducer, adjusting the power of the ultrasonic transducer, setting the maximum displacement of the dynamic circulation impact device by using a displacement sensor, and connecting a data acquisition card with a computer;
and S4, starting the power device, and stopping working and returning when the dynamic circulation impact device reaches the displacement on-line value.
Wherein, the displacement upper limit value is set by adopting a displacement mode according to the length of the nail rod.
According to the technical scheme, the composite material component mechanical connection interference nail inserting device ensures stable and accurate control of the motion state of the dynamic circulation impact device driven by the power device in the working process by arranging the guide module; the dynamic circulating impact device and the power device are connected by arranging the fixing module so as to ensure stable work in the process of interference nail insertion; and a voltage force sensor is arranged between the dynamic circulation impact device and the power device to acquire and control the force of the inserted nail in real time, and a displacement sensor is arranged to limit the stroke of the tool head interfering the inserted nail. The composite material component mechanical connection interference nail inserting device can be directly installed on the existing interference nail inserting equipment, the structure of the existing interference nail inserting equipment is not changed, the installation is convenient, the operation is convenient, and compared with the traditional interference nail inserting device, the device has the advantages that the defects of extrusion damage, instability, layering and the like of the hole wall are caused because the hole wall of the composite material bears overlarge radial and annular high stress phenomena during the interference assembly of a fastener in the interference assembly, the lamination structure interference nail inserting quality and the nail inserting efficiency of the composite material can be effectively improved by using the dynamic circulation impact loading nail inserting mode, the assembly consistency and the assembly reliability are ensured, and the nail inserting efficiency is improved.
The mechanism of the interference nail inserting device for mechanical connection of the composite material component is that when the dynamic circulation impact device vibrates and moves downwards, the displacement mode of the tool head in the longitudinal direction is a sine function in an oblique direction, so that the fastener is under high-frequency circulation of impact loading and unloading, on one hand, the axial force release of the composite material hole wall fiber during interference nail inserting is realized by utilizing the circulation dynamic impact, the stress concentration is inhibited, and the uniformity and reduction of the stress at each part of a connection region of the interference nail inserting are ensured; on the other hand, compared with the traditional interference inserting nail, the inserting nail speed is reduced for preventing hole wall defects, and the inserting nail efficiency can be improved by using a dynamic cyclic impact loading inserting nail mode; therefore, the interference nail inserting method recorded by dynamic cycle impact can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of the composite material interference nail inserting with the laminated structure. Compared with the traditional composite material laminated structure fastener interference nailing equipment, the composite material laminated structure fastener interference nailing equipment has the following characteristics:
1) the interference nail inserting mode of dynamic cyclic impact loading is adopted to replace a common interference mode, so that the interference nail inserting efficiency is improved, the hole wall of the composite material is damaged due to overhigh process speed of common nail inserting, and the layering is generated on the end face of an outlet;
2) the reduction of the axial force and the radial force of the nail in the nail inserting process can be realized by fully utilizing dynamic cyclic impact loading, and the extrusion deformation of the fiber at the hole wall is reduced;
3) the dynamic cyclic impact releases the local stress concentration of the nail hole, can improve the stress uniformity of the matching surface area of the interference inserted nail, reduces the occurrence of hole wall defects and the probability of damage derivation, and effectively improves the interference inserted nail efficiency and the inserted nail quality of the laminated structure of the composite material;
4) extensive applicability, the fastener includes: common bolts, self-plugging rivets, high-locking bolts and self-piercing riveting;
5) the technology can be transferred to an interference plug pin hydraulic or screw motor power system, the whole device occupies small space, and the operation is simple;
6) the movement stroke is cooperated with the self-nailing action of the equipment, so that the automation is easy to realize and the high productivity is kept.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a dynamic cyclic impact device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fixing module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a guide module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the guide module of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the state of use of the interference nailing device for mechanical connection of composite material members according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a power plant; 11-pressing the cover plate at the upper end; 12-an upper support plate; 2-dynamic cyclic percussion devices; 21-an ultrasonic device; 22-fulcrum sleeve; 23-a horn; 24-a fastening sleeve; 25-a tool head; 3-fixing the module; 31-a fixed seat; 32-fixed block; 33-a permanent seat cover plate; 34-a groove; 4-a guiding module; 41-guide rail fixing plate; 42-a guide rail; 43-a slide block; 5-a data acquisition module; 51-a displacement sensor; 52-a pressure sensor; 6-a frame; 61-countertop.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is shown in figures 1-8, and the mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for the composite material component comprises:
the data acquisition module 5 comprises a pressure sensor, a data acquisition card and a displacement sensor 51 for measuring the working stroke of the dynamic circulating impact device 2, the data acquisition card acquires data and is connected with a computer terminal, the sensitivity error can reach 2%, and the acquisition frequency can reach 50KHz, so that the precision of the riveting force and the accuracy of data acquisition are ensured; the displacement sensor 51 has the precision within 0.01mm and the maximum stroke of 100 mm;
the fixed module 3 comprises a fixed block 32, a fixed seat 31 and a fixed seat cover plate 33 arranged on the fixed seat 31 and is used for connecting the power device 1 and the dynamic circulation impact device 2;
the guide module 4 comprises a slide block 43, a guide rail fixing plate 41 and a guide rail 42 and is used for limiting and guiding the dynamic circulation impact device 2 to move in the axial direction;
dynamic cycle impact device 2, including ultrasonic device 21, fulcrum sleeve 22, amplitude of fluctuation pole 23(10um ~ 60um), fastening sleeve 24 and tool head 25 that from the top down connects gradually, its axial force that is used for realizing compound material pore wall fibre when interfering the plug pin releases, and wherein ultrasonic device 21 includes supersonic generator (15KHz ~ 25KHz) and ultrasonic transducer.
