EP3250849B1 - Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogénique embarquée sur un navire - Google Patents

Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogénique embarquée sur un navire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3250849B1
EP3250849B1 EP16703571.6A EP16703571A EP3250849B1 EP 3250849 B1 EP3250849 B1 EP 3250849B1 EP 16703571 A EP16703571 A EP 16703571A EP 3250849 B1 EP3250849 B1 EP 3250849B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
ship
vapor
pipes
top wall
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16703571.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3250849A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Jean
Karim Chapot
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Priority to PL16703571T priority Critical patent/PL3250849T3/pl
Publication of EP3250849A1 publication Critical patent/EP3250849A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/037—Orientation with sloping main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0341—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0355—Insulation thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/021—Avoiding over pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of storage and transport facilities for a cryogenic fluid on board ships and comprising one or more sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes.
  • the tank (s) may be intended to transport cryogenic fluid or to receive cryogenic fluid serving as fuel for the propulsion of the ship.
  • Liquefied natural gas transport vessels have a plurality of tanks for the storage of cargo.
  • the liquefied natural gas is stored in these tanks, at atmospheric pressure, at about -162 ° C and is thus in a state of two-phase liquid-vapor equilibrium so that the heat flux is exerted through the walls of the tanks. tends to cause liquefied natural gas to evaporate.
  • each tank is associated with a sealed pipe for discharging the vapor produced by the evaporation of the liquefied natural gas.
  • a sealed vapor discharge pipe is described in particular in the application. WO2013093261 , for example.
  • the pipe passes through a wall of the tank and opens into the upper part of the internal space of the tank and thus defines a vapor passage between the interior space of the tank and a steam collector arranged outside the tank.
  • the vapor thus collected can then be transmitted to a re-liquefaction installation with a view to then reintroducing the fluid into the tank, to energy production equipment or to a degassing mast provided on the deck of the ship.
  • An idea on which the invention is based is to propose an installation for storing and transporting a cryogenic fluid on board a ship which makes it possible to reduce the risks that such pockets of gas in vapor phase isolated form at the inside a tank without being able to be evacuated.
  • the invention provides an installation for storing and transporting a cryogenic fluid on board a ship, the installation comprising a sealed and thermally insulating tank intended for storing the cryogenic fluid in a two-phase equilibrium state liquid-vapor, said tank having a horizontal ceiling wall comprising in the thickness direction from the outside towards the inside of the tank at least one thermally insulating barrier and a sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid; the installation comprising at least two sealed pipes penetrating through the tank so as to define a passage for evacuating the vapor phase of the cryogenic fluid from the inside towards the outside of the tank, the two pipes each comprising one end of collection opening into the interior of the tank at the level of the waterproofing membrane of the ceiling wall; the collection ends of said two pipes opening into the interior of the tank at two zones of the ceiling wall located at two opposite ends of said ceiling wall.
  • At at least one of the two pipes opens into an elevated area of the ceiling wall and is thus able to evacuate the vapor phase of the cryogenic fluid stored in the tank.
  • the invention also provides a ship comprising a said installation.
  • the ship is a ship intended for the transport of cryogenic fluid, such as an LNG carrier for example.
  • cryogenic fluid such as an LNG carrier for example.
  • the ship is a ship powered by engine means supplied with cryogenic fluid.
  • the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a ship, in which a cryogenic fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the tank. of the ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a cryogenic fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the double hull of the vessel to a floating storage installation. or terrestrial and a pump to drive a flow of cryogenic fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel.
  • a ship 1 equipped with a storage and transport installation of liquefied natural gas which comprises four tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 sealed and thermally insulating.
  • Each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 is associated with a degassing mast 7 which is provided on the deck of the ship 1 and allowing the escape of the gas in vapor phase during an overpressure inside the tank 2, 3, 4, 5 associated.
  • Aft of the ship 1 is provided a machine compartment 6 which conventionally comprises a mixed-feed steam turbine capable of operating either by combustion of diesel oil, or by combustion of evaporation gas from tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 .
  • the tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 have a longitudinal dimension extending in the longitudinal direction of the vessel 1.
  • Each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 is bordered at each of its longitudinal ends by a pair of partitions transverse 8, 9 delimiting a sealed intermediate space, known by the term "cofferdam" 10.
