EP3254781A1 - Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments - Google Patents

Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3254781A1
EP3254781A1 EP16746338.9A EP16746338A EP3254781A1 EP 3254781 A1 EP3254781 A1 EP 3254781A1 EP 16746338 A EP16746338 A EP 16746338A EP 3254781 A1 EP3254781 A1 EP 3254781A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminum pipe
hole
clinching
joining members
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP16746338.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3254781A4 (fr
Inventor
Yasuhiro Maeda
Jiro Iwaya
Junya Naitou
Hideto Katsuma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/JP2016/050046 external-priority patent/WO2016125507A1/fr
Publication of EP3254781A1 publication Critical patent/EP3254781A1/fr
Publication of EP3254781A4 publication Critical patent/EP3254781A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
    • B21D39/032—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing by fitting a projecting part integral with one plate in a hole of the other plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • B21D39/044—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods perpendicular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
    • B21D39/203—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable expandable by fluid or elastic material
    • B21D39/206—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable expandable by fluid or elastic material by axially compressing the elastic material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for joining members.
  • high-strength steel sheets composed of so-called high-tensile steel are used. Although effective for weight reduction and improved safety, such high-tensile steel is still heavy compared with low specific gravity materials, such as aluminum. Moreover, high-tensile steel is problematic in terms of low formability due to its high strength, increasing forming load, and also low dimensional accuracy. In order to solve these problems, a multi-material process that involves using a steel component together with an extruded product, a molded product, or a press-formed product that use aluminum, which has lower specific gravity than steel sheets, has been performed in recent years.
  • a problem with this multi-material process is in the joining of the steel component and the aluminum component.
  • fragile intermetallic compounds IMC
  • joining techniques such as an electromagnetic-forming joining technique, a screw-fastening technique typified by bolts and nuts, a friction-stir-welding (FSW) technique, a riveting technique, a self-piercing-riveting (SPR) technique, a mechanical clinching technique, and a bonding technique, are put to practical use.
  • a clinching process based on electromagnetic forming involves inserting a solenoid forming coil into a pipe-shaped component fitted to a counterpart component and causing induced current to occur in the pipe serving as a conductor in accordance with a changing magnetic field occurring as a result of applying impulse current to the coil.
  • An electromagnetic force is generated between the magnetic field caused by primary current in the coil and the induced current flowing oppositely in the circumferential direction of the pipe, and the pipe receives an outward force and thus expands, thereby becoming clinched to the counterpart component.
  • This joining method is suitable for copper and aluminum, which have high electric conductivity, and is put to practical use in some techniques for joining together automobile components.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a clinching technique based on electromagnetic forming for performing a multi-material process.
  • a bumper reinforcement member formed of a metallic material that is hollow in cross section is caused to expand by electromagnetic forming and is engaged with holes provided in a bumper stay composed of an aluminum alloy so as to be joined thereto.
  • electromagnetic forming is suitable for clinching a hollow component composed of copper or aluminum having high electric conductivity to a counterpart component, and a circular shape is preferred due to this joining mechanism.
  • the joining technique based on electromagnetic forming requires that the inner diameter of the solenoid coil to be used be smaller than that of the aluminum component (i.e., aluminum pipe).
  • the diameter of a coil is to be reduced when joining together small-diameter components, there are problems in terms of difficulties in manufacturing of the coil, as well as performance and durability thereof.
  • difficulties in manufacturing it is difficult to form a conductor into the shape of a coil, leading to stricter limitations with respect to the material and the cross-sectional shape of the conductor.
  • the conductor cross-sectionally deforms when being formed into the shape of a coil.
  • a new capital investment becomes necessary, such as requiring a large-capacity high-voltage capacitor.
  • the joining is not possible if the aluminum component has an angular cross-sectional shape, a hole, or a slit.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for joining members, by which two members can be joined together at low cost while reducing the load on the members and increasing the joint strength.
  • the present invention provides a joining method including: preparing a first member and a hollow second member, the first member having a first section provided with a first hole; fitting the second member into the first hole in the first member so as to cause the second member to extend through the first section; inserting an elastic body into the second member; and compressing the elastic body in a direction of an axis of the second member so as to cause the elastic body to expand from an inner side toward an outer side, and thus causing at least a part of the second member fitted in the first hole to expand so as to become clinched to the first section.
