EP3245661B1 - Composant de coupe-circuit à fusible - Google Patents

Composant de coupe-circuit à fusible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3245661B1
EP3245661B1 EP16703094.9A EP16703094A EP3245661B1 EP 3245661 B1 EP3245661 B1 EP 3245661B1 EP 16703094 A EP16703094 A EP 16703094A EP 3245661 B1 EP3245661 B1 EP 3245661B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse component
shells
insulation body
fusible element
fuse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16703094.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3245661A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter PÖSSNICKER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTER CONTROL Hermann Koehler Electrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
INTER CONTROL Hermann Koehler Electrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INTER CONTROL Hermann Koehler Electrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical INTER CONTROL Hermann Koehler Electrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3245661A1 publication Critical patent/EP3245661A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3245661B1 publication Critical patent/EP3245661B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/175—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form
    • H01H85/1755—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form composite casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H85/0415—Miniature fuses cartridge type
    • H01H85/0418—Miniature fuses cartridge type with ferrule type end contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
    • H01H85/157—Ferrule-end contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/175—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H2085/0414—Surface mounted fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuse element, for example a current fuse for overcurrent protection.
  • the previous invention relates to a so-called miniature fuse for surface mounting from the group of device protection fuses according to IEC 60127 Part 4 with emphasis on DC voltages.
  • Fuse devices are overcurrent protective devices that break a circuit when a current fuses to a certain value for a predetermined time by melting a fused conductor.
  • Miniature fuses come as device protection fuses z. B. in power supplies, televisions and radios and measuring devices used.
  • the basic structure includes two terminal contacts (end caps) connected by the actual fuse element in the form of wire or conductive (metallic) layers, which are encased by an electrically insulating housing such that hot vapors or sparks at the moment of release of the fuse no danger to surrounding Components or fuse holders, such as fuse holders and printed circuit boards.
  • Characteristics of such miniature fuses are rated current, rated voltage, tripping characteristic and breaking capacity, in particular the rated breaking capacity.
  • the interior of the insulating housing containing the fusible conductor is filled with an extinguishing agent, eg sand.
  • an extinguishing agent eg sand.
  • the pulse-like energy supply generates an arc plasma based on impact ionization of the (gas) molecules surrounding the melt conductor, along with a strong heating and pressure development in the interior of the enclosure. Due to the increase in pressure, the arc is extinguished as soon as the arc-firing voltage exceeds the driving source voltage which is applied to the connection contacts of the fuse.
  • a defined, sudden increase in pressure is therefore up to a certain degree, the max. Pressure stability of the fuse box, desired.
  • pressure equalization channels can be provided to prevent too sudden pressure increase to avoid damaging the fuse.
  • the pressure equalization channels serve to specifically limit overpressure peaks in the interior.
  • a fuse element according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP 1 455 375 B1 known.
  • This known fuse component comprises a fusible conductor, which is arranged approximately diagonally in the interior of a cylindrical tube and is guided around the ends of the tube at its ends, so that the ends of the fusible conductor rest on the outer wall of the tube.
  • Both ends of the tube are each provided with an elastically deformable sealing plug, which is pressed into the respective end opening of the tube.
  • the sealing plug presses a short section of the fusible conductor against the inner wall of the tube, creating pressure equalization channels. These channels cause a slow compensation of the interior pressure, so that a sudden increase in pressure in the interior can erase the melt conductor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel fuse component which enables simplified assembly for safe operation.
  • the insulation body is split longitudinally. It preferably comprises several, for example two, longitudinal shells made of an electrically insulating material. This makes it possible to insert the fusible conductor in one of the shells in a simple manner and to join them together with the further shell (s) for completing the insulating body.
  • the shells in the assembled state form a channel which envelops the melt conductor up to the respective end cap.
  • at least one shell, preferably each of the shells preferably has a longitudinal recess. The fusible conductor can thereby be first inserted into the recess of a shell.
  • the shell is joined together with at least one further shell, so that the melt conductor is preferably received in a form-fitting manner in the channel formed thereby.
  • This allows a particularly fast and also automated feasible manufacture of the insulating body with internal fusible link.