  • the tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 are thus separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam. It is thus observed that the tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 are each formed inside a carrying structure which is constituted, on the one hand, by the double hull of the ship 11 and, on the other hand by the one of the transverse partitions 8, 9 of each of the cofferdams 10 bordering the tank 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 has a polyhedral shape defined by a horizontal bottom wall 12, a horizontal ceiling wall 13 and transverse walls 14 and side 15, 16, 17 connecting the bottom wall 12 and the ceiling wall 13.
  • each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 has an octagonal section, seen in section along a transverse vertical plane.
  • the tank 2, 3, 4, 5 has vertical side walls 15 and inclined side walls 16, 17 each connecting one of the vertical side walls 15 to the ceiling wall 13 or to the bottom wall 12
  • the transverse walls 14 are vertical.
  • the bottom 12, ceiling 13 and side walls have a rectangular shape.
  • the transverse walls 14 have an octagonal shape.
  • the tanks have a hexagonal section.
  • the vertical side walls 15 extend downward to the bottom wall 12 and the transverse walls 14 therefore have a hexagonal shape.
  • the shape of a tank 2, 3, 4, 5 is described above by way of example and that numerous modifications can be made to it.
  • the other walls of the tank can be partially or entirely curved.
  • the tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 are membrane tanks.
  • Each tank wall comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 18 comprising heat-insulating elements juxtaposed on the support structure and anchored thereto by secondary retaining members, a membrane of secondary sealing 19 carried by the secondary thermally insulating barrier 18, a primary thermally insulating barrier 20 comprising heat-insulating elements juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary sealing membrane 19 by primary retaining members and a primary sealing membrane 21, carried by the primary thermally insulating barrier 20 and intended to be in contact with liquefied natural gas in the tank.
  • liquefied natural gas is stored at pressures close to atmospheric pressure.
  • the membrane tanks are produced according to the NO96 technology which is described in particular in the document. FR2968284 A1 .
  • the heat-insulating elements are for example formed by insulating boxes comprising a bottom panel and a parallel cover panel, spaced along the thickness direction of the insulating box, load-bearing elements extending along the thickness direction, optionally peripheral partitions, and a heat-insulating lining housed inside the insulating boxes.
  • the bottom and cover panels, the peripheral partitions and the supporting elements are for example made of wood or of composite thermoplastic material.
  • the thermal insulation may consist of glass wool, cotton wool or a polymer foam, such as polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam or polyvinyl chloride foam or a granular or pulverulent material.
  • the primary 21 and secondary 19 sealing membranes comprise a continuous sheet of metal strakes with raised edges, said strakes being welded by their raised edges on parallel welding supports held on the insulating boxes.
  • the metallic strakes are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically of the order of 7.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the membrane tanks are produced according to the Mark III technology which is described in particular in the document. FR2691520 A1 .
  • the heat-insulating elements are, for example, constituted by a layer of insulating polymeric foam sandwiched between two plywood sheets glued to said layer of foam.
  • the insulating polymer foam can in particular be a polyurethane-based foam.
  • the heat-insulating elements of the secondary thermally insulating barrier are covered with a secondary sealing membrane 19 formed of a composite material comprising an aluminum sheet sandwiched between two sheets of glass fiber fabric.
  • the primary sealing membrane 21 is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates, welded to each other along their edges, and having corrugations extending in two perpendicular directions.
  • the metal plates are, for example, made of stainless steel or aluminum sheets, shaped by bending or stamping.
  • the waterproofing membrane can be made with sheets whose thickness is more or less important, the thickness of the waterproofing membrane being capable of varying between a few tenths of a millimeter and several centimeters.
  • the installation comprises, for each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 four steam evacuation pipes 22, 23, 24, 25 penetrating through the tank so as to define an evacuation passage for the vapor produced by the evaporation of liquefied natural gas in the tank.
  • the steam evacuation pipes 22, 23, 24, 25 open at the level of the four corner zones of the ceiling wall 13.
  • each steam evacuation pipe 22, 23, 24, 25 is connected to a manifold 26 disposed at the level of the cofferdam 10 adjacent to the corner zone into which said pipe opens.
  • the two pipes 22 and 25, on the one hand, and 23 and 24, on the other hand, which open at the same longitudinal end of the ceiling wall 13 are connected to the same collector 26.