  • the elastic body is caused to expand outward so that the second member expands uniformly, thereby preventing local deformation and reducing the load on the members.
  • the second member can be uniformly deformed by utilizing the properties in which the elastic body compressed in the direction of the axis expands uniformly from the inner side toward the outer side. Therefore, fit accuracy can be improved, thereby achieving increased joint strength.
  • this is an easier method, as compared with an electromagnetic forming method or other machining methods.
  • An electromagnetic forming method is usable only on electrically conductive materials and has limitations with respect to cross-sectional shapes and dimensions depending on coils to be used. In contrast, this method is not dependent on materials and has no limitations related to cross-sectional shapes and dimensions.
  • the method is executable in a facility that applies a compressive force to the elastic body, an electrical facility that requires a large-capacity capacitor is not necessary. Consequently, the two members can be joined together at low cost.
  • a shape of the first hole in the first member may be analogous to a cross-sectional shape of the part of the second member fitted in the first hole.
  • the first member and the second member have shapes analogous to each other so that the joining process can be performed by causing the second member to expand uniformly, thereby preventing local load from occurring in the first member and the second member.
  • an outer-frame mold may be disposed at the outer side of the second member, and at least a part of the second member may be formed to extend along the outer-frame mold so as to become clinched.
  • the second member can be deformed to a freely-chosen shape by using outer-frame molds with various inner-surface shapes.
  • the deformation shape can be appropriately selected in view of, for example, component performance and can be set in accordance with the intended purpose.
  • an outer-frame mold may be disposed at the outer side of the second member, and clinching may be performed while partially limiting expansion of the second member by using the outer-frame mold.
  • an expanding region of the second member is regulated, so that the expanding region can be controlled with high accuracy.
  • This expanding region refers to a region in which the second member expands outward.
  • the second member may also be compressed in the direction of the axis when the elastic body is compressed.
  • the second member is also compressed in the direction of the axis so as to assist with outward expansion of the second member. Specifically, together with the expanding force applied by the elastic body from the inner side of the second member, the second member can be expanded more reliably, thereby enabling clinching.
  • an edge of the first hole may be burred.
  • the edge of the hole in the first member is burred so that the strength of the hole and the first section of the first member can be increased. Consequently, the first member can be prevented from deforming, the second member can be prevented from being damaged, and the joint strength between the two members can be increased.
  • a surface different from a surface provided with the first hole may have a bead section protruding in the direction of the axis, and clinching may be performed by including the bead section.
  • the two members can be fixed to each other more securely, and the joint strength therebetween can be further increased.
  • the second member has a circular cross-sectional shape, the second member can be prevented from rotating relative to the first member.
  • the first member may include a second section having a second hole and may be clinched to the second member at the first hole and the second hole.
  • clinching is performed at two locations so that the joint strength can be further increased, as compared with the case where clinching is performed at a single location.
  • the elastic body may be split at a joining section between the first member and the second member.
  • the elastic body is split at the joining section so that deformation of the joining section of the first member can be prevented.
  • the elastic body is split such that the elastic body is not disposed near the joining section, whereby the second member does not receive an expanding force from the elastic body near the joining section and thus does not expand near the joining section. Consequently, the first member does not receive a force from the second member near the joining section, so that the shape of the joining section can be maintained.
  • a plate may be inserted between split pieces of the elastic body.
  • the plate exists in the joining section so that deformation of the joining section of the first member can be prevented more reliably. Because the plate does not expand even by receiving a compressive force in the direction of the axis, an expanding force is not applied to the joining section, so that the joining section can maintain its original shape more reliably.
  • the second member may include an outer wall provided with a partition wall therein and extending in the direction of the axis, and clinching may be performed by inserting a plurality of the elastic bodies in spaces partitioned by the partition wall.
  • the second member may include an end surface inclined relative to the axis, and opposite end surfaces of the elastic body in the direction of the axis may be parallel to the inclined surface.
  • this method can be used for clinching the first member and the second member together in an inclined state, which is often seen from a practical standpoint.
  • opposite end surfaces of the elastic body are given the same angle as the joining angle, so that the elastic body expands uniformly, whereby the second member can be expanded uniformly.
  • the first member may include an upright wall parallel to the axis, and clinching may be performed while restraining deformation of the upright wall by using a fixation jig.