The guide rail fixing plate 41 is provided with a guide rail 42 and a displacement sensor 51, the slide block 43 is arranged in the guide rail 42, the slide block 43 is movably arranged along the rail length direction of the guide rail 42, and the rail length direction of the guide rail 42 is consistent with the axial direction of the dynamic cycle impact device 2; the power device 1 is connected with the fixed seat 31 through a power output end, the fixed block 32 is arranged at the rear side of the fixed seat 31, the fixed seat 31 is connected with the sliding block 43 of the guide module 4 through the fixed block 32, and the front side of the fixed block 32 is connected with the fulcrum sleeve 22 of the dynamic circulation impact device 2 through the fixed seat cover plate 33; specifically, the connection side of the fixing seat 31 and the fixing seat cover plate 33 is provided with a groove 34 for mounting the fulcrum sleeve 22, and the fulcrum sleeve 22 is disposed on the fixing module 3 through the groove 34.
In addition, fixing base 31 is the L type, including the main base and set up the side seat in main base one end, and fixed block 32 sets up in the L type fixing base 31 one side far away from the side seat, and fixing base apron 33 sets up in the side seat top.
The composite material component mechanical connection interference nail inserting device is provided with a dynamic circulation impact device (in the embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20KHz, the amplitude is 10-60 um, and the maximum power is 3000W); the dynamic circulation impact device is provided with a corresponding fixing method according to the dynamic circulation impact device, an L-shaped fixed seat is arranged for ensuring the stable work of the structure, the dynamic circulation impact device and the equipment power device are fastened together by using a fixed seat cover plate, the cooperative motion of the dynamic circulation impact device and the equipment power device is ensured, and the fixed seat cover plate is used for pressing the fulcrum sleeve, so that the stability during impact loading is ensured; meanwhile, in order to ensure the axial movement precision of the dynamic circulation impact device, a guide module is arranged, a slide block and a fixed module are locked by a guide rail fixing plate, and the guide is carried out through the guide rail and the slide block; and finally, a piezoelectric force sensor is arranged and fixed between the power device and the ultrasonic transducer, and a displacement sensor is arranged and used for accurately measuring the working stroke.
The use method of the mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for the composite material component comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, an interference nail inserting device is arranged on a frame 6 of interference nail inserting equipment powered by hydraulic power or a screw motor through an upper end gland plate 11 and an upper supporting plate 12, as shown in a figure 8;
s2, placing the laminated plate to be inserted into the working table 61 and fixing the laminated plate by using a clamp (the pressure sensor 52 is arranged on a clamp tool on the working table);
s3, predicting the pressure required by the interference plug pins according to a simulation result, then setting the upper limit value of the working stroke of the riveting equipment by using the pressure and a displacement mode according to the length of the pin rod, wherein the diameter of the bolt is 6mm, the length of the pin rod is 13mm, and the interference amount is 3%;
s4, turning on an ultrasonic generator, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz in the embodiment, then adjusting the power of an ultrasonic transducer according to the requirement to change the amplitude, wherein the amplitude is in direct proportion to the power, so that the larger the power is, the larger the amplitude is, and the maximum value of the amplitude in the embodiment can reach 60 um;
s5, setting a displacement online value to be 20mm, connecting a data acquisition card with a computer, and opening corresponding data acquisition software to prepare for pressure real-time acquisition;
and S6, starting the power device, driving the dynamic circulation impact device to move downwards by the hydraulic cylinder, finishing the work until the displacement setting reaches the upper limit value of 20mm, and returning to the initial position to finish the interference nail inserting work.