  • the channel runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the insulating body, preferably along the central axis thereof.
  • This arrangement is possible by the construction according to the invention in a simple manner. At the same time this ensures that the fusible conductor always has the greatest possible distance from the inner walls of the insulating body. Contacting the fusible conductor with the side walls of the insulating body is avoided in the load phases of the fuse, in which the fault current, which ultimately leads to the triggering of the fuse, slowly, usually builds up in the form of a rising ramp, so that by the material elongation, or elongation the fusible conductor element, due to the fixation on the end caps and the defined length of the insulating body, a bend in the interior of the same occurs.
  • the shells have interlocking shapes and form a unit rotationally symmetric by their symmetry.
  • the shells in the assembled state are axially fixed to one another by at least one step running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the insulating body.
  • an assembly of the shells is facilitated because the shells adjust each other during assembly with respect to their longitudinal position.
  • the respective shell has an at least substantially L-shaped cross-sectional shape, in addition, a circumferentially effective positioning during assembly is facilitated.
  • the insulating body is expediently formed by two longitudinal shells or half shells.
  • the shells are advantageously injection-molded parts made of injection-moldable material.
  • the material used is polyamide, preferably heat-resistant polyamide of the class PA6. This material is injection-moldable and moreover has an advantageous self-extinguishing property.
  • Conceivable are other plastic granules whose dimensional stability is given in the long term in a temperature range greater than 200 ° C and whose fire retardant properties are to be found in the classification under UL-94.
  • the shells have an identical shape. As a result, the production costs can be further reduced.
  • the melt conductor preferably has angled, in particular flattened ends. With these angled, flattened ends, the fusible link can also be prefabricated.
  • the angled ends are advantageous because after inserting the fusible conductor and the assembly of the half shells, the respective end of the fusible conductor can be pressed without further processing with the subsequently mounted end caps in intermediate position to the end face of the insulating body and thus in electrical contact with the end cap and a subsequent axial compression of the fusible conductor is avoided.
  • the shells are connected by means of connecting means directly undetachably.
  • the shells can also be connected to each other by ultrasonic welding or similar connection technology methods.
  • At least one depression preferably in the form of at least one groove extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fuse component, is provided to the end regions of the half shells. This makes it possible to securely fix the end cap after placing it on the insulating body by means of a projection engaging in the recess.
  • the depression or groove serves to compress material of the end cap, preferably by crimping, into the region of the depression or groove and thus also provides a lateral fixation in the direction of the assembly guide axis in addition to the axial stabilization of the housing halves.
  • the channel receives the fusible link without gaps.
  • the end cap and the fusible conductor are electrically contacted by laser soldering, resistance soldering or induction soldering. It is an indirect heating of the material surfaces, which leads to a braze joint. This compound is achieved without additives, such as solder and flux and thereby avoids residues in the form of organic matter, which can adversely affect the arc, so that the burning time, or pressure development can lead to an explosion of the fuse box. The prerequisite for this is the same condition of the surfaces of the materials to be joined. With regard to thermal stress and process times in the manufacture of such fuses, tin surfaces on the fusible conductor and the end cap are preferable.
  • the two half-shells in the assembled state with mounted end caps form a uniform cuboid insulating body while avoiding steps or shoulders in the region of the transition from end cap to insulator. It is thereby achieved that a flat, in particular planar front-side bearing surface between the end cap or insulation body and the respective application area is created, which is advantageous for a contacting.
  • the use of fixing adhesive in the end cap area can be avoided or at least significantly reduced.
  • the reference numeral 1 in Fig. 1 denotes the fuse element according to the invention in its entirety. This is preferably a so-called miniature fuse according to the requirements of the underlying for fuses standards IEC 60/127 part 4.
  • the fuse element 1 comprises an existing of an electrically insulating material insulation body 3 and two patch on the respective end of the insulation body 3, electrically conductive end caps 4.
  • the insulating body 3 comprises two identical half-shells 5a, 5b which are divided in the longitudinal direction and together form a cavity 14 and a channel which adjoins the melt conductor 2 in a form-fitting manner at the end of the cavity.
  • the channel 6 runs along the central axis of the insulating body 3 and opens into the end face of the insulating body 3, respectively.