  • deformation of the first member is restrained by the jig, so that deformation of the first member caused by expansion of the second member can be suppressed.
  • the second member is caused to expand uniformly by causing the elastic body to expand from the inner side toward the outer side, thereby preventing local deformation and reducing the load on the members. Therefore, fit accuracy can be improved, thereby achieving increased joint strength. Moreover, since this is an easier method, as compared with an electromagnetic forming method or other machining methods, the two members can be joined together at low cost.
  • materials of individual components are exemplified in the embodiments described below, the materials of the components in all of the embodiments are particularly not limited to the exemplified materials, and the present invention is applicable to arbitrary materials.
  • the steel component 10 is composed of high-tensile steel and has a shape of a channel.
  • the steel component 10 includes a bottom wall (first section) 11, two side walls 12 and 13 extending vertically upward from the base wall 11, and upper walls 14 extending horizontally outward from the two side walls 12 and 13.
  • the bottom wall 11 is provided with a hole (first hole) 15 in which the aluminum pipe 20 is fittable.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is composed of an aluminum alloy, has a hollow and circular cross-sectional shape, and extends along an axis L. The axis L extends through the center of the aluminum pipe 20 and through the center of the hole 15 in the steel component 10.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 expands from the inner side toward the outer side so that an upper edge 21 thereof in the drawing is pressed and bent, whereby the aluminum pipe 20 becomes clinched to the hole 15 in the steel component 10.
  • the hole 15 in the steel component 10 preferably has a shape analogous to the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum pipe 20 and a size that is as small as possible within a range in which the aluminum pipe 20 is fittable therein.
  • the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together in accordance with the following procedure.
  • the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together by using a rubber piece (elastic body) 30.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is fitted into the hole 15 in the steel component 10, the rubber piece 30 is inserted into the aluminum pipe 20, and the components are set in a pressing device 40.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 may be fitted into the hole 15 in a state where the rubber piece 30 is inserted in the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the pressing device 40 includes an indenter 43 and a strike plate 42.
  • the indenter 43 has a flat lower surface and uses the lower surface to press against the steel component 10 or the rubber piece 30.
  • the strike plate 42 has a flat upper surface, and the steel component 10 and the rubber piece 30 are placed on the upper surface.
  • the rubber piece 30 has a columnar shape with a diameter that allows it to be insertable into the aluminum pipe 20, and has an overall length that is larger than that of the aluminum pipe 20. Therefore, when in the set state, the rubber piece 30 partially protrudes from the upper end of the aluminum pipe 20. Thus, when the pressing device 40 begins pressing such that the strike plate 42 and the indenter 43 relatively approach each other, the rubber piece 30 is pressed first. However, the rubber piece 30 does not necessarily have to protrude from the upper end of the aluminum pipe 20, and may alternatively be flush with the upper end of the aluminum pipe 20 or be accommodated therein.
  • the pressing device 40 applies a compressive external force to the rubber piece 30 along the axis L.
  • the rubber piece 30 dimensionally enlarges in the diameter direction as its size decreases along the axis L. Accordingly, the rubber piece 30 is caused to elastically deform (expand) outward from the axis L, thereby causing the aluminum pipe 20 to expand.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is further expanded by being further compressed by the pressing device 40.
  • the upper edge 21 in the drawing is pressed and bent toward the steel component 10, so that the aluminum pipe 20 becomes clinched to the steel component 10.
  • the rubber piece 30 from which the compressive force of the pressing device 40 has been removed restores its original shape with its own elastic force, as shown in Fig. 2D , so that the rubber piece 30 can be readily removed from the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the rubber piece 30 is expanded outward so that the aluminum pipe 20 expands uniformly, thereby preventing local deformation and reducing the load on the members 10 and 20.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 can be uniformly deformed by utilizing the properties in which the rubber piece 30 compressed along the axis L expands uniformly from the inner side toward the outer side. Therefore, fit accuracy can be improved, thereby achieving increased joint strength.
  • this is an easier method, as compared with an electromagnetic forming method or other machining methods.
  • An electromagnetic forming method is usable only on electrically conductive materials and has limitations with respect to cross-sectional shapes and dimensions depending on coils to be used. In contrast, this method is not dependent on materials and has no limitations related to cross-sectional shapes and dimensions. Moreover, since the method is executable in a facility that applies a compressive force to the rubber piece 30, an electrical facility that requires a large-capacity capacitor, as in the electromagnetic forming method, is not necessary.