The device and the method for mechanically connecting and interfering the inserting nail of the composite material component enable a fastener (a bolt and the like) to generate high-frequency vibration in a hole wall, release local stress concentration of the hole wall in the process of interfering the inserting nail by utilizing cyclic impact, ensure the uniformity of stress at each part of a matching surface of the interfering inserting nail, and improve the efficiency and the quality of the interfering inserting nail of the laminated structure of the composite material.
And (4) supplementary notes: the invention is suitable for the interference nail inserting process of titanium nails, aluminum nails and the like of various metal plates, fiber-reinforced and particle-reinforced insulating resin-based or rubber-based composite materials.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent changes and substitutions without departing from the principle of the present invention after learning the content of the present invention, and these equivalent changes and substitutions should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A composite material member mechanical connection interference nailing device, comprising:
the data acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, a data acquisition card and a displacement sensor for measuring the working stroke of the dynamic circulation impact device, wherein the data acquisition card acquires data and is connected with the computer terminal;
the fixing module comprises a fixing block, a fixing seat and a fixing seat cover plate arranged on the fixing seat; the dynamic cycle impact device is used for connecting the power device and the dynamic cycle impact device;
the guide module comprises a slide block, a guide rail fixing plate and a guide rail; for confining and guiding the dynamic cyclic percussion device in axial movement;
the dynamic circulating impact device comprises an ultrasonic device, a fulcrum sleeve, an amplitude transformer, a fastening sleeve and a tool head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the device is used for releasing the axial force of the composite material hole wall fibers when the interference nail insertion is realized, wherein the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer.
2. The composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of claim 1, wherein: the guide rail fixing plate is provided with a guide rail and a displacement sensor, the sliding block is arranged in the guide rail and movably arranged along the length direction of the guide rail, and the length direction of the guide rail is consistent with the axial direction of the dynamic circulating impact device; the power device is connected with the fixing seat through a power output end, the fixing block is arranged on the rear side of the fixing seat, the fixing seat is connected with the sliding block of the guide module through the fixing block, and the front side of the fixing block is connected with the fulcrum sleeve of the dynamic circulation impact device through the fixing seat cover plate.
3. The composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of claim 1, wherein: the connection side of the fixed seat and the fixed seat cover plate is provided with a groove for installing a fulcrum sleeve, and the fulcrum sleeve is arranged on the fixed module through the groove.
4. The composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of claim 1, wherein: the fixing base is L type, includes the main tributary seat and sets up the side seat in main tributary seat one end, the fixed block sets up the one side of keeping away from the side seat at L type fixing base, the fixing base apron sets up in the side seat top.
5. Use of a composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device according to any of claims 1-4, characterised by the steps of:
s1, installing a composite material component mechanical connection interference nail inserting device;
s2, opening the composite material component to mechanically connect the interference nail inserting device with the power device;
s3, turning on an ultrasonic transducer, adjusting the power of the ultrasonic transducer, setting the maximum displacement of the dynamic circulation impact device by using a displacement sensor, and connecting a data acquisition card with a computer;
and S4, starting the power device, and stopping working and returning when the dynamic circulation impact device reaches the displacement on-line value.
6. The method of using the composite member mechanical connection interference nailing device of claim 5, wherein: the displacement upper limit value is set by adopting a displacement mode according to the length of the nail rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010022249.8A CN111250963A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for composite material component and using method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010022249.8A CN111250963A (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Mechanical connection interference nail inserting device for composite material component and using method |
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| CN110394993A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-01 | 燕山大学 | The non-porous stamping rubber riveting connection method of fiber composite layer plywood and attachment device |
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| US3483611A (en) * | 1966-08-12 | 1969-12-16 | Cavitron Corp | Methods and apparatus for assembling parts together by ultrasonic energy |
| CN102756067A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2012-10-31 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Interference riveting method and device based on ultrasonic assistance |
| CN107848216A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-03-27 | 伍德韦尔丁公司 | Can be by the device and equipment of the method for means for engaging to object and suitable this method by ultrasonic vibration |
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| EP3332886A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-13 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method and assembly for monitoring self-piercing riveting |
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