EP3255227B1 - Assembly aid and method for replacing a support structure element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a mounting auxiliary construction for a multi-component support structure for the creation of freedom from load on a particular support structure element. The creation of load-freedom on an element serves, for example, to replace or revise this. The invention further relates to a method for replacing a support structure element.
In the maintenance and repair of overhead power towers for power transmission lines, which represent supporting structures in the context of the invention, components of the mast, for example, its corner handles to replace and renew as a result of changing loads or damage.

In the prior art, various possibilities are known and described, as the load of the mast is intercepted so that an exchange or installation of individual support structure elements of a mast is possible.
Part of the methods and associated devices are based on extending the support pole. In this case, the upper portion of the support mast is raised and thus increased so that maintenance work can be carried out at the lower portion.
A common method of raising the upper portion of the mast is to elevate it by means of a crane which stabilizes the high voltage mast and by raising the upper portion of the mast provides the necessary clearance to change components.

However, such a crane is susceptible to wind and has a large footprint. The work with the help of a crane is always accompanied by the risk that the mast can lurch through gusts of wind and possibly even brought down. An assembly is considerably more difficult. Another disadvantage is that the large footprint often requires approval procedures for the use of adjacent land and beyond the delivery of a crane requires paved roads, the construction of which can be very complex depending on the environment. There are also disadvantages with large mast height and possibly required power cut-off.

Another way to increase a support pole without having to resort to a crane is in the DE 43 01 467 A1 disclosed. A method and apparatus for lifting a transmission tower is described. The goal is to increase the overhead lines to ensure a greater distance from the ground and thus avoid malfunction and to endanger man and nature less. A lifting device increases the mast which is separated from its mast base and is in operation, so that the mounting of a prepared mast part results in the entire mast being longer and the overhead lines correspondingly increased. The lifting device is constructed around the mast, so that still a significant additional area is claimed by the lifting device and a separate foundation is necessary.

Other devices and methods for elevating transmission towers are in the DE 198 10 521 A1 as well as in the DE 101 17 399 A1 disclosed. Both documents describe a lifting device which is connected in at least two levels with the transmission tower and disposed within the overhead line mast.

In this case, there is the lifting device, which in the DE 198 10 521 A1 discloses a mounting tower and a lifting frame. The upper section of the Mast is raised with the help of the vertically movable lifting frame, so that work can be carried out on the lower section of the mast.

In the DE 101 17 399 A1 a device is described, which consists of a central mast and a lifting device and which allows replacement of components of the overhead line mast during operation. The cross section of the central mast is square and the foundation is also located within the overhead mast.

With the device after the DE 101 17 399 A1 Although the problem of additional space requirement is solved, the large and heavy lifting equipment and the central mast are however complicated to transport and can not be built without own foundation. So the fixed lifting devices need their own foundation, which in many cases requires ground investigation.
A principal disadvantage of the above-described methods and devices is the fact that the upper portion of the mast is increased. After completing the maintenance of the upper mast section is then lowered again and fixed to the lower mast section. To prepare for this re-fixation, often a thorns of the fixation openings is necessary. In this case, with the help of suitable metal mandrels, which are introduced into the openings, ensured that the openings are superimposed and a fixation by means of screws is possible. This thorn is laborious and can cause dangerous microcracks. But it is essential because the upper mast section undergoes a strong change in position during lifting and subsequent lowering. This method is suitable for small and light loads as well as masts with significantly reduced wind loads.

A method for replacing a damaged area of a steel transmission tower and a suitable device for replacement is in the JP 2001268758 A described. A lifting device is used to compensate for tensile or compressive forces.

In the prior art is in the JP 2014-117130 A describes a support structure and a method which is used to relieve a mast from an upper portion of a mast. As a result, a material examination can be carried out on the mast element. The auxiliary structure is mounted above and below the spanned and relieved mast element on the mast by means of a clamping device. By means of a lifting device, such as a Spindelhubgetriebe, the auxiliary structure can be adjusted so that a power dissipation through the auxiliary construction is made possible.