  • this method can be used on members composed of various materials other than the two components composed of high-tensile steel and an aluminum alloy. The same applies to the subsequent embodiments.
  • the material used as the rubber piece 30 to be inserted into the aluminum pipe 20 is preferably, for example, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, CNR rubber (chloroprene rubber + nitrile rubber), or silicon rubber. Moreover, it is preferable that the rubber piece 30 have a Shore A hardness of 30 or higher.
  • a member to be inserted into the aluminum pipe 20 is not limited to the rubber piece 30.
  • a fluid sealing member 32 having gas or liquid sealed therein may be used in place of the rubber piece 30.
  • Other members that expand outward in accordance with a compressive force so as to expand the aluminum pipe 20 are also usable. It is preferable that the member deforms uniformly like the rubber piece 30 when expanding outward in response to a compressive force.
  • the shape and size of the hole 15 provided in the bottom wall 11 of the steel component 10 do not have to be analogous to the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum pipe 20 to be fitted thereto.
  • a steel component 10 having a circular hole 15 and an aluminum pipe 20 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape may be clinched together as in Fig. 4A
  • a steel component 10 having a rectangular hole 15 and an aluminum pipe 20 having a circular cross-sectional shape may be clinched together as in Fig. 4B .
  • a burring process (flange-up process) may be performed on the hole 15 for preventing deformation of the steel component 10, for reducing damages to the aluminum pipe 20, and for increasing the clinching strength.
  • Conceivable shapes obtained as a result of the burring process include, for example, various cross-sectional shapes shown in Figs. 5A to 5C .
  • a shoulder section 15a has a large radius.
  • the shoulder section 15a is chamfered.
  • a rolling process is employed. Accordingly, even in a case where the steel component 10 has high strength, cracking of the steel component 10 as a result of machining can be effectively prevented.
  • the burring process may be performed in the upward direction or the downward direction in the drawings.
  • the burring process is performed in the downward direction in the drawing such that a part that is bent as a result of the burring process does not appear on the top surface of the steel component 10.
  • Figs. 6A and 6B there are various conceivable shapes, such as a circular shape (see Fig. 6A ) or a rectangular shape (see Fig. 6B ), for the hole 15 that is to undergo the burring process.
  • corner sections 15b may be cut out, and only straight side sections 15c may be bent upward, as shown in Fig. 6B , so that the corner sections 15b can be prevented from cracking.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 7A and 7B is similar to that in the first embodiment in Figs. 2A to 2D except for a feature related to an outer-frame mold 41. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 2A to 2D will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together by using the outer-frame mold 41.
  • the outer-frame mold 41 has a cylindrical shape concentric with the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the outer-frame mold 41 is disposed between the strike plate 42 and the steel component 10 and at the outer side of the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 and the outer-frame mold 41 have a gap therebetween.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 can conform to the shape of the inner surface of the outer-frame mold 41 when the aluminum pipe 20 expands, as shown in Fig. 7B .
  • the inner surface of the outer-frame mold 41 may have various polygonal shapes, such as a hexagonal shape (see Fig. 8B ) or a cross shape (see Fig. 8C ), in addition to the cylindrical shape (see Fig. 8A ).
  • an appropriate shape can be selected in view of, for example, component performance.
  • the inner surface of the outer-frame mold 41 may be given small recesses and protrusions so that these small recesses and protrusions are transferred onto the aluminum pipe 20, thereby achieving enhanced performance for absorbing impact energy in the event of a collision.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 9A to 10B is similar to that in the first embodiment in Figs. 2A to 2D except for a feature related to an expanding region 22 of the aluminum pipe 20. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 2A to 2D will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the rubber piece 30 to be inserted into the aluminum pipe 20 is reduced in length, such that the rubber piece 30 is disposed only near the joining section of the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the strike plate 42 has a columnar protrusion 42a extending upward.
  • the protrusion 42a is inserted into the aluminum pipe 20 and supports the rubber piece 30. In other words, the lower end of the rubber piece 30 is in contact with the upper end of the protrusion 42a, and the upper end of the rubber piece 30 is in contact with the lower end of the indenter.
  • an outward expanding force does not act on the part where the rubber piece 30 is not disposed.
