EP3260692A1 - Moteur à combustion interne, notamment moteur à pistons alternatifs - Google Patents

Moteur à combustion interne, notamment moteur à pistons alternatifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3260692A1
EP3260692A1 EP17000954.2A EP17000954A EP3260692A1 EP 3260692 A1 EP3260692 A1 EP 3260692A1 EP 17000954 A EP17000954 A EP 17000954A EP 3260692 A1 EP3260692 A1 EP 3260692A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
combustion engine
internal combustion
wall
sliding element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17000954.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3260692B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Scharf
Stefan Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Truck and Bus SE filed Critical MAN Truck and Bus SE
Publication of EP3260692A1 publication Critical patent/EP3260692A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3260692B1 publication Critical patent/EP3260692B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/20—Other cylinders characterised by constructional features providing for lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1, a cylinder liner set according to the preamble of claim 14 and a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, with the internal combustion engine according to claim 15th
  • Internal combustion engines in particular reciprocating internal combustion engines, regularly have at least one cylinder which has a cylinder bore as a guide for a piston associated with the cylinder.
  • the coating can be formed, for example, by a PVD layer (PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition) or PA-CVD layer (Plasma Assured Chemical Vapor Deposition), in particular by DLC layers (DLC: diamond-like carbon coating).
  • a friction-reducing coating to reduce the friction between the cylinder wall and the associated piston.
  • a coating can be formed, for example, by a thermal spray coating or likewise by a DLC coating, in particular in conjunction with laser textures.
  • the coating of the cylinder bore or the cylinder wall forming the cylinder wall is often difficult, since the cylinder wall, in particular due to the diameter / height ratio of the cylinder, is regularly difficult to access.
  • the coating can therefore often not be applied with the desired coating quality.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in which the friction between the cylinder liner and the associated piston or the piston rings of the piston is reduced in manufacturing technology simple manner.
  • an internal combustion engine in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, proposed, with at least one, a cylinder bore having cylinder, wherein the cylinder bore forms a guide for a piston associated with the cylinder.
  • the cylinder bore is formed only partially by a cylinder wall of a crankcase or fixed to the crankcase cylinder liner, wherein the cylinder bore is formed on a, seen in the cylinder axial direction, central region through the crankcase side or cylinder liner side cylinder wall, wherein the crankcase side or cylinder liner side cylinder wall an upper region adjoining the central region at the top and / or at a lower region of the cylinder liner which adjoins the central region at the bottom, in particular in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, has a circumferential recess into which a one-part or multi-part annular sliding element is inserted; the radially inner sliding element wall forms part of the cylinder bore.
  • the friction between the cylinder and the piston / piston rings manufacturing technology can be easily reduced because the crankcase side or cylinder liner side cylinder wall at the top and / or bottom of the cylinder bore no longer needs to be provided with a friction-reducing coating to the friction between reduce the cylinder and the piston / piston rings.
  • the sliding element is now simply used at the upper and / or at the lower region, in particular at the upper and lower dead center of the cylinder bore with optimized sliding properties in the recess of the crankcase side or cylinder liner side cylinder wall.
  • the sliding properties of the respective sliding element can be optimized in terms of manufacturing technology particularly simple and efficient manner before its insertion into the respective depression as desired.
  • the sliding element prior to its insertion into the recess, can be easily provided with a friction-reducing surface coating. As a result, the process complexity and costs are significantly reduced compared to a coating of the crankcase side or cylinder liner side cylinder wall.
  • the central region of the cylinder bore is arranged such that, during operation of the internal combustion engine, essentially a hydrodynamic sliding bearing is formed between the cylinder wall and the associated piston.
  • a hydrodynamic sliding bearing is formed between the cylinder wall and the associated piston.
  • the upper and / or lower region of the cylinder bore is arranged such that mixed friction prevails thereon during operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular mixed friction and static friction, between the respective sliding element and the associated piston.
  • the friction between the cylinder bore and the associated piston can be particularly effectively reduced by means of the respective sliding element. It is preferably provided that during operation of the internal combustion engine at the upper and / or lower region of the cylinder bore, a friction coefficient between the respective sliding member and the associated piston in a range of 0.01 to 0.06 to the internal combustion engine to be particularly efficient to be able to operate.
  • the upper portion of the cylinder bore is formed by an upper end portion of the cylinder bore.