In the JP 2009215801 A discloses a method of repairing in part a part of a mast. In this case, a repair device is fastened by means of a welded connection to the mast. About lifting devices load freedom on the mast can be made, which allows the repair work.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a more cost-effective, safer and structurally simpler alternative that allows the exchange of elements of the support structure, such as main structural members and in particular corner posts.

The object is achieved by an article having the features according to patent claim 1 and a method having the features according to independent patent claim 10. Further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The object of the invention is achieved in particular by a mounting auxiliary construction, which creates load-free freedom on a central component support structure to be replaced on a multi-component supporting structure.

The auxiliary installation construction comprises at least one An assembly support construction element and a lifting gear, wherein the auxiliary assembly construction element and the lifting gear are connected to each other in series and load transfer. Furthermore, the auxiliary assembly construction is designed such that it can span the central support structure element of the support structure and can be connected in a load-transmitting manner to the adjacent support construction elements.

A multi-component support structure according to the invention is, for example, a high-voltage mast, a telephone pole or other truss structure of several elements. A support structure element is an element of such a support structure, which also derives load, so is statically relevant.

In this context, the load acting on a component load or load in the context of the invention, the sum or resulting to understand all external forces acting on the component.

For an application of the auxiliary assembly construction for the replacement of supporting structural elements, such as corner posts of support poles, so that specifically from above or below acting load, ie the force acting from above or below pressure or tensile force meant. Accordingly, load-free means that the forces acting on a component cancel out or the sum of the forces is at least reduced so much that the support structure element can be removed under suitable external circumstances without thereby appreciably altering the statics of the mast , Unsuitable external circumstances are, for example, hurricane wind, which leads to unacceptable loads within the supporting structure. In order to be able to remove the element or the component for an application for the removal of an element of the support structure, the auxiliary assembly construction must accordingly create a counterforce, which leads to a load freedom of the support structure element to be removed.

The replaced supporting structure element, whose load freedom is to be achieved, is the over-stretchable by the auxiliary assembly construction component and is therefore as a central support structure element between two other elements of the support structure. The auxiliary assembly construction is connected on both sides of this central support structure element with the support structure.
For an application of the auxiliary assembly design for replacement of corner posts on masts, the mast consists of a lower mast section, which also includes the foundation, an overhead spanned mast section including the center support structure element and an upper mast section above. The mounting auxiliary construction can then be connected to the mast at the lower and upper mast sections. A central support structure to be replaced can in particular also be a corner post positioned near the foundation from a lower mast section of a support mast. In the case of the corner handle at the bottom of the mast, the auxiliary assembly is attached to the underlying foundation, or to the mast base and the mast above.

A mast shot refers to a section of a mast. This section of the mast is often pre-assembled to avoid lengthy, weather-dependent work at high altitude.

The auxiliary assembly construction according to the invention comprises at least one assembly auxiliary construction element and at least one lifting gear. These two components must be connected in the direction of action serial and load transferring. This means that the auxiliary assembly construction element, for example a mounting corner post, and the screw jack are arranged one behind the other in such a way that the screw jack acts on the auxiliary assembly construction element in the direction of the axis of the auxiliary assembly construction element and thus the connection Assembly auxiliary construction element and screw jack by the extension and retraction of the lifting gear is designed to be variable in length. For an application of the invention in the exchange of elements of the support structure, such as corner stems of transmission towers, a direction of action of the lifting gear with at least vertical portion is suitable. An auxiliary assembly construction, which causes a counterforce acting along the direction of force, can take over the load of the support structure element. Load-transmitting in the context of the invention is a connection between two components, if one of the two components load can be transferred to the second component, so the load can be derived from the one to the second component.