  • the expanding region 22 of the aluminum pipe 20 is limited, so that the aluminum pipe 20 and the steel component 10 can be clinched together by causing only the region near the joining section of the aluminum pipe 20 to expand.
  • Selection of whether the aluminum pipe 20 is to be substantially entirely deformed as in the first and second embodiments described above or whether the aluminum pipe 20 is to be partially deformed as in this embodiment may be made, as appropriate, based on, for example, the relationship with the component performance.
  • a cylindrical outer-frame mold 44 that regulates expansion of the aluminum pipe 20 may be disposed therearound.
  • the outer-frame mold 44 has, at the upper end thereof, a large-diameter section 44a with a large inner diameter near the joining section so as to expand only near the joining section.
  • the inner diameter excluding that of the large-diameter section 44a is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the aluminum pipe 20. Therefore, by using the outer-frame mold 44, the expanding region 22 can be controlled with high accuracy such that the aluminum pipe 20 expands only near the joining section.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 11A and 11B is similar to that in the third embodiment in Figs. 10A and 10B except for a feature related to the shape of the indenter 43. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 10A and 10B will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the indenter 43 included in the pressing device 40 has a downwardly-tapered truncated-cone shape and has a protrusion 43a and a brim 43b.
  • a high forming force is required for expanding the edge 21 of the aluminum pipe 20 protruding upward from the steel component 10, and there are cases where the clinching is insufficient with the deformation of the rubber piece 30 alone or the durability of the rubber piece 30 may become a problem due to large deformation thereof. In such cases, the method according to this embodiment is effective.
  • the upper edge 21 of the aluminum pipe 20 protruding upward from the steel component 10 is pressed and expanded outward directly by the protrusion 43a of the indenter 43 without the intervention of the rubber piece 30, and is further bent toward the steel component 10. This enables more secure clinching. Moreover, the durability of the rubber piece 30 is improved since excessive load does not act on the rubber piece 30.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 12A and 12B is similar to that in the first embodiment in Figs. 2A to 2D except for a feature related to the shapes of the indenter 43 and the strike plate 42. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 2A to 2D will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the strike plate 42 includes a columnar protrusion 42a extending upward and a brim 42b provided around the protrusion 42a.
  • the indenter 43 includes a columnar protrusion 43a extending downward and a brim 43b provided around the protrusion 43a.
  • the protrusions 42a and 43a are inserted in the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the brims 42b and 43b when performing pressing, come into contact with the respective ends of the aluminum pipe 20. Thus, the brims 42b and 43b apply compressive forces along the axis L onto the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is also compressed along the axis L so as to assist with outward expansion of the aluminum pipe 20. Specifically, together with the expanding force applied by the rubber piece 30 from the inner side of the aluminum pipe 20, the aluminum pipe 20 can be expanded more reliably, thereby enabling clinching.
  • an outer frame 45 is also effective to dispose an outer frame 45 at the outer side of a part of the aluminum pipe 20 that is not to be expanded (i.e., the edge 21 in this embodiment).
  • the outer frame 45 is cylindrical and is disposed around the edge 21 of the aluminum pipe 20. By disposing the outer frame 45, deformation of the edge 21 of the aluminum pipe 20 is regulated, so that a shape according to the intended use can be obtained.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 14A to 17B is similar to that in the first embodiment in Figs. 2A to 2D except for a feature related to the number of joining sections. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 2A to 2D will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together at two locations.
  • the steel component 10 includes a bottom wall 11, an upper wall (second section) 14 disposed parallel to the bottom wall 11, and two side walls 12 and 13 connecting these walls, all of which constitute a closed cross section.
  • the bottom wall 11 is provided with a hole 15 (first hole).
  • the upper wall 14 is provided with a hole 17 (second hole).
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is clinched to these two holes 15 and 17.
  • Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view during a clinching process.
  • the indenter 43 is used to press and bend the edge 21 of the aluminum pipe 20 toward the steel component 10 as in the first embodiment, and the aluminum pipe 20 is further expanded so as to be clinched to the upper hole 17 in the drawing.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is clinched to the lower hole 15 in the drawing by being simply expanded.
  • the joint strength can be further increased, as compared with the case where clinching is performed at a single location.
  • the clinching method using the rubber piece 30 is the same as the case where clinching is performed at a single location in terms of the facility used, and is thus effective since the method can easily be used when performing clinching at a plurality of locations.