  • the lower portion of the cylinder bore is formed by a lower end portion of the cylinder bore.
  • the upper portion of the cylinder bore is arranged such that an outer sliding wall of the associated piston at least at the top dead center (TDC) of the piston is in contact with the sliding member.
  • TDC top dead center
  • the friction and wear of the cylinder bore can be reduced in a particularly effective manner.
  • the outer sliding wall of the piston at least in a crank angle range of the internal combustion engine from 10 ° crank angle before TDC to 15 ° crank angle to TDC in contact with the sliding element.
  • the term "piston” is here and hereinafter expressly to be understood in a broad sense and is intended to include not only the piston, but also the piston associated piston rings.
  • the lower region of the cylinder bore can also be arranged in such a way that an outer slide of the associated piston is in contact with the sliding element at least at bottom dead center (UT) of the piston.
  • UT bottom dead center
  • the outer sliding wall of the piston at least in a crank angle range of the internal combustion engine of 10 ° crank angle from UT to 15 ° crank angle to UT in contact with the sliding element.
  • the length or height of the cylinder bore is many times greater than the height of the annular sliding element. With such a height difference, the provision of the sliding elements according to the invention is particularly effective. Particularly preferably, the length or the height of the cylinder bore is at least four times as large as the height of the annular sliding element.
  • the material of the respective sliding element and the material of the cylinder wall has a substantially equal thermal expansion coefficient. As a result, it is reliably prevented that edges or discontinuities form between the crankcase-side or cylinder-liner-side cylinder wall and the respective sliding element as a result of temperature, so that a substantially smooth transition always prevails between the cylinder wall and the respective sliding element. It is preferably provided that the material of the sliding element and the material of the cylinder wall are formed substantially identical. In a preferred specific embodiment, the material of the sliding element and the material of the cylinder wall are made of steel, cast iron or aluminum.
  • the annular sliding element is coated on the inside with a sliding layer in order to further reduce the friction and wear of the internal combustion engine. It is preferably provided that the sliding layer DLC layer and / or by APS layer (APS: Atmospheric plasma spraying) is formed.
  • the APS layer may be formed, for example, metallic, metal-ceramic or all-ceramic.
  • a support layer or stabilization layer is provided between the sliding layer and a, in particular formed by aluminum, base material of the annular sliding element.
  • a support layer By means of such a support layer, the so-called eggshell effect, that is breaking of the layer by plastic deformation of, for example, the aluminum base material, is reliably counteracted.
  • the support layer is formed by a chemical nickel layer.
  • the radially inner sliding element wall of the respective sliding element has a lower surface roughness than a wall of the crankcase-side or cylinder liner-side cylinder wall forming the cylinder running surface.
  • the respective sliding element is in a planar contact connection with the crankcase or the cylinder liner in order to fasten the sliding element easily and reliably.
  • the sliding member is positively and / or cohesively, in particular by means of an adhesive connection or a welded joint, connected to the crankcase or the cylinder liner to secure the slider reliably on the crankcase or the cylinder liner.
  • the respective sliding element is fixed by thermal joining or mechanical pressing on the crankcase or the cylinder liner.
  • the recess of the cylinder wall seen in cross-section a substantially U-shaped contour to make the depression simple and function optimized.
  • the annular sliding element is formed in cross-section substantially rectangular in shape to make the annular sliding element manufacturing technology easy. More preferably, the sliding element is contour-matched in the associated recess.
  • a cylinder liner set is further claimed, with a, a cylinder bore forming cylinder liner.
  • the cylinder track is formed only partially by a cylinder wall of the cylinder liner, wherein the cylinder bore is formed on a, viewed in the cylinder-axial direction, central region through the cylinder wall of the cylinder liner, wherein the cylinder wall of the cylinder liner at an upper adjoining the central region upper Region and / or on a down to the central region adjoining the lower region of the cylinder bore a, in particular extending in the cylinder circumferential direction, circumferential recess, in each of which a one-piece or multi-part annular sliding element can be used as part of the set, wherein a radial inner sliding element wall of the sliding element used forms part of the cylinder bore.
  • a vehicle in particular a commercial vehicle, claimed with the internal combustion engine according to the invention.
  • the advantages resulting from the vehicle according to the invention are likewise identical to the already appreciated advantages of the internal combustion engine according to the invention, so that these are likewise not repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a part of an internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention shown in a sectional view.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 designed as a reciprocating internal combustion engine has a crankcase 3 and a cylinder liner 5 fixed to the crankcase 3.