Hubgetriebe in the context of the invention are all transmissions that produce a hub. In particular mechanical lifting gear, such as the execution as a screw jack, which allow a very fine adjustment and which can absorb both tensile and compressive forces are suitable. But there are also other types of transmission available. The gearboxes can be designed pneumatically or hydraulically.
According to the invention, a control and regulating unit is provided which adjusts the lifting gear automatically, whereby the load freedom can be automated. Thus, the change of a support structure element on a transmission tower can be further simplified and errors can be avoided.

According to the conception, the assembly aid construction, like a corset around the mast, is attached directly to it, so that the auxiliary installation construction does not require its own foundation. The auxiliary assembly construction spans an element of the supporting structure whose load freedom is to be achieved in the direction of the acting force or the load. The auxiliary mounting structure is attached to the mast in such a way that a load acting on the support structure to be replaced is discharged or intercepted.

In the case of no load freedom of the component to be removed, a force acts from the above section of the mast on the auxiliary assembly construction on the lower part of the mast. This leads to the effect that the previously acting on the component to be removed force is compensated.

It is particularly advantageous that when using the auxiliary assembly construction, a movement of the upper part of the overhead line mast is avoided. As a result, it is not necessary to align the upper part of the mast again on the lower part of the mast. A thorn of the fixing holes to connect the two mast parts together again, is therefore not required and there is no risk of resulting microcracks.
If necessary, no or only a smaller crane is required for lifting the components of the auxiliary installation construction for the installation of the auxiliary installation construction. This usually eliminates the time-consuming road construction for the use of a large crane and the crane footprint is greatly reduced. For this reason, the installation within the route is particularly advantageous, whereby no permits for the use of adjacent land are required.

Another decisive advantage of the invention is the fact that the auxiliary assembly construction can be reused and the montage technical preparation effort is low. Furthermore, due to the small dimensions of the auxiliary assembly construction, the requirement for the size of the storage conditions for the provision of the elements of the auxiliary assembly construction is small.
Since the auxiliary assembly construction is low in both size and cost, it is possible to use a plurality of auxiliary assembly structures in multiple locations simultaneously. This leads to a strong construction time reduction.

With the help of the invention, a high personnel as well as material mounting security in compliance with legal and be guaranteed by professional association regulations.

In addition, the mounting principle is universally applicable to different voltage levels and different mast series. Accordingly, the method is independently applicable. After a briefing or a trial assembly, the assembly aid construction can be used and used by a person skilled in the art with assembly training without additional expert knowledge.

An advantage of the invention is further that no separate foundation is needed, but the existing mast foundation can be used. Additional subsoil investigations can be avoided.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the auxiliary assembly construction, the auxiliary assembly construction element and the lifting gear are formed integrally as one element.

The mounting auxiliary construction can advantageously comprise a screw jack, a ball screw or a rack gear as a screw jack.
In particular, lifting gear, which are driven pneumatically or hydraulically, are suitable for the auxiliary assembly construction.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the auxiliary assembly construction can be used to span a plurality of supporting structure elements simultaneously. In this advantageous embodiment, a plurality of screw drives are preferably arranged within the auxiliary assembly construction.

The mounting auxiliary construction is in particular designed so that a shot of an overhead line mast can be spanned as a supporting structure by the auxiliary assembly construction. In the case of this advantageous Embodiment, the Montagehilfskonstruktion Montageeckstiele, an upper console frame, a lower console frame and a horizontal frame with horizontal bandage and each at one end of the Montageeckstieles a lifting gear on.

The screw jack of the auxiliary installation construction can in particular generate and absorb tensile and compressive forces.

The mounting auxiliary construction is designed in such a way that the lifting gear has a force sensor and that a control and regulating device for load-dependent control and regulation of the lifting gear are provided to create the no-load. Such automation can lead to a further increase in efficiency in the application of the mounting auxiliary construction.

The method for replacing a supporting structural element by means of a mounting auxiliary construction according to the invention comprises the following steps. It is a mounting auxiliary construction attached to the support structure, wherein the support structure to be replaced is spanned. Subsequently, the screw jack is such a retracted or extended that the load to be replaced is replaced on the support structure element to be replaced. Then, the support structure element is removed, whereupon the new support structure element is installed. Finally, the lifting gear is retracted or extended to load the newly installed support structure element. Finally, the assembly aid construction is dismantled again.