  • the insulating body 3 has at its two end regions a region 13 which encloses the fusible conductor 2 in a form-fitting and preferably gap-free manner and isolates the region of the fusible conductor 2 exposed in the cavity 14 from the associated end cap 4. This ensures that the arc can not penetrate to the end cap, or a melted through this causes, so that the arc plasma can escape from the fuse interior with a further damage related components.
  • a depression 10 is provided in the insulation body 3, in which a corresponding projection 11 of the respective end cap 4 engages and the latter is fixed to the insulation body 3.
  • This fixation is expediently created by crimping the end cap 4 onto the end of the insulation body 3, d. H. Material of the end cap 4 is pressed into the recess 10.
  • the insulating body 3 is shaped such that it forms a flat, frontal support surface 12 for the respective cap 4.
  • a plan running bearing surface 12th of the insulation body 3 improves the contacting of the fusible conductor 2 with the respective end cap.
  • the fusible conductor 2 has at its end faces, see. also Fig. 2 , two angled and flattened end portions 15a, 15b, which are located between the respective end face 12 of the insulating body 3 and the respective cap 4 in a press fit.
  • the end cap 4 and the respective end region 15a, 15b of the fusible conductor can be electrically contacted to one another by a soldering process, such as laser soldering, resistance soldering or induction soldering.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the individual parts of the in Fig. 1
  • the fuse element 3 is constructed in this embodiment of two half-shells 5a and 5b divided in the longitudinal direction.
  • each of the two half-shells 5 a, 5 b each has an elongated semicircular recess 6 a, 6 b, which together form the channel 6 for receiving the fusible conductor 2. From the illustration according to Fig. 2 Furthermore, it is clear that each half-shell 5a, 5b has shaped elements which, in cooperation with correspondingly formed mold elements of the adjacent half-shell, cause a positive locking which fix the two half-shells 5a, 5b in the longitudinal direction and / or in the circumferential direction in the joining position. Thus, for example, the region of the half-shell 5b which is reset in the region of the gradation 7 is replaced by a correspondingly projecting (not in Fig. 2 apparent) area of the half-shell 5a filled and thereby ensures an axial latching.
  • Fig. 3 is also visible, as the two half-shells 5a, 5b form the channel 6 for the fusible conductor 2 due to the respective semicircular channel sections 6a, 6b, by the fusible conductor 2 is received positively and without gaps.
  • the two half-shells 5a, 5b can be connected together inextricably by means of a connecting means if necessary. This is preferably done by ultrasonic welding. When welding the half-shells 5a, 5b, the interior 14 can be made even more pressure-resistant if necessary.
  • connection of the ends 15a, 15b of the fusible conductor 2 with the respective end cap 4 is preferably carried out by means of indirect laser soldering.
  • connection can also be made by resistance soldering or induction soldering.
  • the soldering is preferably carried out without solder additive, whereby the production of organic compounds is avoided.
  • the otherwise required use of high-melting solders based on PbSnAg or PbAg can also be avoided.
  • the finished fuse component 1 of the present invention has the of Fig. 4 apparent, cuboid shape.
  • the present invention makes it possible to provide a novel fusible link component with arcing characteristics and a particularly simple and automated feasible assembly while avoiding additives such as solder and / or extinguishing agent.
  • the structure also allows scaling, so that smaller, especially shorter housing dimensions can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the present invention therefore represents a very special development of the existing state of the art and also provides the possibilities of being able to specify not only a rated switching capacity for AC voltages but also one for DC voltages.
  • the entire structural design causes a limitation of the arc phase under pending / driving source voltage and is thus not dependent on the zero point crossings of the source voltage. In this respect, the application focus of this backup design lies in the DC area of the application level.