  • the cylinder liner 5 is fixed here by way of example by means of a press connection to the crankcase 3.
  • the cylinder liner 5 has radially inward on a cylinder wall 7, which forms a cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1, in whose cylinder chamber 9 a dashed lines indicated piston 11 of the internal combustion engine 1 is arranged.
  • the cylinder wall 7 forms a central region 13 of a cylinder bore, seen in the cylinder axial direction x, by means of which the piston 11 is guided.
  • the cylinder wall 7 here has a circumferential recess 17 into which an example here one-piece annular sliding element 19 is inserted.
  • a radially inner sliding element wall 21 of the annular sliding element 19 here likewise forms part of the cylinder running path.
  • the cylinder wall 7 also has a circumferential recess 23, which is also seen in the cylinder axial direction x, downwardly adjoining the central region 13 in the lower region 22, into which an annular one-piece sliding element 25 is also used.
  • a radially inner sliding element wall 27 of the sliding element 25 here likewise forms part of the cylinder running path.
  • the sliding elements 19, 25 can be fixed to the cylinder liner 5, for example, by thermal joining or mechanical pressing.
  • the sliding elements 19, 25 are here for example substantially identical or identical in construction.
  • crankcase 3, the cylinder liner 5 made of cast iron (GJL) and the sliding elements 19, 25 are here made of steel.
  • the cylinder liner 5 and the sliding elements 19, 25 here form a cylinder liner set.
  • the upper region 15 of the cylinder bore or the upper sliding element 19 here forms, for example, an upper end region of the cylinder bore.
  • the lower region 22 or the lower sliding element 25 of the cylinder bore also forms a lower end region of the cylinder bore.
  • the cylinder pathway extends essentially from an upper side 29 of the upper slide element 19 over a cylinder bore length I ZLB to a lower side 31 of the lower slide element 25.
  • a height h G of the respective slide element 19, 25 is, for example, a multiple greater here as the length or the height of the cylinder bore l ZLB .
  • the upper region 15 of the cylinder bore or the sliding element 19 is here also arranged such that an outer sliding wall of the piston 11 at least in the upper Dead center (TDC) of the piston 11 in contact or in contact with the sliding element 19 is.
  • the lower portion 22 of the cylinder bore or the sliding member 25 is arranged such that the outer sliding wall of the piston 11 at the bottom dead center (UT) of the piston 11 in contact or in contact with the sliding member 25.
  • the cylinder wall 7 of the cylinder liner 5 continues here above the recess 17 with a wall portion 33 upwards.
  • the cylinder wall 7 continues here below the recess 23 with a wall portion 35 down.
  • the wall regions 33, 35 and a wall region 37 of the cylinder wall 7 located between the depressions 17, 23 have an identical diameter here by way of example.
  • the diameter of the cylinder wall 7 in comparison to the wall portions 33, 35, 37 is increased.
  • the central region 13 of the cylinder bore or the wall portion 37 of the cylinder wall 7 is here arranged such that forms substantially a hydrodynamic sliding bearing between the wall portion 37 of the cylinder wall 7 and the piston 11 during operation of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the upper portion 15 and the lower portion 22 of the cylinder bore or the recesses 17, 23 of the cylinder wall 7 are arranged such that during this operation of the internal combustion engine 1 mixed friction between the sliding elements 19, 25 and the piston 11 prevails.
  • the sliding elements 29, 25 are arranged here at those areas of the cylinder bore at which occurs during operation of the internal combustion engine 1 friction and therefore also a relatively high energy loss.
  • Fig. 2 shows, the respective recess 17, 23 and the respective wall portion 39, 41 of the cylinder wall 7 here, seen in cross-section, a substantially U-shaped contour.
  • the respective sliding element 19, 25 here according to Fig. 2 rectangular in cross-section.
  • the respective sliding element 19, 25 is here contour-adapted in the respective associated recess 17, 23, so that the respective sliding element 19, 25 with the exception of the respective radially inner sliding element wall 21, 27 in abutment with the respective wall portion 39, 41 of the cylinder wall 7 is.
  • the sliding elements 19, 25 are here also connected in a planar contact connection with the cylinder liner 5 and form-fitting with the cylinder liner.