  • the shape of the steel component 10 or the aluminum pipe 20 when performing clinching at two locations is not limited to the above.
  • the steel component 10 may have a hat-channel shape, as shown in Figs. 15A and 15B , or another shape.
  • the entire aluminum pipe 20 may be freely expanded when performing the clinching process.
  • the outer-frame mold 44 described with reference to Figs. 7A and 7B only the regions of the aluminum pipe 20 near the joining sections may be clinched by being expanded, as shown in Fig. 17B .
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 18A and 18B is similar to that in the sixth embodiment in Fig. 16 except for features related to joining locations and bead sections 12a and 13a. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Fig. 16 will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the two side walls 12 and 13 are respectively provided with the bead sections 12a and 13a.
  • the bead sections 12a and 13a are inward protrusions and extend along the axis L.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is entirely clinched to the hole 15 in the bottom wall 11 and to the bead sections 12a and 13a of the two side walls 12 and 13.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 and the steel component 10 are clinched together by including the bead sections 12a and 13a of the side walls 12 and 13 so that the joint strength can be further increased.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 and the steel component 10 are clinched together by including the bead sections 12a and 13a, rotation of the aluminum pipe 20 relative to the steel component 10 can be regulated.
  • the bead sections 12a and 13a are effective for preventing the aluminum pipe 20 from rotating.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Fig. 19 is similar to that in the seventh embodiment in Fig. 18A except for a feature related to split rubber pieces 30. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Fig. 18A will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the rubber piece 30 is split near the hole 15.
  • the rubber piece 30 is split at the hole 15, that is, at the joining section, so that deformation of the hole 15 and the bottom wall 11 of the steel component 10 can be prevented.
  • an expanding force is not applied to the hole 15, so that the hole 15 and the bottom wall 11 can maintain their original shapes.
  • a tabular plate 31 be inserted between the rubber pieces 30 split at the joining section and inserted in the aluminum pipe 20.
  • the plate 31 may be composed of metal or resin so long as it is strong enough not to deform in response to a compressive force received from the rubber piece 30, and preferably has a thickness of 15 mm or smaller.
  • the plate 31 exists in the joining section so that deformation of the hole 15 and the bottom wall 11 of the steel component 10 can be prevented more reliably. Because the plate 31 does not expand, an expanding force is not applied to the hole 15, so that the hole 15 and the bottom wall 11 can maintain their original shapes.
  • a rubber piece 30 partially composed of a different material may be used, as in Fig. 20B .
  • the rubber piece is a non-split single piece but has a high-hardness section 30a near the joining section.
  • the rubber piece 30 has a high hardness only in a part thereof near the joining section.
  • this high-hardness section 30a has a function similar to that of the plate 31, so that the hole 15 and the bottom wall 11 can maintain their original shapes.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 21A to 22B is similar to that in the fifth embodiment in Figs. 9A and 9B except that the steel component 10 is replaced with a cylindrical resinous tube component 50. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the cylindrical resinous tube component 50 having a flange at the upper end thereof and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together.
  • the target member does not have to be tabular or be composed of metal.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 deforms outward in response to a compressive force applied along the axis L from the rubber piece 30 so as to expand. Therefore, this method is not limited to be used on electrically conductive materials, as in the electromagnetic forming method, and can also be used on resin materials, and the shape is not limited to the tabular shape.
  • Figs. 22A and 22B are cross-sectional views illustrating states before and after the resinous tube component and the aluminum pipe in Fig. 21A are clinched together. As shown in Figs. 22A and 22B , the aluminum pipe 20 is clinched to the cylindrical resinous tube component 50 by being expanded at the opposite ends thereof.
  • a cylindrical aluminum stay (second member) 120 is clinched to a closed-cross-section steel bumper beam (first member) 110 having a partition 111 in the middle.
  • the steel bumper beam 110 has openings 113 and 113 at opposite sides thereof. The openings 113 and 113 are separated from each other by the partition 111.
  • a top plate 114 (see Fig. 26A ) of the steel bumper beam 110 is shown in a removed state in Fig. 23 .
  • a bulging jig 150 including a round-rod-shaped rubber piece 130, a tabular steel plate 131, and a narrow round rod 140 composed of steel is used.
  • a through-hole 112 into which the narrow round rod 140 is insertable is provided in the middle of the rubber piece (elastic body) 130 and the tabular plate 131.