The method described above can be used in particular for the replacement of corner posts on transmission towers. The mounting auxiliary construction is thereby mounted on the overhead line mast that the relevant shot of the overhead line mast is covered with the replaced Eckstiel. Because the whole shot in which the Corner handle is installed, is spanned, of course, also the corner handle is spanned. The lifting gear of the assembly auxiliary construction are then adjusted so that the Eckstiel to be replaced is free of load. Then the load-free corner handle is removed and replaced by a new corner handle. Subsequently, the auxiliary assembly construction is relieved, wherein the screw jack are adjusted again so that the load is no longer derived via the auxiliary assembly construction, but on the new corner post. Finally, the auxiliary assembly construction is dismantled from the overhead line mast.

An outstanding advantage of the method according to the invention is the possibility of carrying out a Eckst interest exchange even in the operating state of the overhead line, so under tension. For the maintenance and repair work no shutdown of the lines is required.

The screw jack are controlled by a control and regulating device such that the support structure to be replaced is automatically kept free of load.

Fig. 1:

Teil eines Tragmastes mit montierter Montagehilfskonstruktion und

Fig. 2:

Seitenansicht einer Montagehilfskonstruktion.

Further details, features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1:

Part of a support mast with mounted auxiliary installation construction and

Fig. 2:

Side view of a mounting auxiliary construction.

In Fig. 1 an auxiliary assembly construction 1 is shown, which is attached to an overhead tower 3 to existing fixing holes 5. Alternatively, if necessary, fixing openings 5 can be introduced into the overhead line mast 3 at a suitable position and corresponding to the fastening means of the auxiliary assembly structure 1. The assembly auxiliary construction 1 spans a shot 16 of the transmission tower 3 completely. The mounting auxiliary structure 1 is attached to the overlying shot 15 and the underlying shot 17 load-bearing. The transmission tower 3 is generally constructed like a truss of rods 14. These bars 14 may in particular also be corner handles 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 of the individual shots 15, 16, 17. The Eckstielwechsel can be performed at the central corner post 2.2 from the spanned by the auxiliary mounting structure 1 shot 16. The central corner stem 2.2 to be exchanged is connected directly or indirectly to the upper corner stem 2.1 on one side and directly or indirectly to the lower corner stem 2.3 on the other side. In this case, the load, which was originally derived by the Eckstiel 2.2 to be replaced, derived from the upper shot 15 on the mounting auxiliary structure 1 on the lower weft 17. The overhead power pole 3 spanning mounting auxiliary structure 1 is constructed of several assembly auxiliary construction elements 6 itself truss-like and has, not shown, functionally lifting gear on.

In Fig. 2 a more detailed side view of a mounting auxiliary structure 1 is shown. The mounting auxiliary structure 1 consists of mounting auxiliary construction elements 6, which also include mounting corner handles, which are connected to each other via box brackets 10 and an attached upper console frame 7. A lower connection of the Montageeckstiele is also given a horizontal frame with horizontal bandage 9, which gives the auxiliary assembly construction 1 additional stability.
The lower end of the mounting corner handles is in each case connected to a lifting gear 4, which achieves the necessary length adjustment and performs the work to create the no-load on the corner posts 2 of the overhead line mast 3. Overall, the mounting auxiliary construction 1 comprises four assembly auxiliary construction elements 6 and four lifting gear 4, wherein in the side view only two are shown. The lifting gear 4 are installed between the assembly auxiliary construction elements 6 and further box brackets 10. At the box consoles 10 is a lower console frame. 8 appropriate.
The stability of the auxiliary assembly construction 1 is additionally achieved by a truss-like infill. The infill shown here consists of assembly aid construction elements 6 for the vertical infill 11 and the auxiliary installation construction elements 6 of the horizontal interlocking lattice framework 12. The auxiliary installation construction elements 6, the horizontal frame 9 and the individual installation auxiliary construction elements 6 of the infill 11, 12 are only partially illustrated by means of gusset plates 13 , connected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Mounting auxiliary construction