  • the collectors 26 which are arranged at the level of the cofferdams 10 separating two neighboring tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 are connected to the two pipes 22, 25 or 23, 24 of each of the two neighboring tanks .
  • Such an arrangement thus makes it possible to optimize the number of collectors 26 required.
  • the valves for example solenoid valves, are suitable for being controlled remotely, for example, from the deck of the ship.
  • each of the valves can be opened or closed depending on the inclination of the attitude and the inclination of the cottage.
  • each manifold 26 is connected only to the two steam discharge pipes 22, 25 or 23, 24 of the same tank. Consequently, for each cofferdam zone 10 separating two neighboring tanks, two collectors 26 respectively collect the steam coming from one and the other of the two neighboring tanks. Such an arrangement makes it possible to prevent liquefied natural gas from passing from one tank to another when the collected vapor is intended to be reinjected into the tanks.
  • Each manifold 26 is both connected to a steam injection pipe 41 capable of allowing the reinjection of the vapor collected in the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas stored in the tank and to a degassing mast 7 via a safety valve 42.
  • connection ring 27 formed by '' an assembly of several welded sheets, made of invar® for example.
  • the connection ring 27 is fixed to two wings 28, 29 perpendicular to the transverse wall 14 and welded to the transverse partition 9 of cofferdam and to two wings 30, 31 perpendicular to the ceiling wall 13 and welded to the internal partition of the double hull of the ship.
  • the connection ring 27 comprises a set of primary sheets 38, 39 carrying primary anchoring surfaces on which are welded metal strakes 32, 33 of the primary sealing membrane 21 and ensuring the continuity of the sealing membrane primary 21.
  • the connecting ring 27 comprises a set of secondary sheets 36, 37 carrying secondary anchoring surfaces on which are welded metal strakes 34, 35 of the secondary sealing membrane 19 and ensuring continuity of the secondary waterproofing membrane 19.
  • the steam evacuation pipe 22 is bent and has a horizontal portion 22a connected by a bent portion 22b to a vertical portion 22c, the end of which opens into the internal space of the tank.
  • the horizontal portion 22a passes through an opening formed in the transverse partition 9 of cofferdam and extends to the primary thermally insulating barrier 20 of the ceiling wall 13, crossing the secondary thermally insulating barrier 18 of the wall transverse 14 and the sets of secondary plates 36, 37 and primary 38, 39 of the connection ring 27.
  • the vertical portion 22c passes through an opening formed in the primary sealing membrane 21 of the ceiling wall 13 so that the collection end of the pipe 22 opens into the interior of the tank.
  • the collection end of line 22 can be fitted with a filter 44.
  • the discharge pipe 22 is advantageously formed by a double wall tube, the two concentric walls of which are made of stainless steel and the intermediate space of which is under vacuum and / or lined with an insulating material.
  • the external wall of the double-walled tube stops at the level of the secondary plate set 36, 37 of the connection ring 27 and is welded to it while the end of the internal wall of the double-walled tube crosses the barrier thermally insulating primary 20 then the primary sealing membrane 20 and is welded thereto so as to seal the primary sealing membrane 21.
  • the double-walled tube comprises, at the level of its passage through the transverse partition 9 of the cofferdam, a double compensator 40 making it possible to bring flexibility to the pipe 22 so as to allow its contraction during the cold setting of the tank .
  • the double compensator 40 includes, at the outer wall, an outer portion having a series of undulations and, at the inner wall, an inner portion having a series of undulations.
  • the double compensator 40 furthermore secures the vapor discharge pipe 22 to the transverse wall 9 of cofferdam.
  • the corrugated outer portion of the double compensator 40 is welded to a stainless steel insert 43 which is mounted inside an opening formed in the transverse wall 9 of cofferdam and which is soldered on it.
  • Line 22 is here connected to a manifold 26 which comprises a tube which extends inside the cofferdam 10 in a transverse direction and which thus makes it possible to collect steam from two lines 22, 25 opening out at two corner zones of the ceiling wall arranged at the same longitudinal end of the tank.
  • a manifold 26 which comprises a tube which extends inside the cofferdam 10 in a transverse direction and which thus makes it possible to collect steam from two lines 22, 25 opening out at two corner zones of the ceiling wall arranged at the same longitudinal end of the tank.
  • each discharge line 22, 23 is equipped with a valve 54 capable of authorizing or prohibiting the passage of the gaseous phase from the discharge line to the manifold 26 in order to allow the tanks to be isolated from one another.