  • One end of the round rod 140 is provided with a brim 141 for preventing the rubber piece 130 from falling out.
  • the rubber piece 130 is split into two, one of which is provided with a countersunk hole 132 to which the brim 141 of the round rod 140 is fittable.
  • the tabular plate 131 is placed on the rubber piece 130 with the countersunk hole 132 facing downward, the other rubber piece 130 is placed thereon, and the round rod 140 is subsequently inserted from below.
  • the plate 131 has a circular shape with an outer diameter of ⁇ 83.5 mm and a thickness of 10 mm.
  • the rubber pieces 130 used are composed of urethane rubber and have a circular shape with an outer diameter of ⁇ 83.5 mm, a length of 50 mm, and a Shore A hardness of 90.
  • Fig. 24B illustrates a state where the aluminum stay 120 is fitted in the hole (hole) 112 (see Fig. 23 ) provided in the steel bumper beam 110, and the aforementioned bulging jig 150 is inserted in the aluminum stay 120.
  • the steel bumper beam 110 is processed into a closed-cross-sectional shape having a partition 111 in the middle by roll-forming a 1470-MPa-class cold-rolled steel plate having a thickness of 1.4 mm and has a circular hole 112 having an outer diameter of ⁇ 90.2 mm formed in the joining section with the aluminum stay 120.
  • the partition 111 in the middle is partially removed.
  • the aluminum stay 120 is formed of a circular pipe composed of an aluminum alloy A6063 and having a thickness of 3 mm, an outer diameter of ⁇ 90 mm, and a length of 150 mm.
  • FIG. 25A illustrates a state where the steel bumper beam 110, the aluminum stay 120, and the bulging jig 150 are set on a lower mold 152, and a presser jig 151 is disposed thereon.
  • This state is set in the pressing device 40 (see Figs. 2A to 2D ), and a slide having the presser jig 151 set thereon is lowered so as to apply a compressive force to the rubber pieces 130.
  • pressure along the axis L of the aluminum pipe 20 is not applied, as shown in Figs. 9A and 9B .
  • Fig. 25B illustrates a state where the slide is at the bottom dead center.
  • the rubber pieces 130 are compressed by the presser jig 151 so as to expand in the horizontal direction, thereby bulge-forming the aluminum stay 120. Because the tabular plate 131 is inserted, the joint surface of the steel bumper beam 110 does not receive an excessive force so that undesired deformation is suppressed, whereby a clinching process with high fit accuracy is completed.
  • Figs. 26A and 26B illustrate the steel bumper beam 110 and the aluminum stay 120 upon completion of the clinching process.
  • Fig. 26A is a cross-sectional view of the steel bumper beam 110 and the aluminum stay 120 in a clinched state
  • Fig. 26B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXVI-XXVI.
  • This embodiment is characterized in that the joint strength is high since clinching can be achieved at the middle partition 111 in addition to clinching at the hole 112 provided in the steel bumper beam 110 due to expansion of the aluminum stay 120 caused by the rubber pieces 130 shown in Fig. 26B .
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 27A to 27F is similar to that in the fifth embodiment in Figs. 9A and 9B except that the aluminum pipe 20 has a partition wall 23 therein and a plurality of rubber pieces 30 are inserted in the aluminum pipe 20. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 has outer walls 24 extending along the axis L and having a rectangular shape in cross section and the partition wall 23 provided inside the outer walls 24.
  • the space inside the aluminum pipe 20 is divided into four spaces by the partition wall 23 having a cross shape in plan view.
  • the cross-sectional shape is not limited to the rectangular shape and may be a freely-chosen shape.
  • the indenter 43 As shown in Figs. 27B and 27C , the indenter 43 according to this embodiment is provided with a cutout 43c in conformity to the shape of the partition wall 23. By providing the cutout 43c, the clinching process can be completed without interference with the aluminum pipe 20 even when the rubber pieces 30 are pressed.
  • the clinching process is performed by using the plurality of rubber pieces 30 (i.e., four in this embodiment), concentration of stress caused by deformation can be prevented, so that the load on the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 can be reduced.
  • each rubber piece 30 is not limited in particular.
  • the corners of the four inserted rubber pieces 30 may be round-chamfered so as to reduce the load on the corners of the aluminum pipe 20, thereby preventing cracking and damaging.