  • no further extinguishing agents are required, so that an inert fuse characteristic can be imaged by the thermal insulation of the fusible conductor to the insulation housing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1), pourvu d'un conducteur fusible (2),
    le conducteur fusible (2) se trouvant à l'intérieur d'un corps isolant (3) et
    le conducteur fusible (2) s'étendant entre les deux faces frontales du corps isolant (3),
    les faces frontales du corps isolant (3) étant fermées chacune par des capuchons d'extrémité (4) conducteurs d'électricité et
    les capuchons d'extrémité (4) étant en contact électrique avec le conducteur fusible (2),
    le corps isolant (3) étant composé d'au moins deux coques (5a, 5b) et lorsqu'elles sont assemblées, les coques (5a, 5b) formant un canal (6) réceptionnant le conducteur fusible (2),
    le canal (6) s'étendant à la parallèle de la direction longitudinale du corps isolant (3), de préférence le long de l'axe médian de celui-ci, lorsqu'elles sont assemblées, les coques (5a, 5b) étant fixées en direction axiale l'une par rapport à l'autre par au moins un échelon (7),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la coque (5a, 5b) respective présente une section transversale configurée au moins sensiblement en forme de L et
    une languette d'enclenchement (9) prévue sur la coque (par ex. 5a) s'engage dans un évidement (8) prévu sur l'autre coque (par ex. 5b).
  2. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble du corps isolant (5) est constitué d'au moins deux coques (5a, 5b), s'étendant de préférence en direction longitudinale.
  3. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les coques (5a, 5b) présentent une forme s'engageant mutuellement.
  4. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les coques (5a, 5b) sont des pièces moulées par injection.
  5. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les coques présentent une forme identique.
  6. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur fusible (2) comporte des extrémités (15a, 15b) coudées.
  7. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité respective (15a ou 15b) du conducteur fusible (2) se trouve dans un ajustement serré entre la paroi intérieure frontale du capuchon (6) respectif et la face frontale respective du corps isolant (3).
  8. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les demi-coques (5a, 5b) sont directement reliées l'une à l'autre de manière indissociable à l'aide de moyens de liaison.
  9. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que sur les zones d'extrémité des demi-coques (5a, 5b) est prévu un creux (10), de préférence une rainure s'étendant le long de la périphérie, à la transversale de l'axe longitudinal du composant de fusible de sécurité (1).
  10. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le capuchon d'extrémité (4) comporte une saillie (11) dirigée vers l'intérieur, qui s'engage dans la rainure (10) du corps isolant (3).
  11. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le capuchon d'extrémité (4) et le corps isolant (3) sont reliés entre eux par sertissage.
  12. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal (6) réceptionne le conducteur fusible (2) sans aucun interstice.
  13. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le capuchon d'extrémité (4) et le conducteur fusible (2) sont mis en contact électrique l'un avec l'autre par brasage au laser, par brasage à résistance ou par brasage à induction.
  14. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une capacité assignée de coupure élevée à tension continue est donnée sans utilisation d'agents extincteurs supplémentaires.
  15. Composant de fusible de sécurité (1) selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les capuchons d'extrémité (4) et le boîtier isolant (3) forment au moins sensiblement un plan et assurent ainsi une application plane sur des cartes de circuit imprimé.
EP16703094.9A 2015-04-15 2016-02-03 Composant de coupe-circuit à fusible Active EP3245661B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202015101840.1U DE202015101840U1 (de) 2015-04-15 2015-04-15 Schmelzsicherungsbauelement
PCT/EP2016/052220 WO2016165844A1 (fr) 2015-04-15 2016-02-03 Composant de coupe-circuit à fusible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3245661A1 EP3245661A1 (fr) 2017-11-22
EP3245661B1 true EP3245661B1 (fr) 2018-10-03

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ID=53185776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16703094.9A Active EP3245661B1 (fr) 2015-04-15 2016-02-03 Composant de coupe-circuit à fusible

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20180114663A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3245661B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6605037B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN108140522B (fr)
DE (1) DE202015101840U1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE042660T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016165844A1 (fr)

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CN108140522A (zh) 2018-06-08
JP2018511921A (ja) 2018-04-26
DE202015101840U1 (de) 2015-04-30
CN108140522B (zh) 2020-06-05
HUE042660T2 (hu) 2019-07-29
JP6605037B2 (ja) 2019-11-13
US20190295798A1 (en) 2019-09-26
EP3245661A1 (fr) 2017-11-22
US20180114663A1 (en) 2018-04-26
WO2016165844A1 (fr) 2016-10-20

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