  • the manifold 26 is connected via a three-way connection 46, on the one hand, to a steam injection pipe 41 able to allow the reinjection of the vapor phase collected in the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas stored in a tank and, on the other hand, to a degassing mast 7 via a safety valve 42.
  • a steam injection pipe 41 able to allow the reinjection of the vapor phase collected in the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas stored in a tank and, on the other hand, to a degassing mast 7 via a safety valve 42.
  • Each manifold 26 or steam injection pipe 41 is equipped with a pump 55 allowing the gas phase collected in the liquid phase.
  • the installation also includes a loading / unloading tower 45, shown schematically on the figure 7 , to load the cargo in the tank, before transport, and to unload the cargo after transport.
  • the loading / unloading tower 45 extends over substantially the entire height of the tank, in the vicinity of a transverse partition 9 of the cofferdam.
  • the loading / unloading tower 45 is suspended from the ceiling wall 13 and can in particular be made up of a tripod-type structure, that is to say comprising three vertical masts.
  • the loading / unloading tower 45 supports one or more unloading lines 47 and one or more loading lines, not shown.
  • Each of the discharge lines 47 is associated with a respective discharge pump, not shown, which is itself supported by the loading / unloading tower 45.
  • the installation comprises an emergency well 48 passing through the ceiling wall 13 of the tank and extending over substantially the entire height of the tank and allowing the descent a backup pump and an unloading line in the event of failure of the other unloading pumps.
  • the emergency well 48 is used to allow the reinjection of the vapor collected in the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas stored in the tank without having to provide an additional passage through the walls of the tank .
  • the steam injection pipe 41 comprises an injection pipe 49 disposed inside the emergency well.
  • the injection pipe 49 extends over a substantial portion of the height of the tank so as to plunge inside the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas.
  • the injection pipe 49 has a spiral shape and a plurality of bubble orifices 50 distributed along the injection pipe. Such a structure of the injection rod 49 makes it possible to promote the heat exchange between the reinjected vapor and the liquid phase of the liquefied natural gas.
  • the injection rod 49 is removably mounted inside the emergency well 48 so as to allow its withdrawal from the emergency well when the emergency pump must be lowered into the emergency well 48. Furthermore, the cane injection is connected to the three-way connection 46 via an isolation valve 51 so as to allow an interruption of the reinjection of steam into the tank, in particular when the injection rod 49 must be removed and the emergency pump lowered into the emergency well 48.
  • the safety valve makes it possible to direct the vapor towards the degassing mast in order to evacuate the vapor in the atmosphere and avoid overpressures inside the tank when the vapor pressure is higher than a threshold.
  • the safety valve can in particular be calibrated at a relative pressure value of between 200 and 400 millibars, for example of the order of 250 millibars.
  • Each tank 2, 3, 4, 5 can also be equipped with a vapor collection device 56, as illustrated on the figure 8 , and crossing the ceiling wall 14 of the tank, here in a central area.
  • the support structure has a circular opening around which a barrel 52 is welded which extends outside the support structure.
  • a metallic collecting pipe 53 is anchored inside the barrel 52 and is intended to extract the vapors produced by the evaporation of the liquefied natural gas in the tank.
  • the collecting pipe 53 crosses the ceiling wall 13 in the center of the circular opening as well as the thermally insulating barriers 18, 20 and the sealing membranes 19, 21.
  • This collecting pipe 53 is in particular connected to a vapor collector at the exterior of the tank which extracts this steam and is capable of transmitting the steam selectively to a degassing mast 7, to the steam turbine for propelling the ship or to a liquefaction device for then reintroducing the fluid into the tank.
  • the diameter and the height of the collecting pipe 53 are liable to vary as a function of the dimensions of the tank and of the ship; the diameter and the height of the collecting pipe being large when the ship is an LNG carrier and more modest when the tank is intended to store liquefied natural gas used to supply the ship's propulsion means.
  • the installation comprises a tank 102, which can in particular be used to store liquefied natural gas intended to serve as fuel for the propulsion of a ship.
  • the tank 102 here has a rectangular parallelepiped shape which is defined by a bottom wall 112, a ceiling wall 113, two vertical side walls 115 and two vertical transverse walls 114.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the tank 102 can for example be oriented according to the longitudinal direction of the ship or perpendicular to it.