  • the respective sliding element 19, 25 is here also coated on the inside or radially inward with a sliding layer 43, by means of which the friction between the sliding elements 19, 25 and the piston 11 is reduced.
  • This sliding layer 43 is preferably formed by a DLC layer or by an APS layer.
  • the sliding layer 43 is applied directly to the base body 45 of the respective sliding element 19, 25, which is formed here by way of example by means of steel.
  • the radially inner sliding element wall 21, 27 of the respective sliding element 19, 25 here also has, for example, a lower surface roughness than the wall region 37 of the cylinder wall 7.
  • the respective sliding member 19, 25 also formed here in one piece or by a closed ring in the circumferential direction.
  • Fig. 4 a second embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the respective sliding member 19, 25 not here in one piece, but formed in several parts.
  • the respective sliding element 19, 25 is made up of several, here by way of example three, ring segments 49.
  • the ring segments 49 are here substantially identical or identical.
  • Fig. 5 a third embodiment of the internal combustion engine 1 is shown.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 here no cylinder liner 5.
  • the cylinder wall 7 forming the cylinder is formed here by the crankcase 3 itself.
  • the crankcase 3 and the sliding elements 19, 25 are not made of steel here, but of aluminum.
  • a supporting layer 51 is additionally provided here between the sliding layer 43 and the base body 45 of the respective sliding element 19, 25, which is formed here by aluminum, by means of which the stability of the sliding layer 43 is increased or the eggshell effect of the sliding layer 43 is counteracted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
EP17000954.2A 2016-06-23 2017-06-06 Moteur à combustion interne, notamment moteur à pistons alternatifs Active EP3260692B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016007727.1A DE102016007727A1 (de) 2016-06-23 2016-06-23 Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3260692A1 true EP3260692A1 (fr) 2017-12-27
EP3260692B1 EP3260692B1 (fr) 2020-02-26

Family

ID=59054940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17000954.2A Active EP3260692B1 (fr) 2016-06-23 2017-06-06 Moteur à combustion interne, notamment moteur à pistons alternatifs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10539092B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3260692B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107542593B (fr)
BR (1) BR102017013590B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016007727A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2741523C2 (fr)

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DE3123080A1 (de) * 1981-06-11 1982-08-26 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart "laufbuechse fuer eine hubkolbenmaschine, insbesondere brennkraftmaschine"
JPS60155665A (ja) * 1984-01-24 1985-08-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd シリンダライナの製造方法
JPS61241564A (ja) * 1985-04-15 1986-10-27 Toyota Motor Corp 耐食耐摩耗性エンジンシリンダとその製造方法
JPH10246146A (ja) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd シリンダライナ
JPH11311501A (ja) * 1998-04-27 1999-11-09 Isuzu Ceramics Res Inst Co Ltd 摺動部材とその摩耗検知方法
DE112014003421T5 (de) * 2013-07-24 2016-06-02 Mahle International Gmbh Gleitanordnung

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Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB600156A (en) * 1945-09-28 1948-04-01 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to engine cylinders
DE3123080A1 (de) * 1981-06-11 1982-08-26 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart "laufbuechse fuer eine hubkolbenmaschine, insbesondere brennkraftmaschine"
JPS60155665A (ja) * 1984-01-24 1985-08-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd シリンダライナの製造方法
JPS61241564A (ja) * 1985-04-15 1986-10-27 Toyota Motor Corp 耐食耐摩耗性エンジンシリンダとその製造方法
JPH10246146A (ja) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd シリンダライナ
JPH11311501A (ja) * 1998-04-27 1999-11-09 Isuzu Ceramics Res Inst Co Ltd 摺動部材とその摩耗検知方法
DE112014003421T5 (de) * 2013-07-24 2016-06-02 Mahle International Gmbh Gleitanordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2741523C2 (ru) 2021-01-26
US10539092B2 (en) 2020-01-21
RU2017121939A3 (fr) 2020-07-27
DE102016007727A1 (de) 2017-12-28
EP3260692B1 (fr) 2020-02-26
BR102017013590A2 (pt) 2018-01-09
RU2017121939A (ru) 2018-12-24
BR102017013590B1 (pt) 2023-05-09
US20170370322A1 (en) 2017-12-28
CN107542593B (zh) 2021-12-03
CN107542593A (zh) 2018-01-05

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