2.1

Supporting structure element, which is located above or laterally of the spanned by the auxiliary assembly construction shot, upper Eckstiel

2.2

supporting structure element to be replaced, middle corner post, supporting construction element to be replaced, middle supporting construction element

2.3

Supporting structure, which is located below or laterally of the spanned by the auxiliary assembly construction shot, lower corner post, foot anchor an overhead line mast

3

Supporting structure, overhead power pole

4

Screw Jack, Screw Jack

5

pegging

6

Mounting auxiliary construction element

7

Upper console frame

8th

Lower console frame

9

Horizontal frame with horizontal bandage

10

box console

11

Sloping or vertical infill

12

horizontal infill

13

gusset plate

14

Bars of the framework of the mast

15

Upper shot

16

spiked shot

17

Lower shot

Claims (11)

1. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) for a multi-component support structure (3) for removing the load on an exchangeable supporting structure element (2.2), whereby the auxiliary assembly structure (1) comprises at least one auxiliary assembly structure element (6) and a lifting gear (4), whereby the auxiliary assembly structure element (6) and the lifting gear (4) are connected to one another serially and in a load-transmitting manner, and the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is arranged such that it may span over the exchangeable supporting structure element (2.2) of the supporting structure (3) and is designed such that it can be connected to the adjacent supporting structure elements (2.1, 2.3) in a load-transmitting manner in each case, characterised in that the lifting gear (4) has a force sensor and a control and regulating device is provided for load-dependent control and regulation of the at least one lifting gear (4) in order to remove the load.
2. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure element (6) and the lifting gear (4) are arranged as a one-piece element.
3. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) uses elevating screw gearing (4) as the lifting gears (4).
4. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) uses rack and pinion gearing or a ball screw drive as the lifting gears (4).
5. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) uses pneumatic or hydraulic lift gearing (4) as the lifting gears (4).
6. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is arranged such that it may be concurrently spanned by multiple supporting structure elements (2.2), whereby multiple lift gears (4) are arranged within the auxiliary assembly structure (1).
7. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is designed such that it can span a weft (16) of an overhead line mast (3) as a supporting structure (3).
8. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the auxiliary assembly structure (1) comprises the auxiliary assembly structure elements (6) an upper console frame (7), a lower console frame (8) and a horizontal frame with a horizontal bracing (9) as well as a lifting gear (4) at one end of each auxiliary assembly structure element (6).
9. An auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the lifting gear (4) is designed so as to be capable of generating and absorbing tensile and compressive forces.
10. A method for replacing a supporting structure element (2.2) with an auxiliary assembly structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

    - Installation of the auxiliary assembly structure (1), whereby the supporting structure element (2.2) to be replaced is spanned,

    - Extension or retraction of the lifting gear (4) in order to remove the load on the exchangeable supporting structure element (2.2), whereby the lift gears (4) are controlled via the control and regulating device in such a way that the supporting structure element (2.2) to be replaced is kept free from load,

    - Removal of the load-free exchangeable supporting structure element (2.2),

    - Installation of a new supporting structure element (2.2),

    - Retraction or extension of the lifting gear (4) to apply load the new installed supporting structure element (2.2) and

    - Dismantling of the auxiliary assembly structure (1).
11. A method according to claim 10
    characterised in that

    - an auxiliary assembly structure (1) for replacing corner posts (2.2) is attached to the overhead line mast (3) so as to span the relevant section of an overhead line mast (3),

    - the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is adjusted by means of a lifting gear (4) so that the corner post (2.2) to be replaced is load-free,

    - then the load-free corner post (2.2) is removed and replaced by a new corner post,

    - the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is then unweighted and

    - finally, the auxiliary assembly structure (1) is dismantled from the overhead line mast (3).

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