  • the installation comprises four steam evacuation pipes 122, 123, 124, 125 which each open at one of the four corner zones of the ceiling wall 113.
  • the four evacuation pipes 122, 123, 124, 125 pass through the ceiling wall 113 so as to open into the internal space of the tank 102 at the level of the primary sealing membrane 121 of the wall of ceiling 113.
  • the discharge pipe 122 is formed by a double-walled tube the external wall of which is tightly connected to the secondary waterproofing membrane 119 while the external wall is tightly connected, for example by welding, to the primary waterproofing membrane 121.
  • the collecting network comprises four pipes 157 defining a rectangle and each connecting one of the evacuation pipes 122, 123, 124, 125 with another evacuation pipe arranged at a corner area close to the wall of ceiling 113.
  • the collecting network also comprises two other pipes 158 which each connect two parallel pipes 157 near their center.
  • the two pipes 158 are connected to each other.
  • the intersection between the two pipes 158 is connected to the degassing mast and / or to a circuit for using natural gas in the vapor phase by one or two pipes 159 which are each equipped with a safety valve 160.
  • Such an arrangement thus makes it possible to pool the safety valves 160 for all the evacuation pipes 122, 123, 124, 125 of the same tank and this without risking an expulsion of liquid phase towards the degassing mast and / or the circuit for using the vapor phase gas when the tank is tilted.
  • the installation here comprises only two steam evacuation pipes 222, 223.
  • the two pipes 222, 223 open out, inside the tank 202, at two opposite ends in the transverse direction of the ship.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to limit the number of evacuation pipes 222, 223, so as to limit the size and the cost of the installation, while ensuring efficient evacuation of the vapor phase of the liquefied natural gas when the ship is immobilized in an inclined position in which it has an inclination of lodging.
  • the inclination of a ship's cottage being the inclination likely to be the largest.
  • the installation comprises a collecting network comprising two pipes 263 which each allow one of the two discharge pipes 222, 223 to be connected to a collecting pipe 264.
  • Line 264 is fitted with a safety valve, not shown, and conducts gas in the vapor phase to a degassing mast and / or to an installation for using natural gas in the vapor phase.
  • the installation also comprises a pipe 265 passing through the ceiling wall 213 of the tank and through which pass one or more loading and / or unloading lines, not illustrated, making it possible to load and / or to unload the cargo.
  • FIG 9 there is a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 equipped with such a storage and transport facility for liquefied natural gas.
  • the figure 9 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of liquefied natural gas from or to the tank 71 .
  • the figure 9 also represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be adjusted to suit any size of LNG carrier.
  • a connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
  • This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the subsea pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the subsea pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP16703571.6A 2015-01-30 2016-01-14 Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogénique embarquée sur un navire Active EP3250849B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16703571T PL3250849T3 (pl) 2015-01-30 2016-01-14 Instalacja do przechowywania i do transportu cieczy kriogenicznej wbudowana w statek

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FR1550746A FR3032258B1 (fr) 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogenique embarquee sur un navire
PCT/FR2016/050067 WO2016120540A1 (fr) 2015-01-30 2016-01-14 Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogénique embarquée sur un navire

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EP3250849B1 true EP3250849B1 (fr) 2020-02-05

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US (1) US9915397B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3250849B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP6349037B2 (pl)
KR (1) KR101879453B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN107429880B (pl)
AU (1) AU2016211087B2 (pl)
ES (1) ES2786277T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3032258B1 (pl)
MY (1) MY186353A (pl)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3250849A1 (fr) 2017-12-06
WO2016120540A1 (fr) 2016-08-04
ES2786277T3 (es) 2020-10-09
FR3032258B1 (fr) 2017-07-28
MY186353A (en) 2021-07-15
KR101879453B1 (ko) 2018-08-17
JP6349037B2 (ja) 2018-06-27
CN107429880B (zh) 2019-04-05
JP2018506002A (ja) 2018-03-01
KR20170104608A (ko) 2017-09-15
AU2016211087B2 (en) 2017-10-26
PL3250849T3 (pl) 2020-07-27
FR3032258A1 (fr) 2016-08-05
US20170363253A1 (en) 2017-12-21
CN107429880A (zh) 2017-12-01
US9915397B2 (en) 2018-03-13
AU2016211087A1 (en) 2017-08-17

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