  • C-chamfering may be performed, similarly to round-chamfering.
  • steel L-shaped angles 46 may be disposed along the partition wall 23 within the aluminum pipe 20. Consequently, the load on the partition wall 23 can be reduced, thereby suppressing deformation.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 28A and 28B is similar to that in the fifth embodiment in Figs. 9A and 9B except that the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are joined together in an inclined state. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 has an end surface 25 inclined relative to the axis L.
  • the steel component 10 is bent and is placed on an inclined surface 42c.
  • the aluminum pipe 20 is placed on the inclined surface 42c in a state where the inclined end surface 25 is in contact therewith, and is clinched to the steel component 10. Therefore, the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 are clinched together in an inclined state.
  • Opposite end surfaces 30b and 30c of the rubber piece 30 according to this embodiment are formed and disposed parallel to the inclined end surface 25 of the aluminum pipe 20.
  • a pressing surface 43d of the indenter 43 is also formed parallel to the end surfaces 30b and 30c of the rubber piece 30.
  • this method can be used for clinching the steel component 10 and the aluminum pipe 20 together in an inclined state, which is often seen from a practical standpoint.
  • the opposite end surfaces 30b and 30c of the rubber piece 30 are given the same angle as the joining angle, so that the rubber piece 30 expands uniformly, whereby the aluminum pipe 20 can be expanded uniformly.
  • a joining method according to this embodiment shown in Figs. 29A to 29D is similar to that in the fifth embodiment in Figs. 9A and 9B except that the steel component 10 is joined in a state where deformation thereof is restrained by a fixation jig 47. Therefore, parts identical to those in the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B will be given the same reference signs, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the steel component 10 has a bottom wall 11 and an upright wall 18 extending along the axis L from the bottom wall 11.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum pipe 20 before the clinching process is not particularly limited and may be circular (see the dashed line in Fig. 29A ) or rectangular (see the dashed line in Fig. 29B ).
  • the fixation jig 47 for suppressing deformation is provided at the outer side of the steel component 10.
  • the fixation jig 47 is disposed along the upright wall 18 and is fixed from the directions of the arrows in the drawings so as not to move outward.
  • the fixation jig 47 used in this embodiment is tabular, the shape of the fixation jig 47 is not limited to this shape and may alternatively be a freely-chosen shape that can suppress deformation.
  • the steel component 10 may deform in a warping manner when clinching is performed (see Fig. 29D ).
  • the fixation jig 47 deformation of the steel component 10 is restrained, so that deformation, such as warping, of the steel component 10 caused by expansion of the aluminum pipe 20 can be suppressed (see Fig. 29E ).
EP16746338.9A 2015-02-06 2016-01-04 Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments Pending EP3254781A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2015022573 2015-02-06
JP2015124075A JP6454233B2 (ja) 2015-02-06 2015-06-19 部材の接合方法
PCT/JP2016/050046 WO2016125507A1 (fr) 2015-02-06 2016-01-04 Procédé d'assemblage d'éléments

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EP3254781A1 true EP3254781A1 (fr) 2017-12-13
EP3254781A4 EP3254781A4 (fr) 2018-10-10

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EP (1) EP3254781A4 (fr)
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US11110874B2 (en) 2017-03-17 2021-09-07 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Method for joining members and joined body
EP3988226A4 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2022-08-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Corps assemblé et son procédé de production

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US11052446B2 (en) * 2016-09-28 2021-07-06 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Method for joining members, and joint body
US11110874B2 (en) 2017-03-17 2021-09-07 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Method for joining members and joined body
EP3988226A4 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2022-08-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Corps assemblé et son procédé de production
US11946580B2 (en) 2019-08-08 2024-04-02 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Joined body and method for producing same

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CN107206464B (zh) 2020-03-24
CN110842092A (zh) 2020-02-28
CN107206464A (zh) 2017-09-26
JP2016147309A (ja) 2016-08-18
US20180015527A1 (en) 2018-01-18
JP6454233B2 (ja) 2019-01-16
JP6628858B2 (ja) 2020-01-15
EP3254781A4 (fr) 2018-10-10
CN110842092B (zh) 2021-05-07
US20190210089A1 (en) 2019-07-11
US20190210088A1 (en) 2019-07-11
JP2019055431A (ja) 2019-04-11

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